__---camp cross

. ~r
. flang
.......
6-----1
6-----
1
----~z.

-,\-z.
f8i
diaphragms
. ~~.- ...

,I/.
. ~ .A
brace
i3 : [I
a) relative b) discrete

,,
I me~k~ I ,,
,
,,
,,
",
/A
"---'
i

""d
glr er ,
,,
,,
,, a
;

-: ...

siding attached
to columns
column



F~ 1?-
A B d) lean-on
c) continuous

Figure 1 Types of Bracing Systems

during construction. A beam or column that relies on adjacent structural members

for support is braced in a lean-on system. Structural members that are tied or
linked together such that buckling of the member would require adjacent members
to buckle with the same lateral displacement characterize lean-on systems as
shown in Figure ld. In the sway mode Member A leans on Member B.

An adequate brace system requires both strength and stiffuess. A simple

brace design formulation such as designing the brace for 2% of the member com-
pressive force addresses only the strength criterion. Brace connections, if they are
flexible, can have a very detrimental effect on stiffness as will be illustrated later.
Before presenting the various bracing recommendations, some background mate-
rial on the importance of initial out-
of-straightness and member inelas- No sideswa~= 0.7
ticity on bracing effects will be dis- 2

cussed.

Limitations. The brace re-

quirements presented will enable a
member to reach the Euler buckling
load between the brace points, i. e., O~
--~L---~--~~--~-- ______~
0123456
use K = 1.0. This is not the same
i Brace Design PLI ~
as the no-sway buckling load as
illustrated in Figure 2 for the Figure 2 Braced Cantilever

2 YURA