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DRAFT V2.1
DRAFT v2.1
4 Doubling Income by Connecting People, Goods, Services, and Capital
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
Governments and NGOs are unable to increase income for the urban poor
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PAUL MASON
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1.3 Billion
2 Billion
4 Billion
CONNECTED PEOPLE:
ZHAN YOUBING
MA3ROUTE
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CONNECTED SERVICES:
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CONNECTED GOODS:
SARITHA RAI
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Daily Life
Inside a Slum
Simultaneously, city borders continue to expand, creating
mega cities across the developed and emerging markets.
War and displacement have led to the largest global refugee
base of all time. This mega workforce however is sidelined
and pulling the global economy down even though many are
educated and have the skills, training and physical ability to
produce economic output.
To avoid fights over water in our area, three boys organize everything.
Yashawant Jadhav gave 150 taps in all but each area got one or two.
Sophia Zubair Road (pavement settlement) has one, Dimtimkar has
two, Peer Khan has five or six. There was a big fight at the tap on the
corner and people began to beat each other. The municipality person
took away a hose pipe and a couple of handaas. The boys rushed to
Yashawant Jadhav who sorted out the problem. Since then the boys
have supervised things.
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They wait for the cover of darkness. We even eat less so that we do not
need to relieve ourselves during the daytime because we do not have
proper toilets. Now some toilets are being built here. We tried to get our
MLA(member of the provincial Legislative Assembly) and the local
coun- cillor to build toilets for us, but they said they did not have funds.
We went to Apanalaya (an NGO) who told us to go to SPARC. And now
SPARC is building these toilets.
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Urbanization is continuing
to drive people all over the
world into crowded spaces
I have nothing
REFUGEE ACTION
70
Population (B)
Urban(%)
2005 2015 2025
0 0
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MEGACITIES:
POPULATION
CITY COUNTRY
(ESTIMATES)
SLUMS:
REFUGEE CAMPS:
POPULATION
SLUM ADJACENT CITY
(ESTIMATES)
FLEEING POPULATION
CAMP
MOSTLY FROM (ESTIMATES)
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The volume of construction materials that Access to land within 300 meters from
entered Gaza via underground tunnels the fence surrounding Gaza is generally
in 2013 was over 3x the amount allowed prohibited and access to farming areas
through the crossing. beyond is risky.
Power outages (up to 12hrs/ day) and Fishermen are allowed to access less than
external trade restrictions discourage one third of the fishing areas allocated to
investment, prevent sustainable growth, and them under the Oslo Accords: six out of 20
perpetuate high levels of unemployment nautical miles.
(34% of able and willing) and food insecurity
(57% of households)
Entrepreneurial Opportunities
in Rio de Janeiro
government to provide employment. Former fisherman and musician David Vieira
Between 2008 and 2009, there were Bispo, a resident in the Chapu Mangueira slum
community in Leme, had taken the name of the
14,057 entrepreneurial ventures in community to other regions of the country and
the Rochina and Maguinhos slum even abroad. About two and a half years ago, he
communities of Rio, but only 1,083 decided to open a pub with his name.
Rio De Janeiro has an (7%) operated in the formal sector. The We were the first pub in the slum community
estimated population 6.35 other 93% of ventures operated in the to compete for prizes of gastronomy, he says
unregulated, informal economy. proudlythe appetizers won prizes. Today, I
million, making it the second recognize myself as an entrepreneur. Davids
Pub creates jobs. The slum is no longer the ugly
largest city in Brazil, third Local police, called Pacifying Police duckling of the city. People feel that this is an area
largest metro area in South Units (UPPs), have been brought in society has reclaimed.
to improve security in 28 of Rios
America, and 6th largest in slums. The results have led to a 75% Rio is attracting large foreign direct investment
(US$ Million)
the Americas. decrease in the number of violent 7000
deaths, a 15% increase in property Brazil
The city has a population density of prices between 2006 and 2011 Rio City
5000
12,380 people per square mile. Almost attributed to these units, and an
one in four people 1.4 million in total increase in the revenues of business
live in urban slums (up from 13% in located in the slum communities.
1970s). Although per capita income These sorts of interventions attract
has doubled since 2000, many entering direct foreign investment and make the
the labor markets are illiterate, making area more enticing for entrepreneurs 0
it challenging for businesses and the and local businesses.
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CONNECTED SERVICES:
productivity
Indonesia Mexico
93.2 Million Urban Poor 49.7 Million Urban Poor
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OPPORTUNITY
Demand Pull
SERVICES
CONNECTED SERVICES:
JOBS
DESPERATION
Supply Push
FAMINE
WAR
MICHAEL MURPHY
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Fairchild 8:
The Economic
Opportunity Cluster
Our hope is to empower 10 million additional, or greater principal sources
crowded urban space dwellers to break of income, allowing them to more
the cycle of poverty through finding new rapidly scale out of poverty. Beyond
and innovative ways to connect them with the individual entrepreneur and his
not only the basic necessities of human family, research has shown that a
life, but also with the opportunities which single successful entity in one area can Aires Tech Sector, where a few key
enable them to take ownership of their effectively spawn an entire village of startups lead to an entire ecosystem to
own destinies. These opportunities may entrepreneurs and startups. emerge, the role of entrepreneurship and
exist locally and are in need of scale or innovation is fundamental. It only takes
may need to be conceived from scratch In fact, research conducted in 2014 by one idea to build a valley - to date, 92
as micro-enterprise startups. One thing Endeavour shows that the some of the public companies, totaling over US$2.1
we know is that solutions need to be bold greatest entrepreneurial ecosystems Trillion in value can be tracked back to
and challenge previous decades of ideas of today were in fact started by one Fairchild.
