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: 8 LiveCD LXFDVD
Sabayon Fedora SLAX
LXF 2008
Gentoo DSL Puppy
: Minix 3!
10 (110)
Linux
25
2008 10 (110)
25
Python
LaTeX
Linux-
, ,
LiveCD
!
Minix 3
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. 36
LaTeX !
WYSIWYG , , Python
! . 78 ? . 74 BitTorrent . 64
,
. XenSource . 24
Linux
,
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OOo, - 20
, - . -
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. -
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. .
25
- 25 Linux. ,
, Linux
.
OpenOffice.org . ,
Renault Clio -
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-
, ,
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.
, LXF
,
.
. ,
, Vi Windows. ,
-
, . , , , Internet Explorer
, . Microsoft? Outlook ?
. -
!
? ...
!
Windows, Mac OS X, ,
. :
,
,
. MS Paint... LXF
AbiWord . > > Vim
Gnumeric, - , -
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. ).
info@linuxformat.ru
: letters@linuxformat.ru
- : subscribe@linuxformat.ru
: answers@linuxformat.ru
: disks@linuxformat.ru
Open Source
: info@linuxformat.ru
Web-: www.linuxformat.ru
: , -, . 50 . 15
: (812) 640-49-90. .128
: !
Firefox 3 ....................................10
25
, ,
.
Zonbu OS ...................................12
, . ,
. 28
, .
Linutop 2....................................15
- -
.
:
Live CD
Vuze ............................................................ 62
Open Source City ............................. 44
... BitTorrent.
, !
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Minix 3 ............................................. 48
?
, GIMP
? ......................................... 70
,
. ,
........................ 54 ASCII-art ?
, Python
................................ 74
. (,
),
.
Hardcore Linux
LaTeX ............................................................... 78
WYSIWYG
?
!
! KDE 4
........................................ 84
( )
,
Plasma ,
.
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.............................. 88
, ?
:
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..............................04 Linux Format .....58 .
Linux. (Sun/MySQL). CMake
.......................................... 92
Distrowatch.........................22 LXF .......................100 ,
Gentoo 2008.0, Sabayon 3.5 Mandriva . ,
2009 .
.
.............................106
Linux Format .....24 Ethernet,
(XenSource). ISO- LXFDVD, ............................... 96
,
..................26 ! ( ),
DVD. .
NanoBox .
HotPicks ........................... 114 KDE4, , ,
.....................52 Open Source. . .
FPGA:
, Linux Format............120
. , !
.........54 ....................128
, ... .
.
Linux
Openmoko Debian -
Debian GNU/Linux
Neo Freerunner.
Lenny Debian
GNU/Linux. Squeeze -
34.11-94.
.
KDE 3.5.10 -
KDE4 KDE 4.1.1.
Bell Labs .
,
Alcatel-Lucent.
Chrome:
Google .
?
web-.
Chrome.
-
Windows.
Mac OS Linux [ -
,
Google Chrome. ,
.
- Google -
. , Chrome
, CodeWeavers - JavaScript V8,
Chrome Linux Wine, -
, Picasa. SunSpider, ,
Linux Mac OS X (
]. ) Firefox.
-
Apple WebKit Mozilla Firefox. Chrome -
Chrome , - ,
BSD www.chromium.org. Google - ,
- .
, Google , Chrome
, ,
, ,
, - .
, , - -
, , , - .
, ,
, , .
. , -
[Rebecca Ward], -
Chrome, : , , ,
11 - .
CANONICAL
Linux Foundation
17
2008 linux-foundation. Canonical Canonical,
org - [Matt Zimmerman] : Linux Foundation Linux .
Canonical Linux ,
Foundation. Linux . [Mark Shuttleworth] ,
, Canonical Linux Foundation - Xorg, OpenGL, GTK,
GNU/ . GNOME, Qt KDE. Canonical
Linux Ubuntu, Bazaar, [Jim Zemlin], - GUI Linux , Mac
Storm Upstart. : Canonical - OS X , -
Linux Foundation . - Linux ,
, GNU/ , , Canonical, -
Linux, , . - Ubuntu .
[Linus Torvalds].
Ubuntu
Linux Foundation, Linux Standard
Base, Desktop Architects Driver Backporting.
.
Java FreeBSD
F
reeBSD Foundation , FreeBSD Microsoft,
Java JDK JRE 6.0 Foundation (http://www.freebsdfoundation.org/ Fujitsu, Google, IBM Red Hat.
FreeBSD 6.x and 7.x downloads/java.shtml). ,
- , - ,
Sun Microsystems. , Sun -
JDK JRE 6.0 FreeBSD - Sun
. i386 amd64 . .
OOXML
(ISO) ,
, ,
ISO IEC.
, -
Microsoft
Office Open XML (OOXML)
ISO.
, -
, , ,
, ,
ISO.
ISO:
.
, ISO
IEC
.
VirtualLogix - -
VLX - , VLX for MIDs
- . -
(MID). VLX for MIDs - - , -
: .
Intel Atom Z5xx. Linux
VirtualLogix, Windows; -
- ,
, ; .
- - VLX
. - . for MIDs .
mass
storage,
. ...
Firefox 3 . 10
10 Firefox 3
Xfce: ? ! LXF
web-.
:
-
? ?
12 Zonbu Desktop
? -
,
,
,
Zonbu, ,
,
.
.
