Ww San Beda College of Latv 2013 CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS Memory Aid in CRIMINAL LAW 131115 BOOK ONE BOOK TWO SPECIAL PENAL LAWS2013 CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS San B College of Low Administration DEAN VIRGILIO B. JARA, College Dean Centralized Bar Operations Adviser ATTY. MARCIANO G. DELSON, Executive Committee Over-all Chairperton Chairperson for Academics ‘Chairperson for Hotel Operations Vice-Chair for Operations Vice-Chair for Secretariat Vice-Chair for Finance Vice-Chair for EDP Vice-Chair for Logistics IAN MICHEL GEONANGA JOSE ANGELO DAVID RUTH ABIGAIL-ACERO ALBERTO RECALDE, JR. MARIA CARMELA HAUTEA ‘MARK EMMANUEL ABILO RYAN LIGGAYU JOMARC PHILIP DIMAPILIS ‘Subject Committees Political Law Labor Low and Social Legislation Civil Low Taxation Law, Commercial Law Criminal Law Remedial Law Legal & Judicial Ethies ERIKA MARIE GALLEGO SHEILA PASICOLAN JHOY PALLONES. LORELEI COLUMNA ANTONIO CEASAR MANILA JANSEN BERNARDO CAMILLE SOLA ESTELA JOY INTIG Core Group Members Klaudine Abrugeno, Angell Rose Therese Adriano, Joe Vincent Aguila, Afrederick Araneta, Alyssa Daphne Avila, Rigel Bajande, Jolas Brtas, Rebecca Chan, Chrysten Cuyegkeng, Molee Uzworth Be Gule, Alexendria De La Crzz, Mark Angelo Dolo, Fredsck Femandez, Johansen Ferrer lan Daniel Galang, Normion Jay Jamoro, Ariel Moghirang, Zyril Marchan, Reniel Christian Onl, Reynold Oreua, Lorenzo Miguel Oxido, Romdell Pend, Rachelle Panganiban, Erol Stephen Pisec, Pla Mitzi Receno, Klerk Robin, Ret, Vanessa Salvador, James Russell Sz, Carlo Mari Crisregienald TanSubject Chair * JANSEN BERNARDO Assistant Subject Choi DANIEL VON EVAN PANELO Subject Committee Electronic Data Processing Head CLAUDINE PALATTAO Subject Heads Book One HYACINTH ALDUESO Book Two JEMIMA FERNANDO Special Penal Laws MICHELLE MARIE HATOL Subject Committee Members Fatima Maria Amansec, Her Lynn Balares, Roy Daguio, Jennyllette Dignadice, Edear Latavan, Michael Lloren, Tosca, Leira Mansujeto, Maria Monica Pamela Mendoza, Fina Ong, Annie Blaise Arce Raagas, Toni Faye Tan, Joseph Christopher Torralbo Advisers Justice Mario V. Lopez Atty. Eireene Xina M. AcostaTABLE OF CONTENTS ‘A. Book 1 Fundamental Principles Preliminary Title Felonies & circumstances which affect criminal 4giiis liability Persons criminally liable for felonies Penalties Extinction of criminal ltability B. Book Il Crimes Against National Security Crimes Against the Fundamental Laws of the State Crimes Against Public Order Crimes Against Public interest Crimes Relative to Opium and Other Prohibited Drugs +s Against Public Morals ies Committed by Public Officers Crimes Against Persons Crimes Against Personal Liberty and Security Crimes Against Property Crimes Against Chastity Crimes Against Civil Status Crimes Against Honor 1al Negligence C. Special Penal Laws D. Annexes E. Bibliography 44 50 73 82 89 94 107 122 127 132 151 164 175 201 208 210 215 217 256 276UNDERTAKING ‘This publication isthe intellectual property ofthe San Beda Collegeof Law Centralized Bar Operations. Any unauthdrized reproduction, use, sale or purchase hereot ls a violation of Intellectual property laws. ‘hereby recognize the right of the San Beda College of Law Centralized Bar Operations to prosecute any action in accordance with law to protect the Infringement of such intellectual roperty rights. ‘As such, | will neither unlawfully reproduce nor cause the unlawful reproduction of this ‘material without the prior consent of the San Beda College of Law Centralized Bar Operations,ALL. Criminal Law ~ branch of publ: substantive aw which (Gets exes, veal fel nate ad provides er alt ‘punishment. Iisa pube tw Docaue It deals wih the ‘elation of he incl wah Be Sa. ‘Gabo promugated by {Nuun cnn naa poo sho ee — ae when there soo law hat defines and punches 2. Actus nn fect ream, ni mes St ea tb at ‘be cama unless the minds rnina. 