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Laboratory Practice IV
ASSIGNMENT - 1
MECHANICAL DESIGN OF
AN OVERHEAD
TRANSMISSION LINE
A transmission line conductor is to be laid between two supports 300m apart. The ground profile between
towers is such that it has a uniform slope of 1:15 between the towers. The height of towers is 18m. Working
tension is 9000kg. Weight per unit length of the conductor is 8 kg/m. Find the minimum clearance.
Solution
H = 9000 kg
Tan = 1/15
w = 8 kg/m
If O is select as the origin then sag at distance x from the origin is,
( ) ( )( ) ( )
(2)
From 1 & 2 ,
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
At minimum clearance =0
75 m
Minimum clearance is at 75 m from O and the value of the minimum clearance is,
* +
Problem 2:
A transmission line conductor is to be laid between two supports 150 apart. The ground profile between the
towers is such that it has a uniform slope between the towers. Maximum tension which the conductor can
withstand is 30 kN and the safety factor is 1.5. Difference in elevation between tower bases is 20m. If the
minimum clearance allowed between the conductor and the ground between the towers is 20m, determine the
minimum height of the tower when the tower at the higher elevation is 25m high
Solution
w = 2 kg/m
If O is select as the origin then sag at distance x from the origin is,
( ) ( )( ) ( )
( )
( ) (2)
Solving 1 & 2
Clearance at point O ,
( )
* +
* + [ ]
When then
This answer is not possible because, we want to find the minimum height of the tower and here the tower is
higher than the top of the upper tower. Also the minimum clearnce point is beyond the upper tower (because
) and hence minimum clearance of 20m didnt occurs.
When then
x1 < 0 means now the tower is at 86.947 m far from the origin on the positive x axis.
Problem 1:
When x= 225m,
( ) *( ) + ( ) [( ) ]
Similarly the sag can be calculated for other x values between -75 and 225
-75 2.501
-50 1.111
-25 0.278
0 0
25 0.278
50 1.111
75 2.501
100 4.447
125 6.952
150 10.015
175 13.639
200 17.825
225 22.575
Sag Template for Problem 1
24
Sag (m)
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
0
-75 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225
X (m)
Sag Template Calculation
Problem 2:
When x= 90m,
( ) *( ) + ( ) [( ) ]
Similarly the sag can be calculated for other x values between 86.95 and 236.95
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
Axis Title
12
11
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150
Axis Title
DISCUSSION
Equations used in the previous cases are true only in still air and at normal temperature when the conductor is
acted by its weight only. However in actual practice a conductor may have ice coating and simultaneosly
subjected to wind pressure. The weight of ice acts downwards, that is in same direction as the weight of the
conductor. The force due to the wind is assumed to act horizontally. Hence the total force on the conductor is
the vector sum of horizontal and vertical forces.
Let w = weight of conductor per unit length = total force on conductor per unit length
= weight of ice per unit length = density of ice
= wind forces per unit length = Wind pressure
( )
Also the conductor sets itself in a plane at an angle to the vertical where