STAADPro V8i Verification Manual

STAAD.
Pro
V8i (SELECTseries 3)
Verification Manual
DAA038960-1/0002
STAADVerification Problems
Release STAAD.Pro 20.07.08.XX
Date last updated:10 October 2011
Quality Assurance Program

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Verification Manual iii

Table of Contents
STAADVerification Problems
1 Plane Truss: Support Reactions Due to a Joint Load 1
2 Natural Frequency Calculation 5
3 Deflection and Moments for a Plate-Bending Finite Element 9
4 Support Reactions for a Simple Frame 15
5 Deflection and stress for a simple beam 21
6 Plane Frame with no Sidesway 27
7 Plane Truss Joint Deflection 33
8 Unequal Plane frame with Sidesway 39
9 Multiple level plane frame with horizontal loads 45
10 Forces in a Space Frame 51
11 Temperature load in different materials 57
12 Deflection and stress of a truss system 63
13 Steel Design per 1989 AISC Code 69
14 Concrete Design per ACI 318 Code 81
15 Natural Modes of a Simple Beam 87
16 Natural Frequencies of a Circular Plate 95
17 Natural Frequencies of a Rectangular Plate 103
18 Natural Modes of a Framework 111
19 Response of a Simply Supported Beam to a Shock Spectrum 121
20 Thermal Loading on a Simply Supported Rectangular Plate 129
21 Deflection Calculation Through Pushover Analysis 143
22 Fixed Fixed Beam Excited by Harmonic Distributed Load 153
iv STAAD.Pro
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Verification Manual v
1 Plane Truss: Support Reactions Due to a Joint
Load
Objective
To find the support reactions due to a joint load in a plane truss.
Reference
Timoshenko, S., Strength of Materials, Part 1, D. Van Nostrand Co., Inc., 3rd edition, 1956, page
346, problem 3.
Problem
Determine the horizontal reaction at support 4 of the system.
Figure 1-1: Plane truss
Comparison
Table 1-1: Comparison of Support Reaction, in kips, for verification problem no.
1
STAAD STAAD
Result Type Theory
Basic Solver Advanced Solver
R 8.77 8.77 8.77

4
STAAD Output
Verification Manual 1
1 Plane Truss: Support Reactions Due to a Joint Load
****************************************************
* *
* STAAD.Pro V8i SELECTseries2 *
* Version 20.07.07.32 *
* Proprietary Program of *
* Bentley Systems, Inc. *
* Date= MAR 9, 2011 *
* Time= 11: 4:26 *
* *
* USER ID: Bentley Systems, Inc. *
****************************************************
1. STAAD TRUSS :A PLANE TRUSS
INPUT FILE: ver01.STD
2. * FILE: VER01.STD
3. *
4. * REFERENCE `STRENGTH OF MATERIALS' PART-1 BY S. TIMOSHENKO
5. * PAGE 346 PROBLEM NO. 3. THE ANSWER IS REACTION = 0.877P.
6. * THEREFORE IF P=10, REACTION = 8.77
7. *
8. UNITS INCH KIP
9. JOINT COORD
10. 1 0. 0. ; 2 150. 100. ; 3 150. 50. ; 4 300. 0.
11. MEMBER INCI
12. 1 1 2 ; 2 1 3 ; 3 2 3 ; 4 2 4 ; 5 3 4
13. MEMB PROP
14. 1 4 PRIS AX 5.0 ; 2 5 PRIS AX 3.0 ; 3 PRIS AX 2
15. CONSTANT ; E 30000. ALL
16. SUPPORT ; 1 4 PINNED
17. LOADING 1
18. JOINT LOAD ; 2 FY -10.
19. PERFORM ANALYSIS
**WARNING** THE POISSON'S RATIO HAS NOT BEEN SPECIFIED FOR ONE OR MORE
MEMBERS/ELEMENTS/SOLIDS. THE DEFAULT VALUE HAS BEEN SET FOR THE SAME.
P R O B L E M S T A T I S T I C S
-----------------------------------
NUMBER OF JOINTS/MEMBER+ELEMENTS/SUPPORTS = 4/ 5/ 2
SOLVER USED IS THE OUT-OF-CORE BASIC SOLVER
ORIGINAL/FINAL BAND-WIDTH= 2/ 2/ 4 DOF
TOTAL PRIMARY LOAD CASES = 1, TOTAL DEGREES OF FREEDOM = 4
SIZE OF STIFFNESS MATRIX = 1 DOUBLE KILO-WORDS
REQRD/AVAIL. DISK SPACE = 12.0/ 120711.0 MB
:A PLANE TRUSS -- PAGE NO. 2
* FILE: VER01.STD
20. PRINT REACTION
* FILE: VER01.STD
SUPPORT REACTIONS -UNIT KIP INCH STRUCTURE TYPE = TRUSS
-----------------
JOINT LOAD FORCE-X FORCE-Y FORCE-Z MOM-X MOM-Y MOM Z
1 1 8.77 5.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4 1 -8.77 5.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
************** END OF LATEST ANALYSIS RESULT **************
21. FINISH
*********** END OF THE STAAD.Pro RUN ***********
**** DATE= MAR 9,2011 TIME= 11: 4:26 ****
* FILE: VER01.STD
************************************************************
* For questions on STAAD.Pro, please contact *
* Bentley Systems or Partner offices *
* *
* Telephone Web / Email *
* USA +1 (714) 974-2500 *
* UK +44 (0) 808 101 9246 *
* SINGAPORE +65 6225-6158 *
* FRANCE +33 (0) 1 55238400 *
2 STAAD.Pro
* GERMANY +49 0931 40468 *

* INDIA +91 (033) 4006-2021 *
* JAPAN +81 (03)5952-6500 http://www.ctc-g.co.jp *
* CHINA +86 21 6288 4040 *
* THAILAND +66 (0)2645-1018/19 partha.p@reisoftwareth.com*
* *
* Worldwide http://selectservices.bentley.com/en-US/ *
* *
************************************************************
* FILE: VER01.STD
Information about the key files in the current distribution
Modification Date CRC Size (Bytes) File Name
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
03/02/2011 0xe4c0 18427904 SProStaad.exe
02/22/2011 0xc181 08667136 SProStaadStl.exe
09/19/2003 0x2fc0 00081970 CMesh.dll
02/17/2011 0xa7c1 04276294 dbsectioninterface.dll
02/22/2011 0x12c0 00294912 EC3Annex.dll
02/22/2011 0x2900 00376832 EuroCode3.dll
12/02/2010 0xa6c1 00086016 IS800SteelDesign.dll
01/24/2001 0x9b40 00073728 LoadGen.dll
11/19/2010 0xeb80 00011264 MathExtensions.dll
09/25/2003 0x6340 00704512 MeshEngine.dll
02/22/2011 0x2480 00058368 NORSOKSteelDesign.dll
09/22/2003 0xce00 00069632 QuadPlateEngine.dll
12/02/2010 0x5040 00073728 SteelCollection.dll
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10/08/2010 0xa940 00072192 SteelSections.dll
05/29/2008 0x77c1 00106572 SurfMeshEngine.dll
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02/08/2011 0xfc00 00974848 AISCSections.mdb
06/13/2006 0xd4c1 01204224 AISCSectionsRCeco.mdb
06/05/2007 0xbc00 00331776 aiscsections_all_editions.mdb
01/05/2005 0x4b81 01810432 aiscsteeljoists.mdb
01/05/2005 0xcac1 03651584 aitctimbersections.mdb
05/01/2008 0xb001 00552960 aluminumsections.mdb
01/14/2010 0x40 01019904 AustralianColdFormedSections.mdb
10/02/2008 0x40 00520192 AustralianSections.mdb
06/11/2010 0xa101 00585728 BritishSections.mdb
09/12/2006 0xf4c0 00466944 bscoldformedsections.mdb
06/28/2005 0x8201 00327680 butlercoldformedsections.mdb
02/25/2008 0x2e01 00329728 CanadianSections.mdb
09/26/2006 0x5ec1 00280576 CanadianSections_old.mdb
05/31/2005 0x9e81 00450560 canadiantimbersections.mdb
02/10/2010 0x94c1 00483328 ChineseSections.mdb
01/05/2005 0xd6c0 00600064 dutchsections.mdb
10/07/2010 0xd2c0 03596290 EuropeanSections.mdb
01/25/2011 0xc901 00692224 EuropeanSectionsLegacy.mdb
01/05/2005 0xd301 00202752 frenchsections.mdb
01/05/2005 0x11c1 00233472 germansections.mdb
10/06/2010 0x1bc1 00393216 GOSTColdFormedSections.mdb
12/08/2009 0x6ac0 00569344 IndianLegacySections.mdb
12/08/2009 0xec1 00942080 IndianSections.mdb
01/05/2005 0xd540 00180224 iscoldformedsections.mdb
02/21/2008 0xc380 00327680 JapaneseColdFormedSections.mdb
03/23/2006 0xa080 00200704 japanesesections.mdb
02/04/2011 0x3300 00495616 JindalSections.mdb
11/09/2005 0x9081 00376832 Kingspancoldformedsections.mdb
08/24/2007 0x3ec0 00454656 Koreansections.mdb
04/24/2007 0x99c0 00114688 lysaghtcoldformedsections.mdb
02/07/2005 0x9a00 00243712 mexicansteeltables.mdb
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11/20/2009 0xf700 00428034 RussianSections.mdb
05/12/2009 0xe001 00237570 SouthAfricanSections.mdb
01/06/2005 0x9341 00194560 spanishsections.mdb
11/20/2009 0x5100 00368640 STO_ASChMSections.mdb

04/19/2007 0x7480 00223232 uscoldformedsections.mdb
10/31/2007 0x3700 00133120 VenezuelanSections.mdb
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4 STAAD.Pro
2 Natural Frequency Calculation
Objective
To find the period of free vibration for a beam supported on two springs with a point mass.
Reference
Timoshenko, S., Young, D., and Weaver, W., Vibration Problems in Engineering, John Wiley &
Sons, 4th edition, 1974. page 11, problem 1.1-3.
Problem
A simple beam is supported by two spring as shown in the figure. Neglecting the distributed mass
of the beam, calculate the period of free vibration of the beam subjected to a load of W.
Figure 2-1: Beam supported on springs
Given
EI = 30000.0 ksi
A = 7.0 ft
B = 3.0 ft.
W = 1000 lbf
K = 300.0 lb/in.
Comparison
Table 2-1: Comparison of period, in sec., for verification problem no. 2
STAAD STAAD
Result Type Theory
Period, sec 0.533 0.533 0.533
STAAD Output
****************************************************
* *
* Version 20.07.07.32 *
* Date= MAR 9, 2011 *
* Time= 11: 4:31 *
* *
****************************************************
1. STAAD PLANE :NATURAL FREQUENCY OF A BEAM SUPPORTED ON TWO SPRINGS
3. *
4. * REFERENCE: TIMOSHENKO,YOUNG,WEAVER, "VIBRATION PROBLEMS IN
5. * ENGINEERING", 4TH EDITION, JOHN WILEY & SONS,
6. * NEW YORK, 1974, PAGE 11, PROB 1.1-3
7. * THE ANSWER IN THE BOOK IS T = 0.533 SEC., VIZ., F = 1.876 CPS
8. *
9. UNIT POUND FEET
10. JOINT COORD ; 1 0. 0. ; 2 7. 0. ; 3 10. 0.
11. MEMB INCI ; 1 1 2 2
12. UNIT INCH
13. SUPPORT
14. 1 3 FIXED BUT MZ KFY 300.
15. MEMB PROP ; 1 2 PRIS AX 1. IZ 1.
16. CONSTANT ; E 30E6 ALL
17. CUT OFF MODE SHAPE 1
18. LOADING 1 1000 LB LOAD AT JOINT 2
19. JOINT LOAD ; 2 FY -1000.
20. MODAL CALCULATION
21. PERFORM ANALYS
-----------------------------------
:NATURAL FREQUENCY OF A BEAM SUPPORTED ON TWO SPRINGS -- PAGE NO. 2
* FILE: VER02.STD
NUMBER OF MODES REQUESTED = 1
NUMBER OF EXISTING MASSES IN THE MODEL = 1
NUMBER OF MODES THAT WILL BE USED = 1
* FILE: VER02.STD
CALCULATED FREQUENCIES FOR LOAD CASE 1
MODE FREQUENCY(CYCLES/SEC) PERIOD(SEC) ACCURACY
1 1.876 0.53317 2.047E-16
MODAL WEIGHT (MODAL MASS TIMES g) IN POUN GENERALIZED
MODE X Y Z WEIGHT
1 0.000000E+00 9.999999E+02 0.000000E+00 9.999999E+02
MASS PARTICIPATION FACTORS IN PERCENT
--------------------------------------
MODE X Y Z SUMM-X SUMM-Y SUMM-Z
1 0.00100.00 0.00 0.000 100.000 0.000
22. FINISH
**** DATE= MAR 9,2011 TIME= 11: 4:31 ****
* FILE: VER02.STD
************************************************************
6 STAAD.Pro

* *
* USA +1 (714) 974-2500 *
* UK +44 (0) 808 101 9246 *
* SINGAPORE +65 6225-6158 *
* FRANCE +33 (0) 1 55238400 *
* GERMANY +49 0931 40468 *
* INDIA +91 (033) 4006-2021 *
* CHINA +86 21 6288 4040 *
* *
* *
************************************************************
* FILE: VER02.STD
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
09/19/2003 0x2fc0 00081970 CMesh.dll
02/22/2011 0x12c0 00294912 EC3Annex.dll
02/22/2011 0x2900 00376832 EuroCode3.dll
01/24/2001 0x9b40 00073728 LoadGen.dll
09/25/2003 0x6340 00704512 MeshEngine.dll

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8 STAAD.Pro
3 Deflection and Moments for a Plate-Bending
Finite Element
Objective
To find the deflection and moments for plate-bending finite element due to a pressure load.
Reference
Simple hand calculation by considering the entire structure as a cantilever beam.
Problem
A simple cantilever plate is divided into 12 4-noded finite elements. A uniform pressure load is
applied and the maximum deflection at the tip of the cantilever and the maximum bending at the
support are calculated.
Figure 3-1: Finite element mesh of cantilevered plate.
Given
Plate thickness = 25 mm
Uniform pressure= 5 N/mm 2
Plate length = 6 spaces at 50 mm = 300 mm
Plate width = 2 space at 50 mm = 100 mm
3 Deflection and Moments for a Plate-Bending Finite Element
Hand Calculation
Max. deflection = WL3/8EI
Where:
WL3/8EI = [(5 300 100) (300)3] / [8 (210 103N/mm2)x(100 253/12)] = (405 1010)
/ (21,875 107) = 18.51 mm
Max. moment = WL/2 = (5 300 100) 300/2 = 22.5(10)6Nmm = 22.5 KNm
Comparison
Table 3-1: Comparison of max. defl. and max. moment for verification problem
no. 3
STAAD STAAD
Hand
Result Type Basic Advanced
Calculation
Solver Solver
(mm) 18.51 18.20 18.20

max
M (KNm) 22.50 22.50 22.50

max
STAAD Output
10 STAAD.Pro
****************************************************
* *
* Version 20.07.07.32 *
* Date= MAR 9, 2011 *
* Time= 11: 4:35 *
* *
****************************************************
1. STAAD SPACE FINITE ELEMENT VERIFICATION
2. *
3. * FILE : VER03.STD
4. *
5. * DEFLECTION OF A CANTILEVER PLATE UNDER UNIFORM PRESSURE.
6. * COMPARISON WITH ESTABLISHED FORMULA (WL^3/8EI)
7. *
8. UNIT KNS MMS
9. JOINT COORDINATES
10. 1 0 0 0 7 300 0 0
11. REPEAT 2 0 50 0
12. *
13. ELEMENT INCIDENCE
14. 1 1 2 9 8 TO 6
15. REPEAT 1 6 7
16. *
17. ELEMENT PROP
18. 1 TO 12 THICK 25.0
19. *
20. CONSTANT
21. E 210.0 ALL
22. POISSON STEEL ALL
23. *
24. SUPPORT
25. 1 8 15 FIXED
26. *
27. UNIT NEWTON
28. LOAD 1 5N/SQ.MM. UNIFORM LOAD
29. ELEMENT LOAD
30. 1 TO 12 PRESSURE 5.0
31. *
FINITE ELEMENT VERIFICATION -- PAGE NO. 2
*
-----------------------------------
33. *
34. PRINT DISPLACEMENT LIST 14
*
JOINT DISPLACEMENT (CM RADIANS) STRUCTURE TYPE = SPACE
------------------
JOINT LOAD X-TRANS Y-TRANS Z-TRANS X-ROTAN Y-ROTAN Z-ROTAN
14 1 0.0000 0.0000 1.8159 0.0000 -0.0813 0.0000
35. *
36. UNIT KN METER
37. PRINT REACTION

*
SUPPORT REACTIONS -UNIT KN METE STRUCTURE TYPE = SPACE
-----------------
1 1 0.00 0.00 -18.91 -1.54 5.47 0.00
8 1 0.00 0.00 -112.19 0.00 11.56 0.00
15 1 0.00 0.00 -18.91 1.54 5.47 0.00
38. FINISH
*
**** DATE= MAR 9,2011 TIME= 11: 4:36 ****
************************************************************
* *
* USA +1 (714) 974-2500 *
* UK +44 (0) 808 101 9246 *
* SINGAPORE +65 6225-6158 *
* FRANCE +33 (0) 1 55238400 *
* GERMANY +49 0931 40468 *
* INDIA +91 (033) 4006-2021 *
* CHINA +86 21 6288 4040 *
* *
* *
************************************************************
*
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
09/19/2003 0x2fc0 00081970 CMesh.dll
02/22/2011 0x12c0 00294912 EC3Annex.dll
02/22/2011 0x2900 00376832 EuroCode3.dll
01/24/2001 0x9b40 00073728 LoadGen.dll
09/25/2003 0x6340 00704512 MeshEngine.dll
12 STAAD.Pro

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTES
14 STAAD.Pro
4 Support Reactions for a Simple Frame
Objective
To find support reactions due to a load at the free end of a cantilever bent plate with an
intermediate support.
Reference
Timoshenko, S., Strength of Materials, Part 1, D. Van Nostrand Co., Inc., 3rd edition, 1956, page
346, problem 2.
Problem
Determine the reaction of the system as shown in the figure.
Figure 4-1: Cantilever model
Given
P = 1 kip
L = 10 in
Comparison
Table 4-1: Comparison of reaction, in kips, for verification problem no. 4
STAAD STAAD
Result Type Theory
R 1.5 1.5 1.5

x
STAAD Output
16 STAAD.Pro
****************************************************
* *
* Version 20.07.07.32 *
* Date= MAR 9, 2011 *
* Time= 11: 4:40 *
* *
****************************************************
1. STAAD PLANE :A CANTILEVER PLANE FRAME WITH AN INTERMEDIATE SUPPORT
2. * FILE VER04.STD
3. *
4. * REFERENCE: 'STRENGTH OF MATERIALS' PART-1 BY S. TIMOSHENKO
5. * PAGE 346 PROBLEM NO. 2. THE ANSWER IN THE BOOK AFTER
6. * RECALCULATION = 1.5
7. *
8. UNIT INCH KIP
9. JOINT COORD
10. 1 0. 0. ; 2 0. 10. ; 3 0. 20. ; 4 10. 20.
11. SUPPORT
12. 1 FIXED ; 2 FIXED BUT FY MZ
13. MEMB INCI
14. 1 1 2 3
15. MEMB PROP ; 1 2 3 PRIS AX 10. IZ 100.
17. LOADING 1
18. JOINT LOAD ; 4 FY -1.
-----------------------------------
:A CANTILEVER PLANE FRAME WITH AN INTERMEDIATE SUPPORT -- PAGE NO. 2
* FILE VER04.STD
20. PRINT REACTION
* FILE VER04.STD
SUPPORT REACTIONS -UNIT KIP INCH STRUCTURE TYPE = PLANE
-----------------
1 1 1.50 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -5.00
2 1 -1.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
21. FINISH
**** DATE= MAR 9,2011 TIME= 11: 4:40 ****
* FILE VER04.STD
************************************************************
* *
* USA +1 (714) 974-2500 *
* UK +44 (0) 808 101 9246 *
* SINGAPORE +65 6225-6158 *
* FRANCE +33 (0) 1 55238400 *
* GERMANY +49 0931 40468 *