8. Actus me Invio facts non est meus actus ~ an act ne by ma agalnt my ws ot my act. 4 Doctine of Pro Reo- Whenever 8 Penal twist be ‘constved. or “appled. and the law admis of Mo ‘ntrpetations- ona tenant o te oflender and oe se {o the offender that inerpretaion whch lenient or ‘evorale tote aftender wl be adopted. "This in consonance wit Bo fundamental re that al doubts shal be conned in favor of he accused ‘recurve Conmariee LAN MICHEL GEONANGA overt anatpetion JOSE ANGELO AMID. chatpeson tet seaderics Ru ABIGAL ACEO Chattoenon for hotel operations ALBERTO RECALDE, Je \oo-charpencn for operations MARIA CARMELA HAUTE ‘ce-chotpencn for seerelona. MARE EMMANUEL ABLO Viee-charpenon, for finance, "RYAN IGGAYU_ ioe: ‘alroonen for electronic dota procaine. JOMARC PAP DiwaPus ice chobpenentorlogstes 5. 6 quo es cousa de la causa 0s cause de! mat ‘causado ~ He who [tho caso ofthe cause i he Sanat be en cmeed ep ol GMa (Characters of Criminal Law A. Genera ~ I's binding on all persons who tve oF sopum inthe Philpie tortor, ropadees of atonally, gender, or ober personal cumstances (an 14,NCO}. Excopions: 4. Treaty Stipulations ner the RP-US Vita Fores Agreement. which was signed on Februzy 10, 198, he Pilppnes ayood hat {2 US shal have the right o oxorse win the ies ak ca a ire tray 8 hon dre \ performance of official duty. me PE wen In deterring wheter one can be ‘rosecuted oot te ctzensip is mato what 1s necessary that one is a member of the US armed forces ether as 41,8 milly personnel or ‘2 US.chllan persantel connected to US miltary operas, PANEL “cattontsthect Chair CUDOINE PALATINO ‘Sco. HYACINIM ALBUS Sook evan FeRNANDS Book 2 RACHELLE MARE PATOL foetal panel eweaor TECK ‘Ces punishable | under PRL Laws | RP_hos the excuse i a | en | laws otto US. ‘rimes_ punishable Under Dw love of US hos the, eis the US. but not | judcn, snot Ph Law. There concuret Jediton butte Fagen eg )tedefon, Crimes punnale | POY vn td both under the US | SSCA ray ard Ph Laws, | Oe a trason espionage mes) 2, Those cmos defined under RA 7610 Cases) 3. Those comes defined under RA 9165, ‘rugs cases) Laws of Profoential Applicaton 4 RA TS ponalaes acs which woud nai the proper ‘beorance by the Republic and is habits ofthe immunities, hts, and. ptvieges of duy-2ccredted ‘orlgn diplomatic representatives inthe Pilippnes. General Rul: Under RA 7, person who ae exemot ffom rest and Impdsorent and. whase properties ‘ae exam! fom dsl, seizwe and atachnent re the folowing: (HAS) | Publ Ministers 4. bassators ‘Domestic servants of ambassafors and_pube nists Exceptions: athe person Is. clizon or Inabitant of the Phippines; end he wit of press issued apalnttim Is founded upon a debt contacted before he enered upon such ‘sevice oF ho domestic servants nt ogstered wh the Deparment of Foreign Afar. Note: RA 75s not applicable when the fréign county ‘adversely lied does nt provide sila protection fo ‘ur lomat representatives. 2, Warship Rule a warship of afother county even ‘though docked inthe Phipines i conidred as an eiarson of the tary oftheir respective county. Same rue epples. 10 ford embassies in the Phippnes Pipe warship and enbascies abroad ‘are deed eta eritois of te Pipes. 5 Principles of Public Intemational Law ‘The folowing porons are exempted: (SCAM) erry so fot in Ati | f the 1987 composes of 3 dona: 2. 3. Aa Exceptions: 11. RPC shal not-be enforced witin o ouside the Prilppe teores fso provited under: Treaties; bs Laws of PreferentiatAppleatin (Art 2, RPC and ‘At 14, NCC) 2, Etratertoilty —roers to the application of the Revisod Penal Code outside the Phippine teary (a2, RPC), Extrait Crimes (At 2, RPC) Le. erorceblo ‘even odsie Piling tery aga! eso who: ~ 4 Should commit an offense while on Philippine ip orairship.