VT 2016

Visual Testing
General/Specification/ practical Examination

1. This examination is designed to test the candidates ability to

demonstrate a basic knowledge of the principles of Visual Testing
and ability to demonstrate knowledge of the equipment, operating
procedures, and VT techniques and specifications or codes

2. Each question has one answer and you are required to mark your
choice such that it is evident that your choice is clearly defined. If
you should decide to change your choice of answers, line through
and initial the wrong answer then mark your new selection.

3. This examination contains 98 questions, which are to be answered

without access to reference material, closed book.

4. Time limit: 3.0 hours

5. Passing grade: 80

NAME: ___________________ EMPLOYEE NO.:________________

DATE: ____________________ START TIME: _________________

STOP TIME: __________________

GRADE: ___________ GRADED BY: Samir Saad

DATE:______________

GENERAL EXAM: ____________

SPECIFIC EXAM: ____________

PRACTICAL EXAM: ____________

TOTAL Average: ____________ (Minimum 80)

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Q-1 The sketch shows a test procedure for

a. SMAW
b. GMAW
c. ESW
d. GTAW
e. SW

Q-2 The distance between the tip of electrode and the weld surface is called
a. Arc force
b. Arc length
c. Arc blow
d. Arc Strike
e. Arc Chamber

Q-3 The sketch below shows

a. SMAW
b. FCAW
c. ESW
d. GTAW
e. SW

Q-4 The sketch below shows

a. SMAW
b. GMAW
C. GTAW
d. ESW
e. PAW

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Q-6 Which of the following is a significant disadvantage of SMAW compared to

GMAW?
A. It is more sensitive to wind and drafts.
B. Shielded gases are usually required.
C. Deposition rates are considerably low.
D. It can only be used on ferrous metals.
E. None of the above.

Q-7 The sketch shows what mode of metal Transfer

related to GMAW Process:
A. Pulsed arc transfer mode.
B. Spray transfer mode.
C. Short circuiting transfer mode.
D. Globular transfer mode.
E. Open circuiting transfer mode.

Q-8 GMAW is essentially replaced for welding process . In many

applications.
A. GTAW
B. SMAW
C. FCAW
D. PAW
E. SAW

Q-9 The function of the covering on a covered arc welding electrode is

providing
A. Shielding Gas Cover
B. Protective Slag
C. Deoxidized Weld Metal
D. Arc Stabilization
E. All of The Above

Q-10 GTAW can be used to weld most metals, which of the following is most
useful
A. Galvanized Parts
B. Thin Gauge Aluminum
C. Reinforcing rod
D. Heavy Steel Plate
E. Cast Iron

Q-11 GTAW process a typical cause of tungsten inclusion

A. Excessive Fit Up
B. Insufficient Welding Current

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C. Straight Polarity Welding

D. Contact on the Electrode Tip with the Weld Pool
E. None of The Above

Q-12 The most accurate regarding the selection of a filler metal of GTAW
application
A. GTAW electrodes are not consumed in the GTAW process
B. AWS not specified the selection of filler metal in GTAW
C. Generally, filler metals are selected to match the properties of the base metal in
the welded condition
D. Reaction between filler metal and shielding gas is very important
E. Because of tungsten, in GTAW process filler materials do not clean like other
process

Q-13 An advantage of plasma arc gouging over carbon arc gouging

A. Elimination of Carbon Pick Up Problem
B. Less Grinding to Clean Up the Join
C. Less Cost Equipment Problem
D. All of The Above
(E) Only A & B above

Q-14 The filler metals for Manual GTAW are usually in which of the following
forms:
A. Cut lengths rods usually 0.9 m (36 inches) long
B. Large wire spools (30 lbs)
C. 12 inch (0.3 m) coated electrodes
D. Coils of tubular electrode
E. 3.16-inch diameter electrodes

Q-15 FCAW electrode classification uses the letter T TO INDICATE which of

following electrode constructions?
(A) Tungsten
(B) Tubular
(C) Tantalum
(D) Thorium
(E) Titanium

Q-16 What does the prefix ER indicate in the ER 309L filler metal classification?
(A) The electrode is in a rolled from
(B) It can be used as an electrode or rod
(C) It is for rust-resistant applications
(D) It is intended for reverse polarity application

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Q-17 Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) is suitable for what metals?
(A) Carbon steel
(B) Stainless steel
(C) Aluminum
(D) all of the above
(E) Only A and B above

