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International Journal of IT, Engineering and Applied Sciences Research (IJIEASR) ISSN: 2319-4413 22

Volume 4, No. 3, March 2015

Land Use and Traffic Pattern in Suburban Area: An Urban


Design Study in Mysore
Setareh Oruji, PhD student in development study, Institute of Development Studies, University of Mysore, Mysore
Dr. T. M. Mahesh, Professor of Urban and Regional Planning, Institute of Development Studies, University of Mysore,
Mysore,
Ehsan Amini, PhD student in Urban and Regional Planning, Institute of Development Studies, University of Mysore,
Mysore

ABSTRACT technology activities which has effective role in increasing


traffic volume. With respect to the number of population
By considering the rapid growth of population and which is 8.87 lakh and 438003 vehicles in 2011 in Mysore
vehicles in cities it is evident the high increase of vehicles city. It is expected number of population will reach to 13
and pedestrian traffic, air and noise pollutions especially lakh in 2018 and 18.4 lakh by 2028 AD and number of
in core centres of historical cities. Mysore city is a palace vehicles will reach to 523352 in 2015 and 626734 in
city in India that include most attractive visit places which 2020.According to the information has described above, it
placed in core centres carries heavy traffic volume feels there is an essential need to verification and analyse
especially in peak hours.Suburban bus station as an of existing situation of transport infrastructure in Mysore
attractive part which invites many people is an effective city. Transport system can be regarded as sustainable only
item in increasing traffic volume. The need to meet if it is possible to imagine it being continued unchanged
mobility, sustainable transport system depends on public for several hundred years because it is not damaging
transport system infrastructure. In some cases we could society or the environment and is not dependent on a non-
observe current system are old and need to upgrading or renewable, depleting resource to run. Efficient and
shifting the location because of changing in land uses, sustainable urban transportation-infrastructure over an
increasing traffic of people or vehicle according to some extended period of time is integrally connected to a
purpose in that area.In this paper it analyse the current sustainable transportation infrastructure - if the
location of suburban bus station and identify the existing infrastructure is not sustainable then in the long run it is
problems, and then it tried to propose other places for inevitably inefficient transport system. In this paper, tried
shifting the places of bus stations which will help to to concentrate more on present situation of suburban bus
decrease the current traffic volume. station as an effective urban factors on increasing traffic
volume.
Keywords
Transportation infrastructure, Sustainable development, 2. THE STUDY AREA
Traffic congestion, Public transportation
Mysore, a majestic and mysterious city is cultural capital
and second most important city of Karnataka which lies
1. INTRODUCTION 135 Kms from the State Headquarters, Bangalore. Mysore
city is geographically located at 770 m above sea level
Transport infrastructure is a key element for the economic between 12 18' 26" North Latitude and 76 38' 59'' East
growth and development and it plays a fundamental role to Longitude. It is an Indian city of palaces and gardens and
achieve the city objectives to increase growth and jobs. one of the finest in the country. Suburban bus stand has
Transport infrastructure influences both the economic located in Nilgiri-Bangalore Road. Which cause to create
growth and the social cohesion. Sustainable development heavy traffic in heritage zone in Mysore city.
is meets the needs of the present without compromising
the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. 2.1. Location of Study Area
Sustainable development is the achievement of continued Mysore city is situated in Mysore taluk which is in Mysore
economic development without detriment to the district. It is situated in the southern region of the state of
environmental and natural resources. The Mysore is Karnataka in India country. Suburban bus stand is located in
second largest city in Karnataka state. It is described as a Bangalore-Nilgiri Road, LaskerMohalla, MandiMohallain
palace and garden city Numbers of automobiles and Mysore city.
population have been on the rise in Mysore urban area due
to it is known for tourism, education; medical facilities
and existing industries such as software, information

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International Journal of IT, Engineering and Applied Sciences Research (IJIEASR) ISSN: 2319-4413 23
Volume 4, No. 3, March 2015

5. GROWTH OF POPULATION AND


VEHICLES IN MYSORE CITY
The current population is estimated to be around 887,446.
The city of Mysore is growing predominantly as shown in
table below. The population as shown has grown to 33%
annual decadal growth during 1971-1981 followed by a
grew over 36% in the decade of 1981-1991. There has
been a decline of 22% growth rate in 1991-2001.
Currently, the growth rate is declining with 11% for 2001-
2011.It is observed that during 2 decades number of
different types of vehicles has increased gradually from
1991-2001 and sharply from 2001-2011. Number of
vehicles has increased by 8 percent growth rate from
1991-2001 and from 2001-2011 increased by 43percent
decadal growth rate. 3 wheelers have increased by 7
percent decadal growth rate from 1991-2001 and by 31
percent decadal growth rate. LMV increased by 38 percent
decadal growth rate and 17 percent from 1991-2001 and
2001-2011 respectfully. HMV has increased by 6 percent
Figure1: Location of study area and 39 percent decadal growth rate from 1991-2001 and
2001-2011 respectfully. Other types of vehicles increased
3. OBJECTIVES gradually during these two decades. It is inferred that
highest number of vehicles belonging to 2 wheelers. The
To assess current situation of Mysore city land use, second highest number of vehicles 3 wheelers. The lowest
To assess the growth of vehicles in Mysore city, number belonging to HMV and others.
To assess current traffic situation of suburban bus
station and its surroundings, 5.1. Growth of population in Mysore City
To propose some guidelines and planning solution
for better transportation system in order to ensure Table1: Growth of population in Mysore city (1971-
sustainable transportation in suburban station. 2011)
Growth of population in Mysore city (1971-2011)
4. METHODOLOGY Census year Population Decennial Growth rate
1971 359,449 -
1981 479,081 33.28
1991 653,345 36.37
2001 799,228 22.33
2011 887,446 11.03