* INDIA +91 (033) 4006-2021 *
* CHINA +86 21 6288 4040 *
* *
* *
************************************************************
* FILE VER04.STD
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
09/19/2003 0x2fc0 00081970 CMesh.dll
02/22/2011 0x12c0 00294912 EC3Annex.dll
02/22/2011 0x2900 00376832 EuroCode3.dll
01/24/2001 0x9b40 00073728 LoadGen.dll
09/25/2003 0x6340 00704512 MeshEngine.dll
18 STAAD.Pro

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTES
20 STAAD.Pro
5 Deflection and stress for a simple beam
Objective
To find deflections and stress at the center of a locomotive axle.
Reference
Timoshenko, S.,Strength of Materials, Part- 1, D. Van Nostrand Co., 3rd edition, 1956. page 97,
problems 1, 2.
Problem
Determine the maximum stress in a locomotive axle (as shown in the figure) as well as the
deflection at the middle of the axle.
Figure 5-1: Locomotive axle model
Given
Diameter = 10 in.,
P = 26000 lbf
E = 30E6 psi
L1 = 13.5 in., L2 = 59 in.
Comparison
Table 5-1: Comparison of stress (), psi, and Deflection (), in. for verification
model no. 5
STAAD STAAD
Result Type Theory
3575.* 3575. 3575.
0.01040 0.01037 0.01037
* The value is recalculated.
STAAD Output
22 STAAD.Pro
****************************************************
* *
* Version 20.07.07.32 *
* Date= MAR 9, 2011 *
* Time= 11: 4:46 *
* *
****************************************************
1. STAAD PLANE :A LOCOMOTIVE AXLE
3. *
4. * REFERENCE 'STRENGTH OF MATERIALS' PART-1 BY S. TIMOSHENKO
5. * PAGE 97 PROBLEM NO. 1 AND 2.
6. * ANSWERS ARE 3580 FOR MAX. STRESS AND 0.104 INCH FOR MAX. DEFLN.
7. *
8. UNIT INCH POUND
9. JOINT COORD
10. 1 0. 0. ; 2 13.5 0. ; 3 43. 0. ; 4 72.5 0. ; 5 86. 0.
12. MEMB INCI ; 1 1 2 4
13. MEMB PROP ; 1 TO 4 TABLE ST PIPE OD 10. ID 0.
15. LOADING 1
16. JOINT LOAD ; 1 5 FY -26000.
-----------------------------------
18. PRINT MEMBER STRESSES
:A LOCOMOTIVE AXLE -- PAGE NO. 2
* FILE: VER05.STD
* FILE: VER05.STD
MEMBER STRESSES
---------------
ALL UNITS ARE POUN/SQ INCH
MEMB LD SECT AXIAL BEND-Y BEND-Z COMBINED SHEAR-Y SHEAR-Z
1 1 .0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 441.4 0.0
1.00 0.0 0.0 3575.3 3575.3 441.4 0.0
2 1 .0 0.0 0.0 3575.3 3575.3 0.0 0.0
1.00 0.0 0.0 3575.3 3575.3 0.0 0.0
3 1 .0 0.0 0.0 3575.3 3575.3 0.0 0.0
1.00 0.0 0.0 3575.3 3575.3 0.0 0.0
4 1 .0 0.0 0.0 3575.3 3575.3 441.4 0.0
1.00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 441.4 0.0
19. PRINT DISPLACEMENTS
* FILE: VER05.STD
JOINT DISPLACEMENT (INCH RADIANS) STRUCTURE TYPE = PLANE
------------------
1 1 0.00000 -0.01138 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00086
2 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00070
3 1 0.00000 0.01037 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
4 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 -0.00070

5 1 0.00000 -0.01138 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 -0.00086
20. FINISH
**** DATE= MAR 9,2011 TIME= 11: 4:46 ****
* FILE: VER05.STD
************************************************************
* *
* USA +1 (714) 974-2500 *
* UK +44 (0) 808 101 9246 *
* SINGAPORE +65 6225-6158 *
* FRANCE +33 (0) 1 55238400 *
* GERMANY +49 0931 40468 *
* INDIA +91 (033) 4006-2021 *
* CHINA +86 21 6288 4040 *
* *
* *
************************************************************
* FILE: VER05.STD
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
09/19/2003 0x2fc0 00081970 CMesh.dll
02/22/2011 0x12c0 00294912 EC3Annex.dll
02/22/2011 0x2900 00376832 EuroCode3.dll
01/24/2001 0x9b40 00073728 LoadGen.dll
09/25/2003 0x6340 00704512 MeshEngine.dll
24 STAAD.Pro

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTES
26 STAAD.Pro
6 Plane Frame with no Sidesway
Objective
To find the maximum moment due to a uniform load on the horizontal member in a 1x1 bay plane
frame.
Reference
McCormack, J. C., Structural Analysis, Intext Educational Publishers, 3rd edition, 1975, page 383,
example 22 - 5.
Problem
Determine the maximum moment in the frame.
Figure 6-1: 1x1 bay plane frame
Given
E and I same for all members.
Comparison
Table 6-1: Comparison of moment, in kip-ft, for verification problem no. 6
STAAD STAAD
Result Type Theory
M 44.40 44.44 44.44

Max
STAAD Output
28 STAAD.Pro
****************************************************
* *
* Version 20.07.07.32 *
* Date= MAR 9, 2011 *
* Time= 11: 4:50 *
* *
****************************************************
1. STAAD PLANE :A 1X1 BAY PLANE FRAME
2. * FILE VER06.STD
3. *
4. * REFERENCE: 'STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS' BY JACK C. MCCORMACK,
5. * PAGE 383 EXAMPLE 22-5, PLANE FRAME WITH NO SIDESWAY
6. * ANSWER - MAX BENDING = 44.4 FT-KIP
7. *
8. UNIT FT KIP
9. JOINT COORD
10. 1 0. 0. ; 2 0. 20. ; 3 20. 20. ; 4 20. 0.
11. MEMB INCI ; 1 1 2 3
12. MEMB PROP ; 1 2 3 PRIS AX 1. IZ 0.05
14. SUPPORT ; 1 4 FIXED
15. LOADING 1 ; MEMB LOAD ; 2 UNI Y -2.0
-----------------------------------
17. PRINT FORCES
:A 1X1 BAY PLANE FRAME -- PAGE NO. 2
* FILE VER06.STD
MEMBER END FORCES STRUCTURE TYPE = PLANE
-----------------
ALL UNITS ARE -- KIP FEET (LOCAL )
MEMBER LOAD JT AXIAL SHEAR-Y SHEAR-Z TORSION MOM-Y MOM-Z
1 1 1 20.00 -3.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 -22.21
2 -20.00 3.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 -44.44
2 1 2 3.33 20.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 44.44
3 -3.33 20.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -44.44
3 1 3 20.00 3.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 44.44
4 -20.00 -3.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 22.21
18. FINISH
**** DATE= MAR 9,2011 TIME= 11: 4:50 ****
* FILE VER06.STD
************************************************************
* *
* USA +1 (714) 974-2500 *
* UK +44 (0) 808 101 9246 *
* SINGAPORE +65 6225-6158 *
* FRANCE +33 (0) 1 55238400 *
* GERMANY +49 0931 40468 *

* INDIA +91 (033) 4006-2021 *
* CHINA +86 21 6288 4040 *
* *
* *
************************************************************
* FILE VER06.STD
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
09/19/2003 0x2fc0 00081970 CMesh.dll
02/22/2011 0x12c0 00294912 EC3Annex.dll
02/22/2011 0x2900 00376832 EuroCode3.dll
01/24/2001 0x9b40 00073728 LoadGen.dll
09/25/2003 0x6340 00704512 MeshEngine.dll
30 STAAD.Pro

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTES
32 STAAD.Pro
7 Plane Truss Joint Deflection
Objective
To find the joint deflection due to joint loads in a plane truss.
Reference
example 18 - 2.
Problem
Determine the vertical deflection at point 5 of plane truss structure shown in the figure.
Figure 7-1: Plane truss model
Given
P = 20 kip
Truss width = 4 spaces at 15 ft = 60 ft

Truss height = 15 ft
A = 1 in2, A = 2 in2, A =1.5 in2,

X 1-4 X 5-6 X 7-8
A =3 2P
in , A =4 in2
X 9-11B X 12-13
E = 30E3 ksi
Comparison
Table 7-1: Comparison of deflection () for verification problem no. 7
STAAD STAAD
Result Type Theory
(in.) 2.63 2.63 2.63

5
STAAD Output
34 STAAD.Pro
****************************************************
* *
* Version 20.07.07.32 *
* Date= MAR 9, 2011 *
* Time= 11: 4:55 *
* *
****************************************************
2. * FILE VER07.STD
3. *
4. * REFERENCE 'STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS' BY JACK MCCORMACK, PAGE 271,
5. * EXAMPLE 18-2. ANSWER - Y-DISP AT JOINT 5 = 2.63 INCH
6. *
8. UNIT FT KIP
9. JOINT COORD
10. 1 0 0 0 5 60 0 0
11. 6 15. 7.5 ; 7 30. 15. ; 8 45. 7.5
12. SUPPORT
13. 1 PINNED ; 3 FIXED BUT FX MZ
14. MEMB INCI
15. 1 2 6 ; 2 3 4 ; 3 4 8 ; 4 4 5 ; 5 1 2
16. 6 2 3 ; 7 3 6 ; 8 3 8 ; 9 3 7
17. 10 1 6 ; 11 5 8 ; 12 6 7 13
18. UNIT INCH
19. MEMB PROP
20. 1 TO 4 PRI AX 1.0
21. 5 6 PRIS AX 2.
22. 7 8 PRI AX 1.5
23. 9 10 11 PRI AX 3.
24. 12 13 PRI AX 4.
26. LOAD 1 VERTICAL LOAD
27. JOINT LOAD
28. 2 4 5 FY -20.0
* FILE VER07.STD
-----------------------------------
30. PRINT DISPLACEMENTS LIST 5
* FILE VER07.STD
JOINT DISPLACEMENT (INCH RADIANS) STRUCTURE TYPE = TRUSS
------------------
5 1 -0.72000 -2.63033 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
31. FINISH
**** DATE= MAR 9,2011 TIME= 11: 4:55 ****
* FILE VER07.STD
************************************************************

* *
* USA +1 (714) 974-2500 *
* UK +44 (0) 808 101 9246 *
* SINGAPORE +65 6225-6158 *
* FRANCE +33 (0) 1 55238400 *
* GERMANY +49 0931 40468 *
* INDIA +91 (033) 4006-2021 *
* CHINA +86 21 6288 4040 *
* *
* *
************************************************************
* FILE VER07.STD
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
09/19/2003 0x2fc0 00081970 CMesh.dll
02/22/2011 0x12c0 00294912 EC3Annex.dll
02/22/2011 0x2900 00376832 EuroCode3.dll
01/24/2001 0x9b40 00073728 LoadGen.dll
09/25/2003 0x6340 00704512 MeshEngine.dll
36 STAAD.Pro

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTES
38 STAAD.Pro
8 Unequal Plane frame with Sidesway
Objective
To find the maximum moment due to a concentrated load on the horizontal member in a 1x1 bay
plane frame.
Reference
problem 22 - 6.
Problem
Determine the maximum moment in the structure.
Figure 8-1: Unequal leg bay model
Given
P = 30 kip
H1 = 20 ft, H3 = 30 ft
L = 30 ft, with P occurring at 10 ft from Leg #1
E and I same for all members
Comparison
Table 8-1: Comparison of max. moment, in kip-ft, for verification model no. 8
STAAD STAAD
Result Type Theory
M 69.40 69.44 69.44

Max
STAAD Output
40 STAAD.Pro
****************************************************
* *
* Version 20.07.07.32 *
* Date= MAR 9, 2011 *
* Time= 11: 5: 0 *
* *
****************************************************
2. * FILE VER08.STD
3. *
4. * REFERENCE: 'STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS' BY JACK MCCORMACK,
5. * PAGE 385 PROB 22-6.
6. * ANSWER - MAX BENDING IN MEMB 1 = 69.4 KIP-FT
7. *
8. UNIT FT KIP
9. JOINT COORD
10. 1 0. 10. ; 2 0 30 ; 3 30 30 ; 4 30 0
12. MEMB INCI
13. 1 1 2 3
14. MEMB PROP ; 1 2 3 TAB ST W12X26
15. CONSTANT ; E 4176E3
16. LOAD 1 VERTICAL LOAD
17. MEMBER LOAD
18. 2 CON Y -30. 10.
-----------------------------------
* FILE VER08.STD
20. PRINT FORCES
* FILE VER08.STD
-----------------
1 1 1 20.09 -3.74 0.00 0.00 0.00 -5.34
2 -20.09 3.74 0.00 0.00 0.00 -69.44
2 1 2 3.74 20.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 69.44
3 -3.74 9.91 0.00 0.00 0.00 -66.66
3 1 3 9.91 3.74 0.00 0.00 0.00 66.66
4 -9.91 -3.74 0.00 0.00 0.00 45.51
21. FINISH
**** DATE= MAR 9,2011 TIME= 11: 5: 0 ****
* FILE VER08.STD
************************************************************
* *

* USA +1 (714) 974-2500 *
* UK +44 (0) 808 101 9246 *
* SINGAPORE +65 6225-6158 *
* FRANCE +33 (0) 1 55238400 *
* GERMANY +49 0931 40468 *
* INDIA +91 (033) 4006-2021 *
* CHINA +86 21 6288 4040 *
* *
* *
************************************************************
* FILE VER08.STD
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
09/19/2003 0x2fc0 00081970 CMesh.dll
02/22/2011 0x12c0 00294912 EC3Annex.dll
02/22/2011 0x2900 00376832 EuroCode3.dll
01/24/2001 0x9b40 00073728 LoadGen.dll
09/25/2003 0x6340 00704512 MeshEngine.dll
42 STAAD.Pro

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTES
44 STAAD.Pro
9 Multiple level plane frame with horizontal loads
Objective
To find the maximum moment due to lateral joint loads in a 1x2 bay plane frame.
Reference
example 22 - 7.
Problem
Determine the maximum moment in the frame.
Figure 9-1: Two story frame model
Given
L = 20 ft
H3 = 20 kip, H5 = 10 kip
E and I same for all members.
Comparison
Table 9-1: Comparison of max. moment, in kip-ft, for verification problem no.
9
STAAD STAAD
Result Type Theory
M 176.40 178.01 178.01

Max
STAAD Output
46 STAAD.Pro
****************************************************
* *
* Version 20.07.07.32 *
* Date= MAR 9, 2011 *
* Time= 11: 5: 6 *
* *
****************************************************
3. *
4. * REFERENCE: 'STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS' BY JACK MCCORMACK,
5. * PAGE 388, PROB 22-7.
6. * ANSWER - MAX MOM IN MEMB 1 = 176.4 K-F
7. *
8. UNIT FT KIP
9. JOINT COORD
10. 1 0 0 0 5 0 40 0 2 ; 2 20 0 0 6 20 40 0 2
12. MEMB INCI
13. 1 1 3 2 ; 3 3 5 4 ; 5 3 4 ; 6 5 6
14. MEMB PROP
15. 1 TO 6 PRI AX .2 IZ .1
17. LOAD 1 HORIZONTAL LOAD
18. JOINT LOAD
19. 3 FX 20 ; 5 FX 10
20. PERFORM ANALYS
-----------------------------------
* FILE: VER09.STD
21. PRINT FORCES
* FILE: VER09.STD
-----------------
1 1 1 -22.26 15.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 178.01
3 22.26 -15.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 123.16
2 1 2 22.26 14.94 0.00 0.00 0.00 176.73
4 -22.26 -14.94 0.00 0.00 0.00 122.10
3 1 3 -6.51 4.97 0.00 0.00 0.00 34.49
5 6.51 -4.97 0.00 0.00 0.00 64.93
4 1 4 6.51 5.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 35.34
6 -6.51 -5.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 65.24
5 1 3 9.91 -15.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 -157.65
4 -9.91 15.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 -157.44
6 1 5 5.03 -6.51 0.00 0.00 0.00 -64.93
6 -5.03 6.51 0.00 0.00 0.00 -65.24
22. FINISH
**** DATE= MAR 9,2011 TIME= 11: 5: 6 ****

* FILE: VER09.STD
************************************************************
* *
* USA +1 (714) 974-2500 *
* UK +44 (0) 808 101 9246 *
* SINGAPORE +65 6225-6158 *
* FRANCE +33 (0) 1 55238400 *
* GERMANY +49 0931 40468 *
* INDIA +91 (033) 4006-2021 *
* CHINA +86 21 6288 4040 *
* *
* *
************************************************************
* FILE: VER09.STD
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
09/19/2003 0x2fc0 00081970 CMesh.dll
02/22/2011 0x12c0 00294912 EC3Annex.dll
02/22/2011 0x2900 00376832 EuroCode3.dll
01/24/2001 0x9b40 00073728 LoadGen.dll
09/25/2003 0x6340 00704512 MeshEngine.dll
48 STAAD.Pro

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTES
50 STAAD.Pro
10 Forces in a Space Frame
Objective
To find the maximum axial force and moment due to load andmoment applied at a joint in a
Space frame.
Reference
Weaver Jr., W., Computer Programs for Structural Analysis, page 146, problem 8.
Problem
Determine the maximum axial force and moment in the space structure.
Figure 10-1: Space frame model
Given
F = 2 kip, P = 1 kip, M = 120 inkip
L = 120 in.
E = 30E3 ksi,
AX = 11 in2
IX = 83 in4
IY = 56 in4
IZ = 56 in4
Comparison
Table 10-1: Comparison of max. Force, F, and max. Moments,M, for verification
problem no. 10
STAAD STAAD
Result Type Theory
F (kips) 1.47 1.47 1.47

Max
M (inkip) 84.04 84.04 84.04

Y,Max
M (inkip) 95.319 96.120 96.120

Z,Max
STAAD Output
52 STAAD.Pro
****************************************************
* *
* Version 20.07.07.32 *
* Date= MAR 9, 2011 *
* Time= 11: 5:12 *
* *
****************************************************
1. STAAD SPACE :A SPACE FRAME
2. * FILE VER10.STD
3. *
4. * REFERENCE 'COMPUTER PROGRAMS FOR STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS'
5. * BY WILLIAM WEAVER JR. PAGE 146 STRUCTURE NO. 8.
6. * ANSWER - MAX AXIAL FORCE= 1.47 (MEMB 3)
7. * MAX BEND-Y= 84.04 (MEMB 3), BEND-Z= 95.32 (MEMB 3)
8. *
9. * STAAD VERIFICATION PROB NO. 10
10. *
11. UNIT INCH KIP
12. JOINT COORD
13. 1 0 120 0 ; 2 240 120 0
14. 3 0 0 0 ; 4 360 0 120
15. SUPPORT
16. 3 4 FIXED
17. MEMB INCI
18. 1 1 2 ; 2 3 1 ; 3 2 4
19. MEMB PROP
20. 1 2 3 PRIS AX 11. IX 83. IY 56. IZ 56
22. POISS .25 ALL
23. LOAD 1 JOINT LOAD
24. JOINT LOAD
25. 1 FX 2. ; 2 FY -1. ; 2 MZ -120.
-----------------------------------
:A SPACE FRAME -- PAGE NO. 2
* FILE VER10.STD
27. PRINT ANALYSIS RESULT
* FILE VER10.STD
JOINT DISPLACEMENT (INCH RADIANS) STRUCTURE TYPE = SPACE
------------------
1 1 0.22267 0.00016 -0.17182 -0.00255 0.00217 -0.00213
2 1 0.22202 -0.48119 -0.70161 -0.00802 0.00101 -0.00435
3 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
4 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
* FILE VER10.STD
SUPPORT REACTIONS -UNIT KIP INCH STRUCTURE TYPE = SPACE
-----------------
3 1 -1.10 -0.43 0.22 48.78 -17.97 96.12
4 1 -0.90 1.43 -0.22 123.08 47.25 -11.72
* FILE VER10.STD
MEMBER END FORCES STRUCTURE TYPE = SPACE
-----------------
ALL UNITS ARE -- KIP INCH (LOCAL )
1 1 1 0.90 -0.43 0.22 22.71 -17.97 -36.37
2 -0.90 0.43 -0.22 -22.71 -34.18 -67.36
2 1 3 -0.43 1.10 0.22 -17.97 -48.78 96.12
1 0.43 -1.10 -0.22 17.97 22.71 36.37
3 1 2 1.47 -0.71 -0.48 -37.02 15.69 -53.28
4 -1.47 0.71 0.48 37.02 84.04 -95.32
28. FINISH
**** DATE= MAR 9,2011 TIME= 11: 5:12 ****
* FILE VER10.STD
************************************************************
* *
* USA +1 (714) 974-2500 *
* UK +44 (0) 808 101 9246 *
* SINGAPORE +65 6225-6158 *
* FRANCE +33 (0) 1 55238400 *
* GERMANY +49 0931 40468 *
* INDIA +91 (033) 4006-2021 *
* CHINA +86 21 6288 4040 *
* *
* *
************************************************************
* FILE VER10.STD
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
09/19/2003 0x2fc0 00081970 CMesh.dll
02/22/2011 0x12c0 00294912 EC3Annex.dll
02/22/2011 0x2900 00376832 EuroCode3.dll
01/24/2001 0x9b40 00073728 LoadGen.dll
09/25/2003 0x6340 00704512 MeshEngine.dll
54 STAAD.Pro