:
? Ubuntu -
, : - 13 Stellar Phoenix .
, - , ,
( ,
). , ? Windows!
( ,
Zonbu . 12
-
Linux.
, -
?), - 14 IBM Symphony
-
. , .
, .
, : Lotus 1-2-3.
- 15 Linutop 2
? , - Linux-
: Xfce.
1 . Zonbu:
... .
, .
-
? . -
, :
-
, Top Stuff. -
. - - -
- (10 -
(attila forum. , 0 ). Google Earth
, - . : Google
posix.ru, , : http://earth.google.com
). :
, ,
10/10
,
9/10
, - 9/10
.
Xfce 4.6, - 9/10
. -
, - , Google
. , - , , Earth . ,
alv@posix.ru - .
. Autopackage,
. 9/10
Firefox 3
Firefox 3.0 , ?
,
Firefox 3.
, Mozilla,
Firefox , -
: ?
, -
Firefox 3 -
. , Ubuntu 8.04
? . OpenSUSE 11.0, -
: Konqueror -
Opera. .
DVD
http://getfirefox.com/
releases, tar-
, . -
, , , : -
? , 2.1,
3.0. : -
, , -
?
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,
, : Delicious,
- , , .
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.
Windows-, .
- , Firefox - (), -
. , - -
,
.
. - , -
. , -
.
. -
. - , , ( -
- - ). -
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- , -
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, , Konqueror? .
, Firefox
Konqueror - Delicious (-
, . ). Delicious,
Firefox
. .
, -
. .
Firefox ( ) . , cookies,
( ,
, . , ,
. .) .
- Firefox
, -
. , Firefox 3 2. - Firefox
( -
) , VMware,
. . -
(Firefox 2) , - Ubuntu 7.10
Firefox 3, - (Firefox 2.0.16),
. , Hardy Heron (Firefox 3).
, -
, Acid2 www.webstandards.
. org/files/acid2/test.html,
- -
. HTML.
-
- -
. ,
. Firefox 3
- -
Firefox 2, , , - -
. Firefox 2. Firefox 3
-, 90% ,
Firefox 2 Firefox 3. Firefox 3 24 -
- (, Konqueror , Mozilla . ,
API ( - Microsoft , -
, ), , , Firefox, .
). Firefox 2 -
Firefox 3, - . -
, ,
, , HTML , ,
. - ,
, , . . ,
- , - , . -
, (- ,
). . Firefox 3.
Mozilla , Firefox 3 -
- ? ,
, JavaScript. - Firefox 3 - -
Google Mail, ? , .
- . , Firefox, .
.
, Firefox 2.0.0.16. , - Firefox 2 ,
( , : - . LXF
Google Mail - Firefox, -
), . Commodore 64.
JavaScript CSS
JavaScript Web 2.0
( Gmail ,
JavaScript , Firefox 3.0.1
). : Mozilla
http://webkit. : www.mozilla.com/firefox
org/perf/sunspider-0.9/sunspider.html. : Mozilla Public Licence
JavaScript - 9/10
, . 10/10
( - 10/10
12-!). 9/10
CSS www.howtocreate.co.uk/
csstest.html
. Firefox 3 ( .
Firefox 3
356 1624 Firefox 2).
, .
-
. .
10/10
Zonbu OS
Linux- , , ,
( , ).
C
loud computing ( -
, LXF108) ,
Zonbu .
Zonbu , 99--
, ,
-.
.
, -
. Zonbu, -,
.
.
Zonbu Live DVD , -
. : Ulteo.
.
Zonbu ( ), -
Live- -
.
Xfce, -
-
. -
-
, -
Evolution 2.22.1 , - Zonbu : , , ,
Gimp 2.4.5 - CD/DVD.
Google Earth . -
4.3.7.204.0836
Zonbu , , - , , Zonbu
2.6.24.4
, . -
Firefox 3.0
OpenOffice.org
, , - .
2.4.1 Bluetooth. - . : , -
Pidgin IM 2.3.1 , Linux, ( Reset Centre). ,
Xfce 4.4.2 Zonbu.
Zonbu , - ! .
, , -
. root . . ?
, Live- - -, - ?
. , Zonbu! LXF
, sudo -s .
- FAQ Zonbu , -
, ,
-
Portage Gentoo.
root-
, Zonbu -
. Xfce 4 Zonbu OS 2008-05.1445
Windows, : Zonbu PConRails LLC
: www.zonbu.com
: , -, : GPL
, - 8/10
, - 9/10
, . 10/10
Zonbu . 7/10
, Linux-
Reset Centre
Reset Centre ( , , . ;
, ) Zonbu, - , .
.
GLtron. -
Pentium III 512- 8/10
Nvidia 5900.
Stellar Phoenix 3
DVD
:
!
- Stellar
Phoenix Linux Recovery 3.0 1
,
, . Phoenix ( )
Microsoft Windows , ,
Windows, -
, .
, -
ext2/3 Linux-: -
Reiser.
, -
,
MagicRescue, Linux. ,
E2undel Windows? . ,
recover. , ?
,
. -
Live CD
. ,
Linux Windows, -
Stellar Phoenix , .
: Phoenix.
.
Phoenix - , ! -
Linux ext2, - , Phoenix
ext3 ReiserFS, . .
. - . , Phoenix
. - , Windows-,
, , Phoenix - Windows- .
