INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BUSINESS, SOCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH

ISSN: 2309-7892, Volume: 1, Issue: 3, Page: 172-175, April-June, 2014

Review Paper
PERFORMANCE OF MUNGBEAN (BARI Mung 6) TO DIFFERENT NITROGEN
LEVELS

M.I. Mainul1, W.S. Rupa1, A. Nasir2, H. Mehraj3 and AFM Jamal Uddin3*

M.I. Mainul, W.S. Rupa, A. Nasir, H. Mehraj and AFM Jamal Uddin (2014). Performance of Mungbean
(BARI Mung 6) to Different Nitrogen Levels. Int. J. Bus. Soc. Sci. Res. 1(3): 172-175. Retrieve from
http://www.ijbssr.com/currentissueview/14013030

Received Date: 21/03/2014 Acceptance Date: 05/06/2014 Published Date: 24/06/2014

Abstract
An experiment was conducted at the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural
University, Bangladesh during the period from February to April of 2012 to find out the effect of
different levels of nitrogen on growth and yield performance as well as nutrient content of
mungbean (BARI Mung 6). Four levels of nitrogen viz. N0 (Control), N1 (10 kgha-1), N2 (20
kgha-1) and N3 (25 kgha-1) were used on experiment followed by Randomized Complete Block
Design with three replications. Maximum plant height (40.52 cm), number of leaves (19.14),
number of branches (10.09), average dry weight/plant (7.35 g), number of pods/plant (15.90),
number of seeds/pod (4.49), 1000-seed weight (42.56 g), seed yield (1.06/ha), stover yield
(2.08/ha), N content in seed (3.60), P content in seed (0.48) and K content in seed (1.26) were
found in N3 which was statistically similar with N2 whereas minimum from N0.
Key words: Mungbean, growth, yield, nutrient content.
Introduction
Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) is one of the most important pulse crops grown in Bangladesh. In
Bangladesh, total production of pulses is only 0.65 million ton against 2.7 million tons requirement i.e.,
shortage is almost 80% of the total requirement (Rahman and Ali, 2007) which is mostly due to low yield
(MoA, 2005). Imbalanced nutrition or no fertilizer application is one of the major constrains. Farmers
have a wrong view that mungbean does not need fertilizers. The management of fertilizer is the
important factor that greatly affects the growth attributes and yield of this crop. Application of small
amount of nitrogen as a starter dose has a beneficial effect on crop yield and quality (Sandhu et al.,
1978). Pulses although fix atmospheric N2 by symbiotic means but application of nitrogenous fertilizer as
starter or initial dose becomes helpful in increasing the growth and yield of legume crops (Ardeshana et
al., 1993). Nitrogen is an essential nutrient that needed to grow plants that large amount of it, needed for
plant growth that its deficiency in the soil is usually common. Nitrogen deficiency reduces the number of
branches per plant, plant height, stem diameter, pod length, number of nodes. Therefore present study
was undertaken to investigate the effect of different levels of nitrogen on growth and yield as well as
nutrient content of a mungbean.
Materials and Methods
The experiment was carried out at the Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU) Farm, Dhaka during
the period from February to April of 2012 to find out the effect of different levels of nitrogen on growth
and yield performance as well as nutrient content of mungbean (BARI Mung 6). Four levels of nitrogen
viz. N0 (Control), N1 (10 kgha-1), N2 (20 kgha-1) and N3 (25 kgha-1) were applied on the experiment
which was followed by Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The size of the each
plot was 3 m x 2 m. The land was ploughed twice followed by laddering. Seeds were sown on 21st
February 2012 @ 35 kg ha-1 by maintaining 10 cm plant to plant and 30 cm line to line distance.
Nitrogen fertilizer (Urea) was applied as per treatments along with zinc sulphate (@ 2.0 kgha-1) during
the final land preparation. The insecticide Sumithion 57 EC was sprayed @ 0.02% at the time of pod
formation to control pod borer. The crops were harvested at a time due to synchronous maturity of pods.
The crop bundles were sun dried for two days on threshing floor. Seeds were separated from the plants
by beating the bundles with bamboo sticks. The collected seeds were dried in sun to lower the moisture
content to 12% level. The dried and cleaned seed and stover were weighed. Ten plants were randomly
selected prior to maturity from each plot for data recording. Data were collected on plant height, number