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTES
56 STAAD.Pro
11 Temperature load in different materials
Objective
A rigid bar is suspended by two copper wires and one steel wire. Find the stresses in the wires due
to a rise in temperature.
Reference
Timoshenko, S., Strength of Materials, Part 1, D. Van Nostrand Co., 3rd edition, 1956, page 30,
problem 9.
Problem
Assuming the horizontal member to be very rigid, determine the stresses in the copper and steel
wires if the temperature rise is 10 F.
Figure 11-1: Model of a rigid wire suspended by wires
Given
E = 30E6 psi, E = 16E6 psi
steel copper
= 70E-7 in/in/F, = 92E-7 in/in/F
steel copper
A = 0.1 in2
X
w = 400 lbf/in.
L = 20 in.
d= 5 in.
Hint: When modeling, assume a large moment of inertia for the horizontal rigid member and
distribute of the concentrated load as uniform.
Comparison
Table 11-1: Comparison of stress () for verification model #11
STAAD STAAD
Result Type Theory
(psi) 19,695 19,698 19,698

Steel
(psi) 10,152 10,151 10,151

Copper
STAAD Output
58 STAAD.Pro
****************************************************
* *
* Version 20.07.07.32 *
* Date= MAR 9, 2011 *
* Time= 11: 5:17 *
* *
****************************************************
1. STAAD PLANE :A RIGID BAR SUSPENDED BY TWO COPPER WIRES AND A STEEL WIRE
3. *
4. * REFERENCE: 'STRENGTH OF MATERIALS', TIMOSHENKO (PART 1),
5. * PAGE 30, PROB 9.
6. * THE ANSWERS ARE 19700 PSI AND 10200 PSI.
7. *
8. UNIT INCH POUND
9. JOINT COORD
10. 1 0. 20. ; 2 5. 20. ; 3 10. 20.
11. 4 0. 0. ; 5 5. 0. ; 6 10. 0.
12. MEMB INCI
13. 1 1 4 3 ; 4 4 5 5
14. MEMB PROP
15. 1 2 3 PRI AX 0.1 ; 4 5 PRI AX 1. IZ 100.
16. CONSTANT ; E 30E6 MEMB 2 4 5
17. E 16E6 MEMB 1 3
18. ALPHA 92E-7 MEMB 1 3 ; ALPHA 70E-7 MEMB 2
19. MEMB TRUSS ; 1 2 3
20. SUPPORT ; 1 2 3 PINNED
21. LOADING 1 VERT LOAD + TEMP LOAD
22. MEMB LOAD ;4 5 UNI Y -400.
23. TEMP LOAD ; 1 2 3 TEMP 10.
:A RIGID BAR SUSPENDED BY TWO COPPER WIRES AND A STEEL W -- PAGE NO. 2
* FILE: VER11.STD
-----------------------------------
ZERO STIFFNESS IN DIRECTION 6 AT JOINT 1 EQN.NO. 1
LOADS APPLIED OR DISTRIBUTED HERE FROM ELEMENTS WILL BE IGNORED.
THIS MAY BE DUE TO ALL MEMBERS AT THIS JOINT BEING RELEASED OR
EFFECTIVELY RELEASED IN THIS DIRECTION.
***WARNING - INSTABILITY AT JOINT 6 DIRECTION = FX
PROBABLE CAUSE SINGULAR-ADDING WEAK SPRING
K-MATRIX DIAG= 6.0000004E+03 L-MATRIX DIAG= 0.0000000E+00 EQN NO 10
***NOTE - VERY WEAK SPRING ADDED FOR STABILITY
**NOTE** STAAD DETECTS INSTABILITIES AS EXCESSIVE LOSS OF SIGNIFICANT DIGITS
DURING DECOMPOSITION. WHEN A DECOMPOSED DIAGONAL IS LESS THAN THE
BUILT-IN REDUCTION FACTOR TIMES THE ORIGINAL STIFFNESS MATRIX DIAGONAL,
STAAD PRINTS A SINGULARITY NOTICE. THE BUILT-IN REDUCTION FACTOR
IS 1.000E-09
THE ABOVE CONDITIONS COULD ALSO BE CAUSED BY VERY STIFF OR VERY WEAK
ELEMENTS AS WELL AS TRUE SINGULARITIES.
25. PRINT STRESSES LIST 1 2 3
* FILE: VER11.STD
MEMBER STRESSES
---------------
1 1 .0 10150.8 T 0.0 0.0 10150.8 0.0 0.0
1.00 10150.8 T 0.0 0.0 10150.8 0.0 0.0
2 1 .0 19698.3 T 0.0 0.0 19698.3 0.0 0.0
1.00 19698.3 T 0.0 0.0 19698.3 0.0 0.0
3 1 .0 10150.8 T 0.0 0.0 10150.8 0.0 0.0
1.00 10150.8 T 0.0 0.0 10150.8 0.0 0.0
26. FINISH
**** DATE= MAR 9,2011 TIME= 11: 5:18 ****
* FILE: VER11.STD
************************************************************
* *
* USA +1 (714) 974-2500 *
* UK +44 (0) 808 101 9246 *
* SINGAPORE +65 6225-6158 *
* FRANCE +33 (0) 1 55238400 *
* GERMANY +49 0931 40468 *
* INDIA +91 (033) 4006-2021 *
* CHINA +86 21 6288 4040 *
* *
* *
************************************************************
* FILE: VER11.STD
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
09/19/2003 0x2fc0 00081970 CMesh.dll
02/22/2011 0x12c0 00294912 EC3Annex.dll
02/22/2011 0x2900 00376832 EuroCode3.dll
01/24/2001 0x9b40 00073728 LoadGen.dll
09/25/2003 0x6340 00704512 MeshEngine.dll
60 STAAD.Pro

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTES
62 STAAD.Pro
12 Deflection and stress of a truss system
Objective
To find the joint deflection and member stress due to a joint load in a plane truss.
Reference
Timoshenko, S., Strength of Materials, Part 1, D. Van Nostrand Co., Inc., 3rd edition, 1956, page 10,
problem 2.
Problem
Determine the vertical deflection at point A and the member stresses
Figure 12-1: Model of two member truss
Given
A = 0.5 in2
X
E = 30E6 psi
P = 5000 lbf
L = 180 in.
angle = 30
Comparison
Table 12-1: Comparison of stress () and Deflection () for verification problem
12
STAAD STAAD
Result Type Theory
(psi) 10,000. 10,000. 10,000.

A
(in) 0.12 0.12 0.12

A
STAAD Output
64 STAAD.Pro
****************************************************
* *
* Version 20.07.07.32 *
* Date= MAR 9, 2011 *
* Time= 11: 5:23 *
* *
****************************************************
2. * FILE VER12.STD
3. *
4. * REFERENCE: 'STRENGTH OF MATERIALS', (PART 1) BY TIMOSHENKO,
5. * PAGE 10, PROB 2.
6. *
7. * THE ANSWER IN THE BOOK , DEFLECTION = 0.12 INCH
8. * AND STRESS =10000 PSI
9. *
10. UNIT INCH POUND
11. JOINT COORD
12. 1 0. 0. ; 2 155.88457 -90. ; 3 311.76914 0.
14. MEMB INCI ; 1 1 2 2
15. MEMB PROP
16. 1 2 PRIS AX 0.5
18. LOAD 1 VERT LOAD
19. JOINT LOAD ; 2 FY -5000.
-----------------------------------
* FILE VER12.STD
21. PRINT DISPLACEMENTS LIST 2
* FILE VER12.STD
JOINT DISPLACEMENT (INCH RADIANS) STRUCTURE TYPE = TRUSS
------------------
2 1 0.00000 -0.12000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
22. PRINT STRESSES
* FILE VER12.STD
MEMBER STRESSES
---------------
1 1 .0 10000.0 T 0.0 0.0 10000.0 0.0 0.0
1.00 10000.0 T 0.0 0.0 10000.0 0.0 0.0
2 1 .0 10000.0 T 0.0 0.0 10000.0 0.0 0.0
1.00 10000.0 T 0.0 0.0 10000.0 0.0 0.0
23. FINISH
**** DATE= MAR 9,2011 TIME= 11: 5:23 ****

* FILE VER12.STD
************************************************************
* *
* USA +1 (714) 974-2500 *
* UK +44 (0) 808 101 9246 *
* SINGAPORE +65 6225-6158 *
* FRANCE +33 (0) 1 55238400 *
* GERMANY +49 0931 40468 *
* INDIA +91 (033) 4006-2021 *
* CHINA +86 21 6288 4040 *
* *
* *
************************************************************
* FILE VER12.STD
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
09/19/2003 0x2fc0 00081970 CMesh.dll
02/22/2011 0x12c0 00294912 EC3Annex.dll
02/22/2011 0x2900 00376832 EuroCode3.dll
01/24/2001 0x9b40 00073728 LoadGen.dll
09/25/2003 0x6340 00704512 MeshEngine.dll
66 STAAD.Pro

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTES
68 STAAD.Pro
13 Steel Design per 1989 AISC Code
Type
Steel Design.
Reference
Attached step by step hand calculation as per 1989 AISC ASD code. Ninth Edition.
Problem
Determine the allowable stresses (per 1989 AISC code) for the members of the structure as shown
in figure. Also, perform a code check for these members based on the results of the analysis.
Figure 13-1: Steel braced frame frame
Members 1, 2 = W12X26, Members 3, 4 = W14X43

Members 5, 6, 7 = W16X36, Memb 8= L40404, Memb 9 = L50506
F = 15 kip (wind load)
w = 2 kip/ft (dead load + liveload)
Comparison
Table 13-1: Comparison of governing ratios for the member checks in verification
problem no. 13
Member No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Hand Calculation 1.1576 .914 1.117 0.936 .579 1.119 .668 1.024 .823
STAAD Basic Solver 1.157 .916 1.117 0.936 .582 1.120 .668 1.024 .823
STAAD Advanced 1.157 .916 1.117 0.936 .582 1.120 .668 1.024 .823
Solver
Hand Calculation
Manual / Code refers to AISC Manual of Steel Construction, Allowable Stress Design, ninth
edition.
Member 1
Size W12x26, L = 10 ft., a = 7.65 in2, Sz = 33.39 in3
From clause F1-2, page 5-45 of Manual, L = 6.85 ft.
c
From observation Load case 1 will govern,
F = 25.0 kip (compression), M = 56.5 ftkip
x z
Area of compressive flange = 6.49*0.38 = 2.466 in2
Allowable bending stress, per Clause F1-8 (page 5-47 of Manual)
f = 12. 1000 1.0/[10 12 (12.22/2.466)] = 20.1817 ksi
b
(kl/r)y = 120/1.5038 = 79.8, so f = 15.38 ksi
a
Stresses per Table C-36 (page 3-16 of manual)
f = 25./7.65 = 3.268
a
f = 56.5 12/33.39 = 20.31 ksi
b
(kl/r)z = 120/5.1639 = 23.238, so F' = = 276.54 ksi
ez
Equation H1-1, page 5-54 of Manual
3.268/15.38 + 0.85 20.31/[(1-3.268/276.54) 20.1817] = 1.078
Equation H1-2, page 5-54 of Manual.
3.268/(0.6 36) +20.31/20.1817 = 1.1576
Therefore, equation H1-2 governs and ratio = 1.1576
Member 2
Size W12x26, L = 5 ft., a = 7.65 in2, Sz = 33.39 in3
From observation load case 1 will govern,
x z
70 STAAD.Pro
Since L is less than L = 6.85ft, per Clauses F1-1 &F1-2 (page 5-45 of Manual)
c
f = 0.66 36 = 23.76 ksi
b
(kl/r)y = 60/1.5038 = 39.90, so f = 19.19 ksi
a
Per Table C-36 (page 3-16 of Manual)
f = 8.71/7.65 = 1.1385, f = 56.5 12/33.39 = 20.31 ksi
a b
Since f /F less than 0.15, apply equation H1-3 (page 5-54 of Manual)
a a
1.1385/19.19 + 20.31/23.76 = .0593 + .8548 = 0.9141
Member 3
Size W14X43, L = 11ft., a = 12.6 in2, Sz = 62.7 in3
From observation load case 3 will govern,
x z
Referring to clause F1-2, page 5-45 of Manual.
L = 8.4 ft. Therefore
c
f = 0.6 36 = 21.6 ksi
b
(kl/r)y = 132/1.8941 = 69.69,
so f = 16.46 ksi per Table C-36 (page 3-16 of Manual)
a
f = 25.5/12.6 = 2.024
a
f = 112.173 12/62.66 = 21.48 ksi
b
since f /F less than 0.15, use equation H1-3, page 5-54 of Manual
a a
2.024/16.46 +21.48/21.6 = 0.123 + 0.994 = 1.117
Member 4
Size W14x43, L = 4ft, a = 12.6 in2, Sz = 62.7 in3
From observation, load case 3 will govern,
F = 8.75 kip (tension), M = 112.173 ftkip
x z
Since L is less than L = 8.4 ft
c
f = 0.66 36 = 23.76 ksi
b
Clause F1-1 (page 5-45 of Manual)
f = 8.75/12.6 = 0.694
a
f = 112.73x12/62.66 = 21.48 ksi
b
Combined tension and bending, use equation H2-1, page 5-55 of Manual.
0.694/(0.6 36) + 21.48/23.76 = 0.032 + 0.904 = 0.936
Member 5
From observation, load case 3 will govern.
F = 14.02 kip (compression), M =57.04 ftkip

x z
Since L is less than L = 7.37 (per Clause F1-2, page 5-45 of Manual)
c
f = 0.66 36 = 23.76 ksi
b
(kl/r)y = 60./1.52 = 39.47
so f = 19.23 ksi per Table C-36 (page 3-16 of Manual)
a
f = 14.02/10.6 = 1.32
a
f = 57.04 12/56.5 = 12.12 ksi
b
Since f /F less than 0.15, use equation H1-3, page 5-54 of Manual
a a
1.32/19.23 + 12.12/23.76 = 0.069 + 0.510 = 0.579
Member 6
From observation, load case 1 will govern. Forces at midspan are
x z
From Chapter F of the AISC ASD 9PthP ed. specs., with Cb = 1.0,
(102,000Cb/Fy)1/2 =53.229
(510,000Cb/Fy)1/2 =119.02
L/rT = 192/1.79 = 107.26
53.229 < 107.26 < 119.02
Therefore F (as per F1-6, page 5-47 of Manual)
b
[(2/3) 36 107.26 107.26/(1,530,000)] 36 = 14.25 ksi
(Kl/r)y = 192/1.5203 = 126.29
so f = 9.36 per Table C-36 (page 3-16 of Manual)
a
f = 5.65/10.6 = 0.533
a
f = 71.25x12/56.49 = 15.14 ksi
b
Since f /F less than 0.15 use formula [H1-3, page 5-54 of Manual]
a a
0.533/9.36 + 15.14/14.25 = 0.057 + 1.062 = 1.119
Member 7
Size W16x36, L =4ft, a = 10.6in2, Sz =56.49in3
L = 7.37ft (Clause F1-2 page 5-45 of Manual)
c
From observation load case 3 will govern, F = 24.06 kip (tension), M = 62.96 ftkip
x z
From Clause F1-1, the allowable compressive stress is
f = 0.66 Fy = 23.76 ksi
b
Since section is in tension, per Clause F1-5 (page5-45 of Manual)
f = 0.60 36 = 21.60 Ksi
b
72 STAAD.Pro
Choosing the larger of above 2 values, f = 23.76 Ksi

b
f = 24.06/10.6 = 2.2698
a
f = 62.96 12/56.49 = 13.37
b
Since combined tension and bending, use equation H 2-1, page 5-55 of the AISC ASD 9PthP ed.
specs.
2.2698/(0.6 36)+ 13.37(23.76) = 0.105 + 0.5627 = 0.6677
Member 8
Size L4x4x1/4, L = 7.071 ft, a = 1.94 in2
From observation load case 1 will govern, F = 23.04 kip (Comp.)
x
Fa is computed as per page 5-310 of the AISC ASD 9PthP ed.specs.
Q = 1.34 0.00447 (4/0.25)(36)1/2 = 0.9108
s
Q = 1.0
a
Q = Q Q = 0.9108
s a
C = 92.0 E/(QF )] 1/2
2 = [2.0 2 29000/(0.9108 36)] 1/2 = 132.1241
c y
Kl/r = 7.071 12/0.795 = 106.73< C .
c
Hence, f = 11.6027 ksi (computed per equation 4-1)
a
Actual compressive stress
f = 23.04/1.94 = 11.876 ksi
a
Therefore, Ratio =
f /f = 11.876/11.602 = 1.024
a a
Member 9
Size L5x5x3/8, L = 5.657 ft, a = 3.61 in2
From observation, load case 1 governs, F = 48.44 kip (Comp.)
x
Fa is computed as per page 5-310 of the AISC ASD 9PthP ed.specs.
Q = 1.34 0.00447 (5/0.375)(36)1/2 = 0.9824
s
Q = 1.0
a
Q = Q Q = 0.9824
s a
C = 92.0 E/(QF )] 1/2
2 = [2.0 2 29000/(0.9824 36)] 1/2 = 127.2238
c y
(Kl/r)min = 5.657 12/0.99 = 68.57< C .
c
Hence, f = 16.301 ksi (computed per equation 4-1)
a
Actual compressive stress
f = 48.44/3.61 = 13.418 ksi
a
Therefore Ratio =
f /f = 13.418/16.301 = 0.823
a a
STAAD Output
74 STAAD.Pro
****************************************************
* *
* Version 20.07.07.32 *
* Date= MAR 9, 2011 *
* Time= 11: 5:28 *
* *
****************************************************
1. STAAD PLANE VERIFICATION PROBLEM NO 13
2. *
3. * THIS DESIGN EXAMPLE IS VERIFIED BY HAND CALCULATION
4. * FOLLOWING AISC-89 CODE.
5. *
6. UNIT FEET KIP
7. JOINT COORD
8. 1 0 0 ; 2 25 0 ; 3 0 10 ; 4 25 11
9. 5 0 15 ; 6 25 15 ; 7 5 15 ; 8 21 15
10. MEMB INCI
11. 1 1 3 ; 2 3 5 ; 3 2 4 ; 4 4 6
12. 5 5 7 ; 6 7 8 ; 7 8 6 ; 8 3 7 ; 9 4 8
13. MEMB PROP AMERICAN
14. 1 2 TA ST W12X26 ; 3 4 TA ST W14X43
15. 5 6 7 TA ST W16X36 ; 8 TA ST L40404 ; 9 TA ST L50506
16. MEMB TRUSS ; 8 9
17. CONSTANT
18. E 4176E3 ALL
19. POISSON STEEL ALL
21. LOADING 1 DL + LL
22. MEMB LOAD ; 5 6 7 UNI Y -2.0
23. LOADING 2 WIND FROM LEFT
24. JOINT LOAD ; 5 FX 15.
25. LOAD COMB 3 ; 1 0.75 2 0.75
-----------------------------------
VERIFICATION PROBLEM NO 13 -- PAGE NO. 2
*
27. LOAD LIST 1 3
28. PRINT FORCES
*
-----------------
1 1 1 25.00 -5.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3 -25.00 5.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 -56.50
3 1 12.00 1.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3 -12.00 -1.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.52
2 1 3 8.71 10.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 56.50
5 -8.71 -10.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 -3.29
3 3 15.83 -2.77 0.00 0.00 0.00 -10.52
5 -15.83 2.77 0.00 0.00 0.00 -3.34
3 1 2 25.00 5.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4 -25.00 -5.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 62.15
3 2 25.50 10.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