. , :
- . ext2, ext3 ReiserFS,
, . - -
- . Linux. - , -
. - . LXF
, ,
, -.
: - . Standard Scan -
-
.
30-
10 . Advanced Scan
(12 ),
.
,
Stellar Phoenix Linux
Recovery 3.0
. , Deleted
: Stellar Information Systems
File Recovery : www.stellarinfo.com
- : $79
. Phoenix - 5/10
( 7/10
). 6/10
, - 3/10
,
,
Phoenix Linux. ,
, OpenOffice.org . , -.
. , -
.
.
-
5/10
2008 Linux Format 13
I
BM Lotus Symphony ,
-
- .
IBM : -,
Symphony ,
ODF;
IT-.
. : -, -
OpenOffice.org 2.4, Microsoft
StarOffice Sun Office.
KOffice. Symphony ,
:
. OpenOffice.org
,
Eclipse. -
OpenOffice.org Java/Eclipse
Linux, Windows.
Linux-
SLED 10 RHEL 5, -
750 512
. OpenSUSE
Symphony -
10.2.
.
-
. :
: ,
, OpenOffice.org .
2 12 ; , , - OpenOffice.org. IBM
. . OpenOffice.org, Symphony , , .
- , - ,
: - , . ,
, - Symphony
, , - OpenOffice. . LXF
. Symphony, - org, -
, : IBM Productivity Tools
do not support this file format (,
). ,
OpenOffice.org -
,
. -
OpenOffice.org 52000 , IBM Lotus Symphony V 1.0
. : IBM
: http://symphony.lotus.com/software/
lotus/symphony/home.jspa
- : ,
:
- 3/10
. 3/10
, Sum []. 7/10
Lotus 1-2-3 IBM - 7/10
Symphony , - : Euro Converter. - ,
IBM, Symphony (, . Lotus Notes,
, Lotus 1-2-3. .
), OOo.
. .
. -
5/10
14 Linux Format 2008
Linutop 2
1 ,
.
L
inutop 1.0
LXF101.
Xubuntu, -
-
-
.
AMD Geode 700,
-
Linux. . VGA- ,
PS2 USB -
EPIA Zunbu. .
, USB-
.
: AMD ,
Geode LX800
: 512 - -.
: Linutop 2 -
- . -
, 1 . reset , Linutop PC.
Linutop, LCD-
. 512 , - Xubuntu USB-,
: Linutop 2 1 , .
, - -
. . Xubuntu 8.04, - , Linutop
- Linutop. SlimServer,
-PC, PC. , Firefox 3.0, OpenOffice. MediaTomb VNC.
. org 2.4 VLC . : Linutop -
. , ,
Geode 800, - , .
Intel PIII 2
800 . , - . LXF
.
- -:
, Linutop, - , ,
, , -
. ,
. GUI
Windows-.
-
,
Linutop 2
1920 x 1440!
: Linutop
. - : www.linutop.com
USB-, : 280.00
. 8/10
9/10
, Geode x86- 9/10
, , 8/10
Ubuntu. -
:
.
, , - .
-. . -
(
-).
Ethernet.
-
,
9/10
: -
DVD
Live CD
Live-
Fedora, Sabayon,
Slax,
Puppy, DSL Ub
untu
Live CD 2008
Linux, .
-
, -
D1 D2. D1 -
Linux, -
AMD 64 3800+, 4 -
Asus A8N-VM-CSM
SATA CD/DVD.
D2 Windows-
900- AMD Duron, 256
, EIDE, /-
Epson Stylus DX5000, CD-ROM
CD, 17--
-
ADSL- USB (Gateway W2+ Pirelli
Broadband Solutions).
-
Lumix DMC-FX35 USB-
.
web- - - Live CD -
- : ,
: - . ,
Damn Small Live CD? , , , .., ,
Linux c. 17 ,
Fedora c. 19 - . 2008 32- x86- .
Mandriva c. 19 - , , -
OpenSUSE c. 20
. - . , , , -
Puppy Linux c. 17
LXF, Knoppix
Sabayon c. 18
. PCLinuxOS . -
Slax c. 18
, . . Live CD -
Ubuntu c. 20
, DVD? . , ,
, CD, DVD USB-Live- ,
. - , CD-ROM
, , -
, . . .
Puppy Linux
.
P
uppy [. ] Linux
, Puppy Linux
. ,
, -
- .
. Fotox,
, 256 . Gtkam, Xsane
- Inklite, SeaMonkey
. Sylpheed . Puppy , DSL,
FVWM95 - Osmo .
Rox - , Gnumeric, AbiWord HomeBank
Start Here .
[ ] . Gtkam ,
, , , Pmount
- USB-.
Puppy. -
CUPS, .
. 5 , ADSL-
, , D2, IP Puppy Linux
! DNS : 4.0-k2.6.21.7-seamonkey
: www.puppylinux.com
, D1 . -
: (open source)
Ctrl+Alt+Backspace, Puppy Flash YouTube,
. - MPEG WMV
;
FAT/NTFS Linux Xine. , Pburn , KDE Gnome.
USB-, CD, DVD Blu-Ray ,
.
. 7/10
2008 Linux Format 17
Live CD
Slax
, ?
Sabayon
,
.
- Linux: Sabayon
Gentoo, - . , CD
. . , Privoxy -
-
: 128
DDC; Tor. , Privoxy
(- ,
512 ) , - ,
OpenGL. Tor, .
