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Baal Berith
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Baal Berith ("Lord of the Covenant") and El Berith Deities of the
Contents
("God of the Covenant") are two gods, or one god,
Featured content ancient Near East
Current events worshiped in Shechem, in ancient Israel.[1] Berith
Arabian
Random article probably appears also in Ugaritic texts (second
Abgal Aglibol Allah al-Lat al-Qaum
Donate to Wikipedia millennium BCE) as brt, in connection with Baal,[1] al-Uzz Atarsamain Athtar Baalshamin
Wikipedia store and perhaps as Beruth in Sanchuniathon's work. Bl Dhul Khalasa Dushara Hubal
Malakbel Manaf Mant Nasr Nuha Orotalt
Interaction Ruda Suwa' Theandrios Wadd Ya'uq
Contents
Help Yaghth Yarhibol Yatha
1 In the Bible
About Wikipedia Levantine (Canaanite)
2 Sanchuniathon's account
Community portal
3 Rabbinic literature Adonis Anat Asherah Ashima Astarte
Recent changes Atargatis Attar Baal Berith Chemosh
Contact page 4 Christianity
Dagon El Elyon Eshmun Gad Hadad
5 See also Kothar-wa-Khasis Melqart Moloch Mot
Tools 6 References Nikkal Qetesh Resheph Shadrafa Shahar
What links here 7 Further reading Shalim Shapash Yahweh Yam Yarikh
Related changes 8 External links Mesopotamian
Upload file
Abzu/Apsu Adad Amurru An/Anu Anshar
Special pages Ashur Enki/Ea Enlil Ereshkigal
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 Ashur Enki/Ea Enlil Ereshkigal
Permanent link In the Bible [edit] Inanna/Ishtar/Ishtarat Kingu Kishar
Page information Lahamu Lahmu Marduk Mummu Nabu
Wikidata item Judges is the only Biblical book that mentions Baal Nammu Nanna/Sin Nergal Ningishzida
Cite this page Berith and El Berith.[2][3][4] It is not clear whether they Ninhursag Ninlil Tiamat Utu/Shamash

are separate forms of the gods Baal and El or are Egyptian

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actually one god. Scholars suppose that he or they Amun Apis Atum Buchis Geb Horus Isis
Create a book
may have been worshipped for connections to fertility Montu Nephthys Nut Osiris Ptah Ra
Download as PDF Set Shu Tefnut Thoth
and vegetation, based on another passage in
Printable version
Judges.[5] Also unclear is what covenant or covenants Elamite
Languages are referred to by the name Berith. Elsewhere, some Inshushinak Jabru Khumban Kiririsha
Lahurati Nahundi Napir Ninsusinak Pinikir
of the Shechemites are called "men of Hamor";[6] this

Catal is compared to "sons of Hamor", which in the ancient
etina Religions of the ancient Near East
Middle East referred to people who had entered into
Deutsch
a covenant sealed by the sacrifice of a hamor, an V T E
Espaol
Franais ass.[1] "Children" or "sons of Hamor" itself appears in
Italiano Genesis[7] and Joshua,[8] in both of which, as in Judges,[6] Hamor is Fertile Crescent
called the father of Shechem. Genesis also[9] features a man named myth series

Polski Hamor who ruled in the area of Shechem[10] and had a son named
Portugus Mesopotamian
Shechem.
Levantine
Rabbinic tradition equates Baal Berith with Beelzebub, the god of
Arabian
Philistine Ekron.[11]
Near Eastern Religions
Edit links
The Levant
Sanchuniathon's account [edit]
El Berith

In his euhemeristic account of the Phoenician deities, Sanchuniathon Elyon Dagon

Hadad Elohim
says that a certain Elioun, called also "the Most High", and a female
Adon Eshmun
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 Adon Eshmun
named Beruth dwelt in the neighbourhood of Byblos, on the coast of
Anat Kubaba
present-day Lebanon. They had two childrena male called Liluri
Arsu
Epigeius/Autochthon/Sky and a daughter called Earth. Because of Asherah Manuzi
the latter pair's beauty, the sky and the earth, respectively, were Astarte Mot

named after them. According to Sanchuniathon it is from Sky and Atargatis Shaddai

Azizos Salem
Earth that El and various other deities are born, though ancient texts
The Baals Yam
refer to El as creator of heaven and earth. A relationship with Hebrew
Ba`alat Gebal Yarikh
brt ("covenant") or with the city of Beirut have both been suggested
view talk edit
for Beruth. The Hittite theogony knows of a primal god named Alalu
who fathered Sky (and possibly Earth) and who was overthrown by
his son Sky, who was in turn overthrown by his (Sky's) son Kumarbi. A similar tradition seems to be
at the basis of Sanchuniathon's account.

Rabbinic literature [edit]

The idol Baal Berith, which the Jews worshipped after the death of Gideon, was identical,
according to the Rabbis, with Baal Zebub, "the lord of flies," the god of Ekron (II Kings i. 2). He
was worshipped in the shape of a fly; and Jewish tradition states that so addicted were the Jews to
his cult that they would carry an image of him in their pockets, producing it, and kissing it from time
to time. Baal Zebub is called Baal Berith because such Jews might be said to make a covenant
(Hebrew: berith) of devotion with the idol, being unwilling to part with it for a single moment (Shab.
83b; comp. also Sanh. 63b). According to another conception, Baal Berith was an obscene article
of idolatrous worship, possibly a simulacrum priapi (Yer. Shab. ix. 11d; 'Ab. Zarah iii. 43a). This is
evidently based on the later significance of the word "berit," meaning circumcision.

