1/16/2017 Mrunal[Aptitude]TimenDistance:Earlyandlatetooffice(shortcutusingproductconsistencymethod)forSSC,IBPS,CSAT,CAT,CMATMrunal

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[Aptitude]TimenDistance:Earlyandlatetooffice
(shortcutusingproductconsistencymethod)forSSC,IBPS,
CSAT,CAT,CMAT
PostedBySupportStaffOn24/01/2013@9:00pmInAptitude|47Comments

Case:EarlyLate
Approach#1:Productconsistency
Approach#2(STDTable)
Case#2:Tappusschool
Approach#1:Productconsistency
Approach#2(STDTable)
Case:Pinkuscollege(totaltimegiven)
MockQuestions
Answerandexplanation
Beforeproceedingfurther,makesureyourconceptregardingproductconsistencymethodIsclear.
Ifnot,thengothroughmypreviousarticleclickme

Case:EarlyLate
Jethalalgoestoshopatthespeed30km/h,andhereachessixminutesearly.Nextdayhegoesat
thespeedof24km/h,andhereachesfiveminuteslate.Findthedistancebetweenhishomeand
shop.
Thiscanbesolvedwithanyofthetwoapproaches

Approach#1:Productconsistency
Approach#2:STDtable.
Approach#1:Productconsistency
Letmerephrasethequestion:
Priceofsugarisincreasedfrom24perkgto30perkgandnowJethalalisbuying11/60kilograms
sugarless(inthesamebudget).Whatwashisoriginalconsumption?

DoesitringanybellwithprevioussumsofproductConsistency?Yep,thatsourapproach.
Preparethistable,pluginthespeedvaluesinascendingorder

Slowspeed Fastspeed
Speedkm/h 24 30
Ratioreversed(Time)
Whatisthetimedifferencebetweenthesetwocases?
supposeonregularspeed,Jethalalusedtoreachoffice@10AM
onslowspeed,heis5minuteslate=10.05AM

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onfastspeedheis6minutesearly=09.54minutes
sothetimedifferencebetweenslowspeedandfastspeed=11minutes.
intheexam,justaddthetwominutesgiventoyou(6+5)=11andsincespeedisgiveninkm/h,
wevetoconvert11minutesintohours=11/60hours.

Slowspeed Fastspeed
Speedkm/h 24 30
Ratioreversed(Time)
Nowapplytheproductconsistencymethod:
Takeratioof24/30
=(6x4)/(6x5)
=4/5
Reverseit.=5/4.Updatethetable

Slowspeed Fastspeed
Speedkm/h 24 30
Ratioreversed(Time) 5 4
So,whenspeedisincreased,whatisthedecreaseintime?
5to4
=(54)/5x100
=20%(orjustkeepitinfractionformof1/5)
Meaningnewtimeis20%lessthantime.
supposeduringslowspeed,hetookMtime.
TheninfastspeedhelltakeMminus20%ofMtime.
Thatmeansdifferencebetweentwosituationsis20%ofm
butwevealreadyinferredthattimedifferencebetweentwosituationsis11/60hours
therefore20%ofm=11/60
orinotherwords
1/5xm=11/60
M=115/60
M=11/12hours.
Thisisthetimehetakesduringslowspeed,toreachhisdestination
NowjustapplySTDformula
(slow)Speedxtime=distance
24x11/12=distance
Hencedistance=22kms.
ThistechniquelooksoddbutItisveryfastonceyoupractice.

Thoughtprocessintheexam
Youdontevenneedtodrawtable.Justthinkinyourhead,speedisdecreasedfrom24to30so
reverseratiois30/24=5/4
Andhencedecreasefrom5to4is(54)/5=1/5.

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Itmeans1/5thof(slow)time=(6+5)/60
Hencetime=11x5/60
Hencedistance=justmultipletimewithslowspeed
=11x5x(24)/60
=22km.
NowletstrysolvingIt,usingthe

Approach#2(STDTable)
Case1 Case2
Speed 24 30
Time ? ?
Distance D D
Wevessumedthatinbothcases,hehastocoversamedistanceDkms.
ApplySTDformulaincolumn1(case1)
Speedxtime=distance
Thereforetime=distance/speed=D/24
Similarlyforcase2,wegettime=D/30
Updatetable

Case1 Case2
Speed 24 30
Time D/24 D/30
Distance D D
Fromthequestion,wecaninferthattimedifferencebetweentwocasesis(6+5=11minutes
=11/60hours)
Therefore
D/24D/30=11/60
SimplifythisequationandyougetD=22kms.
Pleasenote:inthefractions,D/24is>greaterthan>D/30
ThatswhyIdidD/24D/30=11/60
Letstrysecondquestionwithbothmethods

Case#2:Tappusschool
Tappuwalksfromhometoschool@5kmphandreaches15minutesearly.Aftertheschoolisover,
hewalksbackfromschooltohome@3kmphandreaches9minuteslate.Finddistancebetweenhis
homeandschool.