Population
1,000,000 887446
799,228
800,000 653,345
600,000 479,081
359,449
400,000
Figure 3: Growth of population in Mysore city (1971-
200,000
2011)
0
Table 2:1971
Growth of vehicle
1981 1991 in 2001
Mysore2011
city
Figure 2: Research methodology
Figure 3: Growth of population in Mysore city (1971-
2011)

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International Journal of IT, Engineering and Applied Sciences Research (IJIEASR) ISSN: 2319-4413 24
Volume 4, No. 3, March 2015

Table 2: Growth of vehicle in Mysore city shown an increase to 9221 hectares in 2001 from 7569
Hectares in 1991, representing a growth of 22 percent. As
Growth of vehicles
per MUDA, the total area is 15669 hectares by 2011,
Vehicle Type/ representing a significant increase of around 70 percent
1991 2001 2011
Category over the total area in 2001.
2 wheelers 209,061 227,551 326,864
3wheelers 11,579 12,490 16,382
Light Motor Vehicle (LMV) 30,027 41,501 48,769
Heavy Motor 6,791 7,241 10,102
Vehicle(HMV)
Others 5,743 5,891 5,934

6. LAND USE PATTERN OF MYSORE


CITY
As per the CDP of Mysore, the residential areas, traffic
and transportation, industrial layouts and parks and open
spaces occupy most of the spaces in Mysore. It is expected
that residential areas grow enormously due to increasing
population and demand for extension of residential
layouts. The total area for Mysore city as per MUDA has
Figure 4: Growth of vehicle in Mysore city

Table 3: Land Use Pattern during 1991, 2001 and 2011


Land use (1991) Land use (2001) Land use (2011)
LAND USE Area in hectares %area Area in %area Area in %area
hectares hectares
Residential 3057.87 40.4 3679.17 39.9 6,097.87 43.45
Commercial 182.41 2.41 278.47 3.02 344.07 2.45
Industrial 1014.24 13.4 1243 13.48 1855.05 13.22
Park and open spaces 415.53 5.49 1241.06 13.47 1180.78 8.41
Public and semi public 856.81 11.32 826.20 8.96 2689.87 7.52
Traffic and transportation 1530.45 20.22 1484.58 16.1 2,380.56 16.96
Public utility 37.08 0.49 47.02 0.51 178.95 1.27
Water sheet 182.41 2.41 186.26 2.02 43.45 0.31
Agriculture 282.32 3.73 209.31 2.27 898.99 6.41
Total 7569.00 100.0 9221.00 100.0 15669.00 100.00

Figure5: Land Use Pattern in 1991, 2001 & 2011

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International Journal of IT, Engineering and Applied Sciences Research (IJIEASR) ISSN: 2319-4413 25
Volume 4, No. 3, March 2015

growth has brought traffic problem in the urban area of


Mysore. The technological revolution especially in
transportation has brought changes in the life style on the
urban area. Without the formulated goals and objectives
especially in traffic management, may be
counterproductive. While the improper planning and
maintenance of transport has led to spreading of
congestion, accidents, flow of traffic etc. At the same time
the total number of vehicles has increased in an
accelerated rate in Mysore city.There is also an indication
that the city growth, physically, has to be regulated due to
the constraints of availability of land for expansion which
prepare opportunity to shift the location of some
characters in city which would be use full in decreasing
traffic volume.

8. LOCATION OF SUBURBAN BUS


STATION IN MYSORE CITY

Figure 6: Mysore Land Use Map 2011 Public transport should always be the hallmark of a good
transportation system for a city, especially for a city like
The residential area in 1991 is 3058 hectares which has Mysore, which is earmarked as the Heritage City, as it
increased to 3679 in 2001. It has increased sharply to 6098 provides good impetus to the tourist population. The role
by 2011 which represented an increase of 40 percent. The of public transport is vital, particularly to reduce the use of
residential area is estimated to be 14958 hectares in the personalized transport. The Karnataka State Road
proposed land use pattern for 2031. The total area Transport Corporation (KSRTC) is the major inter-city
demarcated for parks, open spaces is expected to increase and intra-city service provider in Mysore.
marginally to 2690 hectares (2015) as per the proposed
land use pattern for the year 2015. This is at present Mysore suburban bus station has located in central area of
around 1180 hectares (2011). The percentage of land for city (Bangalore Nilgiri road, LaskerMohalla,
agricultural purpose is also expected to increase from 6.41 MandiMohalla), Road Distance or driving distance
percent (899 hectares) in 2011 to 3.39 percent (945 from Mysore City Railway Station to KSRTC Suburb Bus
hectares) in 2031. However, the percentage of area for Stand is 3 kms (2.00 miles).Via Bangalore Nilgiri Road
commercial, industrial and traffic/transportation has not and Bangalore Nilgiri Road/Chamaraja Double Road it is
varied significantly over the three periods, as is illustrated 2.2Km to Mysore palace. Daily around 2500 buses and
in the land use tables. around 75000 passengers have travel to this bus
stand.More than 50 % of travels are toward Bangaloreand
7. TRAFFIC SYSTEM AND ITS other travels are to other places within or out of state.
CONNECTIVITY IN MYSORE CITY