>>) een, as they are considored to be an Ife she or eatin must ot be win te ‘atension of he tony fe eo to terol ston of anotar county, (mst whch they been. Ts, espe temnhlematenal wales) rational laws shal apply to sich wesc 1. The ship oF aship mat be rested ine weve may be od. Prilpgines under Pip us. b. Should forge of counter any exin or currency note ofthe Pilppines or Rules on rvato or merchant Vessels: cblgatons and secures. Issued by the “:Pllpnne vessel raat Soverment rs. 169 8 165 RPC). ‘a Mist be understood as that wich ragistered win te NARINA (arte Fergani commie by ging 2 weesry or Indsky Autor) accorsaoe. wh bark oe rayne payate ober or Prlgne es, to order the appearance of a tue genre ' The RPC apples when such Phigpne ocurant or hy rasng, svg, esol found wii: courtrtng ang, by any means, he 1 ripine wats, ‘gress ors rss corned ren. i. Te high sas. 2. Fogn Marchant soos i orgry was esis abroad, X must fer 2: Ine Pilpines, we fo the ENGUSH nly to Philpphe. con, carey ree oF RULE higatons an ects. A dstbeton ust bp, mae. Swot smrcan ps an wath omer a bina sects of tw G8, 88S ard trav rkss sijeced 8G prora vs!4 SEOs Lanbagfe NOT te goer eae (Sve. ul, 15PhL7) WA COLLEGE OF Litey chats. Fab “orate ag 1 fs into the country the above. oabete Ste oF obligations and secures. 4. Fae macaw Inbred be contre tows ae mare possession of bie even I they wore not the ones on eager» toa F Beet ae ‘Cemes commited | Crimes commited aboard a vessel within | aboard 2 vessel within ‘he trol waters of @ | the tetova waters of county ae NOT tisle | county ae tiblen the Inthe cours of sad | courts of such oonty, Wie veing pubic offers or should commit an ofense inthe exercise of ther fictions he: (APT aNC) { Dret ben (At 210) inde rv (rt 211) 5. Quan rary (At 2714) Iv alu io Rede coun 218) ¥. Faure Render Account Sore Leaving the ‘county (at 219) legal Use of Pubic Eons or Popcy (At za) Vi Falure to Make Delivery of Puble | Eunds Property (At 224) ‘vessel or wien they oly | i. Ebticatn (A171) rater to. the ioral | Fraud Against Pubic Treasury and Similar wgomanthecot ffenses (a 213) Xx Malversaton of Puble Funds or Property (At. a. In he case of @ forigh warship, te 217) ratoaty of uch wash detorns fe 1 Possession of Prohibited Iires (At 216) appicale penal laws to cies commited i Compton (At 212)Note: A crime commited win the grounds of 2 ‘embassy on frig sll shal be subject {o Phapine onal laws, tough may oF may not Ive Doon commited by ap ofcer neon to his oficial dues. Embassy grounds ae consicoed ‘8 exonsions of te sovereignty ofthe county ‘ooupying thon, ‘Example: A Philippine consulate offial wro is ‘ally marted her no Phiopines rma In 2 forlgn county canol be pecuted here n be ulples for lgamy under no 4 ofA. 2 of RPC ‘beause the cine hat io corocton Wet hofel utes. Nowrtelss, he socond. mariage is fakbyated "In the Pripine embassy, tho ‘anbassador may be prosecuted inthe Pripines because the embassy grounds ae considered the ‘tasion of sovrelgty (Ortega, 2008) ! . Commit sod crimes Grey against the Phi. goverment ©. Prospective General Rule: Penal lie cannot make an act punshablo ina manner n wich ft was rot punishable ‘When commit. Exception: It may be applied retoactvely when the ‘ow ts tvorbl oe accused [Exceptions tothe Exception: 41 The new law is exiessly made inapptcable 0 ending atone er exsing causes of stone. 2. Offend i a hau rin At 22, RPC) Limitations ‘on the Power of Congress to Enact Penal Laws: hn fsa, soon woin to Heng wns lw i bra cte Secny "Act" 2007 has extern appicaton Sec. 58 of RA 8372 provides thatthe Act shat ‘apply 10 indoua persons who, altough rystaly out te Pippines hal 1 Conspre or plot 10 commit any of the ‘tes punished nthe Ac, 4 Commit any of sai crimes. on board Phiipie Spo arstip: ‘8. Conmit any of sad comes waitin the ‘ombasey, "‘conaato or dome. premises belonging o or cupid by the Phi goverment an ficl capac, |v. Cort sald crres against Pi ezens ‘or prsans of Pi. descent unre thle cltzenship or ehnicty was 2 factor in the ‘commision ofthe rnes; and Sanson Cousotor Law 2013 Conan bat Oretavons ‘ofense without due process of law (bt, Soc api) 23. It should not impose cruel and unusual punitiment nor should R impose excesshe fines id, Soc. 190 RA 9346 pros the mposton of death ponaty therefore repeaing RA 7. In fou of te death enaty, the flan shat be inpased 2 he penaty of econ porpetua, when the law olated makes uso of he somencatre Oe Ponalioe ftw Revised Pena Code, or te penalty of fe Imprisonment, when the law Vola does nt mato use of te nomercate ‘fhe penalties ofthe Revised Penal Cod (Se. 2, RASS)4, itt be general in appcalon and must cleaty ‘Sethe te acs and onisstns prised 2s cimoe (oe, See {nd Sex: 2) Ditterent Ettectsof Repeal of Penal Law 4. Absolute or Total Ropea!