Approach#1:Productconsistency
Thequestionistalkingabouttwotimes:15minutesearlyand9minuteslate.
Thereforetotaltimedifferencebetweentwosituation=15+9=24minutes=24/60hrs.

Slowspeed Fastspeed
Speedkm/h 3 5
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Ratioreversed(Time) 5 3
Whatisthepercentagedecreaseintime?
(53)/5
=2/5(=40%decrease)
Thatsit.Iftimetakenduringslowspeed=m
Then2/5thofm=24/60hours(thetimedifferencebetweentwocases)
HenceM=1hour(=timetakenduringslowspeed)
Nowspeedxtime=distance
3(slowspeed)x1=distance
ThereforedistancebetweenTappusschoolandhomeis3kms.

Approach#2(STDTable)
Slowspeed Fastspeed
Speedkm/h 3 5
Time ?? ??
Distance D D
ApplySTDformulaineachcolumnyouget
Speedxtime=distance
Time=distance/speed
Time=D/3infirstcaseandD/5insecondcaseupdatetable

Slowspeed Fastspeed
Speedkm/h 3 5
Time D/3 D/5
Distance D D
Thetimedifferencebetweentwosituationsis(15+9)=24minutes=24/60hours
Therefore
D/3D/5=24/60
SolvethisequationandyougetD=3kms
MeaningdistancebetweenTappusschoolandhomeis3kms
Nowletstryabitcomplicatedcase

Case:Pinkuscollege(totaltimegiven)
Pinkugoestocollege@speedof3kmphandreturnsback@2kmph.Hespendstotal5hoursin
walking.Whatisthedistancebetweenhishomeandcollege?
Slowspeed,fastspeed=2and3kmrespectively.

Slowspeed Fastspeed
Speedkm/h 2 3
Ratioreversed(Time) 3 2
Whatisthedecrease%intime?(32)/3=1/3(=33.33%)
ItmeansifPinkutakeMhoursduringslowspeed.

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HedtakeMminus33.33%ofMhoursduringfastspeed.
Therefore,totaltime(takentogotocollegeandcomeback)
=m+m33.33%ofm
=2mm/3(because33.33%=1/3)
=(6mm)/3
=5m/3
Andweknowthattotaltimeis5hours
therefore5m/3=5hours
hencem=3hours.(timetakenduringslowspeed)
ApplySTD
Speedxtime=distance
2(slowspeed)x3(time)=distance
Hencedistance=6km

Thoughtprocessintheexam
Speedincreasedfrom2to3,thereforereverseratiois3/2and%decreaseintimeis1/3.
PinkusTotaltimeisgiven5hours,therefore
M+m(1/5)m=5hours.Solveitandmultiplewithslowspeed,youllgetthedistance.

MockQuestions
Gogiwalksfromhometoschool@2.5kmphandheis6minuteslate.Nextdayheincreasesspeed
by1kmphandreaches6minutesearly.Finddistancebetweenhomeandschool?
Sonuwalks@6kmphandlatetocollegeby5minutes.Ifshewalks@5kmph,sheislateby30
minutes.Findtotaldistance.(pleasenote:sincesheslateinbothcasesthetimedifferenceis30
5=25minutes.restapproachissame)
Answerandexplanation
1.Gogischool
Questionistalkingabouttwospeeds:2.5and(2.5+1.0)=3.5kmphs

Slowspeed Fastspeed
Speedkm/h 2.5 3.5
Ratioreversed(Time) 7 5
Whatsthedecreaseintime%
From7to5,
=(75)/7
=2/7
Supposeduringslowspeedcase,Gogitakesmhourstoreachschool.
Infastcase,helldoitinlesstime=m2/7ofm.
butfromquestion,wealreadyknowthattimedifferencebetweentwocases=6+6=12
minutes=12/60hrs
itmeans2/7ofm=12/60hours
thereforem=7/10hours:Thisisthetimetakenduringslowspeed.
Multiplyitwithslowspeedandyoullgetthedistance.
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Distance
=7/10x2.5
=7/4kms.

2.Sonucollege
Slowspeed Fastspeed
Speedkm/h 5 6
Ratioreversed(Time) 6 5
So%decreaseintime
=(65)/6
=1/6
Therefore1/6ofslowtime(m)=25/60hrs.
M=25x6/60hrs
Multiplyitwithslowspeed(5)andyougetdistance
Distance
=speedxtime
=5x25x6/60
=25/2
=12.5kmdistancebetweenhomeandcollege.

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