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Los animales acuticos poseen una enorme variedad en tipos de cuerpos, formas
de reproducirse, dietas, hbitats diferentes y formas diferentes para sobrevivir en
el mar. Pese a la inmensidad del mar y las distintas especies de animales
acuticos todos comparten algunas caractersticas.
ESTRUCTURA
El agua penetra por la boca y circula por las branquias donde el oxgeno es
absorbido, pasa a la sangre y es transportado a todo el cuerpo donde se produce
una respiracin celular.
AQUATIC ANIMALS
The aquatic animals are vertebrates or invertebrates, live in water during most or
all of his life. We find the conidarios in the Group of invertebrates. This group
consists of jellyfish, anemones, corals, and Hydra. For the part of vertebrates found
all the fish they use gills to breathe and those using lungs, like dolphins or whales.
They must distinguish between animals that can leverage to breath the oxygen
dissolved in the water and those who need to breathe oxygen from the air. The
aquatic animals are distributed by all the Zoological scale being almost exclusively
aquatic from lower groups (Protozoa), as well as the espongiarios, polyps and
echinoderms, large number of worms, most of molluscs and all Brachiopods and
tunicates. Arthropods that live in the water, almost all crustaceans, they are rarely
the Arachnids and aquatic insects, mosquitoes.
Among vertebrates there are also many aquatic animals, distinguishing the species
that live entirely in water breathing through gills like fish and Larval amphibians
anyway although the latter, in their adult stages (with pulmonary respiration) are
sometimes as Toad, frog and salamander and others. Other vertebrates breathe
through lungs but that is no obstacle to have among them many aquatic species
such as:
Among the reptiles: numerous turtles, some snakes crocodiles and alligators.
Among the mammals: the cetaceans and pinnipeds, various rodents such as
Beaver, certain carnivores such as the Otter and some elephants as the Hippo
among others as carnivores and omnivores.
Aquatic animals that breathe through gills make the exchange of gases with water.
The amount of oxygen contained in water is less than the air, so these animals
adapted to these conditions need very effective systems capable of extracting
oxygen from the water.
Feeding: The feeding of todos los animales acuticos dependen del fitoplancton.
El fitoplancton es una planta microscpica that live in el oceano and invites the luz
solar in energa mediante the clorofila y al igual that las plantas terrestres
consumen el dixido of carbono y liberan oxigeno necesario para la vida de los
animales. El fitoplancton is the base of the cadena alimenticia acutica ya that is
the main diet of the zooplankton (animal microscopicos) that knew to comido to a
crustceo (como el camarn antrtico) that es comido por un pez. El pez has
known to be encuentra con depredadores como the foca, tiburn, orca etc.
Breathing: Aquatic animals can breathe air or removing his oxygen that is
dissolved in water through specialized organs called gills, or directly through your
skin.
Waves and currents: the sea constantly undergoes changes in tides and
currents caused by wind or the lunar attraction. So aquatic animals have had to
adapt to support the changes. Sea anemones have a basal disc that holds them
and avoid that they are displaced by currents, although there are some anemones
and jellyfish that swim freely and are constantly dragged. Fish, whales and
pinnipeds have fins or flukes which help them to be encouraged. The animals that
live near the coast or reefs, which undergo large changes of currents, are adapted
to grow horizontally instead of vertically (such as corals) or have a carapace that
close during the low tide and open in high to feed themselves (like mussels or
barnacles). Close their shells allows to retain water to prevent drying.
Temperature: The animals must adapt to the temperature of the water. The
Antarctic fish maintain their light blood to not consume much energy and possess a
natural antifreeze. This thank you succeed they have pale blood (do not have
hemoglobin or red blood cells). Other fish have scales or swim bladders to
maintain the temperature. Its skeleton is composed of cartilage, allowing them to
be lighter and expend less energy and stored fat to modify its temperature to
pleasure as the whales, though most mammals that live in the water possess this
characteristic.
STRUCTURE
Aquatic respiration also called branchial respiration, is the action performed by the
aquatic animals as a means to absorb the dissolved oxygen (O2) what's in the
water (H2O). These are absorbed by small slots overlays, mostly located at the left
and right ends, behind the eyes of animals, called gills.
The water enters through the mouth and circulates through the gills where oxygen
is absorbed, passes into the blood and is transported throughout the body where a
cellular respiration occurs.