- a repeals absolute won the cre punished undo ho repodiod iw has been derminatzed byte subsequent ian (Ortop, 2008). Ife now aw totaly repeats existing aw making he spe pane sme cor es 7008.15). toc of otal real it 4 the case Is sill ponding in cour: dismissed, repardlss of wheter Be accused is 9 habitual [Bhoactneinspio aie oped ‘Enacts of paral repeal Ifthe cate I il pending in court: Ue law which & more favrble to the accused _appild to him regardless of whether hei a hab ‘minal or rt ules, there 8 reservation inthe law tat It shal no apply © pending causes of ‘ton. bite oftender is atreaty serving sentence: TE Not habia criminal ~ the repeaing Law which i ‘mor lonient phim sha be apld uress ere is ‘reservation that oct 1 Habitual riot ~ the repeaing law which is more favorabio tothe accused wil nol be appscable 1 rien Eftects of Amendment of Penal Law 1. the now low makes te penal lhl, shal be sppied excep the oferder sa nau deinguent ‘or when the new la is naplcabi to pending action or existing causes of ton. 2.11 the new law imposes 8 header analy, te law in force athe bne oth conmison of the oars shal be applied (Reyes, 2008.19, PRELIMINARY TITLE ARTICLE ‘TIME WHEN ACT TAKES EFFECT ‘The Revised Penal Code (RPC) was approved on Decenber 8 1830 took eflecton January 1, 1932, ‘Two theovis in criminal aw: 1 Classical or Juste Theory ‘2 The basis of ermal fait is human tee wil and ‘purpose ofthe penal retiuton Man's essen amoral creature win an absolutely ‘te wil 0 choose betwdon good and evi thereby lesng more stress. upon the efector rest ofthe fecricus ac than upon the man, the rminl hs ‘whieh conta tim to. 80 (oF Mxod Toayy —'a cantinaion of both “<\ Smsea sr potve earn Our tes cansdoed cette (le, te age of te ofendr is taken I> ‘consideration, Inioveaon of th oflender it oder i ‘considered a. mtgatng creunstarce unless k 1 haba or tendon) ARTICLE 2 [APPLICATION OF TS PROVISIONS. ‘Artic 2 sos forth the instances where the provsons of the Revised Penal Code ae applicable attough the {olny Is commited ouside the Pipi Tet. 1. Extratertoraity RPC ic applicable even thaugh ‘outside the Phipine tertory (See dsussion under ‘Teoria sa crac of rine). 2, Extentoraty — a toon of ioral aw which Sos te Immunity of cotan persons who tough Sin Broa Courceortaw. 5 2013 Cevmaauz Bat OretaTionsEa. In the. sate” ae not amenable 10 ts ews (8. ‘enbacsador, misters plenipnantary et) 2. Intratortoraty ~ RPC is made alcabe wan the Pippo trtory. Feloties under this Arte shall be cognizable by the oper cour where tho cna actor was fst fled [Becton 19(0, ise 110 ofthe Res of Curt). ‘TITLE ONE: FELONIES & CincuMSTANCES WHICH AFFECT CRIMINAL LIABILITY {2 Ak any todlly movement tending OW ted i be exonal word, K mest Classification of Felonies According tothe Means by Which They Ave Commtid: ‘A. Intentional felonies ~ te act pefomed of tho ‘miso rca with etboate Inet or malo to oan np. ‘Roquittes of DOLO.oF MALICE: F) © sanBepaCousceor Law 2013 Coal bar Oretavons When parson acts witout esto, he 0 longer _ahuman beng but oo, Lack of ado - fender is exempt tom laity. prosene of lesctble force or unconroiabi fea 2. ntetigance is be capacty. fo krow and indetond the ‘conceqiences of one's act Witout tis powe, recestay fo dotomine the morality of furan 2, 10 ‘me ca ext Lack of itligone -oflendor is exempt fom Habit. fender i an inbecte, sane, or 15 years of 308 der) 3. Antont (rina {The purpose fb use a picuar means to fect such coma ‘lament of er. The burden of prong tho oasterce of the Intent is upon the prosecution, "ae such Ietont 16 an elamont of thecrme.