*Corresponding Author: jamal4@yahoo.com

1
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
2
Department of Soil Science, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
3
Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Performance of Mungbean 173

of leaves/plant, number of branches/plant, number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, weight of

thousand seed, seed yield and stover yield. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content on seed were
also measured. The plant material (seed) were dried in an oven at 600 C at 72 hours after sun drying and
finely ground in a grinder machine for chemical analysis. Then the prepared samples were put into paper
bags.
The total nitrogen was determined from the seed sample by macro Kjeldahl method. The samples were
digested by commercial H2SO4 in presence of catalyst mixture K2SO4, CuSO4 and selenium powder. The
formed (NH4)2 SO4 was mixed with NaOH during distillation. The liberated ammonia was received in
4% boric acid (H3BO3) solution and 5 drops of mixed indicator of bromocresol green (C2H14O5BO4S)
and methyl red (C10H10N3O2) solution. Finally the distillate was titrated with standard (0.05N) H2SO4
until the color changed to pink (Jackson, 1973).
The % N in plant was calculated by the following formula:

Where; T = Titration value for sample (ml.), B = Titration value for blank (ml), N = Normality of H2SO4,
S = Weight of the sample (g), 1 mL N H2SO4 0.014 g N

Exactly 0.5 g plant sample was taken in a 250 ml conical flask and 10 ml of di-acid mixture (HNO3 :
HClO4 = 2 : 1) was added to each conical flask. The flask was then placed on an electric hot plate and
heated until white fumes were evolved. Then the flask was removed from the hot plate and allowed to
cool. After cooling, the digest was filtered and transferred to a 100 ml volumetric flask and the final
volume was made up to 100 ml with distilled water (Singh, 1999). From the digest, phosphorus,
potassium and sulphur were analyzed by following standard methods.
Phosphorus in the digest was determined colorimetrically using SnCl2 as reducing agent. The intensity of
color read at 660 nm wave length with a spectrophotometer (Jackson, 1973). Potassium of the plant
sample was determined with the help of flame emission spectrophotometer. The samples were aspirated
into a gas flame. The air pressure was fixed at 10 PSI. Percent emission was recorded following the
method described by Ghosh et al. (1983).
The collected data on different growth and yield parameters and nutrient contents of mungbean were
statistically analyzed. The means for all treatments were calculated and the analyses of variances for all
the characters were performed by F variance test using MSTAT-C computer package program. The
significance of difference between pair of means was performed by the Dancans Multiple Range Test
(DMRT) (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).
Results and Discussion
Plant height: Tallest plant was found in N3 (40.52 cm) followed by N2 (40.31cm) whereas shortest plant
from N0 (36.22 cm). Ashraf et al. (2003) found that seed inoculation with Rhizobium phaseoli + 50:50:0
kg NPK ha-1 was the best treatment for mungbeans (cv. NM-98). Plant height varied in response to
various doses of added fertilizer and cultivars also recorded by many other researchers (Ashraf et al.,
2003; Sirohi and Kumar, 2006; Rahim et al., 2008; Sultana et al., 2009; Law-Ogbomo and Egharevb,
2009; Bozorgi et al., 2011 and Taj, 1996).
Number of leaves/plant: The number of leaves/plant differed significantly due to different nitrogen
doses. Maximum number of leaves/plant was recorded in N3 (19.14) while minimum from N0 (15.41).
Results showed that number of leaves/plant was positively influenced by higher doses of nitrogen
fertilizer. An adequate supply of N is associated with vigorous vegetative growth (Marti and Mills,
1991).
Number of branches/plant: The number of branches/plant differed significantly due to different
nitrogen doses. Maximum number of branches/plant was recorded in N3 (10.09) which was statistically
similar with N2 and N1 whereas minimum from N0 (8.142). It clearly seems from the results that, number
of branches/plant increased with increasing rate of nitrogen fertilizer. Sultana et al. (2009) found similar
results while experimenting with mungbean. Nitrogenous fertilizers are the key factors for increasing the
number of branches/plant (Majnoon Hosseini, 2003). It can be seen in the number of branches increased
with increasing nitrogen. This can be it justifies that increasing nitrogen can increase factors such as root
growth, increased leaf area, increasing the number of leaves and at last vegetative growth and uses of
environmental factors would be better. Because the plant is growing well and fast (Eman et al., 2013).
Average dry weight plant: The average dry weight/plant differed significantly due to different nitrogen
doses. Maximum average dry weight/plant was recorded in N3 (7.35 g) which was statistically similar
with N2 (7.31 g) while minimum from N0 (5.74 g) (Table 1). Results show that average dry weight plant-1
was positively influenced by higher nitrogen fertilizer doses. This is in conformity with Sultana et al.