and programs which dont seem to be successful company (or a few), which
of the right size or scale, and have yet to then served to launch a wave of startups. The concept of economic opportunity
unlock the ability to break poverty. Whether examining Silicon Valleys clusters created around one or a few
growth in relation to the original founders successful entities can be applied to
Increasing incomes through of Fairchild Semiconductors, the crowded urban spaes, turning a otherwise
entrepreneurship is a viable supply- Traitorous 8 alone led to the spinoff of depressed village into a work force that
side tool to provide crowded urban 31 firms in just 12 years or the amazing drives economic empowerment and
space dwellers with access to alternate, interconnectedness of the Buenos inclusive economic growth engine.
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MARCO KAMIYA
AND JON-ANDREAS SOLBERG
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PROFIT
MINDED
MARKET IMPACT
DRIVEN CENTERED
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However, building
successful social
enterprises in crowded
PLAYPUMPS: TROUBLED
WATER
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CONNECTING CAPITAL:
CONNECTING PEOPLE:
CONNECTING GOODS:
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Guiding Questions
More Income
Better Outcomes
More Empowering
Better Connectivity
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Addendum:
Building successful
social enterprises
Companies who are able to think broadly and holistically about
the entire business innovation value chain are more likely to be
able to capture and create value. Social enterprises developed
for the Hult Prize, like Aspire Food Group, Nanohealth, and
IMPCT.co, have worked across these segments to design and
do the same?
DEVELOP STRONG
CHANNELS
BUILD ENTERPRISES
WITH LOCAL PARTS AND UNDERSTAND YOUR
KNOWLEDGE CONSUMERS
CREATE VALUE
CONNECT PEOPLE,
GOODS, SERVICES, AND
CAPITAL
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Almost 1 billion people worldwide lack value chain from beginning to end. They nutritious option. The United Nations
food security. They struggle to provide train and empower entrepreneurs to has recognized Aspire as providing a
enough safe and nutritious food to their be able to farm their own insects, feed viable potential solution to the global
families. Every day, they work hard their families, and increase their income. food crisis. Many residents of slums in
to pull together the best meals they Aspire empowers entrepreneurs and Ghana, for instance, a pilot location for
can, but over time, malnutrition has a employs thousands of individuals Aspire Foods Group, suffer from severe
significant effect on quality of life and who would otherwise not have a iron deficiencies (70% of pregnant
health. In addition, as people continue job. Whether an injured retiree or an women). 100 grams of Palm Weevil
to move from rural to urban areas, they adolescent struggling to make ends Larvae, a key product of the company,
find that they dont have adequate skills meet, Aspire provides both with more has the daily recommended intake of
to find work, and are pushed into slums. than ten times the income by better Iron.
connecting know-how, entrepreneurs,
Aspire Food Group utilizes an innovative consumers, and nutritious food. Aspire has spawned an entirely new
solution to create more nutritious industry poised to rapidly scale around
insect-based food options, more than Insects need ten times less feed than the world and have significant impact
double income for small entrepreneurs, cattle to produce the same amount of on the lives of people living in urban
and create a more sustainable food protein and are thus a cost effective, slums.
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NanoHealth:
Creating Value by
Providing Sufficient Income
IMPCT:
Creating Value by Enabling Existing Entrepreneurs
Millions of children in urban slums are hopes to enable more parents to Playcare, on the other hand, pays a
currently sitting idle in unsafe informal work while their children receive high salary and profit share that averages
daycare centers run by existing quality early education. By identifying $220 per month. IMPCTs first teacher
entrepreneurs who have no training or talented existing entrepreneurs and Alma, for example, went from making
adequate resources. Parents are willing providing them with the capital (donors), $80 with her informal daycare to $300 in
to pay almost 20% of their monthly know-how (Training), and curriculum her first month running her Playcare
income to these informal daycares (Montessori) to build and run a
in order to be able to work. In Latin successful daycare with more students, IMPCT has already reached more
America alone, there are an 200,000 IMPCT allows these young mostly than 9m people with hundreds of
such informal daycares with on average female entrepreneurs to double or triple major media appearances across
4 kids each charging $2 / day which their previous income, while better three continents. They have convinced
means that $1.6m are spent every day connecting children and parents to high 50 companies representing 65,000
on childcare services. quality, dependable, and safe daycare employees to develop matched
services. On average, mothers earn investment programs on their platform,
By scaling up the quality and capacity between $80-120 per month with their and engaged 750 donors from 45
of these informal structures, IMPCT informal daycares. Owning an IMPCT countries to build their first playcare.
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AHMAD ASHKAR
KARIM SAMRA
KRISTEN TYRRELL
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
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