‘When te cane 6 nis temples or trstated ‘Stage, speci tnt must be proved. (.e Wen the crime is | When 3 person consummated, siousy jus general tent is | another, the tnt kl presumed, (Le. When | must be prod inorder Inedent of ater act performed witout nae, Wrongta ae esa ‘tom - inpradenes, nogigence, ack of foresbht or ack of as intention to couse an ing. erp lod | thatthe char wil bo rar be intr | ono of alone oF ils pesumed) | stated homiose, Honest stake of fact trurde, paride or| Rls a msapprtenin of fact on he pa he parson Irani ac te cave | causig ny © mothe. Such parson NOT comely maybe and ot mere| Table ashe acted witht rman ont Vopr ft _—______ satiny sxusa 8, Cupalefolones ~perormed witout atc. ‘An nest mistake of fact dottoys the presumption of ‘mrad ort wich aes upon the commission of Requitos of CULPA: (FN) ‘elonious a 1 Boodom: oS sy tierce: Hata oa & NOT apse CULPABLE 1% Nepoercn, nncence, ok REGION, FER, ABI {0 property usualy Ivcves lock si ‘Reason for punishing acts of negligence: ‘Arman must wo his common sense, and exercso duo tetacon ina NS ac 1s ot Ho De cout arf an pratent, nt rom hs then iy fear of |ncuring punishment (US vs. Maleze, 14 Phi 468,47). Noe: n At. 3, cupa is @ MODE of commiting emo ‘hongo, kling Is donominated “nomic trough reckless Iingrudence. in Ar. 365 (quashofenses), cua the ‘cme. punished, “hence, the crime. i denominated “reckless imprdence resting in homed, 2008, 2a, Imprudence Windies a defitony of action; tare 10 avo nut person or Mata protibita . ‘Gres puishabl by special pal laws whereby ctr Intent ot, as a nae, neceseay,k being ser tat {he ofeder has he int to peat te act ones bythe spect ow ts punishable becuse he probes ‘act 6 co urcus to he pubic welfare that she ere ise, General Rule: As a le, mor commision of cine lasetod as maa prohia, oven witout cnn int, Ie punisabe Sau Bios cousseoraw 7 2013 CevraauteD BAL OP=RATIONSTeens securyapency. 2, People vs. Landcho (CA $506 842) “The doctine he mately of aninvspossiend Should, be eles in cotain way. Ohenwise, the ‘vowed puree Othe goverment polcy cannot be ys, Mar (CA) 85 026. 1394) ‘Where the accisad had pending application for ‘wea, a ees Wrong fom vey) Wiong because pete by tw. mugen 8 saw Bion Counce or Law 2013 Cenmauzen Bar Orexancais ‘Example: A whois elu o 8 shot he itr asa result ‘of which B ded, The tent is 1 I while the mote eabousy. Motive tis the moving power which impels one fo acton for a fate esut (oye, 2008.59Motive: When Relevant (CUT-NIO) fie evidence ie more ercumstantat. 2. Where the Kcetcaton ofthe accused proceads from ‘2 pvelabo sure andthe testimony fs inconchisve {nd ot ree om doubt 43 In aceraning the th between two sntapoisc ‘heares or versions oft ling: 4. Whore Bere are no eyewinesses t the chime, and wher suspeion & Maly Yo fal pon 2 number of persons: 5 hon fers dout 25 to tho doit of tho agsatant £8. When fe atisalogod tobe commited in dots of 2 stranger because & must ot be indioed By revenge, resentment or otter ev moive; ARTICLE 4 ‘CRIMINAL LIABILITY ar. 4: Criminal Lsbilty fora felony differen trom that which is Intended to be commited. Rationale: £1 que es causa dt causa el 8h causa He who se cause ofthe ‘he ev camod x Roquisites: {that an tentona fecny has ben “Theres no Intentional Felony: Sree eT Wen the act is covered by any cumstancesinAt 11O1RPC. SX ‘Actor omission should not be punished by 3 ‘cause the otentervoltng a special iow have tho intent Yo do any injury tO another. In ace, the wrong act dono coud nt be slr 3 the oflender di ot ited odo ary other Inry 2. That the wang dane to to eggieved party be the cirect, natural ara gical consequence Of th felony ‘commie, Proximate Cause its that cause, which Ine tural and continous ‘soqunce, unbroten by any ficient intervening cave, ‘rods the ny, and witout whieh the suk woud ot have ccsure, We rest can te traced ack to he onal act thon {he der ofthe orginal at can be hat criminal Habe. The relation of caso and tet must bo shown: Unit acts ho amisent cause Accelerating cause > ©. Prosmate cause Note: Any person who creates in another persor's ind {an inmedate sense of danger, which causes to ltr {© do someting resulting nt lati’ lures, fable forthe resuting nutes (People vs. Page, 77 SCRA 348, cling Poopie vs. Tong, L-27097, Jan. 17, 1975, ‘2 SCRA 17, 33) ‘Thus, he parson i st crminaly ible atough the wrong act done Be ciferent fom that Whih he Intend: 2. Err In Personae-itke Inthe Went of te vt (tea 42 pena foresee eee fs maximum pio) , Abaraoeue ~ mike inthe blow (Ate 48 on ‘complex crines ~ penialy for graver fens in ts maximum peed) ©. Prato ineienom ~ us resus