Q-18 Which of the following processes can be used to join quenched and
tempered steels?
(A) SMAW
(B) SAW
(C) GMAW
(D) all of the above
(E) Only B and C above

Q-19 in which of the following ways are fluxes for SAW classified according to the
manner in which they modify the composition of the weld metal?
(A)Oxidizing or reducing
(B) Fused or agglomerated
(C) Granular or powdered
(D) neutral, active, or alloy
(E) Covered or self-shielded

Q-20 Which of the following is true regarding air carbon arc cutting?
(A) Metal removal is accomplished by an oxygen stream
(B) Cutting is accomplished by metal oxidation
(C) It is capable of cutting metals that cannot be cut by the oxyfuel gas cutting process.
(D) All of the above
(E) Only A and B above

Q-21 when other welding variables are held constant, increasing the welding
current during FCAW will do which of the following?
(A) Increase electrode deposition rate
(B) Increase penetration
(C) Produce concave weld beads with poor appearance
(D) All of the above
(E) Only A or B above

Q-22 when are optimum results more likely obtained when using EXX16 and
EXX18 low hydrogen electrodes?
(A) When used with a long arc on downhill welding and a short arc on uphill welding
(B) When stored in a refrigerator when the container has been opened .
(C) When stored in a hold oven at proper temperature
(D) When used with a whipping technique on light gage metal
(E) When replace with Exx13 electrodes on vertical work

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Q-23 Plasma Arc cutting (PAC) is better suited than oxyfuel gas cutting (OFC) for
cutting which of the following materials?
(A) Ferrous sheet metal
(B) Nonferrous metals (i.e., aluminum, copper, brass, etc)
(C) Any metals with a thickness over 5 inches
(D) Stainless steel and plate
(E) A, B and D above

Q-24 to be classified as brazing, the joining process must use a filler metal wire
which of the following characteristics?
(A) The filler metal cannot wet the surfaces to be joined
(B) The filler must melt at above 840 F
(C) The filler metal must melt in an oxidizing atmosphere
(D) The filler metal must have acceptable mechanical properties when mixed with the
base metal
(E) The filler metal must have non-ferrous properties

Q-25 Arc voltage in GTAW is affected by which of the following parameters?

(A) The amount of thorium in the electrode
(B) The ambient air temperature
(C) The distance between the electrode and the workpiece
(D) The filler metal feed speed
(E) The travel speed

Q-26 which cutting process in shown below figure

(A) Air carbon arc cutting (CAC-A)
(B) oxyfuel gas cutting (OFC)
(C) Gas tungsten arc cutting (GTAC)
(D) Mechanical cutting
(E) Plasma arc cutting (PAC)

Q-27 In SMAW the correct arc length is essential to good welding performance.
Which factors affect arc length?
(A) Electrode classification
(B) Electrode diameter
(C) Welding position
(D) all of the above
(E) Only A and B above

Q-28 why is CO2 widely used as a shield gas component for FCAW?
(A) It is not reactive in the arc
(B) It has a reducing effect on components in the weld pool.
(C) It promotes deep penetration and is lower in cost
(D) It promotes short-circuit metal transfer

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(E) It reduces the need for de-oxidation elements in the electrode.

Q-29 which of the following would be considered an advantages of the GTAW

process?
(A) Ability to make autogenous welds
(B) No spatter.
(C) High quality weld deposits
(D) Ability to weld almost all dissimilar metals
(E) All of the above

Q-30 Which of the symbols shown in figure below is used to indicate a field weld
as noted in the current edition of AWS A2.4 standard symbols for welding brazing
and nondestructive examination?
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4
(E) Field welds are not shown on the drawings.

Questions No. Q-31 to Q-34

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Q-31 Which welding symbol represents a weld that extends all around the joint?
(A) 9
(B) 4
(C) 7
(D) 3
(E) 8

Q-32 Which welding symbol represents an Intermittent Fillet Weld?

(A) 1
(B) 9
(C) 4
(D) 7
(E) 6

Q-33 Which welding symbol represents a plug weld Depth of fill?

(A) 6
(B) 3
(C) 7
(D) 5
(E) 8

Q-34 Which welding symbol represents a groove weld with Melt-Through?

(A) 6
(B) 3
(C) 7
(D) 10
(E) 8

Q-35 Which is the correct welding symbol for the desired weld in figure below?
(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

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Q-36 Which is the correct welding symbol for the desired weld in figure below?
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4
(E) 5

Q-37The symbol in figure below shows the configuration of a ---------.