4 -25.50 -10.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 112.17
4 1 4 6.50 -12.85 0.00 0.00 0.00 -62.15
6 -6.50 12.85 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.76
3 4 -8.75 -24.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 -112.17
6 8.75 24.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 15.95
5 1 5 -10.64 8.71 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.29
7 10.64 1.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 15.25
3 5 14.02 15.83 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.34
7 -14.02 -8.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 57.04
6 1 7 5.65 15.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -15.25
8 -5.65 17.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.75
3 7 10.20 4.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 -57.04
8 -10.20 19.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 -62.96
7 1 8 -12.85 1.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.75
6 12.85 6.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 -10.76
3 8 -24.06 14.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 62.96
6 24.06 -8.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 -15.95
8 1 3 23.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
7 -23.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3 3 -5.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
7 5.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
9 1 4 26.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
8 -26.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3 4 48.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
8 -48.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
*
29. PARAMETER
30. CODE AISC
31. TRACK 1.0 ALL
32. CHECK CODE ALL
*
STAAD.Pro CODE CHECKING - (AISC 9TH EDITION) v1.0
***********************
ALL UNITS ARE - KIP FEET (UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED)
MEMBER TABLE RESULT/ CRITICAL COND/ RATIO/ LOADING/
FX MY MZ LOCATION
=======================================================================
* 1 ST W12X26 (AISC SECTIONS)
FAIL AISC- H1-2 1.157 1
25.00 C 0.00 56.50 10.00
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
| MEM= 1, UNIT KIP-INCH, L= 120.0 AX= 7.65 SZ= 33.4 SY= 5.3|
| KL/R-Y= 79.8 CB= 1.00 YLD= 36.00 ALLOWABLE STRESSES: FCZ= 20.18 |
| FTZ= 21.60 FCY= 27.00 FTY= 27.00 FC= 15.26 FT= 21.60 FV= 14.40 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
2 ST W12X26 (AISC SECTIONS)
PASS AISC- H1-3 0.916 1
8.71 C 0.00 56.50 0.00
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
FAIL AISC- H1-3 1.117 3
25.50 C 0.00 -112.17 11.00
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
76 STAAD.Pro
PASS AISC- H2-1 0.936 3

8.75 T 0.00 -112.17 0.00
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
PASS AISC- H1-3 0.582 3
14.02 C 0.00 -57.04 5.00
*
ALL UNITS ARE - KIP FEET (UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED)
MEMBER TABLE RESULT/ CRITICAL COND/ RATIO/ LOADING/
FX MY MZ LOCATION
=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
FAIL AISC- H1-3 1.120 1
5.65 C 0.00 -71.25 8.00
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
PASS AISC- H2-1 0.668 3
24.06 T 0.00 62.96 0.00
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
* 8 ST L40404 (AISC SECTIONS)
FAIL AISC- H1-1 1.024 1
23.04 C 0.00 0.00 0.00
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
| KL/R- = 106.7 CB= 0.00 YLD= 36.00 ALLOWABLE STRESSES: FCZ= 0.00 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
9 ST L50506 (AISC SECTIONS)
PASS AISC- H1-1 0.823 3
48.44 C 0.00 0.00 0.00
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
| KL/R- = 69.0 CB= 0.00 YLD= 36.00 ALLOWABLE STRESSES: FCZ= 0.00 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
*
33. FINISH
**** DATE= MAR 9,2011 TIME= 11: 5:28 ****
************************************************************
* *
* USA +1 (714) 974-2500 *
* UK +44 (0) 808 101 9246 *
* SINGAPORE +65 6225-6158 *
* FRANCE +33 (0) 1 55238400 *

* GERMANY +49 0931 40468 *
* INDIA +91 (033) 4006-2021 *
* CHINA +86 21 6288 4040 *
* *
* *
************************************************************
*
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
09/19/2003 0x2fc0 00081970 CMesh.dll
02/22/2011 0x12c0 00294912 EC3Annex.dll
02/22/2011 0x2900 00376832 EuroCode3.dll
01/24/2001 0x9b40 00073728 LoadGen.dll
09/25/2003 0x6340 00704512 MeshEngine.dll
78 STAAD.Pro

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTES
80 STAAD.Pro
14 Concrete Design per ACI 318 Code
Type
Concrete design as per ACI code.
Reference
CRSI Handbook and Notes on ACI-318-99.
Problem
A plane frame is created with such loading as to create 138 Kip-Ft moment on beam and 574 Kip of
axial load coupled with above moment on column.
Figure 14-1: Concrete moment frame
Given
Size of the beam is 10" x 16"and size of the column 14" x 16".
P = 521.32 kip
w = 5.268 kip/ft
L = 20 ft, H = 15 ft
Comparison
Table 14-1: Comparison of concrete designs for verifcation problem no. 14
Theory Theory STAAD STAAD
Result Type ACI CRSI Basic Advanced
Notes Handbook Solver Solver
Area of Steel in 2.78 in2 X 2.792 in2 2.792 in2

beam
Area of Steel in X 4.01% 4.09% 4.09%

column required required
4.23% 4.23%
provided provided
STAAD Output
82 STAAD.Pro
****************************************************
* *
* Version 20.07.07.32 *
* Date= MAR 9, 2011 *
* Time= 11: 5:33 *
* *
****************************************************
1. STAAD PLANE VERIFICATION FOR CONCRETE DESIGN
2. UNIT KIP FEET
4. 1 0. 0. ; 2 0. 15. ; 3 20. 15. ; 4 20. 0.
5. MEMBER INCIDENCE
6. 1 1 2 ; 2 2 3 ; 3 3 4
7. UNIT INCH
8. MEMBER PROPERTY
9. 1 3 PRISMATIC YD 16. ZD 14.
10. 2 PRISM YD 16. ZD 10.
11. CONSTANTS
12. E CONCRETE ALL
13. POISSON CONCRETE ALL
14. SUPPORT
15. 1 4 FIXED
16. UNIT FT
17. LOADING 1 DEAD + LIVE
18. JOINT LOAD
19. 2 3 FY -521.32
20. MEMBER LOAD
21. 2 UNI GY -5.268
-----------------------------------
VERIFICATION FOR CONCRETE DESIGN -- PAGE NO. 2
23. PRINT MEMBER FORCES
-----------------
1 1 1 574.00 -13.69 0.00 0.00 0.00 -67.44
2 -574.00 13.69 0.00 0.00 0.00 -137.87
2 1 2 13.69 52.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 137.87
3 -13.69 52.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 -137.87
3 1 3 574.00 13.69 0.00 0.00 0.00 137.87
4 -574.00 -13.69 0.00 0.00 0.00 67.44
24. UNIT INCH
25. START CONC DESIGN
26. CODE ACI 1999
27. TRACK 1.0 MEMB 2
28. FYMAIN 60.0 ALL
29. FC 4.0 ALL
30. CLB 1.4375 ALL
31. DESIGN BEAM 2
=====================================================================
BEAM NO. 2 DESIGN RESULTS - FLEXURE PER CODE ACI 318-99

LEN - 20.00FT. FY - 60000. FC - 4000. SIZE - 10.00 X 16.00 INCHES
LEVEL HEIGHT BAR INFO FROM TO ANCHOR
FT. IN. FT. IN. FT. IN. STA END
_____________________________________________________________________
1 0 + 2-5/8 2-NUM.10 0 + 0-0/0 20 + 0-0/0 YES YES
|----------------------------------------------------------------|
| CRITICAL POS MOMENT= 125.53 KIP-FT AT 10.00 FT, LOAD 1|
| REQD STEEL= 2.48 IN2, RHO=0.0185, RHOMX=0.0214 RHOMN=0.0033 |
| MAX/MIN/ACTUAL BAR SPACING= 10.16/ 2.54/ 4.73 INCH |
| REQD. DEVELOPMENT LENGTH = 48.52 INCH |
|----------------------------------------------------------------|
Cracked Moment of Inertia Iz at above location = 1837.17 inch^4
*** A SUITABLE BAR ARRANGEMENT COULD NOT BE DETERMINED.
REQD. STEEL = 2.792 IN2, MAX. STEEL PERMISSIBLE = 2.873 IN2
MAX NEG MOMENT = 137.87 KIP-FT, LOADING 1
*** A SUITABLE BAR ARRANGEMENT COULD NOT BE DETERMINED.
REQD. STEEL = 2.792 IN2, MAX. STEEL PERMISSIBLE = 2.873 IN2
MAX NEG MOMENT = 137.87 KIP-FT, LOADING 1
___ 2J____________________ 240.X 10.X 16_____________________ 3J____
| |
| |
| |
| |
| 2#10H 3. 0.TO 240. |
||=========================================================================||
| |
|___________________________________________________________________________|
_________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2#10 | | 2#10 | | 2#10 | | 2#10 | | 2#10 | | 2#10 |
| OO | | OO | | OO | | OO | | OO | | OO |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
|_________| |_________| |_________| |_________| |_________| |_________|
********************END OF BEAM DESIGN**************************
32. DESIGN COLUMN 1
====================================================================
COLUMN NO. 1 DESIGN PER ACI 318-99 - AXIAL + BENDING
FY - 60000 FC - 4000 PSI, RECT SIZE - 14.00 X 16.00 INCHES, TIED
AREA OF STEEL REQUIRED = 9.164 SQ. IN.
BAR CONFIGURATION REINF PCT. LOAD LOCATION PHI
----------------------------------------------------------
12 - NUMBER 8 4.232 1 END 0.700
(PROVIDE EQUAL NUMBER OF BARS ON EACH FACE)
TIE BAR NUMBER 4 SPACING 14.00 IN
********************END OF COLUMN DESIGN RESULTS********************
33. END CONC DESIGN
34. FINISH
**** DATE= MAR 9,2011 TIME= 11: 5:33 ****
************************************************************
* *
* USA +1 (714) 974-2500 *
* UK +44 (0) 808 101 9246 *
* SINGAPORE +65 6225-6158 *
* FRANCE +33 (0) 1 55238400 *
* GERMANY +49 0931 40468 *
* INDIA +91 (033) 4006-2021 *
84 STAAD.Pro

* CHINA +86 21 6288 4040 *
* *
* *
************************************************************
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
09/19/2003 0x2fc0 00081970 CMesh.dll
02/22/2011 0x12c0 00294912 EC3Annex.dll
02/22/2011 0x2900 00376832 EuroCode3.dll
01/24/2001 0x9b40 00073728 LoadGen.dll
09/25/2003 0x6340 00704512 MeshEngine.dll
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
86 STAAD.Pro
15 Natural Modes of a Simple Beam
Purpose
Compare theoretical answers to the STAAD solution.
Reference
Timoshenko, S., Vibration Problems in Engineering, Third Edition, D. Van Nostrand Company,
Inc., 1955, page 322
Problem
The first five natural frequencies and the associated mode shapes are computed for the flexural
motion of a simply supported beam.
Figure 15-1: Simple beam diagram
Model
Figure 15-2: Finite element model
The simply supported beam is divided into twenty spanwise beam elements. At nodes 1 and 21, all
degrees of freedom except the rotation about the Z axis are restrained. For the remaining nodes,
only the translation along Y and the rotation about Z are permitted. Both shear deformation and
rotary inertia have been excluded from the model. The mass matrix is a diagonal matrix.
Cross-section Properties
Rectangular Section: 1 inch Width x 2 inch Depth
Area = 2 in2
J = b3a/16 {16/3 - 3.36(b/a)[1 - 1/12(b/a)4]}
where
a=2
b=1
J = 0.4578 inch4
I = 1x23/12 inch4
2
I = 2x13/12 inch4
3
Theoretical Results
The natural bending frequencies, for a uniform beam with hinged ends, are given by:
f = n2/212(EIg/A)1/2
n
where
f = natural frequency for mode n, in cycles per second

n
l = span of the beam
E = elastic modulus
I = cross-section moment of inertia
g = gravitational constant
A = cross-section area
= weight density
The parameters used in the frequency equation are:
l = 20 inches
E = 10x106 psi
I = 0.6667 inches4
g = 386.4 inches per second 2
A = 2.0 sq. inches
= 0.1 pounds per cubic inch
from which:
f = n2x 445.685674
n
The table below shows the natural frequencies computed from the theoretical equation and the
subspace iteration method available within STAAD. Frequencies are in cycles per second.
88 STAAD.Pro
Comparison
Table 15-1: Comparison of frequency values for verification problem no. 15
STAAD STAAD
Mode Number Theoretical
1 445.686 445.506 445.506
2 1,782.74 1,782.01 1,782.01
3 4,011.17 4,009.41 4,009.41
4 7,130.97 7,127.25 7,127.25
5 11,142.1 11,134.25 11,134.25
Input file
STAAD PLANE STAAD VER. PROB. 15

UNIT POUND INCH
JOINT COORD
1 0 0 0 21 20 0 0
MEMB INCI
1 1 2 20
MEMB PROP
1 TO 20 PRIS AX 2 IZ 0.6667
CONST
E 10E6 ALL
POISSON 0.3 ALL
DENS 0.1 ALL
CUT OFF MODE SHAPE 5
SUPP
1 21 FIXED BUT MZ
2 TO 20 FIXED BUT FY MZ
LOAD 1
SELF X 1.0
SELF Y 1.0
MODAL CALC REQ
PERF ANALY
FINISH
STAAD Output
90 STAAD.Pro
****************************************************
* *
* Version 20.07.07.32 *
* Date= MAR 9, 2011 *
* Time= 11: 5:38 *
* *
****************************************************
1. STAAD PLANE STAAD VER. PROB. 15
2. * NATURAL MODES OF A SIMPLE BEAM
4. UNIT POUND INCH
5. JOINT COORD
6. 1 0 0 0 21 20 0 0
7. MEMB INCI
8. 1 1 2 20
9. MEMB PROP
10. 1 TO 20 PRIS AX 2 IZ 0.6667
11. CONST
12. E 10E6 ALL
13. POISSON 0.3 ALL
14. DENS 0.1 ALL
16. SUPP
17. 1 21 FIXED BUT MZ
18. 2 TO 20 FIXED BUT FY MZ
19. LOAD 1
20. SELF X 1.0
21. SELF Y 1.0
22. MODAL CALC REQ
23. PERF ANALY
-----------------------------------
STAAD VER. PROB. 15 -- PAGE NO. 2
* NATURAL MODES OF A SIMPLE BEAM
1 445.506 0.00224 9.509E-16
2 1782.012 0.00056 1.934E-13
3 4009.410 0.00025 4.051E-11
4 7127.250 0.00014 1.334E-09
5 11134.253 0.00009 1.251E-08
The following Frequencies are estimates that were calculated. These are for
information only and will not be used. Remaining values are either above
the cut off mode/freq values or are of low accuracy. To use these
frequencies, rerun with a higher cutoff mode (or mode + freq) value.
6 16027.429 0.00006 2.582E-08
7 21800.588 0.00005 5.322E-08
8 28441.877 0.00004 4.956E-06

9 35929.844 0.00003 6.604E-05
MODE X Y Z WEIGHT
1 0.000000E+00 3.228953E+00 0.000000E+00 2.000000E+00
2 0.000000E+00 3.801267E-26 0.000000E+00 2.000000E+00
3 0.000000E+00 3.469944E-01 0.000000E+00 2.000000E+00
4 0.000000E+00 3.572514E-19 0.000000E+00 2.211146E+00
5 0.000000E+00 1.165685E-01 0.000000E+00 2.000000E+00
--------------------------------------
1 0.00 84.97 0.00 0.000 84.972 0.000
2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 84.972 0.000
3 0.00 9.13 0.00 0.000 94.104 0.000
4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 94.104 0.000
5 0.00 3.07 0.00 0.000 97.171 0.000
24. FINISH
**** DATE= MAR 9,2011 TIME= 11: 5:38 ****
************************************************************
* *
* USA +1 (714) 974-2500 *
* UK +44 (0) 808 101 9246 *
* SINGAPORE +65 6225-6158 *
* FRANCE +33 (0) 1 55238400 *
* GERMANY +49 0931 40468 *
* INDIA +91 (033) 4006-2021 *
* CHINA +86 21 6288 4040 *
* *
* *
************************************************************
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
09/19/2003 0x2fc0 00081970 CMesh.dll
02/22/2011 0x12c0 00294912 EC3Annex.dll
02/22/2011 0x2900 00376832 EuroCode3.dll
01/24/2001 0x9b40 00073728 LoadGen.dll
09/25/2003 0x6340 00704512 MeshEngine.dll
92 STAAD.Pro

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTES
94 STAAD.Pro
16 Natural Frequencies of a Circular Plate

Purpose
Reference
Blevins, Robert D., Formulas for Natural Frequency and Mode Shape, Van Nostrand Reinhold
Company, 1979, Page 240.
Problem
A flat circular plate is simply supported around the entire perimeter. The first six modes and
their associated natural frequencies are to be computed using the subspace iteration method
offered by STAAD. This problem demonstrates that the natural frequencies of an axi-symmetric
structure can be accurately computed utilizing a 180 degree model with the appropriate boundary
conditions.
Figure 16-1: Diagram of circular plate
Model
The 180 degree sector was modeled using radial lines at intervals of 15 degrees. Tangential lines
were then located utilizing a relationship such that the aspect ratio of the quad-plate elements
was approximately 1.0. All rotations normal to the plane of the plate were restrained. In-plane
translations for all nodes were restrained because the theoretical solution does not consider in-
plane effects. Rotations about the global Y axis for the nodes at X=0.0 were restrained because this
is a symmetry boundary. Z translation of all nodes on the outside radius were restrained to
provide for the simply-supported condition.
95 STAAD.Pro
Figure 16-2: Finite model for half circular plate
It should be noted that the outside edge of the plate is a series of secant lines instead of a true
arc. This will result in a loss of about 1% of the plates true mass or about .5% of the mass that is
effective for this problem.
Therefore, it is not unlikely that a few natural frequencies will be lower than the theoretical values
instead of higher which is typical for a finite element analysis using plate elements. In addition, a
true simple-support condition for this problem would require restraining the component of
rotation that is radial to the outside edge.
Theoretical Answers
From the reference case 2 in Table 11-1, the first six natural frequencies of the plate are described by
the following equation:
ij2 Eh3
fij = 2
2 a 12 1 2
( )
= dimensionless parameter associated with the mode indices i,j
i = number of nodal diameters in this mode shape
j = number of nodal circles in this mode shape not counting the boundary
= Poissons ratio
E = Elastic Modulus
h = plate thickness
= mass of plate per unit area
a = radius of plate
The numerical values used for this example are:
= 0.30
E = 10.0x10P6P psi
h = 0.10 inches
= (0.10 lb /in3)(0.10 in)/(386.4 lb -in/lb -s2) = 2.588(10)-5 lb -s2/in3

m m f f
a = 10.0 inches
with the numerical values used above
1 Eh3
=
1 (10.0 10 6)(0.10)3 = 9.467
2 2 5 2
2 a 12 1 2
( ) 2 (10.0) 12(2.588 10 )[1 (0.3) ]
cycles/sec.
cycles/sec
2 is tabulated from the reference as follows:

ij
Table 16-1: Values of 2
ij
Mode Number of Nodal Number of Nodal
2
Number ij Diameters (i) Circles (j)
1 4.977 0 0
2 13.94 1 0
3 25.65 2 0
4 29.76 0 1
5(l) 3 0
6 48.51 1 1
(l) not tabulated in the reference
Comparison
Table 16-2: Comparison of frequency values, Hz, for verification problem no. 16
Mode STAADBasic STAADAdvanced
Theoretical
Number Solver Solver
1 47.12 46.21 46.21
2 132.0 130.54 130.54
3 242.8 240.15 240.15
4 281.7 283.03 283.03
5* 373.2 373.2
6 459.3 466.58 466.58
97 STAAD.Pro
*The reference did not tabulate a value of for the fifth mode of the structure, hence a comparison
with the theoretical value of this mode cannot be made.
Discussion
All anti-symmetric mode shapes for the 360 degree circular plate were captured by the 180 degree
model with a phase angle included in the calculation. Some of the difference between the
theoretical and STAAD frequencies is attributed to the loss of mass due to the piecewise secant
representation of the outer radius and, since this mass is about 1 percent lower than for a true
circular plate, it is not surprising that the first few modes are lower than the theoretical solution.
Input file
STAAD SPACE STAAD VER. PROB. 16

* NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF A CIRCULAR PLATE
UNIT POUND INCH
JOINT COORD CYLINDRICAL
1 1 -90 0 13 1 90 0
REP 2 1.244 0 0
REP 1 1.051 0 0
REP 1 1.367 0 0
REP 1 1.779 0 0
REP 1 2.315 0 0
JOINT COORD
1000 0 0 0
ELEM INCI
1 1000 1 2 ; 2 1000 2 3 ; 3 1000 3 4 ; 4 1000 4 5 ; 5 1000 5 6
6 1000 6 7 ; 7 1000 7 8 ; 8 1000 8 9 ; 9 1000 9 10 ; 10 1000 10 11
11 1000 11 12 ; 12 1000 12 13
13 1 14 15 2 TO 24
REP 5 12 13
ELEM PROP
1 TO 84 TH 0.1
CONST
E 10.0E6 ALL
POISS 0.3 ALL
DENS 0.1 ALL
SUPP
* CENTRE OF CIRCLE
1000 FIXED BUT FZ MX

* INTERIOR NODES
2 TO 12 15 TO 25 28 TO 38 41 TO 51 54 TO 64 -
67 TO 77 FIXED BUT FZ MX MY
* NODES ALONG CIRCUMFERENCE
79 TO 91 FIXED BUT MX MY
* NODES ALONG DIAMETER EXCEPT THE TWO AT THE ENDS OF THE DIAMETER.
1 TO 66 BY 13 13 TO 78 BY 13 FIXED BUT FZ MX
LOAD 1
SELF X 1.0
SELF Y 1.0
SELF Z 1.0
MODAL CALC REQ
PERF ANALY
FINI
STAAD Output
99 STAAD.Pro
****************************************************
* *
* Version 20.07.07.32 *
* Date= MAR 9, 2011 *
* Time= 11: 5:45 *
* *
****************************************************
1. STAAD SPACE STAAD VER. PROB. 16
2. * NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF A CIRCULAR PLATE
4. UNIT POUND INCH
5. JOINT COORD CYLINDRICAL
6. 1 1 -90 0 13 1 90 0
7. REP 2 1.244 0 0
8. REP 1 1.051 0 0
9. REP 1 1.367 0 0
10. REP 1 1.779 0 0
11. REP 1 2.315 0 0
13. JOINT COORD
14. 1000 0 0 0
16. ELEM INCI
17. 1 1000 1 2 ; 2 1000 2 3 ; 3 1000 3 4 ; 4 1000 4 5 ; 5 1000 5 6
18. 6 1000 6 7 ; 7 1000 7 8 ; 8 1000 8 9 ; 9 1000 9 10 ; 10 1000 10 11
19. 11 1000 11 12 ; 12 1000 12 13
21. 13 1 14 15 2 TO 24
22. REP 5 12 13
24. ELEM PROP
25. 1 TO 84 TH 0.1
27. CONST
28. E 10.0E6 ALL
29. POISS 0.3 ALL
30. DENS 0.1 ALL
32. SUPP
34. * CENTRE OF CIRCLE
35. 1000 FIXED BUT FZ MX
37. * INTERIOR NODES
38. 2 TO 12 15 TO 25 28 TO 38 41 TO 51 54 TO 64 -
39. 67 TO 77 FIXED BUT FZ MX MY
41. * NODES ALONG CIRCUMFERENCE
42. 79 TO 91 FIXED BUT MX MY
44. * NODES ALONG DIAMETER EXCEPT THE TWO AT THE ENDS OF THE DIAMETER.
45. 1 TO 66 BY 13 13 TO 78 BY 13 FIXED BUT FZ MX
47. LOAD 1
48. SELF X 1.0
49. SELF Y 1.0
50. SELF Z 1.0
51. MODAL CALC REQ
52. PERF ANALY
-----------------------------------


1 46.211 0.02164 5.178E-16
2 130.541 0.00766 1.038E-15
3 240.146 0.00416 2.045E-16
4 283.028 0.00353 8.835E-16
5 373.198 0.00268 5.081E-16
6 466.579 0.00214 2.601E-08
7 527.844 0.00189 6.230E-13
8 672.921 0.00149 2.235E-07
9 701.137 0.00143 6.994E-10
10 712.175 0.00140 5.522E-07
11 888.597 0.00113 1.377E-08
12 903.499 0.00111 5.277E-07
MODE X Y Z WEIGHT
1 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00 1.053697E+00 4.537235E-01
2 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00 2.213951E-10 3.944625E-01
3 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00 1.886318E-07 3.935445E-01
4 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00 1.275807E-01 1.752588E-01
5 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00 1.060158E-08 4.222042E-01
6 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00 7.873980E-10 2.165125E-01
--------------------------------------
1 0.00 0.00 86.78 0.000 0.000 86.780
2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 86.780
3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 86.780
4 0.00 0.00 10.51 0.000 0.000 97.287
5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 97.287
6 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 97.287
53. FINI
**** DATE= MAR 9,2011 TIME= 11: 5:46 ****
************************************************************
* *
* USA +1 (714) 974-2500 *
* UK +44 (0) 808 101 9246 *
* SINGAPORE +65 6225-6158 *
* FRANCE +33 (0) 1 55238400 *
* GERMANY +49 0931 40468 *
* INDIA +91 (033) 4006-2021 *
* CHINA +86 21 6288 4040 *
* *
* *
************************************************************
101 STAAD.Pro

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
09/19/2003 0x2fc0 00081970 CMesh.dll
02/22/2011 0x12c0 00294912 EC3Annex.dll
02/22/2011 0x2900 00376832 EuroCode3.dll
01/24/2001 0x9b40 00073728 LoadGen.dll
09/25/2003 0x6340 00704512 MeshEngine.dll
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

17 Natural Frequencies of a Rectangular Plate
Purpose
Reference
Blevins, Robert D., Formulas for Natural Frequency and Mode Shape, Van Nostrand Reinhold
Company, 1979, page 258.
Problem
A flat rectangular plate is simply supported on all four sides. The first six modes and their
associated natural frequencies are to be computed for this structure using the subspace iteration
method offered by STAAD. This problem also demonstrates that the mesh refinement can be
chosen to accurately calculate modes of interest based on the expected mode shapes.
Figure 17-1: Simply supported, rectangular plate
L = 45 in., W = 30 in., t = 0.2 in.
Model
A plate with an aspect ratio of 1.5 was used so that comparison could be made with theoretical
results tabulated for plates in the reference. An equally spaced mesh was utilized in both the x and
the y dimensions of the plate. The number of elements in each dimension was determined on the
basis of the highest mode of interest. Since the number of half-waves in the sixth mode is 3 in
the length dimension and 2 in the width dimension, a node spacing of 3.75 inches results in each
half- wave being represented by four elements which means that no element will be expected to

deform in double curvature. The simply supported edge condition requires that translation
normal to the plane of the plate be restrained for these edge nodes. Rotations normal to the plate
were restrained for all nodes.
Figure 17-2: Model: finite element meshed
Theoretical Answers
From the reference case 16 in Table 11-4, the first six natural frequencies of the plate are described
by the following equations:
ij2 Eh3
fij = 2
2 a 12 1 2
( )
= dimensionless parameter associated with the mode indices i, j

i = number of half-waves in this mode shape along the horizontal axis
j = number of half-waves in this mode shape along the vertical axis
= Poissons ratio
E = elastic modulus
h = plate thickness
= mass of material per unit area
a = length of plate
b = width of plate
104 STAAD.Pro
= 0.30
E =30.0x106 psi
h=0.2 inches
= (0.282 lb /in3)(0.20 in)/(386.4 lb -in/lb -s2) = .1460(10)-4 lb -s2/in3

m m f f
a = 45.0 inches
b = 30.0 inches
with the numerical values used above
1 Eh3
=
1 (30.0 10 6)(0.20)3 = 0.9644
2 2 4 2
2 a 12 1 2
( ) 2 (10.0) 12(1.460 10 )[1 (0.3) ]
cycles/sec.
2 is tabulated from the reference as follows:

ij
Table 17-1: Values of 2
ij
Mode Number of Half-Waves Number of Half-Waves
2
Number ij in Length (i) in Width (j)
1 32.08 1 1
2 61.69 2 1
3 98.70 1 2
4 111.0 3 1
5 128.3 2 2
6 177.7 3 2
Comparison
Table 17-2: Comparison of frequency values, Hz, for verificatoin problem no. 17
Mode STAADBasic STAADAdvanced
Theoretical
Number Solver Solver
1 30.94 30.6 30.6
2 59.49 58.72 58.72
3 95.18 95.06 95.06
4 107.1 106.28 106.28
5 123.7 122.09 122.09
6 171.3 168.0 168.0

Discussion
As was noted earlier, the node spacing was based on the highest mode of interest. It follows that
the difference between the theoretical and STAAD frequencies generally increases with increasing
mode sequence.
Input file
STAAD SPACE STAAD VER. PROB. 17.

* NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF A RECTANGULAR PLATE
UNIT POUND INCH
JOINT COORD
1 0 0 0 13 45 0 0
REP ALL 8 0 3.75 0
ELEM INCI
1 1 2 15 14 TO 12
REP 7 12 13
ELEM PROP
1 TO 96 TH 0.2
CONST
E 30.0E6 ALL
DENS 0.282 ALL
POISSON 0.3 ALL
CUT OFF FREQ 1000
SUPPORT
* CORNER NODES
1 13 105 117 FIXED BUT MX MY
* NODES ALONG Y=0 AND Y=30
2 TO 12 106 TO 116 FIXED BUT MX MY
* NODES ALONG X=0
14 TO 92 BY 13 FIXED BUT MX MY
* NODES ALONG X=45
26 TO 104 BY 13 FIXED BUT MX MY
* INTERIOR NODES
15 TO 25 28 TO 38 41 TO 51 54 TO 64 67 TO 77 80 TO 90 -
93 TO 103 FIXED BUT FZ MX MY
106 STAAD.Pro
LOAD 1
SELF X 1
SELF Y 1
SELF Z 1
MODAL CALC REQ
PERF ANALY
FINI
STAAD Output

****************************************************
* *
* Version 20.07.07.32 *
* Date= MAR 9, 2011 *
* Time= 11: 5:51 *
* *
****************************************************
2. * NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF A RECTANGULAR PLATE
4. UNIT POUND INCH
5. JOINT COORD
6. 1 0 0 0 13 45 0 0
7. REP ALL 8 0 3.75 0
8. ELEM INCI
9. 1 1 2 15 14 TO 12
10. REP 7 12 13
11. ELEM PROP
12. 1 TO 96 TH 0.2
13. CONST
14. E 30.0E6 ALL
15. DENS 0.282 ALL
16. POISSON 0.3 ALL
18. CUT OFF FREQ 1000
19. SUPP
21. * CORNER NODES
22. 1 13 105 117 FIXED BUT MX MY
24. * NODES ALONG Y=0 AND Y=30
25. 2 TO 12 106 TO 116 FIXED BUT MX MY
27. * NODES ALONG X=0
28. 14 TO 92 BY 13 FIXED BUT MX MY
30. * NODES ALONG X=45
31. 26 TO 104 BY 13 FIXED BUT MX MY
33. * INTERIOR NODES
34. 15 TO 25 28 TO 38 41 TO 51 54 TO 64 67 TO 77 80 TO 90 -
35. 93 TO 103 FIXED BUT FZ MX MY
37. LOAD 1
38. SELF X 1
39. SELF Y 1
40. SELF Z 1
41. MODAL CALC REQ
42. PERF ANALY
-----------------------------------
1 30.599 0.03268 1.968E-16
2 58.724 0.01703 4.325E-13
108 STAAD.Pro
3 95.063 0.01052 9.652E-11

4 106.277 0.00941 8.480E-10
5 122.092 0.00819 1.381E-08
6 168.009 0.00595 9.194E-07
7 173.592 0.00576 3.784E-07
8 204.044 0.00490 1.762E-06
9 229.811 0.00435 4.807E-05
10 233.369 0.00429 2.127E-05
11 261.140 0.00383 4.621E-05
MODE X Y Z WEIGHT
1 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00 4.833474E+01 1.915442E+01
2 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00 4.228619E-20 1.920213E+01
3 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00 1.629244E-18 1.925533E+01
4 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00 4.837136E+00 1.927464E+01
5 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00 1.069665E-13 1.927599E+01
6 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00 7.199120E-11 1.936302E+01
--------------------------------------
1 0.00 0.00 79.15 0.000 0.000 79.146
2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 79.146
3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 79.146
4 0.00 0.00 7.92 0.000 0.000 87.066
5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 87.066
6 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 87.066
43. FINI
**** DATE= MAR 9,2011 TIME= 11: 5:52 ****
************************************************************
* *
* USA +1 (714) 974-2500 *
* UK +44 (0) 808 101 9246 *
* SINGAPORE +65 6225-6158 *
* FRANCE +33 (0) 1 55238400 *
* GERMANY +49 0931 40468 *
* INDIA +91 (033) 4006-2021 *
* CHINA +86 21 6288 4040 *
* *
* *
************************************************************
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

09/19/2003 0x2fc0 00081970 CMesh.dll

02/22/2011 0x12c0 00294912 EC3Annex.dll
02/22/2011 0x2900 00376832 EuroCode3.dll
01/24/2001 0x9b40 00073728 LoadGen.dll
09/25/2003 0x6340 00704512 MeshEngine.dll
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
110 STAAD.Pro
18 Natural Modes of a Framework
Purpose
Compare the results from STAAD's subspace iteration method with the results from EASE2 and
ANSYS.
Reference
1. Problem 1, from the ASME 1972 Program Verification and Qualification Library
2. DeSalvo, G.J., and Swanson, J.A., ANSYS Engineering Analysis System Examples Manual,
Swanson Analysis Systems, Inc., 1979, Example Problem No. 2.
3. Peterson, F.E., EASE2 Elastic Analysis for Structural Engineering Example Problem
Manual, Engineering Analysis Corporation, 1981, Example 2.03.
Problem
A three dimensional frame is analyzed for its natural frequencies and the associated mode shapes
using the subspace iteration method offered by STAAD.
Figure 18-1: Frame model
All dimensions are in inches.

Model
The only entity present in the model is the general purpose three dimensional beam.
Cross-section Properties
All the beam elements have the same cross section:
Outside radius, Ro = 1.1875 in.

Inside radius, Ri = 1.0335 in.
Area = (Ro2 - Ri2) = 1.074532 in2
Moment of Inertia, I = /4(Ro4 - Ri4)
I = 0.665747 in4
Torsion constant = twice the inertia, for closed circular sections = 1.331494 in4
The expression for the shear flexibility factor is derived from the ratio of maximum shear stress to
the average shear stress:
= AQ/Ib
Where the four items A, Q, I, and b are properties of the half cross-section about the centerline.
For the circular section they are:
A = /2(Ro2 - Ri2)
Q = 2/3(Ro3 - Ri3)
I = /8(Ro4 - Ri4)
I = 2(Ro - Ri)
The final expression for the shear flexibility factor, for a circular tube section is:
3
AQ 4 R o R i3
= =
Ib 3 R o R i2 R o R i
( 2
)( )
= 1.993620
Hence the shear area is entered as
AY = Cross Section Area / = 1.074532 / 1.99362 = 0.538985 in2
Comparison
The following table compares Twenty-Four Natural Frequencies
Table 18-1: Comparison of natural frequency values (cycles per second) for
verification problem no. 18
Mode DeSalvo and Peterson STAADBasic STAADAdvanced
3
Number Swanson2 Solver Solver
1 111.52 111.53 111.23 111.23
112 STAAD.Pro
Mode DeSalvo and Peterson STAADBasic STAADAdvanced

3
Number Swanson2 Solver Solver
2 115.95 115.96 115.80 115.80
3 137.60 137.61 137.17 137.17
4 218.02 218.03 215.80 215.80
5 404.23 404.23 404.27 404.27
6 422.70 422.72 422.64 422.64
7 451.72 451.75 451.60 451.60
8 553.99 554.07 549.01 549.01
9 735.70 735.81 733.59 733.59
10 762.32 762.44 758.56 758.56
11 852.57 852.72 851.36 851.36
12 894.08 894.26 892.28 892.28
13 910.21 910.40 893.06 893.06
14 916.98 917.18 910.83 910.83
15 940.02 940.02 932.29 932.29
16 959.98 960.27 956.39 956.39
17 971.15 971.44 964.01 964.01
18 976.92 977.22 967.27 967.27
19 1012.2 1012.5 981.54 981.54
20 1028.4 1028.8 1009.26 1009.26
21 1123.6 1123.9 1070.56 1070.56
22 1134.5 1134.9 1123.16 1123.16
23 1164.1 1164.4 1149.37 1149.37
24 1216.7 1217.2 1199.88 1199.88
In both references by DeSalvo and Swanson2 and Peterson3, the number of dynamic degrees of
freedom has been reduced from 42 to 24, by means of the Guyan method. No such reduction is
performed in the STAAD model.

Input File

* NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF A SPACE FRAME
UNIT POUND INCH
JOINT COORD
1 0 0 0 ; 2 27.25 0 0
3 0 10 0 ; 4 27.25 10 0
5 0 18.625 0 ; 6 8.625 18.625 0 ; 7 18.625 18.625 0 ; 8 27.25 18.625 0
9 0 18.625 8.625 ; 10 27.25 18.625 8.625
11 0 0 17.25 ; 12 27.25 0 17.25

13 0 10 17.25 ; 14 27.25 10 17.25
15 0 18.625 17.25 ; 16 8.625 18.625 17.25
17 18.625 18.625 17.25 ; 18 27.25 18.625 17.25
MEMB INCI
1 1 3 ; 2 2 4 ; 3 3 5 ; 4 4 8
5 5 6 7
8 5 9 ; 9 8 10 ; 10 9 15 ; 11 10 18
12 11 13 ; 13 12 14 ; 14 13 15 ; 15 14 18
16 15 16 ; 17 16 17 ; 18 17 18
MEMB PROP
1 TO 18 PRIS AX 1.074532 IZ 0.665747 IY 0.665747 IX 1.331494 -
AY 0.538985 AZ 0.538985
* AY 1.88 AZ 1.88
CONST
E 27.9E6 ALL
POISS 0.3 ALL
114 STAAD.Pro
1 2 11 12 FIXED
LOAD 1
JOINT LOAD
3 4 13 14 FX 3.4517 FY 3.4517 FZ 3.4517
6 7 16 17 FX 3.4517 FY 3.4517 FZ 3.4517
9 10 FX 3.4517 FY 3.4517 FZ 3.4517
5 8 15 18 FX 9.7973 FY 9.7973 FZ 9.7973
MODAL CALC REQ

PERF ANALY
FINI
STAAD Output

****************************************************
* *
* Version 20.07.07.32 *
* Date= MAR 9, 2011 *
* Time= 11: 5:56 *
* *
****************************************************
2. * NATURAL MODES OF A SPACE FRAME
4. UNIT POUND INCH
5. JOINT COORD
6. 1 0 0 0 ; 2 27.25 0 0
7. 3 0 10 0 ; 4 27.25 10 0
8. 5 0 18.625 0 ; 6 8.625 18.625 0 ; 7 18.625 18.625 0 ; 8 27.25 18.625 0
10. 9 0 18.625 8.625 ; 10 27.25 18.625 8.625
12. 11 0 0 17.25 ; 12 27.25 0 17.25
13. 13 0 10 17.25 ; 14 27.25 10 17.25
14. 15 0 18.625 17.25 ; 16 8.625 18.625 17.25
15. 17 18.625 18.625 17.25 ; 18 27.25 18.625 17.25
17. MEMB INCI
18. 1 1 3 ; 2 2 4 ; 3 3 5 ; 4 4 8
19. 5 5 6 7
21. 8 5 9 ; 9 8 10 ; 10 9 15 ; 11 10 18
23. 12 11 13 ; 13 12 14 ; 14 13 15 ; 15 14 18
24. 16 15 16 ; 17 16 17 ; 18 17 18
26. MEMB PROP
27. 1 TO 18 PRIS AX 1.074532 IZ 0.665747 IY 0.665747 IX 1.331494 -
28. AY 0.538985 AZ 0.538985
29. * AY 1.88 AZ 1.88
31. CONST
32. E 27.9E6 ALL
33. POISS 0.3 ALL
36. SUPP
37. 1 2 11 12 FIXED
39. LOAD 1
40. JOINT LOAD
41. 3 4 13 14 FX 3.4517 FY 3.4517 FZ 3.4517
42. 6 7 16 17 FX 3.4517 FY 3.4517 FZ 3.4517
43. 9 10 FX 3.4517 FY 3.4517 FZ 3.4517
44. 5 8 15 18 FX 9.7973 FY 9.7973 FZ 9.7973
46. MODAL CALC REQ
47. PERF ANALY
* NATURAL MODES OF A SPACE FRAME
-----------------------------------
1 111.236 0.00899 7.150E-16
116 STAAD.Pro
2 115.801 0.00864 4.398E-16