The inter city and intra city transportation in Mysore is


conducted in buses and taxis that are present in plenty in
the city. Some of the buses connect the city of Mysore to
the city of Bangalore and to the various neighbouring
cities in the state of Karnataka. A well-knit network of
broad gauge railway lines connects the city of Mysore to
the cosmopolitan and metropolitan cities of the country.
Mysore has a convenient network of roads which connects
to important cities in Karnataka. Mysore is connected by
National Highway number 212 and other State Highway
17, 33 and 88. The Karnataka State Road Transport
Corporation (KSRTC) and other private operators run
regular bus services both within the city and inter-cities.
Within the Mysore city, buses and auto-rickshaws are a Figure 7: Mysore Sub Urban Bus Station Location
cheap means of transportation. The unplanned urban

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International Journal of IT, Engineering and Applied Sciences Research (IJIEASR) ISSN: 2319-4413 26
Volume 4, No. 3, March 2015

for shifting passengers to other cities or places out


of Mysore. Exist of main entry of bus station which
is a crowded spaces because of crossing buses is an
effective factors to increase traffic volume. These
harmful factors made air more polluted increase
statistic number of accident.
2) By considering the rapid growth of population and
vehicles, high increase of vehicles and pedestrian
traffic, air and noise pollution especially in core
centers in historical cities. Mysore as a mysterious
city with attractive historical places which almost
placed in core centers in city. These visited places
area carries heavy traffic volume especially in peak
hours. Suburban bus station as an attractive point
invites many people so it is an effective item in
increasing traffic volume.
Figure 8: Overall view map of Mysore suburban bus 3) Exist of suburban bus station and pollution due of
station it impairs the urban landscape. Entity of shopping
mall in bus station which has entrance in main road
8.1. Describing Pictures in Bus Station Area and could invited residents from different part of
Picture 1: interference of vehicles in major junction city provoked traffic and pollution volume.
in the vicinity of discharging of bus station is
evident which created tense space with noise and 10. RECOMMENDATIONS AND
air pollution. PROPOSAL
Picture 2: Exit of buses from suburban bus station
in Bangalore-Nilgiri road is evident. Since this
street includes heavy traffic from vehicles and With respect to data analysis and everything which above
lacking of efficient width for bus crossing cause to said, proposal will be presented in order to create
create heavy traffic space. sustainable development in Mysore city.
Picture 3: Stay of auto rickshaws in this area for
transferring of passengers cause to decrease width
of road and provoke to increase traffic volume.
Picture 4: Existence exhausting of bus stations
parking for vehicles which include passengers
vehicle that they put them from morning till
afternoon almost increase traffic volume.
Picture 5: Shopping mall beside bus station cause
to intensification traffic because of inviting people
and passengers to this area.
Pictures 6.7: It is evident in these pictures that all
buses which come from Mysore Bangaloreroad
force to turn and cross from width of road to enter
to bus station. In these situation Bangalore-Nilgiri
road is been forced to carry heavy massive of
traffic. Figure 9: Proposed Area
Picture 8: Auto stand in this area has decreased of
road space. With respect to statistics which have been received, daily
around 2500 buses are working in Mysore sub urban bus
station, and there are around 75000 passengers (8.5
9. EXISTING PROBLEMS IN BUS percent of Mysore city population), and minimum 50
STATION AREA percent of them have trip toward Bangalore( Mandya,
Maddur, Channapanta, Ramanagara and Bangalore) and
With respect to collected information and data which have vice versa. It means daily significant population have
analysed, it would be possible to describe existing issues travel to sub urban bus station by different vehicles, so as
and problems about suburban bus station: above said heavy traffic, air and noise pollutions and etc.
1) Massive part of street`s wide In the vicinity of the are its result.Sub urban bus station in proposed location is
suburban bus station (Bangalore-Nilgiri Road) has at the northern and the nearest point at the beginning of
occupied because of long amount passing of busses

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International Journal of IT, Engineering and Applied Sciences Research (IJIEASR) ISSN: 2319-4413 27
Volume 4, No. 3, March 2015

Bangalore road and there is direct connection to the city Picture 7: proposed railway station location in
ring road. So for suburban travelling, buses no need come vicinity of ring road and existing rail way which is
to city and make heavy traffic and other problems. very close to proposed suburban bus station.

At present there is no traffic problem at railway station to


the extent that suburban bus station is. But according to REFERENCES
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