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GENERALFACTSABOUTINDIA:

A SUGGESTION: The Geography subject will be clearer to you, if you look at the map.
Pleasereadwithamapbesideyou.

Indiaisthe10thindustrializedcountryintheworld.

Indiaisthe6thnationintheworldtohavegoneintoouterspace.

Indiaisthe7thlargestcountryintheWorld.

Indialiesentirelyinthenorthernhemisphere.(DoyouknowwhatNorthernHemisphere
is?).

Indiameasures3,214kmfromNorthtoSouth.

Indiameasures2,933kmfromeasttowest.

Themainlandextendsbetweenlatitudes840and3760North.

Themainlandextendsbetween6870and97250Eastlongitudes.

Indiaslandfrontierisabout15,200km.
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Indiahasacommonboarderswith
Northwest:AfghanistanandPakistan
North:China,BhutanandNepal
East:Myanmar
EastofWestBengal:Bangladesh

IndiaisseparatedfromSriLankabyanarrowchannelofseaformedbythePalkStrait
andtheGulfofMannar.

TheplainsoftheGangaandtheIndusareoneoftheworldsgreateststretchesofflat
alluviumandalsooneofthemostdenselypopulatedareasontheearth.

BetweenWesternGhatsandtheArabianSealiesanarrowcoastalstrip.

BetweenEasternGhatsandBayofBengalthereisabroadercoastalarea.

NiligiriHillsisthepointwheretheeasternandWesternGhatsmeets.

CardamomhillslyingbeyondmayberegardedasacontinuationofWesternGhats.

The Indus, which is one of the greatest rivers of the world rises near manasarovar in
Tibet and flows through India and thereafter through Pakistan and falls inArabian Sea
nearKutch.

TributariesofIndus:TheSutlej,theBeas,theRavi,TheChenabandtheJhelum.

TheGangaBrahmaputra_Meghanaisanotherimportantsystemofwhichtheprinciple
subbasinsarethoseofBhagirathiandAlakanadajoinatDevPrayagtoformtheGanga.

ThemajoreastflowingriversareGodavari,Krishna,Cauvery,Mahanadi,etc.

ThewestflowingriversNarmada,TaptiandMahi.

TheclimateofIndiaistropicalmonsoontype.

SouthWest monsoon is the summer monsoon and wind blows from sea to land after
crossingIndianocean,theArabianseaandtheBayofBengal.
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Northeastmonsoonisknownasthewintermonsoonandwindblowsfromlandtosea.

BotanicalsurveyofIndia(BSI)headquartersKolkata.

ZoologicalsurveyofIndia(ZSI)headquartersKolkata.

Thetigerandlionbelongtocatfamily.

ThesaltwatercrocodileisfoundalongeasterncoastandintheAndamanandNicobar
islands.

The first census in India was conducted in the year 1872. It was conducted non
synchronouslyindifferentparts.

Since1881itwasconductedsynchronously.

ThefirstcensuscommissionerofIndiawasWWPlowden(1881).

2001censuswasundertakenduring928February2001.

Thecensusmoment,thereferraltimeatwhichthesnapshotofthepopulationistaken
was00.00hoursofMarch1,2001.

Until1991census,thesunriseof1Marchwastakenasthecensusmoment.

Indiaaccountsforameager2.4percentoftheworldssurfacearea.

Indiahas17.5(2011)percentofWorldpopulation.

Thepercentdecadalgrowthofpopulationintheintercensualperiod19912001varies
fromalowof9.43inKeralatoaveryhigh64.53inNagaland.

ThepopulationdensityofIndiain2001was324persqkm.

West Bengal is the most thickly populated state with a population density of 903 in
2001.

Delhiisthecitywithhighestpopulationdensitywith9340.
LowestpopulationdensityisinArunachalPradeshwith13.
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BiharsecondandKeralathird.

SexrationinIndia940:1000.(2011census)

HighestsexratioisKerala.1084:1000.(2011census)

Whoisaliterate?Apersonagedsevenandabove,whocanbothreadandwriteany
languagewithunderstandingistreatedasaliterate.

Inthecensuspriorto1991childrenbelow5yearswerenecessarilytreatedasilliterates.

Theliteracyrateinthecountryis74.04percent(2011).

Keralaretaineditspositionbybeingontopwitha93.91percentliteracyrate(2011).

HighestmaleandfemaleliteracystateKerala.

Biharwithaliteracyrateof63.82(2011)percentrankslastinthecountry.

LowestmaleandfemaleliteracystateBihar.

743millionpeopleinIndialiveinruralareasasperthe2001census.

286millionpeopleinIndialiveinurbanareas.

HighlypopulatedstateinIndiaisUPwith199million(2011)people.

LowestpopulationisinSikkimwith540,851peopleandconstitutes0.05percentofthe
total.

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DOYOULIKETOKNOWMOREFACTSABOUTTHENATIONALFLAG,NATIONALANTHEM.?