(A) u-groove weld
(B) bevel- groove weld
(C) J-groove weld
(D) Fillet weld
(E) flare-v-groove weld

Q-38 which of the following is represented by the symbol in figure below?

(A) An edge weld with melt-through
(B) CJP groove with backing
(C) Flange weld with melt-through
(D) Square groove weld with melt-through

Questions No. Q-39 to Q-41

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Q-39 Weld No.(A) in the above figure is in what position?

(A) Flat Position
(B) Horizontal position
(C) Vertical position
(D) Over Head position
(E) None of the above

Q-40 Weld No.(B) in the above figure is in what position?

(A) Flat Position
(B) Horizontal position
(C) Vertical position
(D) Over Head position
(E) None of the above

Q-41 Weld No.(C) in the above figure is in what position?

(A) Flat Position
(B) Horizontal position
(C) Vertical position
(D) Over Head position
(E) None of the above

Questions No. Q-42 to Q-44

Q-42 The number 1 in the above figure represents which of the following?
A) Beads
B) Weld Root
C) Weld Toe
D) Face Reinforcement
E) Weld Face

Q-43 The number 2 in the above figure represents which of the following?
A) Beads
B) Weld Root
C) Weld Toe

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D) Face Reinforcement
E) Weld Face

Q-44The number 3 in the above figure represents which of the following?

A) Beads
B) Weld Root
C) Weld Toe
D) Face Reinforcement
E) Weld Face

Questions No. Q-45 to Q-47

Q-45 What does dimension # 1 designate in the above figure?

(A) Theoretical throat
(B) Effective throat
(C) Actual throat
(D) Convexity
(E) Size of weld

Q-46 What does dimension # 4 designate in the above figure?

(A) Theoretical throat
(B) Effective throat
(C) Actual throat
(D) Convexity
(E) Size of weld

Q-47 What does dimension # 5 designate in the above figure?

(A) Theoretical throat
(B) Effective throat
(C) Actual throat
(D) Convexity
(E) Size of weld

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Q-48 What is the weld test position shown in the below figure?
(A) 1 G
(B) 2 G
(C) 3 G
(D) 4 G
(E) 5 G

Q-49 Which is the correct welding symbol for the desired weld in figure above?
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4
(E) 5

Questions No. Q-50 to Q-52

Q-50 The number 1 in the below figure represents which of the following?
A) Depth of fusion

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B) Depth of penetration
C) fusion face
D) Weld interface
E) HAZ

Q-51 The number 2 in the below figure represents which of the following?
A) Depth of fusion
B) Depth of penetration
C) fusion face
D) Weld interface
E) HAZ

Q-52 The number 4 in the below figure represents which of the following?
A) Depth of fusion
B) Depth of penetration
C) fusion face
D) Weld interface
E) HAZ

Q-53 What is the third operation specified in the below figure?

A) Conduct MT
B) Back-Gouge
C) Weld the U groove
D) Weld the V groove
E) Conduct CJP

Q-54 Which of the following does the symbol in the below figure specify?
A) Double bevel groove weld with a 3 mm root opening
B) Double V groove weld with a 3 mm root opening
C) Double bevel groove weld with a 3 mm depth of bevel on other side
D) Double V groove weld with a 3 mm depth of bevel on other side
E) Double bevel groove weld with a 3 mm root face

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Q-55 The NDT symbol shown in the above figure refer to?
A) Visual test & penetrant test made on both side of the part
B) Visual test mad on the other side of the part & penetrant test made on arrow side
C) Visual test mad on arrow side & penetrant test made on the other side of the part
D) Visual test mad on the back of the part & penetrant test made on the front of the part
E) None of the above

Q-56 The property of metals that describes their resistance to indentation is

called:
a. strength
b. toughness
c. hardness
d. ductility
e. none of the above

Q-57 When the weld structure is to be examined at magnification of 10x or lower,

what kind of specimens are used?
a. Macro specimens
b. Micro specimens
c. Tensile specimens
d. Charpoy specimens
e. Chemical Tests

Q-58 Which of the following destructive tests may be used to determine

toughness?
a. Drop-weight
b. Crack tip displacement (CTOD)
c. Charpy V-notch (CVN)
d. All of the above
e. Only A and C only

Q-59 Hardness of base metals can be affected by which of the following

conditions?
(A) heat treatment
(B) Cold working of the metal
(C) composition of the base and metal
(D) metallurgical effects of the welding process
(E) all of the above