, Xfce Sabayon ,
Eee PC - IP-, Compiz 3D-.
. - , .
Safe [] Xsistence;
, USB- -
USB-, - .
15 . , -
web- CUPS.
Sabayon
, Memtest , - : 3.5 Pod, x86
Genuine, - Sabayon : www.sabayonlinux.org
: (open source)
. -
, . OOo
Sabayon
, : D2,
,
3D-, - .
. , . D1 Sabayon
- Compiz -
LiveCD- USB- (Beryl Metisse ).
7/10
18 Linux Format 2008
Live CD
Fedora
, Fedora?
: Fedora OpenOffice.
, org.
- , D1,
. ,
, - - HPIJS.
Live CD. ,
CD, , -
; (GPK)
. , Yum, - , Fedora
D1 : . , CD .
. D2, 10-- , .
, Fedora -
CD. ,
D1 Firefox: USB
, - . CD
. : ,
Fedora
, Evolution - Fedora 9, , -
: 9-i686
IMAP-? -. : http://fedoraproject.org
- : (open source)
, : Fedora :
Firefox 3 beta 5, Evolution, Pidgin, Transmission
BitTorrent, GIMP, Audio CD Extractor, Totem
CD,
.
, PulseAudio Rythmbox ,
. -
.
5/10
AbiWord, Evolution Gnumeric,
Mandriva
, Mandriva
.
, -
Mandriva, , .
Welcome - ps xauw, -
, . - ,
(- CPU, D1 . , Flash-
), -. , YouTube, ,
KDE, KMail
Amarok, Kontact, Kaffeine, Konqueror IMAP . Mandriva
TransKode. OpenOffice.org, D2 USB- Linux, !
Firefox GIMP. , , ,
USB- . -
Mandriva
DigiKam KDE -
- CD
CUPS Sane,
- MP3 Amarok Mandriva
: CD K3b. -
: Mandriva Linux One, 2008 Spring,
Panasonic FZ20 ( FX35) - , Mandriva KDE International
. , : www.mandriva.com
D2 Mandriva . : (open source)
Windows, -
Mandriva
.
- , D1
Mandriva ,
.
DHCP, IP-,
DNS- Mandriva Control Centre.
Firefox , .
7/10
2008 Linux Format 19
Live CD
OpenSUSE
KDE 4.
Ubuntu
, .
Ubuntu - D1
. DHCP, D2
F1 F10, - USB-.
, -
, Ekiga,
Evolution, Pidgin, -
,
, , , BitTorrent Transmission -
, , - .
. GUI, Ubuntu ,
: : .
D1 Ubuntu , SSH GPG.
D2 . , . Ubuntu ,
USB- ,
USB- . .
Firefox Flash, Ubuntu
DX5000. - YouTube, -
: 8.0.4.1 Desktop LTS
Audio CD Extractor,
: www.ubuntu.com
Rhythmbox, Totem, Sound Recorder - . D1 : (open source)
CD DVD Brasero. F-Spot -
- , OpenOffice.org ,
F-Spot, D2 - .
- . . D2 Firefox
F-Spot - ,
Web Gallery, Flickr, Picasa Web .
- . -
8/10
20 Linux Format 2008
Live CD
Live CD
Ubuntu 8/10
, , ,
- DVD,
, ,
. Live CD ,
. Live .
CD -
, , . , Live CD
Ubuntu
, CD, ,
. Ubuntu .
: - , - , ( !) -
, .
, . - , ,
- Ubuntu. , -
. - CD ,
, , Ubuntu
Live CD, . ,
, - CD, -
CD USB-, - .
- ?
-LiveCD DSL - Live CD -
-
: , ,
?
Ubuntu? - 50 ,
( - . ?
) -
www.linuxforum.ru Live CD: Live CD:
letters@linuxformat.ru. , ; ,
Wi-Fi ADSL USB-, , Sabayon! LXF
ISO
OOo
()
Gentoo
tuxmachines.org.
+= Gentoo 2008.0 ,
.
G
, - entoo Linux
, , -
. , ,
. .
, -
Windows. .
Linux, Gentoo -
- Linux ,
, Ubuntu, OpenSUSE -
Mandriva. Linux, Portage. Portage
-
. -, , -
, ,
? ,
,
. .
:
, - Gentoo 2008.0 6 , ,
, - , ISO- . , X.org, Xfce 4
. , GDM, . -
, , -
, - , . . AMD 64 3700+ KDE -
. , - 18 , Gnome AMD 64 X2 4200+
. , Gentoo 2008.0-r1 . 4200+
, : - - , ,
. - Gentoo, -
,
?
-
.
, USE-
, -
, ,
, -
, - , , Gentoo . .
, . , -
, . Its got what KDE, Gnome,
. - plants crave ( ), , 500 -
, : 300 .
- , Gentoo Gentoo -
, . . . , KDE 3.5.9, Gnome 2.20.3, Xfce 4.4.2, X.org 7.2,
, , Linux 2.6.24-r5, GCC 4.1.2, Firefox 2.0.0.15, OpenOffice.org
, Gentoo Live CD Xfce 4, 2.4.1 GIMP 2.4.2.
Ubuntu? - . -
. , : GTK - Gentoo.
... Ncurses. - - ,
lxf.distrowatch@futurenet.com Linux, - , -
Gentoo. .