3 137.169 0.00729 3.134E-16
4 215.799 0.00463 1.266E-15
5 404.271 0.00247 4.330E-16
6 422.642 0.00237 5.283E-16
7 451.600 0.00221 0.000E+00
8 549.012 0.00182 1.565E-16
9 733.589 0.00136 0.000E+00
10 758.563 0.00132 3.280E-16
11 851.355 0.00117 3.906E-16
12 892.281 0.00112 3.556E-16
13 893.060 0.00112 0.000E+00
14 910.829 0.00110 5.881E-12
15 932.286 0.00107 2.171E-16
16 956.391 0.00105 2.063E-16
17 964.012 0.00104 7.216E-10
18 967.267 0.00103 0.000E+00
19 981.536 0.00102 0.000E+00
20 1009.256 0.00099 3.706E-16
21 1070.562 0.00093 1.419E-10
22 1123.161 0.00089 4.488E-16
23 1149.368 0.00087 9.081E-09
24 1199.882 0.00083 3.933E-16
25 1262.045 0.00079 7.109E-16
26 1352.368 0.00074 0.000E+00
27 1355.475 0.00074 7.348E-10
28 1410.628 0.00071 1.897E-16
29 1512.064 0.00066 3.302E-16
30 1567.343 0.00064 3.073E-16
31 1926.045 0.00052 4.070E-16
32 1943.161 0.00051 1.999E-16
33 3654.783 0.00027 5.062E-08
34 3659.116 0.00027 4.511E-16
35 4514.280 0.00022 7.409E-16
36 4514.644 0.00022 7.422E-08
37 4515.631 0.00022 5.923E-16
38 4516.026 0.00022 1.481E-16
39 4815.936 0.00021 3.906E-16
40 5312.712 0.00019 4.279E-16
MODE X Y Z WEIGHT
1 6.984127E+01 2.148148E-33 2.116575E-28 6.127270E+01
2 1.278059E-28 4.260871E-33 7.005318E+01 5.765801E+01
3 1.334786E-26 1.506346E-32 7.258520E-26 7.213568E+01
4 5.363809E-23 8.246502E-38 9.476748E-28 7.915617E+01
5 5.181462E-30 4.244586E-03 8.548127E-32 1.532638E+01
6 1.574093E-27 1.825469E+01 3.599063E-35 1.469096E+01
7 1.297531E-27 1.703203E-29 5.112395E-03 1.450510E+01
8 4.947173E-32 1.476836E-32 2.966451E-01 1.825927E+01
9 6.029626E-28 9.521517E+00 6.548318E-27 1.177227E+01
10 9.808873E-04 2.461898E-29 7.138047E-30 1.174657E+01
11 1.321193E+00 4.883939E-31 5.697600E-24 1.582130E+01
12 4.394276E-25 1.911258E+00 1.705243E-24 1.624941E+01
13 1.722238E+00 2.888943E-26 1.809548E-24 3.802992E+01
14 2.862893E-26 2.885970E-28 2.865256E-30 2.195000E+01
15 2.786326E-28 1.289225E-28 2.363041E-01 1.628835E+01
16 1.013788E-24 4.122944E+00 1.025583E-24 1.648078E+01
17 2.160889E-24 4.239236E-28 1.355195E-26 1.622822E+01

18 3.256494E-26 1.184829E-28 3.083967E+00 1.640511E+01

19 3.491379E-01 1.623903E-30 1.402550E-24 2.835636E+01
20 3.469303E-25 1.122183E+01 5.217990E-24 2.560370E+01
21 9.923317E-24 1.878264E-27 1.264702E-26 3.464233E+01
22 3.635978E-01 1.612759E-28 2.105646E-25 3.137066E+01
23 3.474316E-25 3.040856E-29 1.020214E-23 1.555328E+01
24 6.381997E-02 1.963886E-28 1.643944E-29 2.520960E+01
--------------------------------------
1 94.76 0.00 0.00 94.756 0.000 0.000
2 0.00 0.00 95.04 94.756 0.000 95.044
3 0.00 0.00 0.00 94.756 0.000 95.044
4 0.00 0.00 0.00 94.756 0.000 95.044
5 0.00 0.01 0.00 94.756 0.006 95.044
6 0.00 24.77 0.00 94.756 24.773 95.044
7 0.00 0.00 0.01 94.756 24.773 95.051
8 0.00 0.00 0.40 94.756 24.773 95.453
9 0.00 12.92 0.00 94.756 37.691 95.453
10 0.00 0.00 0.00 94.758 37.691 95.453
11 1.79 0.00 0.00 96.550 37.691 95.453
12 0.00 2.59 0.00 96.550 40.284 95.453
13 2.34 0.00 0.00 98.887 40.284 95.453
14 0.00 0.00 0.00 98.887 40.284 95.453
15 0.00 0.00 0.32 98.887 40.284 95.774
16 0.00 5.59 0.00 98.887 45.878 95.774
17 0.00 0.00 0.00 98.887 45.878 95.774
18 0.00 0.00 4.18 98.887 45.878 99.958
19 0.47 0.00 0.00 99.360 45.878 99.958
20 0.00 15.23 0.00 99.360 61.103 99.958
21 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.360 61.103 99.958
22 0.49 0.00 0.00 99.854 61.103 99.958
23 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.854 61.103 99.958
24 0.09 0.00 0.00 99.940 61.103 99.958
48. FINI
**** DATE= MAR 9,2011 TIME= 11: 5:56 ****
************************************************************
* *
* USA +1 (714) 974-2500 *
* UK +44 (0) 808 101 9246 *
* SINGAPORE +65 6225-6158 *
* FRANCE +33 (0) 1 55238400 *
* GERMANY +49 0931 40468 *
* INDIA +91 (033) 4006-2021 *
* CHINA +86 21 6288 4040 *
* *
* *
************************************************************
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
118 STAAD.Pro

09/19/2003 0x2fc0 00081970 CMesh.dll
02/22/2011 0x12c0 00294912 EC3Annex.dll
02/22/2011 0x2900 00376832 EuroCode3.dll
01/24/2001 0x9b40 00073728 LoadGen.dll
09/25/2003 0x6340 00704512 MeshEngine.dll
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

NOTES
120 STAAD.Pro
19 Response of a Simply Supported Beam to a
Shock Spectrum
Purpose
Reference
1. Biggs, John M., Introduction to Structural Dynamics, McGraw Hill, 1964, pp. 256-263
2. Blevins, Robert D., Formulas for Natural Frequency and Mode Shape, Van Nostrand-
Reinhold, 1979.
Problem
The supports of a simply supported beam are subjected to an acceleration time history. The
maximum bending moment in the beam is computed for the first mode of the structure. This
problem demonstrates the capabilities of STAAD to calculate the correct modal response of a
structure utilizing response spectrum data.
Figure 19-1: Simple span beam
Model
The STAAD model consists of 11 nodes and 10 elastic beam elements. Node 1 is completely
restrained with the exception of having rotational freedom in the Z direction, the remaining nodes
are restrained except for X and Y displacements and Z rotations. Node 11 is additionally restrained
against displacements in the Y direction to provide for the simple support condition . Only the
contribution of the first mode of the structure is considered.

19 Response of a Simply Supported Beam to a Shock Spectrum
Figure 19-2: Finite element model
Theoretical Solution
Material Properties
L = 240.0 inches
E = 30 x 106 lb/in2
EI = 1.0 x 1010 lb-in2
m = 0.2 lb-sec2 / in2
h = 14.0 in.
From Reference 2, Table 8-1, page 108, the fundamental frequency of the beam is:
2 10
i EI 9.869 1.0(10)
fi = = = 6.098hz
2 2 m 2 (240) 2 0.2
The modal participation factor for the fundamental mode is:

1
0 m(x ) d x
= 1 2
0 m (x ) d x
Where the first mode shape, (x) = sin(x/1)

1 x
m sin dx
0 1
= 1 2 x
= 4/
m sin dx
0 1
The maximum relative modal displacement is given by:

A = u 0
max max
Where:
u0 = y'' /2(DLF)
max so max
- 2*6.098Hz
y'' = 1.0g
so
122 STAAD.Pro
(DLF) = 1.648 at 6.098 Hz

max
therefore:
A = 4(1.648)(386.4)/[(2)2(6.098)2] = 0.5523 in.
max
The bending moment
M = -EI2u/(x2)
Where u for the first mode= A sin(x/l)
2u/(x2) = - 2/l2Asin(x/l)
M = AEI( 2/l2)sin(x/l)
M =A EI( 2/l2)
max max
at x = l/2
M = 1(10)10(0.5523) 2/(2402) = 946.351(10)3 lbin
max
at x=l/2
Comparison
Table 19-1: Comparison of max. moment in beam 5 for verification problem no.
19
STAAD STAAD
Solution Theory
Bending Moment (kip-inch) 946.351 947.09 947.09
Input File

* RESPONSE OF A SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM TO A SHOCK SPECTRUM
UNIT POUND INCH
JOINT COORD
1 0 0 0 11 240 0 0
MEMB INCI
1 1 2 10
MEMB PROP
1 TO 10 PRIS YD 14.0 ZD 1.45777 AX 20.4082 IX 40.0 IY 3.6139 IZ 333.333
CONST
E 30.0E6 ALL
POISS 0.3 ALL
DENS 3.78672 ALL

SUPPORT
1 FIXED BUT MZ
2 TO 10 FIXED BUT FX FY MZ
11 FIXED BUT FX MZ
LOAD 1
SELF X 1.0
SELF Y 1.0
SPECTRUM SRSS Y 1.0 ACC DAMP 0.001 SCALE 386.4
0.15 1.648 ; 0.17 1.648
PERF ANALY
PRINT MEMB FORCE LIST 5
FINI
STAAD Output
124 STAAD.Pro
****************************************************
* *
* Version 20.07.07.32 *
* Date= MAR 9, 2011 *
* Time= 11: 6: 1 *
* *
****************************************************
2. * RESPONSE OF A SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM TO A SHOCK SPECTRUM
3. UNIT POUND INCH
4. JOINT COORD
5. 1 0 0 0 11 240 0 0
6. MEMB INCI
7. 1 1 2 10
8. MEMB PROP
9. 1 TO 10 PRIS YD 14.0 ZD 1.45777 AX 20.4082 IX 40.0 IY 3.6139 IZ 333.333
10. CONST
11. E 30.0E6 ALL
12. POISS 0.3 ALL
13. DENS 3.78672 ALL
15. SUPPORT
16. 1 FIXED BUT MZ
17. 2 TO 10 FIXED BUT FX FY MZ
18. 11 FIXED BUT FX MZ
19. LOAD 1
20. SELF X 1.0
21. SELF Y 1.0
22. SPECTRUM SRSS Y 1.0 ACC DAMP 0.001 SCALE 386.4
23. 0.15 1.648 ; 0.17 1.648
24. PERF ANALY
-----------------------------------
* RESPONSE OF A SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM TO A S
1 6.069 0.16476 2.208E-07
2 23.959 0.04174 8.561E-07
3 52.682 0.01898 1.066E-08
MODE X Y Z WEIGHT

1 3.605170E-18 1.478714E+04 0.000000E+00 9.273617E+03

RESPONSE LOAD CASE 1
SRSS MODAL COMBINATION METHOD USED.
DYNAMIC WEIGHT X Y Z 1.761987E+04 1.669251E+04 0.000000E+00 POUN
MISSING WEIGHT X Y Z -1.761987E+04 -1.905373E+03 0.000000E+00 POUN
MODAL WEIGHT X Y Z 3.605170E-18 1.478714E+04 0.000000E+00 POUN
MODE ACCELERATION-G DAMPING
---- -------------- -------
1 1.64933 0.00100
MODAL BASE ACTIONS FORCES IN POUN LENGTH IN INCH
-----------------------------------------------------------
MOMENTS ARE ABOUT THE ORIGIN
MODE PERIOD FX FY FZ MX MY MZ
1 0.165 0.00 24388.86 0.00 0.00 0.00 2926662.97
MASS PARTICIPATION FACTORS IN PERCENT BASE SHEAR IN POUN
-------------------------------------- ------------------
MODE X Y Z SUMM-X SUMM-Y SUMM-Z X Y Z
1 0.00 88.59 0.00 0.000 88.585 0.000 0.00 24388.86 0.00
---------------------------
TOTAL SRSS SHEAR 0.00 24388.86 0.00
TOTAL 10PCT SHEAR 0.00 24388.86 0.00
TOTAL ABS SHEAR 0.00 24388.86 0.00
25. PRINT MEMB FORCE LIST 5
MEMBER END FORCES STRUCTURE TYPE = SPACE
-----------------
ALL UNITS ARE -- POUN INCH (LOCAL )
5 1 5 0.02 1931.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 900734.25
6 0.02 1931.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 947088.00
26. FINI
**** DATE= MAR 9,2011 TIME= 11: 6: 2 ****
************************************************************
* *
* USA +1 (714) 974-2500 *
* UK +44 (0) 808 101 9246 *
* SINGAPORE +65 6225-6158 *
* FRANCE +33 (0) 1 55238400 *
* GERMANY +49 0931 40468 *
* INDIA +91 (033) 4006-2021 *
* CHINA +86 21 6288 4040 *
* *
* *
************************************************************
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
09/19/2003 0x2fc0 00081970 CMesh.dll
126 STAAD.Pro
02/22/2011 0x12c0 00294912 EC3Annex.dll

02/22/2011 0x2900 00376832 EuroCode3.dll
01/24/2001 0x9b40 00073728 LoadGen.dll
09/25/2003 0x6340 00704512 MeshEngine.dll
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

NOTES
128 STAAD.Pro
20 Thermal Loading on a Simply Supported
Rectangular Plate
Purpose
Reference
Timoshenko, S., and Woinowsky-Krieger, S., Theory of Plates and Shells, Second Edition,
McGraw-Hill, 1959, pages 162 - 165.
Problem
A rectangular plate is simply supported on all four sides. The transverse and longitudinal bending
moments as well as the deflections at several points on the plate are computed.
Figure 20-1: Rectangular plate model
L = 12 in., W = 16 in.
Model
The plate is modeled using 1 in. X 1 in. size elements. At the corner nodes, all the degrees of
freedom are considered restrained. For the nodes along the four edges, rotation is permitted about
that edge.
From the Reference, equation (j), the expression for deflection normal to the plate surface is:

20 Thermal Loading on a Simply Supported Rectangular Plate

2 mx my
t (1 + )4 sin cosh
m = 1, 3, 5
w=
3h m 3 1 cosh m

where
= mb/(2a)
From the Reference, equation (k), the expressions for bending moment per unit width are
mx my
4Dt (1 2) sin cosh
Mx = m = 1, 3, 5
h m cosh m
mx my
t (1 2) D 4Dt (1 2) sin cosh
My = m = 1, 3, 5
h h m cosh m
Where:
= Coefficient of Thermal Expansion

t = Difference between the temperatures of the upper and lower surfaces of the plate
= Poissons ratio
h = Plate thickness
a = Dimension of the plate along the x1 axis
b = Dimension of the plate along the x2 axis
E = Elastic Modulus
D = Eh3/[12(1 - 2)
= 12.0E-06 / F
t = 450 F
= 0.3
h = 0.3 in.
a = 12 in.
b = 16 in.
E= 10.0E6 psi
130 STAAD.Pro
Comparison
Deflections along X = 6
Table 20-1: Comparison of deflections along X = 6, in inches, for verification
problem no. 20
STAAD
STAAD Basic
Node Theoretical Advanced
X Y Solver
Number Deflection Solver
Deflection
Deflection
7 6 -8 0.00 0.00 0.00
20 6 -7 0.0897 0.0897 0.0897
33 6 -6 0.1597 0.1597 0.1597
46 6 -5 0.2132 0.2132 0.2132
59 6 -4 0.2531 0.2531 0.2531
72 6 -3 0.2818 0.2818 0.2818
85 6 -2 0.3011 0.3011 0.3011
98 6 -1 0.3122 0.3122 0.3122
111 6 0 0.3158 0.3158 0.3158
124 6 1 0.3122 0.3122 0.3122

Deflections along Y = 1
Table 20-2: Comparison of deflections along Y = 1, in inches, for verification
problem no. 20
STAAD
STAAD Basic
Node Theoretical Advanced
X Y Solver
Number Deflection Solver
Deflection
Deflection
118 0 1 0 0 0
119 1 1 0.1004 0.1004 0.1004
120 2 1 0.1794 0.1794 0.1794
121 3 1 0.2387 0.2387 0.2387
122 4 1 0.2799 0.2799 0.2799
123 5 1 0.3042 0.3042 0.3042
124 6 1 0.3122 0.3122 0.3122
125 7 1 0.3042 0.3042 0.3042
126 8 1 0.2799 0.2799 0.2799
127 9 1 0.2387 0.2387 0.2387
128 10 1 0.1794 0.1794 0.1794
129 11 1 0.1004 0.1004 0.1004
130 12 1 0 0 0
132 STAAD.Pro
Bending Moments along Y = 0.5

Table 20-3: Comparison of bending moments along Y = 0.5, in in-lbs/in, for
STAAD
STAAD BASIC
Theoretical ADVANCED
SOLVER
Element Moment SOLVER
X Y Moment
Number (Pound-in/in) Moment (Pound-
(Pound-in/in)
in/in)
Mx My Mx My Mx My
97 0.5 0.5 16.74 388.26 16.85 388.37 16.85 388.37
98 1.5 0.5 48.93 356.07 49.25 356.37 49.25 356.37
99 2.5 0.5 77.45 327.55 77.92 328.01 77.92 328.01
100 3.5 0.5 100.36 304.64 100.93 305.20 100.93 305.20
101 4.5 0.5 116.31 288.69 116.93 289.32 116.93 289.32
102 5.5 0.5 124.47 280.54 125.11 281.19 125.11 281.19
103 6.5 0.5 124.47 280.54 125.11 281.19 125.11 281.19
104 7.5 0.5 116.31 288.69 116.93 289.32 116.93 289.32
105 8.5 0.5 100.36 304.64 100.93 305.20 100.93 305.20
106 9.5 0.5 77.45 327.55 77.92 328.01 77.92 328.01
107 10.5 0.5 48.93 356.07 49.25 356.37 49.25 356.37
108 11.5 0.5 16.74 388.26 16.85 388.37 16.85 388.37

Bending Moments along X = 5.5

Table 20-4: Comparison of bending moments along X = 5.5, in in-lbs/in, for
STAAD
Theoretical STAAD BASIC
ADVANCED
Moment SOLVER
Element SOLVER
X Y (Pound- Moment
Number Moment (Pound-
in/in) (Pound-in/in)
in/in)
Mx My Mx My Mx My
6 5.5 - 373.88 31.12 373.27 32.17 373.27 32.17

7.5
18 5.5 - 311.64 93.36 312.19 93.95 312.19 93.95

6.5
30 5.5 - 256.83 148.17 257.59 148.94 257.59 148.94

5.5
42 5.5 - 211.14 193.87 211.95 194.66 211.95 194.66

4.5
54 5.5 - 175.41 229.60 176.20 230.35 176.20 230.35

3.5
66 5.5 - 149.47 255.53 150.19 256.25 150.19 256.25

2.5
78 5.5 - 132.68 272.32 133.36 273.00 133.36 273.00

1.5
90 5.5 - 124.47 280.54 125.11 281.19 125.11 281.19

0.5
102 5.5 0.5 124.47 280.54 125.11 281.19 125.11 281.19
114 5.5 1.5 132.68 272.32 133.36 273.00 133.36 273.00
126 5.5 2.5 149.47 255.53 150.19 256.25 150.19 256.25
138 5.5 3.5 175.41 229.59 176.20 230.35 176.20 230.35
150 5.5 4.5 211.14 193.87 211.95 194.66 211.95 194.66
162 5.5 5.5 256.83 148.17 257.59 148.94 257.59 148.94
Input File
134 STAAD.Pro
* THERMAL LOADING ON A RECTANGULAR PLATE.