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Q-60 Which of the following materials have the best weldability?

a. Low carbon steel
b. Medium carbon steel
c. High carbon steel
d. Low alloy steel

Q-61 A stress relief heat treatment {approximately 1150 F (620 C) on carbon steel}
is intended to accomplish which of the following?
a. Change the microstructure of the weld
b. Increase the tensile strength of the weld
c. Reduce the residual stress across the weld
d. Increase the impact strength of the weld
e. Provide a method of oven heating for the removal of gas pokets trapped in the weld

Q-62 Hardness test method(s) for metal include(s) which of the following?
(A) Rockwell
(B) knoop
(C) vickers
(D) brinell
(E) all of the above

Q-63 Which of the following is/are sometimes used to control distortion in a

weldment?
(A) Peening
(B) Preheating
(C) Fixtures and stress relief
(D) Back step welding
(E) all of the above

Q-64 Which of the following slows the rate of cooling in a weld bead?
(A) Decreasing the Heat Input per Inch of Weld
(B) Preheating the Weldment
(C) Reducing the Electrode Size
(D) Increasing the Speed of Travel

Q-65 Sensitization of stainless steel primarily refers to its loss of which property?
(A) Strength
(B) Toughness
(C) Ductility
(D) Corrosion resistance
(E) Impact resistance

Q-66 The base metal next to the weld that has been heated to a sufficiently high
temperature to cause a change in microstructure is the
(A) Tempered zone
(B) heat-affected zone

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(C) Untempered zone

(D) Pearlite area
(E) Base plate

Q-67 Back step sequence welding is often used ----------.

(A) For ease of operation
(B) For tacking the welded material
(C) To speed up welding
(D) To reduce distortion
(E) To prevent crater cracks

Q-68 The fillet weld break test is used to check for which of the following?
(A) quality of fractured the weld metal
(B) compression strength of the weld joint
(C) ductility of the weld metal
(D) the weld s resistance to lamellar tearing
(E) impact strength of the weld joint

Q-69 The sketch below is a specimen for:

a) Bend Test
b) Tensile Test
c) Charpy V Test
d) Neck Break Test
e) Macro Specimen Test

Q-70 The sketch below is a specimen for:

a) Bend Test
b) Tensile Test
c) Charpy V Test
d) Neck Break Test
e) Macro Specimen Test

Q-71 The carbon equivalent unit is employed to predict the tendency to form
which of the following:
A. Lammelar Pearlite
B. Upper Bainite
C. Martensite
D. Austenite
E. Acicular Ferrite

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Q-72 Which of the following they may minimize slag entrapment?

(A) changing the electrodes types
(B) thorough stag removal between passes
(C) proper bead placement
(D) all of the above
(E) only B and C above

Q-73 Which of the following is a typical of tungsten inclusion in GTAW Weld?

A. Excessive Fit Up
B. Insufficient Welding Current
C. Straight Polarity Welding
D. Contact on the Electrode Tip with the Weld Pool
E. None of The Above

Q-74 Incomplete joint penetration can be caused by which of the following?

(A) Insufficient root opening
(B) Excessive travel speed
(C) Excessive electrode diameter
(D) all of the above
(E) Only A and C above

Q-75 Which of the following is/are recommended to prevent cracking in the

welding low-alloy steel?
(A) Controlling hydrogen content during welding
(B) Using minimum required preheat and inter-pass temperature
(C) Using grades with low carbon and alloy content
(D) all of the above
(E) Only B and C above

Q-76 Why should inter-pass cleaning be verified?

(A) to ensure slag removal
(B) to avoid welding over cracks
(C) to avoid subsequent porosity
(D) to avoid subsequent incomplete fusion
(E) All of the above

Q-77 Which of the following can cause incomplete fusion?

(A) metal flooding a head of the arc
(B) Insufficient heat input
(C) Proper joint design
(D) Any of the above
(E) Only A and B above

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Questions No. Q-78 to Q-80

Q-78 What is the discontinuity shown at No. 1 in a below figure?

(A) Underfill
(B) Toe Crack
(C) Overlap
(D) Undercut
(E) Incomplete fusion

Q79- What is the discontinuity shown at No. 2 in a below figure?

(A) Underfill
(B) Toe Crack
(C) Overlap
(D) Undercut
(E) Incomplete fusion

Q-80 What is the discontinuity shown at No. 3 in a below figure?