- www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/index.xml
Sabayon 3.5 Mandriva 2009 , KDE 4.1,
. Gnome 2.24 OOo 3.
Gentoo, ,
,
- -
, , , ,
Sabayon. - .
Live DVD, c ; -
Mandriva. Mandriva
Eee PC, - 2009 2008.1.
web Alpha 1 -
Sauerbraten. - ,
Sweeper
, Spritz Alpha 2. - .
-
Sabayon , Entropy. , Mandriva -
Gentoo. . -
Sabayon Linux 3.5 Linux 2.6.26, GCC , . -
, ATI Nvidia, GCC 4.2.3, Firefox 4.2.3, KDE 4.1, Gnome 2.2.4, Firefox DVD
3.0, OpenOffice.org 2.4.1 GIMP 2.4.6. 3.0 OpenOffice.org 3.0, -
. X.org 7.4 Grub 2 Live CD KDE,
Entropy . Gnome. Mandriva
CPU KDE 3.5.9, Gnome 2.22.2 Xfce 4.4.2. , Linux -
( )
- , - PolicyKit. , -
Sabayon, , - (, ). Mandriva - , -
. - , , , KDE 4
Sabayon - , , .
, -
, , Picasa - . Alpha 2. , ,
Elisa, Compiz Fusion, - , 9 , -
Nvidia, Kickoff , - ,
OpenSUSE. . .
Linux 2.6.25, X.org -- . Mandriva - www.mandriva.com
7.3, - www.sabayonlinux.org , -
? -
- , Emacs. ? , 10 DistroWatch.com,
, - , , 24 22 2008 ( )
, 1500 , .
, - Vi
800
1
Ubuntu 1,987
700 2
OpenSUSE 1,809
3
Mint 1,371
600 4
PCLinuxOS 1,108
Fedora 1,076
5
500
6
Debian 999
400 7
Sabayon 850
8
Mandriva 803
300
9
CentOS 720
200
10
Gentoo 622
DistroWatch.com ,
100
.
-
0 , ,
KDE 46% Gnome 39% Xfce 6% Box 3% E 3% Other 2% . LXF
. XenSource , ,
, VMware
,
.
, , -
, XenSource , ,
. , Citrix. ,
, , 3000
, . Citrix ,
, XenSource.
. Citrix ;
, ! :
, Citrix; , ,
.
LXF: Citrix .
XenSource
?
: , Citrix
. -
; .
? Citrix ,
: -
, , KVM, Xen. ,
. , ? ; , ,
. KVM, VMware, Xen
Citrix - : , ,
- O :
, - , - .
- , , Xen Xen.
. - ,
, - -
.
, Xen. . -
-
, , . ,
. , , - Linux Red Hat VirtManager
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, , .
.
LXF: LXF108 , Amazon
LXF: ? EC2, , Xen!
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- , , 10 . -
. . , .
; -, - , , . VMware
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.
, , . - .
, : I/O . ,
, . . , ,
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. , ,
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-. ; Xen . Virtual Machine Format ] -
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Reference, Second Edition
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-
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, -
Python, http://docs.python.org/tut. , KWrite, .
, -.
2
. from pygame import *
Space Invaders , import random
. PyInvaders : Python,
; GIMP PyGame, -
LXFDVD ( /PyInvaders). ,
, : .
backdrop.bmp 640 x 480 , class Sprite:
. , def __init__(self, xpos, ypos, filename):
. self.x = xpos
hero.bmp 32 x 32 ; self.y = ypos
, , self.bitmap = image.load(filename)
. self.bitmap.set_colorkey((0,0,0))
baddie.bmp , . def set_position(self, xpos, ypos):
heromissile.bmp baddiemissile.bmp 32 x 32 self.x = xpos
, , , self.y = ypos
, . PyInvaders def render(self):
, screen.blit(self.bitmap, (self.x, self.y))
data, . Sprite. -
, Space , , ,
Invaders. , : , .
, :
, , , Sprite, -
. : . -
, . ,
. __init__ ,
( ),
( ), filename.
- set_colorkey PyGame,
. , - (0,0,0 RGB) .
! , , -
(PyInvaders.py) . , -
/PyInvaders LXFDVD. , , (
, . def), ()
PyGame, ,
( -
),
, , . .
PyInvaders ? enemies = []
- -
x=0
. .
for count in range(10):
-,
. , , y enemies.append(Sprite(50 * x + 50, 50, data/baddie.bmp))
score = 0 - - , x += 1
, , (, 100). hero = Sprite(20, 400, data/hero.bmp)
(score += 1) - ourmissile = Sprite(0, 480, data/heromissile.bmp)
. - . enemymissile = Sprite(0, 480, data/baddiemissile.bmp)
print You scored: ! enemies, (-
score . Python ,
, ). , (append) 10
: ,
Sprite. , -
. , . .
(
, www.pygame.org/docs ,
. - Tutorials Chimp - ),
, x, y . 50 * + 50 ,
, . ,
- . - 50, -
100, , .
. , 10 - ! !