UNIT POUND INCH
JOINT COORD
1 0 -8 0 13 12 -8 0
REP 16 0 1 0
ELEM INCI
1 1 2 15 14 TO 12
REP 15 12 13
ELEM PROP
1 TO 192 TH 0.3
CONST
E 10.0E6 ALL
POISS 0.3 ALL
ALPHA 12.0E-6 ALL
SUPP
1 13 209 221 FIXED
2 TO 12 210 TO 220 FIXED BUT MX
14 TO 196 BY 13 26 TO 208 BY 13 FIXED BUT MY
LOAD 1
TEMP LOAD
1 TO 192 TEMP 0 450
PERF ANALY
PRINT JOINT DISP LIST 119 TO 129 7 TO 215 BY 13
PRINT ELEM FORCE LIST 97 TO 108 6 TO 186 BY 12
FINI
STAAD Output

****************************************************
* *
* Version 20.07.07.32 *
* Date= MAR 9, 2011 *
* Time= 11: 6: 7 *
* *
****************************************************
2. * THERMAL LOADING ON A SIMPLY SUPPORTED RECTANGULAR PLATE.
4. UNIT POUND INCH
5. JOINT COORD
6. 1 0 -8 0 13 12 -8 0
7. REP 16 0 1 0
8. ELEM INCI
9. 1 1 2 15 14 TO 12
10. REP 15 12 13
11. ELEM PROP
12. 1 TO 192 TH 0.3
13. CONST
14. E 10.0E6 ALL
15. POISS 0.3 ALL
16. ALPHA 12.0E-6 ALL
17. SUPP
18. 1 13 209 221 FIXED
19. 2 TO 12 210 TO 220 FIXED BUT MX
20. 14 TO 196 BY 13 26 TO 208 BY 13 FIXED BUT MY
21. LOAD 1
22. TEMP LOAD
23. 1 TO 192 TEMP 0 450
24. PERF ANALY
-----------------------------------
* THERMAL LOADING ON A SIMPLY SUPPORTED RECT
25. PRINT JOINT DISP LIST 119 TO 129 7 TO 215 BY 13
------------------
119 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.10040 -0.00193 -0.08944 0.00000
120 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.17937 -0.00371 -0.06893 0.00000
121 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.23869 -0.00521 -0.05010 0.00000
122 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.27991 -0.00635 -0.03262 0.00000
123 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.30417 -0.00705 -0.01607 0.00000
124 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.31218 -0.00729 0.00000 0.00000
125 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.30417 -0.00705 0.01607 0.00000
126 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.27991 -0.00635 0.03262 0.00000
127 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.23869 -0.00521 0.05010 0.00000
128 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.17937 -0.00371 0.06893 0.00000
129 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.10040 -0.00193 0.08944 0.00000
7 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.10098 0.00000 0.00000
20 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.08974 0.07940 0.00000 0.00000
33 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.15969 0.06132 0.00000 0.00000
46 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.21318 0.04637 0.00000 0.00000
136 STAAD.Pro
59 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.25310 0.03406 0.00000 0.00000

72 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.28181 0.02380 0.00000 0.00000
85 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.30109 0.01506 0.00000 0.00000
98 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.31218 0.00729 0.00000 0.00000
111 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.31579 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
124 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.31218 -0.00729 0.00000 0.00000
137 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.30109 -0.01506 0.00000 0.00000
150 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.28181 -0.02380 0.00000 0.00000
163 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.25310 -0.03406 0.00000 0.00000
176 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.21318 -0.04637 0.00000 0.00000
189 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.15969 -0.06132 0.00000 0.00000
202 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.08974 -0.07940 0.00000 0.00000
215 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 -0.10098 0.00000 0.00000
26. PRINT ELEM STRESS LIST 97 TO 108 6 TO 186 BY 12
ELEMENT STRESSES FORCE,LENGTH UNITS= POUN INCH
----------------
STRESS = FORCE/UNIT WIDTH/THICK, MOMENT = FORCE-LENGTH/UNIT WIDTH
ELEMENT LOAD SQX SQY MX MY MXY
VONT VONB SX SY SXY
TRESCAT TRESCAB
97 1 -2.00 -0.08 -16.85 -388.37 16.53
25419.74 25419.74 0.00 0.00 0.00
25939.96 25939.96
TOP : SMAX= -1074.52 SMIN= -25939.96 TMAX= 12432.72 ANGLE= 2.5
BOTT: SMAX= 25939.96 SMIN= 1074.52 TMAX= 12432.72 ANGLE=-87.5
98 1 -1.69 -0.20 -49.25 -356.37 15.27
22367.84 22367.84 0.00 0.00 0.00
23808.31 23808.31
99 1 -1.23 -0.23 -77.92 -328.01 12.92
19844.14 19844.14 0.00 0.00 0.00
21911.49 21911.49
100 1 -0.78 -0.21 -100.93 -305.20 9.76
17989.87 17989.87 0.00 0.00 0.00
20377.92 20377.92
101 1 -0.42 -0.16 -116.93 -289.32 6.05
16820.57 16820.57 0.00 0.00 0.00
19302.28 19302.28
102 1 -0.13 -0.13 -125.11 -281.19 2.05
16269.07 16269.07 0.00 0.00 0.00
18747.84 18747.84
103 1 0.13 -0.13 -125.11 -281.19 -2.05
16269.07 16269.07 0.00 0.00 0.00
18747.84 18747.84
TOP : SMAX= -8338.78 SMIN= -18747.84 TMAX= 5204.53 ANGLE= -0.8
BOTT: SMAX= 18747.84 SMIN= 8338.78 TMAX= 5204.53 ANGLE= 89.2
104 1 0.42 -0.16 -116.93 -289.32 -6.05
16820.57 16820.57 0.00 0.00 0.00
19302.28 19302.28

----------------
VONT VONB SX SY SXY
TRESCAT TRESCAB
105 1 0.78 -0.21 -100.93 -305.20 -9.76
17989.87 17989.87 0.00 0.00 0.00
20377.92 20377.92
106 1 1.23 -0.23 -77.92 -328.01 -12.92
19844.14 19844.14 0.00 0.00 0.00
21911.49 21911.49
107 1 1.69 -0.20 -49.25 -356.37 -15.27
22367.84 22367.84 0.00 0.00 0.00
23808.31 23808.31
108 1 2.00 -0.08 -16.85 -388.37 -16.53
25419.74 25419.74 0.00 0.00 0.00
25939.96 25939.96
6 1 0.34 -4.36 -373.27 -32.17 -31.51
24160.11 24160.11 0.00 0.00 0.00
25076.87 25076.87
TOP : SMAX= -1951.93 SMIN= -25076.87 TMAX= 11562.47 ANGLE=-84.8
18 1 0.74 -2.75 -312.19 -93.95 -29.19
18798.88 18798.88 0.00 0.00 0.00
21068.45 21068.45
30 1 0.67 -1.03 -257.59 -148.94 -25.19
15213.03 15213.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
17542.96 17542.96
42 1 0.38 -0.06 -211.95 -194.66 -20.36
13792.44 13792.44 0.00 0.00 0.00
15028.62 15028.62
----------------
VONT VONB SX SY SXY
TRESCAT TRESCAB
54 1 0.12 0.39 -176.20 -230.35 -15.40
14020.85 14020.85 0.00 0.00 0.00
15628.28 15628.28
66 1 -0.02 0.49 -150.19 -256.25 -10.66
14918.57 14918.57 0.00 0.00 0.00
17154.23 17154.23
78 1 -0.09 0.36 -133.36 -273.00 -6.23
15779.24 15779.24 0.00 0.00 0.00
18218.24 18218.24
138 STAAD.Pro

90 1 -0.13 0.13 -125.11 -281.19 -2.05
16269.07 16269.07 0.00 0.00 0.00
18747.84 18747.84
102 1 -0.13 -0.13 -125.11 -281.19 2.05
16269.07 16269.07 0.00 0.00 0.00
18747.84 18747.84
114 1 -0.09 -0.36 -133.36 -273.00 6.23
15779.24 15779.24 0.00 0.00 0.00
18218.24 18218.24
126 1 -0.02 -0.49 -150.19 -256.25 10.66
14918.57 14918.57 0.00 0.00 0.00
17154.23 17154.23
138 1 0.12 -0.39 -176.20 -230.35 15.40
14020.85 14020.85 0.00 0.00 0.00
15628.28 15628.28
----------------
VONT VONB SX SY SXY
TRESCAT TRESCAB
150 1 0.38 0.06 -211.95 -194.66 20.36
13792.44 13792.44 0.00 0.00 0.00
15028.62 15028.62
162 1 0.67 1.03 -257.59 -148.94 25.19
15213.03 15213.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
17542.96 17542.96
174 1 0.74 2.75 -312.19 -93.95 29.19
18798.88 18798.88 0.00 0.00 0.00
21068.45 21068.45
BOTT: SMAX= 21068.45 SMIN= 6007.83 TMAX= 7530.31 ANGLE= -7.5
186 1 0.34 4.36 -373.27 -32.17 31.51
24160.11 24160.11 0.00 0.00 0.00
25076.87 25076.87
BOTT: SMAX= 25076.87 SMIN= 1951.93 TMAX= 11562.47 ANGLE= -5.2
**** MAXIMUM STRESSES AMONG SELECTED PLATES AND CASES ****
MAXIMUM MINIMUM MAXIMUM MAXIMUM MAXIMUM
PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL SHEAR VONMISES TRESCA
STRESS STRESS STRESS STRESS STRESS
2.593996E+04 -2.593996E+04 1.243272E+04 2.541974E+04 2.593996E+04
PLATE NO. 97 97 97 97 97
CASE NO. 1 1 1 1 1
********************END OF ELEMENT FORCES********************
27. FINI


**** DATE= MAR 9,2011 TIME= 11: 6: 7 ****
************************************************************
* *
* USA +1 (714) 974-2500 *
* UK +44 (0) 808 101 9246 *
* SINGAPORE +65 6225-6158 *
* FRANCE +33 (0) 1 55238400 *
* GERMANY +49 0931 40468 *
* INDIA +91 (033) 4006-2021 *
* CHINA +86 21 6288 4040 *
* *
* *
************************************************************
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
09/19/2003 0x2fc0 00081970 CMesh.dll
02/22/2011 0x12c0 00294912 EC3Annex.dll
02/22/2011 0x2900 00376832 EuroCode3.dll
01/24/2001 0x9b40 00073728 LoadGen.dll
09/25/2003 0x6340 00704512 MeshEngine.dll
140 STAAD.Pro

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

NOTES
142 STAAD.Pro
21 Deflection Calculation Through Pushover
Analysis
Purpose
Reference
Hand calculation.
Problem
Figure 21-1: Cantilever member model
A transverse load P is applied to a cantilever member and increased until the member fails.
Geometry & Loading

Member length = 24 inch
Member Properties
Section = Wide flange W16X77
Material = Steel
Expected yield strength = 36 ksi

21 Deflection Calculation Through Pushover Analysis
Figure 21-2: Plastic Rotation (in radians) vs. Moment (in in-kips) plot for moment hinge
Comparison
Results from STAAD.Pro
The analysis results are saved at an interval of 0.1 inch deflection of the cantilever tip.
Figure 21-3: Capacity curve (Displacement at Control Joint, inches vs. Base Shear, kips) as calculated by
STAAD.Pro
144 STAAD.Pro
Table 21-1: Tabular form of the different points in Capacity

curve as reported by STAAD.Pro
Load Step Displacement in Base Shear kip
1 0 0.153
2 0.001 1.153
3 0.078 57.837
4 0.136 61.953
5 0.237 63.859
6 0.338 65.765
7 0.439 67.671
8 0.54 69.578
9 0.641 71.484
10 0.742 73.39
11 0.843 75.296
12 0.945 77.202
13 1.045 79.096
14 1.057 79.32
15 1.057 21.462
Results from hand calculation

At Load Step 3
Equation of elastic deflection at cantilever tip
= PL3/3EI +PL/GAv
z
P = 57.837 kip, l = 24 in, E = 29000 ksi, I = 138.0 in4, G = 11154 ksi, Av = 10.4323 in2
Thus elastic deformation
= [57.837 x 243 / (3 x 29000 x 138)] + [57.837 x 24 / (11154 x 10.4323)] = 0.066 +

z elastic
0.012 = 0.078 inch
At Load Step 14
Equation of elastic deflection at cantilever tip
= PL3/3EI +PL/GAv
z
P = 79.32 kip, l = 24 inch, E = 29000 ksi, I = 138.0 inP4, G = 11154 ksi, Av = 10.4323 in2

Thus elastic deformation at cantilever tip
= [79.32 x 243 / (3 x 29000 x 138)] + [79.32 x 24 / (11154 x 10.4323)] = 0.091 +

z elastic
0.016 = 0.107 inch
Plastic rotation = 0.04 radian.

Since STAAD.Pro assumes small displacements (sin = ), plastic deformation at cantilever tip
= l x = 24 x 0.04 = 0.96 inch

z plastic
Total deflection = + = 0.107 + 0.96 = 1.067 inch
z elastic z plastic
Comparison
Table 21-2: Comparison of results for verification problem no. 21
Deflection (free end) in
Load Force P (free Percent
Step end)kips STAAD.Pro Hand Difference
Advanced Solver Calculation
3 57.837 0.078 0.078 0%
14 79.32 1.057 1.067 0.94%
Note: The deflection results from STAAD shown in the above table were obtained in the post-
processing mode Pushover-Node Results page.
Pushover analysis can be done through the Advanced Analysis Engine only.
Input File
STAAD SPACE
START JOB INFORMATION
ENGINEER DATE 20-JUL-07
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT INCHES KIP
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0; 2 0 24 0;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2;
DEFINE MATERIAL START
ISOTROPIC STEEL
E 29000
POISSON 0.3
146 STAAD.Pro
DENSITY 0.000283
ALPHA 6.5E-006
DAMP 0.03
END DEFINE MATERIAL
MEMBER PROPERTY AMERICAN
1 TABLE ST W16X77
CONSTANTS
MATERIAL STEEL ALL
SUPPORTS
1 FIXED
DEFINE PUSHOVER DATA
FRAME 2
FYE 36.000000 ALL
HINGE PROPERTY MOMENT
TYPE 1
A 0 0 B 1 1 C 11.0 1.30 D 11.0 0.32 E 15.0 0.32 YM 1480 YR 0.004
IO 2.0 LS 7.0 CP 10.5
HINGE TYPE 1 MEMBER 1
GNONL 1
DISP Z 2.0 JOINT 2
LOADING PATTERN 1
LDSTEP 1
SPECTRUM PARAMETERS
DAMPING 2.0000
SC 4
SS 1.1
S1 1.6
SAVE LOADSTEP RESULT DISP 0.1
END PUSHOVER DATA
LOAD 1 LOADTYPE GRAVITY
SELFWEIGHT Z 1
LOAD 2 LOADTYPE PUSH
JOINT LOAD
2 FZ 1
PERFORM PUSHOVER ANALYSIS

FINISH
STAAD Output
148 STAAD.Pro
****************************************************
* *
* Version 20.07.07.32 *
* Date= MAR 9, 2011 *
* Time= 10:21:38 *
* *
****************************************************
1. STAAD SPACE
2. START JOB INFORMATION
3. ENGINEER DATE 20-JUL-07
4. END JOB INFORMATION
5. INPUT WIDTH 79
6. UNIT INCHES KIP
8. 1 0 0 0; 2 0 24 0
9. MEMBER INCIDENCES
10. 1 1 2
11. DEFINE MATERIAL START
12. ISOTROPIC STEEL
13. E 29000
14. POISSON 0.3
15. DENSITY 0.000283
16. ALPHA 6.5E-006
17. DAMP 0.03
18. END DEFINE MATERIAL
19. MEMBER PROPERTY AMERICAN
20. 1 TABLE ST W16X77
21. CONSTANTS
22. MATERIAL STEEL ALL
23. SUPPORTS
24. 1 FIXED
25. DEFINE PUSHOVER DATA
26. FRAME 2
27. FYE 36.000000 ALL
28. HINGE PROPERTY MOMENT
29. TYPE 1
30. A 0 0 B 1 1 C 11.0 1.30 D 11.0 0.32 E 15.0 0.32 YM 1480 YR 0.004
31. IO 2.0 LS 7.0 CP 10.5
32. HINGE TYPE 1 MEMBER 1
33. GNONL 1
34. DISP Z 2.0 JOINT 2
35. LOADING PATTERN 1
36. LDSTEP 1
37. SPECTRUM PARAMETERS
38. DAMPING 2.0000
39. SC 4
40. SS 1.1
STAAD SPACE -- PAGE NO. 2
41. S1 1.6
42. SAVE LOADSTEP RESULT DISP 0.1
43. END PUSHOVER DATA
44. LOAD 1 LOADTYPE GRAVITY
45. SELFWEIGHT Z 1
46. LOAD 2 LOADTYPE PUSH
47. JOINT LOAD
48. 2 FZ 1
49. PERFORM PUSHOVER ANALYSIS
-----------------------------------
SOLVER USED IS THE IN-CORE ADVANCED SOLVER


MODE FREQUENCY(CYCLES/SEC) PERIOD(SEC)
1 306.356 0.00326
MODAL WEIGHT (MODAL MASS TIMES g) IN KIP GENERALIZED
MODE X Y Z WEIGHT
1 4.391674E-64 2.349593E-61 7.674960E-02 7.674960E-02
--------------------------------------
1 0.00 0.00100.00 0.000 0.000 100.000
***WARNING : COLUMN NO. 1 HAS FAILED IN DEFORMATION-CONTROLLED ACTION.
*** WARNING : STRUCTURE HAS REACHED AN UNSTABLE STATE WHERE
A VERY SMALL INCREASE IN PUSH LOAD IS CAUSING LARGE DISPLACEMENT.
50. FINISH
**** DATE= MAR 9,2011 TIME= 10:21:44 ****
************************************************************
* *
* USA +1 (714) 974-2500 *
* UK +44 (0) 808 101 9246 *
* SINGAPORE +65 6225-6158 *
* FRANCE +33 (0) 1 55238400 *
* GERMANY +49 0931 40468 *
* INDIA +91 (033) 4006-2021 *
* CHINA +86 21 6288 4040 *
* *
* *
************************************************************
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
09/19/2003 0x2fc0 00081970 CMesh.dll
02/22/2011 0x12c0 00294912 EC3Annex.dll
02/22/2011 0x2900 00376832 EuroCode3.dll
01/24/2001 0x9b40 00073728 LoadGen.dll
09/25/2003 0x6340 00704512 MeshEngine.dll
150 STAAD.Pro

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

NOTES
152 STAAD.Pro
22 Fixed Fixed Beam Excited by Harmonic
Distributed Load
Objective
To calculate the deflections at two points along the beam at steady-state condition.
Reference
1. Blevins, R. D., Formulas for natural Frequency and Mode Shape, Van Nostrand Reinhold,
1979, pp 108, 455-486.
2. Warburton, G. B., The Dynamical Behavior of Structures, Pergamon Press, 1964, pp. 10-15,
85, 86.
Problem
Determine the steady-state displacements of the quarter and mid-span points of a fixed-fixed beam
subjected to a parabolically varying distributed load operating at a 7.5 Hz frequency.
Figure 22-1: Beam with harmonic distributed load

22 Fixed Fixed Beam Excited by Harmonic Distributed Load
Figure 22-2: Model: divide span 20@10.0
Given
E = 10.0x106 psi
L = 200 inches
I = 2/3 in4
A = 2 in2
P = 0.1 lbf/in3
o
g = 386.4 in/sec2
The DYNRE2 run utilizes all 19 modes calculated by STAAD (Steady State analysis) for which a
value of 1.0(10)-10 times critical damping is assigned. A single forcing frequency equal to 7.5 Hz is
specified for the distributed load. This load is distributed to the nodes by calculating the total
integrated load for each beam and lumping one-half of this force to the respective i and j nodes.
x P(x ) 1 x 4
Fi = F j = x j
i 2
dx =
2 i
( )
x j l 2 xl x 2 d x
x P(x ) 1 x 4
Fi = F j = x j
i 2
dx =
2 i
( )
x j l 2 xl x 2 d x
The theoretical solution for this example is taken from:
1. Blevins, R. D., Formulas for natural Frequency and Mode Shape, Van Nostrand Reinhold,
1979, pp 108, 455-486.
2. Warburton, G. B., The Dynamical Behavior of Structures, Pergamon Press, 1964, pp. 10-15,
85, 86.
The natural frequencies of the system are calculated using the equations from reference 1 page 108
and reference 2 page 85.
12 EI
fi = 2
2 m
154 STAAD.Pro
Where:
m = A/g
fi =
i2
6
1.0(10) 2 / 3 ( )
2
2 (200) 0.10(2.0 / 386.4)
f = 4.5156271*10-1 2
i i
satisfies the characteristic equation:
i
cos cosh - 1 = 0
Table 22-1: Calculated natural frequency for each mode
i f
i i i
1 4.730041 63.47865 10.10294
2 7.853205 174.9814 27.84915
3 10.99561 343.0334 54.59546
4 14.13717 567.0517 90.24907
5 17.27876 847.0773 134.8165
6 20.42035 1183.108 188.2975
7 23.56194 1575.144 250.6919
8 26.70354 2023.185 321.9998
The mode shapes are:
i = cosh
ix
cos
ix
(
i sinh
ix
sin
ix
)
Where:
cosh i cos i
i =
sinh i sin i
The response of mode i to a harmonic force:
i =
l i(x )P(x ) d x