Christianity [edit]
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 According to the Admirable History written by Father Sebastien Michaelis in 1612, Baal Berith
once possessed a nun in Aix-en-Provence. In the process of the exorcism, Baal Berith
volunteered not only his own name and the names of all the other demons possessing her, but the
names of the saints who would be most effective in opposing them.

See also [edit]

Other uses of "berith"

Mythology portal

Ancient Near East portal

References [edit]

1. ^ a bc
Mulder, M.J. (1999), "Baal-berith" , Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible , Wm. B.
Eerdmans Publishing, pp. 141144 , ISBN 978-90-04-11119-6.
2. ^ Judges 8:33 .
3. ^ Judges 9:4
4. ^ Judges 9:46
5. ^ Judges 9:27 .
6. ^ a b
Judges 9:28 .
7. ^ Gen. 33:19 .
8. ^ Joshua 24:32 .
9. ^ Gen. 34 .
10. ^ Gen. 33:18 .
11. ^ "JewishEncyclopedia.com - BAAL-BERITH" . Retrieved 2010-04-06.

Further reading [edit]

J.C. DeMoor, , Theologisches Wrterbuch zum Alten Testament, hrsg. G.J. Botterweck, H.
Ringgren, Bd. 1, Col. 706-718.
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S. L. MacGregor Mathers, A. Crowley, The Goetia: The Lesser Key of Solomon the King
(1904). 1995 reprint: ISBN 0-87728-847-X.
"Berith - Goetia, the Lesser Key of Solomon the King: Lemegeton." DeliriumsRealm.com -
Demonology, Fallen Angels, and the Philosophy of Good and Evil. 30 Apr. 2009
<http://www.deliriumsrealm.com/delirium/articleview.asp?Post=120 >.
External links [edit]
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Singer, Isidore; et
al., eds. (19011906). "Baal-berith" . Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls
Company.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh,
ed. (1911). "article name needed". Encyclopdia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
V T E Demons in the Ars Goetia
Names, number and rankings according to the Ars Goetia
1. Bael 9. Paimon 13. Beleth 20. Purson 32. Asmoday 45. Vin 51. Balam 61. Zagan 68.
King
Belial
Prince 3. Vassago 12. Sitri 22. Ipos 33. Gap 36. Stolas 55. Orobas 70. Seere
2. Agares 6. Valefor 8. Barbatos 11. Gusion 15. Eligos 16. Zepar 18. Bathin 19. Sallos 23.
Duke Aim 26. Bun 28. Berith 29. Astaroth 41. Focalor 42. Vepar 47. Vual 49. Crocell 52.
Alloces 54. Murmur 56. Gremory 60. Vapula 64. Haures 67. Amdusias 71. Dantalion
4. Samigina 7. Amon 14. Leraje 24. Naberius 27. Ronov 30. Forneus 35. Marchosias 37.
Marquis Phenex 43. Sabnock 44. Shax 59. Orias 63. Andras 65. Andrealphus 66. Cimeies 69.
Decarabia
17. Botis 21. Marax 22. Ipos 25. Glasya-Labolas 27. Ronov 34. Furfur 38. Halphas 40.
Count
Rum 45. Vin 46. Bifrons 54. Murmur 72. Andromalius
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 Knight 50. Furcas

5. Marbas 10. Buer 17. Botis 21. Marax 25. Glasya-Labolas 31. Foras 33. Gap 39.
President
Malphas 48. Hagenti 53. Caim 57. Ose 58. Amy 61. Zagan 62. Valac

See also: Pruflas List of demons in the Ars Goetia

V T E Demons in Pseudomonarchia Daemonum

Names, number and rankings according to Pseudomonarchia Daemonum

1. Bal 11. Pursan 20. Byleth 22. Paimon 23. Blial 35. Sidonay 45. Vin 48. Zagan 52.
King
Decarabia 63. Balam
Prince 4. Pruflas 16. Ipes 21. Sytry 36. Gap 58. Orobas 69. Stolas

2. Aguars 4. Pruflas 6. Barbatos 8. Gusoyn 10. Bathym 12. Eligos 14. Valefor 19. Zepar
Duke 19. Sallos 24. Bun 27. Berith 28. Astaroth 33. Vepar 37. Chax 38. Pucel 40. Murmur 44.
Focalor 51. Gomory 53. Amduscias 57. Aim 59. Vapula 62. Flauros 64. Alocer 66. Vuall
5. Amon 13. Loray 18. Naberius 25. Forneus 26. Roneve 31. Marchocias 34. Sabnac 37.
Marquis
Chax 47. Samigina 49. Orias 54. Andras 55. Andrealphus 60. Cimeies 68. Phoenix
6. Barbatos 9. Botis 15. Morax 16. Ipes 26. Roneve 30. Furfur 40. Murmur 42. Rum 43.
Count
Halphas 45. Vin 46. Bifrons 52. Decarabia 65. Sallos

Knight 39. Furcas

3. Barbas 7. Buer 9. Botis 15. Morax 17. Glasya-Labolas 29. Forras 32. Malphas 36. Gap
President
41. Caym 48. Zagan 50. Volac 56. Oze 61. Amy 67. Hagenti

See also: Vassago Seere Dantalion Andromalius

Categories: Deities in the Hebrew Bible Demons in Judaism Goetic demons

Levantine mythology Middle Eastern mythology Phoenician mythology West Semitic gods

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