(A) Underfill
(B) Toe Crack
(C) Overlap
(D) Undercut
(E) Incomplete fusion

Q-81 laminations are best detected by which inspection method?

a. RT
b. UT
c. ET
d. LT
e. AET

Q-82 in film radiography, which of the following are usually used as image quality
indicator (IQIs)?
A. Hole type
B. Step type
C. Wire type
D. Only A and B above
E. Only A and C above

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Q-83 During examination of a production weldment the inspector noted that

discontinuity indications found by MT method were not found by PT method what
dose the indicate?
(A) there are no flaws
(B) the discontinuities are all on the surface
(C) the discontinuities size is too small for PT
(D) the discontinuities are not exposed to the surface
(E) none of the above

Q-84 Which of the discontinuities is not commonly detected by RT?

A. Undercut
B. Porosity
C. Lamination
D. Slag

Q-85 When welds are going to be hidden or inaccessible for inspection in a

finished weldment or structure, they should be inspected ---------.
(A) By baroscopic methods to provide access to the hidden welds
(B) After post-weld treatment of the completed weldment or structure
(C) Before the start of the welding
(D) During the progress of the assembly as welds are completed
(E) After completion of the work

Q-86 Which of the following may an inspector use to perform visual inspection?
(A) magnifying glass
(B) Micrometer
(C) Fillet weld gage
(D) all of the above
(E) Only B and C above

Q-87 When should visual inspection be performed preferably to produce the most
cost effective quality per specification?
A. After Welding
B. When the Foreman Tells You
C. Prior to Welding
D. During Welding
E. A, C and D Above.

Q-88 Which of the following statements is correct regarding magnetic particle

testing?
A. It is sensitive enough to readily detect deep subsurface discontinuities
B. It can be performed on all types of materials, ferrous and non-ferrous
C. Subsurface discontinuities are easily seen and interpreted with this method
D. Subsurface discontinuities near the surface may be observed, but they may not be
cleary defined

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E. None of the above

Q-89 Which NDT method is suitable and economical for detecting tungsten
inclusion in Aluminum weld?
RT
ET
PT
MT
VT

Q-90 Which NDT method can be used to detect all of the following: wrong
electrode, excessive travel speed, and /or improper edge preparations?
A. Radiographic
B. Visual
C. Dye Penetrant
D. Hardness

Q-91 An ultrasonic test of a plate shows a trace on the CRT with peaks as shown
in below figure. If the sweep is from left to right, the peak at (2) may indicate ------.
(A) A flaw at the surface
(B) A flaw near the center
(C) A reflection from the back
(D) A flaw at the back

Q-92 What is/are advantage(s) of visual inspection?

A. It is least expensive inspection method
B. Subsurface defects can be found upon completion of welding
C. It allows for detection and correction of many discontinuities before weld completion
D. All of the above
E. Only A and C above

Q-93 Which of the following is an advantage of florescent penetrants over visible

penetrants?
(A) The inspection can be carried out in a well-light area
(B) Small indication are more easily seen because it is more sensitive test
(C) It can be used where contact with water is objectionable
(D) It is less sensitive to contamination of discontinuities.
(E) The visible dye requires no vehicle or solvent

Q-94 Liquid penetrant inspection is used for detecting ---------.

(A) weld undercut
(B) excessive weld reinforcement
(C) weld discontinuities open to the surface
(D) short fillet weld leg size
(E) depth of weld penetration

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Q-95 which of the following is needed to obtain maximum detection capability in

the inspection of welds by MT?
A. Use a longitudinal magnetic field
B. Use a circular magnetic field
C. Apply the magnetic field Perpendicular to the weld
D. Apply the magnetic field Direction to the weld
E. Apply the magnetic field in two Directions 90 Degree a part.

Q-96 If the prods shown in below figure, which of the following flaws would cause
the clearest indication?
(A) A transverse surface crack
(B) Lack of fusion on the root
(C) A plate lamination
(D) A longitudinal surface crack
(E) A tungsten inclusion

Q-97 the Coil shown in below figure, which of the following flaws would cause the
clearest indication?
(A) A transverse surface crack
(B) Lack of fusion on the root
(C) A plate lamination
(D) A longitudinal surface crack
(E) A tungsten inclusion

Q-98 the yoke shown in below figure, which of the following flaws would cause
the clearest indication?
(A) A transverse surface crack
(B) Lack of fusion on the root
(C) A plate lamination
(D) A longitudinal surface crack
(E) A tungsten inclusion

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