greater tan “hal etonded Arce 13 Mgating Cicamstance) Ss consoqunce I nota grave Os grave bs EP “ere gro compex cre £S SSS" example of Adora fs: ‘A sho B but tocause of lack of poco, R was , abystander, wto was hit asa resut of wich © log. Thor a complex ere of atempted or ‘rusated Murder, Homie,» Partciie or Infaniide and Murr, Homicise Paneer Infaneidet aH) fC not but sustained inure, thr ss 8 complex crime of atompted or strated MHPL ‘and serous or oss serous pyeical ues (ne that there Io rier Kl ota as Be case of Cle concered) however there can be NO complex cine MC sustained sight physial Ines as the same & only ight oy. When’ death Is. presumed to be. the natural ‘consequence of physical inure infcted: (NER) £2 Thal the vitin at tho te the physical injures were Inflcted wasin normal hoa San Broa Couscroruw 9 ‘or3.crnmaatte Bak OresanonsEK CEE CC ». Tat te death may be xoecid rom the psa Iruros cto, «That death ensued wihin a easonabie tine Note: The ended pary isnot blged to submit to 3 surge operation of media resiment to releve the ‘oouved fom taba. Felony commited is NOT the proximate cause of the resulting injury whe: 2. There isan ache foro baiween the felony ‘commited andthe resuting ry, such active fore IS eset rom te felony commits, Tho reuling uy cue 0 be hnterona act of he vin, 1, faut or caessness of the vim 10 Increase the criminal lab of the asain Instances when there Is a proximate cause and ‘when thers none Cmnry Eitan pi rrr Esrreren repent nr) Pants eee 20 San Bena Cousct or aw 2013 Conteauneo Bax Oreeanions Efficient intervening Cause Ie tho causa which iferuptd the natural tow of fevers iadng 1 one's doa, TAS may rose" the ‘fener ro ably NOT effete inarvoring causes: |. The weak. o iseased physical contlon vet, Tre nerousnoss or tarperamnent ofthe vt, © Causas which are inert inthe vt, 4. Neglect of to vit or hid person ex. refusal of ‘nadia atendance) «2. Emonsous or unekll metal or sure! treatment (utes the wound i Sight or nol mora. Par. 2: Impossible Crime Requisites: (PEIN) 1. That he act peo would bo an offense apt ‘pPryslealImpossiolity —— Whon oxtanoous ‘fourtonas unknown tothe acor of beyond is ‘col proven th consurnaton ofthe tended People of fo Phipanes G.R Na. 103179 October 71, 1902) 4. That the act pertomed shoud NOT constute a olaon of another provision ofthe RPC. ‘Te ct commited is an impossble cine and not ‘tempted rrr. Infos, Pangasan, Tub and Dalidlg fod a tho room of Plargpanga. tuned out, however, that Peangpengan was n anole iy ard hor home was than oxeuped by her sominaw and I famiy. No one> ELD) LD, was nthe fam when the accused red the shots. No one ‘east by th gun fe. Thor foctolimpossty ns (ate Itozcure when extraneous crunstanoes unknown Felonies against persons ae: (MHP-ORAP) ‘Murdo (Art 248) 2. Homie fart 24) 5. Pare (A. 246) 4 Itai (rt 256) 5 Dual (ts 260 and 261) 6 Rape (Wt 266-4) 7. Abortion (As. 286,257, 258 ond Pyle Innis (As 22,283 Flora gant propery ae: romage fs bend 3 2 ignaoe ran ate So 0,0 1) 4. Usurpation (Avts. 312 and 313) 3 eagle car) & Seng ae oe Osos rs. 318) 7-Chatl Mongage (at 319) \ {Aron and oor cas ching da ‘320, 321,322, 323,324, 925, and 328) 9. Mafcous Michie (Arts. 927, 528, 329, 300 Purpose of punishing impossible crimes: To suppress minal propensiy or rnin! endencies. Notes: ‘2 Folny against parsons oF property should not be ‘actualy commits, for othe, De wou be lable for that ony hee woul be no impose crime to Speak ot 1 Ther is no atompted or tusated impoesble cro. It 1S aways consummated and apps oly o rave or oss grave eres. Und Arle 58, th penalty for ipossible cies 16 ‘resto ior or afin ranging from 200500 pesos ARTICLE 5 DUTY OF THE COURT Par. 1. Acts which should be repressed but which are ‘ot covered by law. Roquistos: 4. The act commited by the. secused appears NOT purse by ary ian, 2 Bune court deems proper to rpress such act 8. In at caso, he court must ender he proper docksion by lmissng the case and acqulting the sooused: ana 4. The judge must then make @ rept f9 he Chis! Excutve, trough the Secreta of Justice, stairg the ‘oasons which induce fam fo Dolo that he sae act ‘should be made the subject of penal bgt ‘The Phitpins does not subscribe to the common aw cimas sys. Undor Mis arise, an act should bo 2 replessid put Bere i no law putshing the sane, tho util mest bo mado. The i rere at a sentence; and 4. The judge Sod swomit @ sttement fo the Chit Executive, trough the Secretary of sustoe, ‘recommending execu cemoncy The court must impose the: penaty prescrbed for tho crime commited ough tds the’ penal too harsh ‘consieing he condos surrounding the commission of {he etme. The most the judge coud do st recommend {othe Chit Executive fo gran execu como. Pa. 2 not applicable tothe otro dein and penalizes bya speci ow San sok Couroeor Law 3 ‘2013 Cea BAL OrenanonARTICLE ‘CONSUMMATED, FRUSTRATED & "ATTEMPTED FELONIES ‘Formal Crimes or Crimes of Effect ‘Tose ae felonies wc bya single ect of the accused TieStramats he oon ab mater of law (2. physical jas, acts of lascousness,aompted gt 10 an ‘Sry country, coercion, slander, legal exaton). Matra crimes ‘These ero eimes which invote the toe stages of saute. ‘tages of execution: (doas NOT ary to efmas under Shamir ve unless tnerwee provided, rites, by ‘omsslon, and forma cimes) 1. consummated felony ‘en all he olrents necessary fo ‘zxompletnont ae present 2. Frustrated Felony ‘Boments: ts exciton 2nd re Rape, ance tho gravaren of te offenses cama nowdge, hence, 80. matter tow sight he pra, the flor sconsurmate, o ndrect Grier, because its comeited by acconthg fs offered to the pubic ofeer by reason of Nis ‘tice It he does nt accept he does not comma tne, he coop, tis coneunmated ¢ Deest Erber. G"Sompton of Puble Offer, because the offense Toque the concurerce fie wl ofboth partes, ‘inh a that whon roofers accepted, the ofonss {Beorsunmated. But whon te ofr rejected, tho ‘lors is merely atlenpts. ce ndutery, because te essence of the crime is ‘sexual congress 22 san Bepa Courct or Law 2013 Commatuen bax Orerarons ft. PhyslalInjun, siooe cannot be dettmined notes tbe inry wl be sight. fess Sefous, © ‘ereus unless and unl consummate. 9. Trot becaise the uniewt taking Inmediatly orsimmaes th oflense end the dspeeion of the ‘ings not n lament eet. 2. Altompted Felony Elements: tthe fender commences the conmisson of the felony crt by overt 9: 1: He coos not parton ae acs of erzcuton wich shou prods te ony, c. Me font stopped by nis own spontaneous sestsance nd 4. The nomperfrmance of al acs of exceuton was {du to a cause or arisen oer tan the ofenders fin 9 othe ie of desistance Jit case of People ve. Lamahng, Arlo Lamaheng ‘was caught opening wih an ion bar awa ofa stare of ‘Shap goods n Funes 8 lll. He broke one Boa ‘Sod was vrfasteing another when a paling pce ha. Ovmers of he so were sleeping ide ‘tor as twas eal dam. ‘Te attr to coniit an ofense which the Penal Cte punishes is tet which fas a logical ean © & parce, concrete ofnso; at, which te binning Grito exoovton of the oflnse by overt acts of the erpevator, fading decty to ts reatation and oreummaton. The atlapt corm an indeterminate ‘flerse, inasmuch 26s nabre in raion 1 Is| >> D> > ctettve Is ambiguous, 5 not 2 ural fact tom the ‘Standpott ofthe Penal Code. There sno doubt fat in the case & barf as the Intention of he accused 1 tent Tan YUs stow by maans of videnco, passing {rough the opening which he had started to make on ‘ewan oder to commit an ofens wich, de he fenwy aval of polcenan Toramting, di nt davon yond te rt Stops Fs exocuton, Dosistanco {ts an abeouory cause which negates criminal abity causa the lw encourages a porson 10 desk fom commiting acne. Note: The spontaneous desstance of the otro negates onthe atamoted stage but vt recessaly a ‘mina edit. fe desstance was made wren acts ‘ane by Pin aoady resuted 02 oon. that aod wl be cal Hable fre felony tought about by his ct (Orege, 2009). ‘nds of Desistance ena Poems nes ‘Two Stages in the Development ofa Crime: ‘evel a ‘a Sich a6 mere houghs oF ideas In the mind of person. Not punishable. 