Sprite , .
def Intersect(s1_x, s1_y, s2_x, s2_y): (), -
if (s1_x > s2_x - 32) and (s1_x < s2_x + 32) and (s1_y > s2_y - . , 640 x 480? ,
32) and (s1_y < s2_y + 32): y- ( ) 480,
return 1 , ,
else: .
return 0 quit = 0
, - enemyspeed = 3
. ( def), while quit == 0:
, . screen.blit(backdrop, (0, 0))
for count in range(len(enemies)):
( s1_x s2_x) enemies[count].x += enemyspeed
(s2_x s2_y), 1, . : enemies[count].render()
! , if enemies[len(enemies)-1].x > 590:
32 x 32 , , enemyspeed = -3
. for count in range(len(enemies)):
www.
init() enemies[count].y += 5
pygame.org/docs
screen = display.set_mode((640,480)) if enemies[0].x < 10:
key.set_repeat(1, 1) enemyspeed = 3
display.set_caption(PyInvaders) for count in range(len(enemies)):
PyGame. backdrop = image.load(data/backdrop.bmp) enemies[count].y += 5
. quit
/ (1/0),
(.. ,
). , enemyspeed -
,
.
,
while. -,
0 0 ( -
). -
. len(enemies) ,
10
.
x- , -
render() Sprite .
-
. ,
enemies[len(enemies)-1], (590 -
),
. , -
5 - ( ).
, .
if ourmissile.y < 479 and ourmissile.y > 0:
ourmissile.render()
ourmissile.y -= 5
if enemymissile.y >= 480 and len(enemies) > 0:
enemymissile.x = enemies[random.randint(0,
len(enemies) - 1)].x
enemymissile.y = enemies[0].y
. if
, ( ), 5 -
y- , -
. , -
,
. x-
: random.randint(0, len(enemies) - 1) -
0 ( )
, .
if Intersect(hero.x, hero.y, enemymissile.x, enemymissile.y):
quit = 1
for count in range(0, len(enemies)):
if Intersect(ourmissile.x, ourmissile.y, enemies[count].x,
enemies[count].y):
del enemies[count]
break
if len(enemies) == 0: . -
quit = 1 , . , !
display.update() PyGame. .
, , , ?
. () - ; -
, . - while. ,
for c ,
, - . .
, , ,
( -
). - ! , Python
. , , PyGame, , .
, . (PyInvaders.py) /PyInvaders
, ! LXFDVD,
for ourevent in event.get(): PyInvaders, .
if ourevent.type == QUIT: :
quit = 1 cd PyInvaders
if ourevent.type == KEYDOWN: python pyinvaders.py
if ourevent.key == K_RIGHT and hero.x < 590: . ,
hero.x += 5 - -
if ourevent.key == K_LEFT and hero.x > 10: , www.linuxforum.ru
hero.x -= 5 . -
if ourevent.key == K_SPACE: . LXF
ourmissile.x = hero.x
ourmissile.y = hero.y
.
SDL (, , ..) .
QUIT, ,
, quit, -
while.
, KEYDOWN, -
. :
, 5 .
,
. : , , -
, , PyInvaders; - , !
. - ,
enemymissile.render() ( ). , DVD
enemymissile.y += 5 - ,
hero.render() .
display.update()
time.delay(5)
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data engines, - .
. ,
KDE Plasma () -
. ,
, Plasma::DataEngine, Plasma/
, DataEngine ( plasma/dataengine.h). -
/proc/ KDE 4.0.x KDE 4.1.x (, - , TestDataEngine:
meminfo, 4.0 , - class TestDataEngine : public Plasma::DataEngine {
- KDE 4 ). Q_OBJECT
/proc, , libplasma, KDE public:
4.1.x, . TestDataEngine(QObject* parent, const QVariantList& args);
. , - void init();
Plasma , - protected:
, , , - bool sourceRequestEvent(const QString& name);
.. ( bool updateSourceEvent(const QString& source);
, bool sourceRequested(const QString& name);
). bool updateSource(const QString& source);
. , };
( - TestDataEngine
, - , !). . , -
, - Plasma::DataEngine libplasma
1.0.x libplasma 1.1 . -
, - :
. ,
. KDE, - .
, - libplasma -.
. -
(data sources). - sourceRequested(), updateSource().
, sourceRequestEvent()
. , updateSourceEvent(). TestDataEngine -
( ( ).
QVariant). - ,
( QHash). init(). , -
, - ,
Plasma . :
( TestDataEngine::TestDataEngine(QObject* parent, const QVariantList&
/proc/meminfo). args)
DVD
: Plasma::DataEngine(parent) { .
setMinimumUpdateInterval(1000); , ,
} ( ).
void TestDataEngine::init() { QString, QVariant.
updateSource("MemFree"); , ,
updateSource("Buffers"); setData() -
} . ,
bool TestDataEngine::sourceRequestEvent(const QString &name) { . ,
return updateSourceEvent(name); . Plasma ,
} . , setData() -
bool TestDataEngine::sourceRequested(const QString &name) { ,
return updateSourceEvent(name); .
} ,
bool TestDataEngine::updateSource(const QString &name) { sourceRequestEvent(), sourceRequested(), updateSource() -
return updateSourceEvent(name); updateSourceEvent(). ,
} KDE 4.1.x , -
bool TestDataEngine::updateSourceEvent(const QString &name) { sourceRequested() updateSource().
