Distributed System

Submitted by:

Jenree Robert S. Pangan

III-BCSAD

Submitted to:

Prof. Rex Jason Cortez

Distributed System

- It is a piece of software that ensures that: a collection of independent computers

appears to its users as a single coherent system.

- Alternatively called Distributed Computing.

- A network of autonomous computers that are linked together to form one large

system.

- World Wide Web (WWW) is the largest example of a Distributed System

Features of a Distributed System

- Components in the system are concurrent. A distributed system allows resource

sharing, including software by systems connected to the network at the same

time.

- The components could be multiple but will generally be autonomous in nature.

- A global clock is not required in a distributed system. The systems can be spread

across different geographies.

- Compared to other network models, there is greater fault tolerance in a

distributed model.

- Price/performance ratio is much better.

Goals of a Distributed System

Resource Sharing

- With Distrubuted Systems, it is easier for users to access remote

resources and to share resources with other users.

- It also makes information dissemination easier.

Transparency

- Achieving the image of a single system image without concealing the

details of the location, access, migration, concurrency, failure, relocation,

persistence and resources to the users.

Openness

- Making the network easier to configure and modify.

Reliability

- Compared to a single system, a distributed system should be highly

capable of being secure, consistent and have a high capability of masking

errors.

Performance

- Compared to other models, distributed models are expected to give a

much-wanted boost to performance.

Scalability

- Distributed systems should be scalable with respect to geography,

administration or size.

Concurrency

- There is a possibility that several clients will attempt to access a shared

resource at the same time.

 - Any object that represents a shared resource in a distributed system must

be responsible for ensuring that operates correctly in a concurrent

environment.

Challenges for Distributed Systems

- Security is a big challenge in a distributed environment, especially when using

public networks.

- Fault tolerance could be tough when the distributed model is built based on

unreliable components.

- Coordination and resource sharing can be difficult if proper protocols or policies

are not in place.

- Process knowledge should be put in place for the administrators and users of the

distributed model.

Types of Distributed System

Distributed Computing System

- A type of Distributed System which aims to manage high performance

computing tasks.

Distributed Information System

- A type of Distributed System which aims to disseminate information

across several servers.

- Here, remote processes called clients access the server to manipulate

information.
 - Often associated with transaction systems like banks, travel agencies,

Rent-a-Car, etc.

Distributed Pervasive System

- These are the distributed systems involving mobile and embedded

computer devices like Small, wireless, battery-powered devices (PDAs,

smart phones, sensors, wireless surveillance cams, portable ECG

monitors, etc.) These systems characterized by their instability when

compared to more traditional distributed systems