Visit a company of your choice identify and discuss the risk associated with their

activitiesand measures taken to overcome or reduce such risks.

The name of this company is Dita Dang and it is an IT company they deal in products such as
computers(laptops and desktops), Toners, Refills, Printers,Television, Cables, batterriesetc. And
they slao offer this selling strategy to government workers that receive their salaries through the
controller with Dita-Dang the risk associated with their trading have been divided into four
categories. These are the financial aspects,the marketing aspect , operationsand the people.

The financial aspect : The organisation facesinaccurate financial forecast this is as a result of
carelessness, lack of information misinteroreting data or dishonest employees; The bad numbers
that are as a result of inaccurate financial reporting lead to bad decision making.Miscalculating
profit is detrimental to them, whether the number is too low or too high.

In accurate cost estimate ; Estimation is the process by which one determines how long a a
project will take and how much it cost but most estimation have been done wrongand are more
like wishes than realistic than withthis , shortcuts are taken to enter funds which might lead to
bad estimate and good practices: are skipped changes in cost of finance taxation or other external
factors also is a financial that the company go through.

Secondly is the Marketing aspect in their marketing aspects , some of the problems thay
encounter are changes in demand for products or service. Customer always demand for changes
in product purchase whenever they seem it out of lone or with a little default, they also want to
be served well so demand that there should be regular changes in the service beign rendered to
them.New sources of competition: with other companys such as compu ghana and others , it has
made the marketing aspect a very competitive one for them as they also render almost the same
scheme as they do.

Changes in customer needs and expectation :

Customers expectations are root time less.They always want a friendly ,efficient and reliable,
service, but with the development of new technology their expectation have been raised. Know
your customer is so true as it ever was but now they want a more efficient service than before,
they just dont want friendly, they want to feel like the service has been personalised for them.
An example is with the social media changing the definition of what is fast to them. As they get
to know whatever they want through it .

Thirdly , operation , Dita Dang also faces to go through some risks with their operation.
Difficulties with suppliers , suppliers tend to be very difficult in a lot of aspect they sometimes
delay in the delivery of orders making it risky for the company when there is a customer ready
for pickup ; they also sometimes supply products that are not of good quality standards, example
inks,toners, etc. this is a huge risk or a safety issue because it can damage the companys
reputation and affect cash flow.

In operation there is this problems with equipment or machinery. When the equipment is not
functioning properly it makes work slow down making the company loose clients to its
competitors.

Lastly with the risk are the people involved difficulties acquiring and developing new skills the
organisation is responsible for developing skills to it employers, it is mostly difficult as there are
people who will tend to be slow learners making job to be done as it risk as not getting the
trainee and trainer doing it on time. Sometimes the workersare just not ready to learn something
new or involving someone who isnt responsible for the said training or skill Trainee to get the
trainer ready to be able to develop new skill.

Measures taking to avoid, reduce and over come the above riskd in the Dita Dangcompany are:

By avoiding the risk : This means they decide not to undertake some of the choosen
activities that can create risk to them but usually applies to situation where likelihood and
impact occuring are considerd to be high.
Risk Reduction: They take actions to reduce the likelihood or impact of the potential risk
for instance , it may involve staff training to ensure to know or understand the IT world to
be capable of performing roles when there is absence in a role or event.
Transfer of the Risk : Dita Dang talkrd of transferring some of their risk to another party ,
by purchasing an insurance policy or getting another organization to accept the risk
Accept the Risk: By accepting the risk they acknoeledge the risk and decide to accept the
concequences should it occur.
They even build the level of risk into operational plan.
I paid a visit to Ebony & Gas Limited which is located on Mezzanine Floor One Airport square
plot 21 Airport City Accra Ghana. I had the opportunity and spoke with their Head of Operation
Development called Mr Edmund Edem Gamey.

During the discussion he said the Oil & Gas Industry still accounts for the majority of the
worlds energy generation. While opponents may contest the use of such fossil fuels , the fact
remains that without them the lights would go out and our cars would stop running. Most people
dont fully realised the incredible strss the industry is under and the risk factors affceting it there
are some of the risk Oil $ Gas Industry faces reqularly.

Government Limitations

Regulations on where , when and how extractions can be done is very different based on the
location and laws. This risk usually emerges abroad due to a ahift in political aspects. Sometimes
the government changes its arrangement possibly taking advantage of its authority to gain a
higher percentage of profits. Most companies tend to lean towards countries that are secure and
who usually offers long-term leases with no deviating so a surprise limitation on reserves after
the financial commitment has been made will be less likely to occur among additional taxes and
exporting issues .

Environment Constraints:

Some locations are environmentally depleted and the last resort is to move to unconventional and
unfamiliar areas where hard drilling is required and extraction of resources is known to be
difficult like drilling platforms in the middle of the ocean. This puts more pressure and
challenges on the company due to the harm it can cause on the environment and public health
and safety.

Prices:

Unfamiliar drilling will most likely cost more than conventional drilling down into a reserve.
How do you determine if extraction is cost effective? It all comes down to the difficulty of
extraction. The more barriers, the more of a price risk the project will have. This risk is steady
when it comes to pricing that is why the company ensure they have a decisible estimate before
they start a project to reduce any chances of restarting a new project altogether.
Supply and Demand

It requires a large financial investment to start an extraction in any location in the world and
because reserves can be limited or excess this creates an unstable production which affects the
pricing of oil & gas. Macro-economic factors can influence the industries prosperity like beinfg
dependent on a single market to buy from or sell to.

Cost

Cost focuses on operational factors and an extractionproject can commomly exceed capital
invested based on regulations, global production and drilling in unfamiliar areas. A major risk is
not being able to find qualified workers due to the increasingoperational cost. A risk for the
company is also dealing with stakeholders who feel like they can cut cost through spending on
new technology for a more efficient extraction.

With all of the risks in the oil & gas industry , some opportunies to minimize it especially in
offshore drilling would involve acquiring a joint venture where the risks would be shared,
investing in new drilling technology , and divers, lying market supply demand and overall
competition. The company agree that the most significant challenge company is management of
information. The company continues to work to be able to create intelligence from the massive
amount of technical and business data, both structural and unstructured , that they have collected.
The ultimate goal in collecting all this information is to speed time to first oil, reduce risks, and
meet compliance requirements with information life-cycle management.

With the increasing regulatory pressure, the company cannot afford the risk of being non-
compliant. More stringent requirements for timely reporting on operationsand accidents might be
required , as well as risk mitigation plans for critical operations such as drilling. The company
ensure that vital documents, including approvals for drilling , building, and maintaing wells are
available throughout the company and across the company boundaries to minimize risk and
ensure regulatory compliance.Sharing information across the company and where needed, with
external stakeholders, requires security.

The company invest in informationsecurity solutions enabling them to manage , archive protect
authenticate and scale their security systems and video surveillance information more effectively,
Increasing their capacity to detect ,deter and analyse security events in realtime.

The company bild a reliable ,efficient and cost-effective data protection architecture to eliminate
tape, improve disaster recovery,readiness and simplify management.