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Mainul et al. 174
-1
(2009) who found that 20 kg N ha significantly gave higher values for all growth parameters in
mungbean thus may influence the average dry weight of pulses. Accumulation of much dry weights
might be due to more internal nutrient of plant due to application of the appropriate nitrogen which
caused increase in both cell division and cell elongation and also increased carbohydrate synthesis and
hence the growth was also increased (Karmer, 1998).
Number of pods/plant: The number of pods/plant differed significantly due to different nitrogen doses.
Maximum number of pods/plant was recorded in N3, N2 and N1 (15.90) while minimum from N0 (9.358).
From the results it can be stated that nitrogen has a positive effect on number of pods/plant of BARI
Mung 6. Ahmad et al.
(1992) and Hussain (1994) who reported that nitrogen increased the number of pods per plant of
mungbean.
Number of seeds/pod: Maximum number of pods/plant were found from N3 (4.49) followed by N2
(4.23), N1 (3.93), and N0 (3.44) which statistically identical. Taj (1996) and Masih (1998) reported that
application of nitrogen increases the number of seeds/pod.
1000-seed weight: The 1000-seed weight differed significantly due to different nitrogen doses.
Maximum 1000-seed weight found in N3 (42.56 g) that was statistically identical with N2 (41.22 g)
whereas minimum from N0 (35.44 g). From the results, it is confirmed that 1000-seed weight was
positively affected by higher nitrogen doses. The 10-30-30 kg NPK ha-1 was found out as the best
treatment by Oad and Buriro (2005) for mungbean cv. AEM 96 in Tandojam, Pakistan during the spring
season of 2004.
Seed yield/ha: N3 (1.058 tha-1) provided maximum seed yield that was statistically similar with N2
whereas minimum from N0 (0.5365 tha-1). Sultana et al. (2009) found that application of 20 kg N ha-1
produced significantly more seed yield (1,982 kgha-1) in mungbean. Seed yield per plant were increased
due to the application of nitrogenous fertilizers (Patel and Pramer, 1986; Taj, 1996).
Stover yield/ha: The stover yield differed due to nitrogen doses. Maximum stover yield (2.084 tha-1)
was found in N3, N2 and N1 while minimum from N0 (1.514 tha-1).
Nitrogen content in seeds (%): Variation of nitrogen (N) content in seed differed significantly due to
different nitrogen doses. Maximum N content in seed was recorded in N3 (3.598 %) while minimum
from N0 (3.132%).
Phosphorus content in seeds (%): The phosphorus (P) content in seed also differed significantly due to
nitrogen doses. Maximum P content in seed was recorded in N3 (0.4800%) while minimum was found
from N0 (0.4200%).
Potassium content in seeds (%): The potassium (K) content was found different due to different
nitrogen doses. Maximum K content in seed was recorded in N3 (1.264%) while minimum was found
from N0 (1.126%).
Table 1. Effect of different nitrogen levels on growth and yield related attributes of mungbean (BARI
Mung 6)

At harvest Average Number

Number of
Treatments Plant height Number Number of dry weight of seeds/
pods/plant
(cm) of leaves branches (g)/plant pod
N0 36.22 c 15.41 c 8.14 c 5.74 b 9.36 c 3.44 a
N1 38.60 b 17.63 b 8.86 bc 6.80 ab 11.38 b 3.93 a
N2 40.31 ab 19.01 a 9.85 ab 7.31 a 15.67 a 4.23 a
N3 40.52 a 19.14 a 10.09 a 7.35 a 15.90 a 4.49 a
LSD0.01 1.77 1.37 1.16 1.29 1.49 1.33
CV% 2.33 3.13 6.50 8.01 5.44 2.89
Table 2. Effect of different nitrogen levels on yield related attributes and NPK content in seed of
mungbean (BARI Mung 6)
Content in seed (%)
1000-seed weight Seed Stover
Treatments
(gm) yield/ha yield/ha N P K
N0 35.44 c 0.54 c 1.51 c 3.13 c 0.42 b 1.13 c
N1 38.58 b 0.77 b 1.71 b 3.46 b 0.45 ab 1.20 b
N2 41.22 a 1.06 a 1.81 b 3.52 ab 0.47 ab 1.24 ab
N3 42.56 a 1.06 a 2.08 a 3.60 a 0.48 ab 1.26 a
LSD0.01 1.89 0.19 0.13 0.14 0.60 0.05
CV% 7.51 3.91 5.01 1.29 1.87 2.30
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Performance of Mungbean 175

Conclusion
From the result of the current study it can be stated that application of the 25 kg N/ha provided the best
performance on growth, yield and NPK content in seed of BARI Mungbean 6 and it can be concluded
that application of the nitrogenous fertilizers could increases the growth and yield of the mungbean.
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