Theratioofwidthoftheflagtoitslengthis2to3.
Thereare3colorsintheNationalFlag.Saffronatthetop,Whiteinthemiddlefollowed
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byGreenatthebottom.

InthemiddleoftheNationalFlagthereisawheelcalledChakra.

TheChakrahas24spokes.

ThedesignoftheNationalFlagwasadoptedbytheConstituentAssemblyofIndiaon
July22,1947.

TheFlagcodeofIndia,2002,hastakeneffectfromJanuary26,2002andsupersedesthe
FlagcodeIndiasasitexisted.

There shall be no restriction on the display of the National Flag by the members of
generalpublicprivateorganizations,educationalinstitutions,etc.

ThestateemblemisanadoptionfromthesaranathLioncapitalofAsoka.

InthesateemblemasadoptedonJanuary26,1950only3lionsarevisibleandthe4th
oneishidden.

Thewheelappearsinthecenteroftheabacuswithabullontherightandahorseonthe
leftandtheoutlinesofotherwheelsonextremerightandleft.

The words Satyameva Jayate were taken from the Mundaka Upanishad. It means
TruthAloneTriumphsareinscribedbelowtheabacusinDevanagariscript.

TheNationalAnthemJanaganamana,composedoriginallyinBengalibyRabindranath
Tagore,wasadoptedinitsHindiversionasNationalAnthemonJanuary24,1950.

NationalAnthem was first sung on December 27, 1911 at the Calcutta session of the
INC.

TheNationalsongVandeMataram,composedinSanskritbyBankimchandraChatterji,
was a source of inspiration to the people in their struggle for freedom. It has an equal
statuswiththeNationalAnthem.

ThefirstpoliticaloccasionwhenNationalsong,sungwasthe1896sessionoftheINC.
 TheNationalcalendarisbasedonSakaera,withChaitraasitsfirstmonthandanormal
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yearof365dayswasadoptedfromMarch22,1957withGregoriancalendar.

NationalAnimal:Themagnificenttiger,(PanthaeraTigris).

NationalBird:TheIndianpeacock,(PavoCristatus).

NationalFlower:Lotus(NelumboNuciperaGaertn).

NationalTree:TheBanyantree(Ficusbenghalensis).

NationalFruit:Mango(ManigiferaIndica).

NationalRiver:Ganges

SOMEMOREFACTSaboutINDIA:

AreawiseRajasthanisthelargeststateinIndia.

AreawiseGoaisthesmalleststate.

AreawiseAndaman&NicobarIslandsisthelargestUT.

AreawiseLakshadweepisthesmallestUT.

HighestpopulationisinUP.

LowestpopulationisinSikkim.

HighestpopulationDelhi(UT).

LowestpopulationLakshadweep(UT).

LargestcountryisRussia(areawise).

Indiaisthe7thlargestcountry(areawise).

HighestpopulationChina.
PopulationwiseIndiaisthesecondlargestcountryintheworld.
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AndhraPradeshisthefirststateinIndiathathasbeenformedonapurelylinguisticbasis
in1953andenlargedin1956.Andhrastate1953andAPin1956.

HighestnumberofAssemblyseatsUP403

HighestnumberoflegislativeCouncilseatsUP99.

HighestnumberofRajyaSabhaseatsUP31.

HighestnumberofLokSabhaseatsUP80.

LowestnumberofAssemblyseatsSikkim32.

LowestnumberofLegislativeCouncilseatsJK36.

LowestnumberofLokSabhaseatsSikkim1.

LowestnumberofRajyaSabhaseatsSikkim,Manipur,Nagaland,TripuraandGoa1.

The Legislative Councils are present only in six states. Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka,
Maharashtra,Bihar,UP,andJ&K.

The Tamil Nadu is the latest state to establish and abolish the Legislative Council.
(LegislativeCouncilsarecreated/abolishedbyParliamentonly).

InUnionTerritoriesDelhihasmaximumnumberofseatsinAssembly.(70).

PondicherryhasthelowestnumberofseatsinAssembly.(30).

HighestnumberofdistrictspresentinUP.75innumber

Goahasonly2districts.

KutchinGujaratisthelargestdistrictinIndia.Theareais45,652Sq.km.

MaheinthestateofKeralaisthesmallestdistrictinIndia.Theareais9Sq.km.Maheis
geographicallylocatedinKeralabutadministeredbyPondicherry.
DrassinWesternLadakhisthecoldestplaceinIndia.Itisalsothesecondcoldestplacein
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theWorldafterSiberia.

TheHighCourtwasfirstestablishedinBombay,CalcuttaandMadrasintheyear1862.

In the year 2000 three new High Courts were set up in Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and
Uttaranchal.

In the year 2013 three more High Courts have been set up in Meghalaya, Manipur and
Tripura.

Atpresentthereare24HighCourtspresentinIndia.

NE states are called Seven sisters. (Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Manipur,
Mizoram,NagalandandTripura).

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