QFile file("/proc/meminfo"); init() (,
file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly); , KDE 4.0.x).
char line[256]; updateSourceEvent(),
while (file.readLine(line, 256) != 0) { MemFree ( ), Buffers. -
QString s = line; , MemFree Buffers,
if (s.indexOf(name) >= 0) {
setData(name, s); /proc/meminfo ( ,
file.close(); ).
return true;
} setMinimumUpdateInterval(),
} ( ).
file.close(); ,
return false; ,
} . , ,
K_EXPORT_PLASMA_DATAENGINE(testde, TestDataEngine) ,
#include "testde.moc" ( updateSourceEvent()) ,
updateSourceEvent(), setMinimumUpdateInterval().
. - K_EXPORT_PLASMA_DATAENGINE() -
- , -
. updateSourceEvent() .
, true, - ,
false. Plasma, .
/proc/meminfo , .desktop-
. ( -
= ) :
[Desktop Entry]
, - Name=Test Data Engine
, . Comment=Test Data Engine
, , Type=Service
, -
/proc/meminfo ( - X-KDE-ServiceTypes=Plasma/DataEngine
). , X-KDE-Library=plasma_engine_testde
updateSourceEvent() /proc/meminfo - X-Plasma-EngineName=testde
. , - X-KDE-PluginInfo-Author=Andrei Borovsky
true, false. - X-KDE-PluginInfo-Email=
setData() Plasma::DataEngine. X-KDE-PluginInfo-Name=testde
X-KDE-PluginInfo-Version=0.1 plasmaengineexplorer,
X-KDE-PluginInfo-Website= , plasmoidviewer .
X-KDE-PluginInfo-Category=Examples testde
X-KDE-PluginInfo-Depends= sudo make install
X-KDE-PluginInfo-License=LGPL Plasma
X-KDE-PluginInfo-EnabledByDefault=true kquitapp plasma
X-KDE-ServiceTypes Plasma/ plasma
DataEngine ( Plasma). X-KDE-Library - plasmaengineexplorer (. 1).
plasma_engine_testde (
plasma_engine_testde.so), X-Plasma- .
EngineName (, , testde.
Plasma) testde. , X-KDE-PluginInfo- plasmaengineexplorer ,
EnabledByDefault true. .
CMakeLists.txt , init().
. :
project(plasma-testde) . , -
set(CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX /usr/) , ,
find_package(Qt4 REQUIRED) , Request.
find_package(KDE4 REQUIRED)
include(KDE4Defaults)
find_package(Plasma REQUIRED) Plasma -
add_definitions (${QT_DEFINITIONS} ${KDE4_DEFINITIONS}) , , -
include_directories(${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR} ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR} testde. meminfo,
${KDE4_INCLUDES} ) meminfo.tar.gz LXFDVD.
set(testde_engine_SRCS testde.cpp) KDE -
kde4_add_plugin(plasma_engine_testde ${testde_engine_SRCS}) , wiki-
target_link_libraries(plasma_engine_testde ${KDE4_KDECORE_LIBS} . , ,
${PLASMA_LIBS}) ,
install(TARGETS plasma_engine_testde DESTINATION ${PLUGIN_ KDE. , -
INSTALL_DIR}) . ,
install(FILES plasma-dataengine-testde.desktop DESTINATION , -
${SERVICES_INSTALL_DIR}) plasma/dataengine.h plasma/dataenginemanager.h
, - , KDE, (-
. kdebase-workspace).
. . dataEngine(),
PLUGIN_INSTALL_DIR, install(), (
/lib/kde4/. , SERVICES_INSTALL_ loadDataEngine() Plasma::DataEngineManager).
DIR ( .desktop-) ,
/share/kde4/services/. , Plasma::DataEngine, -
( , (,
/share/kde4/services/ - Plasma::DataEngine). KDE
.desktop-). KDE - -, -
, , .
/usr, loadDataEngine(),
CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX. dataEngine() -
Plasma, Plasma::DataEngineManager. ,
, ( , ,
, ). connectSource().
tested - meminfo:
void MemInfo::init() {
dataEngine("testde")->connectSource("MemFree", this, 1000);
dataEngine("testde")->connectSource("Buffers", this, 1000);
}
, -
. connectSource()
,
, (
, , Plasma::Applet).
-
. ,
, , , .
connectSource()? -
. 1. -
Plasma Engine dataUpdated(), -
Explorer. . , Qt
, , -
Q_INVOKABLE. -
, Plasma::Applet.
dataUpdated() :
void dataUpdated(const QString&, const Plasma::DataEngine::Data&)
dataUpdated() -
,
Plasma::DataEngine::Data, . -
-
(. 2).
. 2. .
dataUpdated() :
void MemInfo::dataUpdated(const QString &name, const
Plasma::DataEngine::Data &data){
m_mf = data.value("MemFree", m_mf).toString(); . 3. Add
m_bs = data.value("Buffers", m_bs).toString(); Widgets.
update();
} . -
. CMake -
Plasma::DataEngine::Data QString make, sudo make install ( -
m_mf m_bs, update(), KDE). , ,
( paintInterface() - plasmoidviewer
m_mf m_bs). Add Widgets ( 3).
Plasma::DataEngine::Data.
QHash (LXF102).
value().
( ),
() ,
value() ,
. , . 4.
m_mf = data.value("MemFree", m_mf).toString(); MemInfo.
m_mf ,
MemFree, ; , , , -
m_mf. , KDE.
dataUpdate() , ,
, KDE 4. LXF
2 ,
, ,
, R .
, , , -
(LXF109).