(
sin t )
i
2
i2 { i(x )} m d x
2

2 2
1 2 +

i
c
k ( )
Where is the response phase lag relative to the applied force and c is the damping.
i
Since c = 0.0, = 0.0
i
Upon substitution and rearranging terms:
4P o 2
l 2 xl x ix d x
l
i = A 2
sin t
2 2
i l{ i(x )} d x
g

From reference 1, page 466, case c and page 467, case 29:
8P0 8( l ) P0
i
4Po 4Po
x i
l2 l (x) d x x 2i
l2 l (x) d x = 2 1 + ( i )
i
( i )i i il
2l
2 i i l
l
i i
Since the load is symmetric, this expression is zero for I = 2, 4, 6 ;

Therefore, i = 1,3,5, and: (-1)i = -1
And from the reference, = /l
i i
So:
16Pol
l i(x)P (x) d x = 2
i
From Reference 1, page 457 case 5:

2
l{ i(x)} d x = 1
Therefore:
= 7.5(2) = 47.1239 radians/sec

16Po 16( 1.0)sin t 30, 912 sin t
i = 2 2 2 sin t = 0.10(2) 2 2
= 2 2
(
m i i ) (
i i 2, 220.661 )
386.4 i i
2, 220.661

Table 22-2: Mode shapes

i (t) (1/4) (1/2)
i i i i
1 4.730041 63.47865 7.63815(10) 1sin t 0.9825022 0.8631319 1.5881463
3 10.99561 343.0334 2.21457(10) 3sin t 0.9999664 1.3708047 -

1.4059984
5 17.27876 847.0773 1.44744(10) 4sin t 0.9999999 - 1.4145675

0.5278897
7 23.56194 1575.144 2.24623(10) 5sin t 1.0000000 - -1.4141982

1.3037973
( )
y x, t = i = 1, 3, 5, 7 i(t )i(x)
Table 22-3: Steady state displacements for 1/4 and 1/2 points (nodes 6 and 11,
respectively)
i () (t) (1/2) (t)
i i
1 -0.6592727 -1.2130493
3 -0.0030357 0.0031137
156 STAAD.Pro
i () (t) (1/2) (t)

i i
5 0.0000764 -0.0002048
7 0.0000293 -0.0000318
Summation -0.6622028 -1.2101086
Comparison
Table 22-4: Comparison of steady-state displacements of the quarter (Node 6)
and mid-span points (Node 11) for verification problem no. 22
STAAD
Location Theory
Advanced Solver
Node 6 (X = 50 inches) 0.66220 0.65964
Node 11 (X = 100 inches) 1.21011 1.20545
Input File
STAAD SPACE
START JOB INFORMATION
ENGINEER DATE 29-MAR-06
END JOB INFORMATION
* FIXED BEAM SUBJECTED TO A HARMONIC LOAD WITH A PARABOLIC DISTRIBUTION X
* NUMBER OF NODES 21
X
* HIGH NODE NUMBER 21
X
* NODES FULLY RESTRAINED 2 X
* NUMBER OF BEAM ELEMENTS 20 X
* NUMBER OF EIGENVECTORS 19
SET SHEAR
UNIT INCHES POUND
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0; 2 10 0 0; 3 20 0 0; 4 30 0 0; 5 40 0 0; 6 50 0 0; 7 60 0 0;
8 70 0 0; 9 80 0 0; 10 90 0 0; 11 100 0 0; 12 110 0 0; 13 120 0 0;
14 130 0 0; 15 140 0 0; 16 150 0 0; 17 160 0 0; 18 170 0 0; 19 180 0 0;
20 190 0 0; 21 200 0 0;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2; 2 2 3; 3 3 4; 4 4 5; 5 5 6; 6 6 7; 7 7 8; 8 8 9; 9 9 10;

10 10 11; 11 11 12; 12 12 13; 13 13 14; 14 14 15; 15 15 16; 16 16 17;

17 17 18; 18 18 19; 19 19 20; 20 20 21;
MEMBER PROPERTY AMERICAN
1 TO 20 PRIS AX 2 AY 0 AZ 0 IX 0.001 IY 0.666667 IZ 0.166667
SUPPORTS
2 TO 20 FIXED BUT FY MZ
1 21 FIXED
DEFINE MATERIAL START
ISOTROPIC MATERIAL1
E 1E+007
POISSON 0.3
DENSITY 0.0999194
END DEFINE MATERIAL
CONSTANTS
BETA 90 ALL
MATERIAL MATERIAL1 MEMB 1 TO 20
CUT OFF FREQUENCY 500
LOAD 1
SELFWEIGHT X 1
SELFWEIGHT Y 1
SELFWEIGHT Z 1
MODAL CALCULATION REQUESTED
PERFORM STEADY STATE ANALYSIS
BEGIN STEADY FORCE
STEADY FORCE FREQ 7.5 DAMP 1E-010
JOINT LOAD
2 FY 1.8666
3 FY 3.5666
4 FY 5.0666
5 FY 6.3666
6 FY 7.4666
7 FY 8.3666
8 FY 9.0666
9 FY 9.5666
158 STAAD.Pro
10 FY 9.8666
11 FY 9.9666
12 FY 9.8666
13 FY 9.5666
14 FY 9.0666
15 FY 8.3666
16 FY 7.4666
17 FY 6.3666
18 FY 5.0666
19 FY 3.5666
20 FY 1.8666
END
PRINT JOINT DISPLACEMENTS LIST 6 11
FINISH
STAAD Output

****************************************************
* *
* Version 20.07.07.32 *
* Date= MAR 9, 2011 *
* Time= 10:21:53 *
* *
****************************************************
1. STAAD SPACE
2. START JOB INFORMATION
3. ENGINEER DATE 29-MAR-06
4. END JOB INFORMATION
5. * FIXED BEAM SUBJECTED TO A HARMONIC LOAD WITH A PARABOLIC DISTRIBUTION X
6. * NUMBER OF NODES 21 X
7. * HIGH NODE NUMBER 21 X
8. * NODES FULLY RESTRAINED 2 X
9. * NUMBER OF BEAM ELEMENTS 20 X
10. * NUMBER OF EIGENVECTORS 19
11. SET SHEAR
12. UNIT INCHES POUND
14. 1 0 0 0; 2 10 0 0; 3 20 0 0; 4 30 0 0; 5 40 0 0; 6 50 0 0; 7 60 0 0
15. 8 70 0 0; 9 80 0 0; 10 90 0 0; 11 100 0 0; 12 110 0 0; 13 120 0 0
16. 14 130 0 0; 15 140 0 0; 16 150 0 0; 17 160 0 0; 18 170 0 0; 19 180 0 0
17. 20 190 0 0; 21 200 0 0
18. MEMBER INCIDENCES
19. 1 1 2; 2 2 3; 3 3 4; 4 4 5; 5 5 6; 6 6 7; 7 7 8; 8 8 9; 9 9 10
20. 10 10 11; 11 11 12; 12 12 13; 13 13 14; 14 14 15; 15 15 16; 16 16 17
21. 17 17 18; 18 18 19; 19 19 20; 20 20 21
22. MEMBER PROPERTY AMERICAN
23. 1 TO 20 PRIS AX 2 AY 0 AZ 0 IX 0.001 IY 0.666667 IZ 0.166667
24. SUPPORTS
25. 2 TO 20 FIXED BUT FY MZ
26. 1 21 FIXED
27. DEFINE MATERIAL START
28. ISOTROPIC MATERIAL1
29. E 1E+007
30. POISSON 0.3
31. DENSITY 0.0999194
32. END DEFINE MATERIAL
33. CONSTANTS
34. BETA 90 ALL
35. MATERIAL MATERIAL1 MEMB 1 TO 20
37. CUT OFF FREQUENCY 500
38. LOAD 1
39. SELFWEIGHT X 1
40. SELFWEIGHT Y 1
41. SELFWEIGHT Z 1
42. MODAL CALCULATION REQUESTED
43. PERFORM STEADY STATE ANALYSIS
-----------------------------------
SOLVER USED IS THE IN-CORE ADVANCED SOLVER
160 STAAD.Pro
MODE FREQUENCY(CYCLES/SEC) PERIOD(SEC)

1 10.103 0.09898
2 27.849 0.03591
3 54.591 0.01832
4 90.230 0.01108
5 134.747 0.00742
6 188.093 0.00532
7 250.166 0.00400
MODE X Y Z WEIGHT
1 0.000000E+00 2.759074E+01 0.000000E+00 1.584634E+01
2 0.000000E+00 1.177398E-26 0.000000E+00 1.763389E+01
3 0.000000E+00 5.287477E+00 0.000000E+00 1.757978E+01
4 0.000000E+00 2.921260E-28 0.000000E+00 1.788088E+01
5 0.000000E+00 2.138447E+00 0.000000E+00 1.901368E+01
6 0.000000E+00 5.413313E-30 0.000000E+00 1.837854E+01
7 0.000000E+00 1.145139E+00 0.000000E+00 1.756698E+01
--------------------------------------
1 0.00 72.67 0.00 0.000 72.666 0.000
2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 72.666 0.000
3 0.00 13.93 0.00 0.000 86.591 0.000
4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 86.591 0.000
5 0.00 5.63 0.00 0.000 92.223 0.000
6 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 92.223 0.000
7 0.00 3.02 0.00 0.000 95.239 0.000
44. BEGIN STEADY FORCE
45. STEADY FORCE FREQ 7.5 DAMP 1E-010
46. JOINT LOAD
47. 2 FY 1.8666
48. 3 FY 3.5666
49. 4 FY 5.0666
50. 5 FY 6.3666
51. 6 FY 7.4666
52. 7 FY 8.3666
53. 8 FY 9.0666
54. 9 FY 9.5666
55. 10 FY 9.8666
56. 11 FY 9.9666
57. 12 FY 9.8666
58. 13 FY 9.5666
59. 14 FY 9.0666
60. 15 FY 8.3666
61. 16 FY 7.4666
62. 17 FY 6.3666
63. 18 FY 5.0666
64. 19 FY 3.5666
65. 20 FY 1.8666
66. END
7 MODES (EIGENVECTORS) HAVE BEEN SELECTED.
MODE NATURAL FREQUENCY GENERALIZED WEIGHT DAMPING DAMPED FREQUENCY
NO. (HZ) (RAD/SEC) (WEIGHT) (MASS) COEFFICIENT (HZ)
1 1.010292E+01 6.347852E+01 1.584634E+01 4.104327E-02 1.000000E-10 1.010292E+01
2 2.784865E+01 1.749782E+02 1.763389E+01 4.567317E-02 1.000000E-10 2.784865E+01
3 5.459144E+01 3.430081E+02 1.757978E+01 4.553302E-02 1.000000E-10 5.459144E+01
4 9.022966E+01 5.669297E+02 1.788088E+01 4.631289E-02 1.000000E-10 9.022966E+01
5 1.347470E+02 8.466406E+02 1.901368E+01 4.924693E-02 1.000000E-10 1.347470E+02
6 1.880927E+02 1.181821E+03 1.837854E+01 4.760188E-02 1.000000E-10 1.880927E+02
7 2.501660E+02 1.571840E+03 1.756698E+01 4.549988E-02 1.000000E-10 2.501660E+02
PARTICIPATION FACTORS FOR EACH MODE
MODE NO. X Y Z MX MY MZ
1 0.000000E+00 0.218577E+04 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00
2 0.000000E+00 0.427319E-10 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00

3 0.000000E+00 0.382113E+03 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00

4 0.000000E+00 0.414481E-11 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00
5 0.000000E+00 0.148269E+03 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00
6 0.000000E+00 0.626353E-12 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00
7 0.000000E+00 0.829074E+02 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00
67. PRINT JOINT DISPLACEMENTS LIST 6 11
------------------
6 1 0.00000 0.65963 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.01831
11 1 0.00000 1.20545 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
68. FINISH
**** DATE= MAR 9,2011 TIME= 10:21:54 ****
************************************************************
* *
* USA +1 (714) 974-2500 *
* UK +44 (0) 808 101 9246 *
* SINGAPORE +65 6225-6158 *
* FRANCE +33 (0) 1 55238400 *
* GERMANY +49 0931 40468 *
* INDIA +91 (033) 4006-2021 *
* CHINA +86 21 6288 4040 *
* *
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************************************************************
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
09/19/2003 0x2fc0 00081970 CMesh.dll
02/22/2011 0x12c0 00294912 EC3Annex.dll
02/22/2011 0x2900 00376832 EuroCode3.dll
01/24/2001 0x9b40 00073728 LoadGen.dll
09/25/2003 0x6340 00704512 MeshEngine.dll
162 STAAD.Pro

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

NOTES
164 STAAD.Pro
List of Tables and Figures
Tables
Table 1-1: Comparison of Support Reaction, in kips, for verification problem no. 1 1
Table 2-1: Comparison of period, in sec., for verification problem no. 2 5
Table 3-1: Comparison of max. defl. and max. moment for verification problem no. 3 10
Table 4-1: Comparison of reaction, in kips, for verification problem no. 4 16
Table 5-1: Comparison of stress (), psi, and Deflection (), in. for verification model no. 5 22
Table 6-1: Comparison of moment, in kip-ft, for verification problem no. 6 28
Table 7-1: Comparison of deflection () for verification problem no. 7 34
Table 8-1: Comparison of max. moment, in kip-ft, for verification model no. 8 40
Table 9-1: Comparison of max. moment, in kip-ft, for verification problem no. 9 46
Table 10-1: Comparison of max. Force, F, and max. Moments,M, for verification problem 52
no. 10
Table 11-1: Comparison of stress () for verification model #11 58
Table 12-1: Comparison of stress () and Deflection () for verification problem 12 64
Table 13-1: Comparison of governing ratios for the member checks in verification problem 70
no. 13
Table 14-1: Comparison of concrete designs for verifcation problem no. 14 82
Table 15-1: Comparison of frequency values for verification problem no. 15 89
Table 16-1: Values of 2ij 97
Table 16-2: Comparison of frequency values, Hz, for verification problem no. 16 97
Table 17-1: Values of 2ij 105
Table 17-2: Comparison of frequency values, Hz, for verificatoin problem no. 17 105
Table 18-1: Comparison of natural frequency values (cycles per second) for verification 112
problem no. 18
Table 19-1: Comparison of max. moment in beam 5 for verification problem no. 19 123
Table 20-1: Comparison of deflections along X = 6, in inches, for verification problem no. 131
20
Table 20-2: Comparison of deflections along Y = 1, in inches, for verification problem no. 132
20
Table 20-3: Comparison of bending moments along Y = 0.5, in in-lbs/in, for verification 133
problem no. 20
Table 20-4: Comparison of bending moments along X = 5.5, in in-lbs/in, for verification 134
problem no. 20

Table 21-1: Tabular form of the different points in Capacity curve as reported by 145
STAAD.Pro
Table 21-2: Comparison of results for verification problem no. 21 146
Table 22-1: Calculated natural frequency for each mode 155
Table 22-2: Mode shapes 156
Table 22-3: Steady state displacements for 1/4 and 1/2 points (nodes 6 and 11, respectively)156
Table 22-4: Comparison of steady-state displacements of the quarter (Node 6) and mid- 157
span points (Node 11) for verification problem no. 22
Figures
Figure 1-1: Plane truss 1
Figure 2-1: Beam supported on springs 5
Figure 3-1: Finite element mesh of cantilevered plate. 9
Figure 4-1: Cantilever model 15
Figure 5-1: Locomotive axle model 21
Figure 6-1: 1x1 bay plane frame 27
Figure 7-1: Plane truss model 33
Figure 8-1: Unequal leg bay model 39
Figure 9-1: Two story frame model 45
Figure 10-1: Space frame model 51
Figure 11-1: Model of a rigid wire suspended by wires 57
Figure 12-1: Model of two member truss 63
Figure 13-1: Steel braced frame frame 69
Figure 14-1: Concrete moment frame 81
Figure 15-1: Simple beam diagram 87
Figure 15-2: Finite element model 87
Figure 16-1: Diagram of circular plate 95
Figure 16-2: Finite model for half circular plate 96
Figure 17-1: Simply supported, rectangular plate 103
Figure 17-2: Model: finite element meshed 104
Figure 18-1: Frame model 111
Figure 19-1: Simple span beam 121
Figure 19-2: Finite element model 122
Figure 20-1: Rectangular plate model 129
Figure 21-1: Cantilever member model 143
166 STAAD.Pro
Figure 21-2: Plastic Rotation (in radians) vs. Moment (in in-kips) plot for moment hinge 144
Figure 21-3: Capacity curve (Displacement at Control Joint, inches vs. Base Shear, kips) as 144
calculated by STAAD.Pro
Figure 22-1: Beam with harmonic distributed load 153
Figure 22-2: Model: divide span 20@10.0 154

NOTES
168 STAAD.Pro
Bentley Systems, Incorporated
685 Stockton Drive, Exton, PA 19341 USA
+1 (800) 236-8539
www.bentley.com

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R 8.77 8.77 8.77

* GERMANY +49 0931 40468 *

11/20/2009 0x5100 00368640 STO_ASChMSections.mdb

Period, sec 0.533 0.533 0.533

* For questions on STAAD.Pro, please contact *

11/09/2005 0x9081 00376832 Kingspancoldformedsections.mdb

(mm) 18.51 18.20 18.20

M (KNm) 22.50 22.50 22.50

FINITE ELEMENT VERIFICATION -- PAGE NO. 4

09/26/2006 0x5ec1 00280576 CanadianSections_old.mdb

R 1.5 1.5 1.5

* GERMANY +49 0931 40468 *

11/20/2009 0x5100 00368640 STO_ASChMSections.mdb

3575.* 3575. 3575.

0.01040 0.01037 0.01037

* The value is recalculated.

4 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 -0.00070

01/05/2005 0xd301 00202752 frenchsections.mdb

M 44.40 44.44 44.44

* GERMANY +49 0931 40468 *

11/20/2009 0x5100 00368640 STO_ASChMSections.mdb

Truss width = 4 spaces at 15 ft = 60 ft

A = 1 in2, A = 2 in2, A =1.5 in2,

(in.) 2.63 2.63 2.63

* For questions on STAAD.Pro, please contact *

11/09/2005 0x9081 00376832 Kingspancoldformedsections.mdb

E and I same for all members

M 69.40 69.44 69.44

* Telephone Web / Email *

02/07/2005 0x9a00 00243712 mexicansteeltables.mdb

E and I same for all members.

M 176.40 178.01 178.01

**** DATE= MAR 9,2011 TIME= 11: 5: 6 ****

01/05/2005 0xd540 00180224 iscoldformedsections.mdb

F (kips) 1.47 1.47 1.47

M (inkip) 84.04 84.04 84.04

M (inkip) 95.319 96.120 96.120

09/12/2006 0xf4c0 00466944 bscoldformedsections.mdb

(psi) 19,695 19,698 19,698

(psi) 10,152 10,151 10,151

06/11/2010 0xa101 00585728 BritishSections.mdb

(psi) 10,000. 10,000. 10,000.

(in) 0.12 0.12 0.12

**** DATE= MAR 9,2011 TIME= 11: 5:23 ****

01/05/2005 0xd540 00180224 iscoldformedsections.mdb

Members 1, 2 = W12X26, Members 3, 4 = W14X43

F = 14.02 kip (compression), M =57.04 ftkip

Choosing the larger of above 2 values, f = 23.76 Ksi

3 2 25.50 10.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

PASS AISC- H2-1 0.936 3

* FRANCE +33 (0) 1 55238400 *

01/06/2005 0x9341 00194560 spanishsections.mdb

Area of Steel in 2.78 in2 X 2.792 in2 2.792 in2

Area of Steel in X 4.01% 4.09% 4.09%

BEAM NO. 2 DESIGN RESULTS - FLEXURE PER CODE ACI 318-99

* JAPAN +81 (03)5952-6500 http://www.ctc-g.co.jp *

f = natural frequency for mode n, in cycles per second

The parameters used in the frequency equation are:

1 445.686 445.506 445.506

DATE= MAR 9,2011 TIME= 11: 5: 6

DATE= MAR 9,2011 TIME= 11: 5:23