R -
cor:
- , - > cor(5:15, 7:17)
, - , - [1] 1
. , > cor(5:15, c(7:16, 23))
R -
[1] 0.9375093
-
- - (
). ,
- ,
. . - (data frame). cor -
,
,
R. , :
> cor(longley)
GNP.deflator GNP Unemployed Armed.Forces
- GNP.deflator 1.0000000 0.9915892 0.6206334 0.4647442
. GNP 0.9915892 1.0000000 0.6042609 0.4464368
. , Unemployed 0.6206334 0.6042609 1.0000000 -0.1774206
, , Armed.Forces 0.4647442 0.4464368 -0.1774206 1.0000000
, Population 0.9791634 0.9910901 0.6865515 0.3644163
. : Year 0.9911492 0.9952735 0.6682566 0.4172451
, - - Employed 0.9708985 0.9835516 0.5024981 0.4573074
. Population Year Employed
GNP.deflator 0.9791634 0.9911492 0.9708985
R
GNP 0.9910901 0.9952735 0.9835516
http://developer.r-project.org/Logo/ , Unemployed 0.6865515 0.6682566 0.5024981
. - Armed.Forces 0.3644163 0.4172451 0.4573074
- Population 1.0000000 0.9939528 0.9603906
, -1 Year 0.9939528 1.0000000 0.9713295
+1. (.. +1 -1), Employed 0.9603906 0.9713295 1.0000000
. - , ; , -
, . ?
, , . cor
, - use; all.obs,
. , -
1, cor. use complete.obs,
.
. , .
, , ,
, . , -
, .
, , ,
. -
. use pairwise. Examination 0.69921153 -0.6003402 -0.11433546
complete.obs. Education 1.00000000 -0.1791334 -0.09932185
, - Catholic -0.17913339 1.0000000 0.18503786
- Infant.Mortality -0.09932185 0.1850379 1.00000000
, . , -
> cor(swiss) .
Fertility Agriculture Examination [Spearman] .
Fertility 1.0000000 0.35307918 -0.6458827 (..
Agriculture 0.3530792 1.00000000 -0.6865422 ). , -
Examination -0.6458827 -0.68654221 1.0000000 .
Education -0.6637889 -0.63952252 0.6984153 method spearman:
Catholic 0.4636847 0.40109505 -0.5727418 > x <- rexp(50);
Infant.Mortality 0.4165560 -0.06085861 -0.1140216 > cor(x, log(x), method="spearman")
Education Catholic Infant.Mortality [1] 1
Fertility -0.66378886 0.4636847 0.41655603 ,
Agriculture -0.63952252 0.4010951 -0.06085861 :
Examination 0.69841530 -0.5727418 -0.11402160 > clP <- cor(longley)
Education 1.00000000 -0.1538589 -0.09932185 > clS <- cor(longley, method = "spearman")
Catholic -0.15385892 1.0000000 0.17549591 > i <- lower.tri(clP)
Infant.Mortality -0.09932185 0.1754959 1.00000000 > cor(cbind(P = clP[i], S = clS[i]))
P S
> # . P 1.000000 0.980239
> swissNA <- swiss S 0.980239 1.000000
> # . -
> swissNA[1,2] <- swissNA[7,3] <- swissNA[25,5] <- NA ,
> cor(swissNA) . ,
cor(swissNA) : cov/cor . -
cor.test:
> cor(swissNA, use = "complete") > x <- rnorm(50)
Fertility Agriculture Examination > y <- rnorm(50, mean = 2, sd = 1);
Fertility 1.0000000 0.37821953 -0.6548306 > # .
Agriculture 0.3782195 1.00000000 -0.7127078 > cor.test(x,y)
Examination -0.6548306 -0.71270778 1.0000000
Education -0.6742158 -0.64337782 0.6977691 Pearson's product-moment correlation
Catholic 0.4772298 0.40148365 -0.6079436 data: x and y
Infant.Mortality 0.3878150 -0.07168223 -0.1071005 t = 0.2496, df = 48, p-value = 0.804
Education Catholic Infant.Mortality alternative hypothesis: true correlation is not equal to 0
Fertility -0.67421581 0.4772298 0.38781500 95 percent confidence interval:
Agriculture -0.64337782 0.4014837 -0.07168223 -0.2447931 0.3112364
Examination 0.69776906 -0.6079436 -0.10710047 sample estimates:
Education 1.00000000 -0.1701445 -0.08343279 cor
Catholic -0.17014449 1.0000000 0.17221594 0.03600814
Infant.Mortality -0.08343279 0.1722159 1.00000000
> # .
> cor(swissNA, use = "pairwise") > cor.test(x, 2*x);
Fertility Agriculture Examination
Fertility 1.0000000 0.39202893 -0.6531492 Pearson's product-moment correlation
Agriculture 0.3920289 1.00000000 -0.7150561 data: x and 2 * x
Examination -0.6531492 -0.71505612 1.0000000 t = Inf, df = 48, p-value < 2.2e-16
Education -0.6637889 -0.65221506 0.6992115 alternative hypothesis: true correlation is not equal to 0
Catholic 0.4723129 0.41520069 -0.6003402 95 percent confidence interval:
Infant.Mortality 0.4165560 -0.03648427 -0.1143355 11
Education Catholic Infant.Mortality sample estimates:
Fertility -0.66378886 0.4723129 0.41655603 cor
Agriculture -0.65221506 0.4152007 -0.03648427 1
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Linux Format 12 (, -
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Reviews Xxx
Linux
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