2, Edom acs cover ‘a. Propartory acts ~ ocinaly not punished except ‘when considered bylaw 2 Independent crimes (6.9, ‘at 204, Possession of pcslocks ad snr oo) fats of Execution - punishable under he FEC. ‘Altempted stage Iman the commencement of te sitjectve phase, 1 nos not 6 stoppod but contouas unt he performs Tho last cis sated, Frustrated stage tis tho en oreo andthe tart oe coctive phase Objective Phase urderHomicideParicldainfanticde (RHP: 4. Wih intent tk but po moral wound is lcted — atengte, 2h nent tA, and. mora! wound Is ics but tn does nat i uta. 8. The moment vm dis, nent Klis concusvly presumed ~ consummate, ‘Rules on crimes agsinst persons (MHP!) and stages of cee bine ne Goes re Hal [ee | Met | commas. | Yo | re rsa ve) | atraa San moa CousceorLaw 19 2013 Cente Bax OPEAAnION‘i te ot ne the male orgn no mater how sight r super. Instances where thr is tied ep: 2: Whon to stat of he victim Pas Been ited no mater In atomplod rape, there is the nist to have’ cama krowedge ot saxualintreouse Ina of ascviusness thor one. ‘There is NO crime of tustratd rape, ony fsa raplt, The caso of Poop 1s. Efe was an exception ‘Shoo tho wm was on 3 years ot ‘Examples of Common Crimes and their Stages of Executlon: © San BioA Cousstor aw, 2013 Comal Bax Oreranons FX rT pe ARTICLE 7 LUGHT FELONES Light Felonies ‘These a thse Inactons of law forthe commision of wich te penay of eestomenar or fe not exceeding 200 pesos, or bth, & provided (9, par 3. General Rule: Light felonies are purishable ony whan they have Boon consummated Reason: They produce. tight. insignteant moral and maloral ljures that pubic conscience i sated wih providing 2 ight poral for thelr consummation. I theyare rot consummated the wrong done ie 20 sight tat ther Is 90 need of provdng & pera at a (Abert) (Reyes 2006,p. 120. Excoplon: i commited against persons or propery, [punishete even fated or rusate, _ penipposee mot Snr In tscepton win tepat cires against pasos ‘nly toca tts ony aay spas, porane it psc te chs ek Bc anop const 1. Tn excerin con app however atom or ‘raed at Voir oport prope BUT ey Pica an cones a ety a ‘Boston one “Ugh Felonies under RP: (STA io cds 265) os 2 Toate 98 pr 08) ¥ ten be vl of ing sn sd it commune ‘4 Matcous misc (A 78, px 3: AS ‘nen te value of the damago dos |] tence pesos o cannot be estate } 5 Imig against honor (At. 364) Noe: For ght tories, te ony oned able ae the penpals ant accomysces. ‘General Rule: Mere conspiracy or propcal to comit a ‘econy 1s not punishable since they © ony. propery a Excoption: Incase In which to law specialy proves @ ena thera Conspiracy | Tlexts when tuo or more persons come oan conceming the commision of 8 fly and decile 0 Aaroement maybe oral or win, express or ipl. ‘Requisite of Conspiracy: 1. That 2ormore parsons came tan agreement 2 Thal the agrearnt porns tothe commision of @ felony and 3. That the execution fhe felony was ected upon, There must be paripston wt 9 crinalresoluton because singe knowedge there! bya peron may ny make him lsbie as an scoonpice (Pope ws. Comeeha, GR. No. 153559, June 6, 2008, The law spcialysrovies pera for more conspiracy: (Under RPC) TICS 4. Treason, (at 115) 2 Rebation, Art 196) ‘3. nsurecton, ar. 136) 4 Goupa eat, (Art. 138) 5 Seaton, (rt. 143) 6. Menopois and comtinasonsinresait of rade. (At 108) (Under spec ows) 4. Esponoge, ARTICLE AUSTIFYING CIRCUMSTANCES stiying Circumstances ‘Those where the act of 2 porson is said to be in accordance wih law, $0 tha such parson deemed not {have warsgrsood the foward oo fom bat) xinina and cl ably. Theo Isr ct laity, axoopt In par. 4 o¢-At th whare te ov lby fs bone by te eons benefited byte act ‘An afiemabve deters, Hence, te burden of poo {he scrused who must prove It by Clear ad Son entero. Ther both NO crime an NO criminal ‘Subjects of SoitDetonse: (PRPH) {Defense of Person Defense o its © Doors of 1. Detonse of Honor What s important ts not the duay of the stack but whiner he means employed sresonanoto prevent he tack Sell Dstnse is antl because Impulse of st preservation: ‘SAN Beoa CourctorLaw 37 2013 Cova BAt Oresanonstite cannot prio protectin for each of Is constr. ‘Stand ground when in the right Sho i does rt requte parson to retest when is ‘peatant's rapidyedvecing upon him wit 8 deadly weapon Reason: He res the rk of being ataced inthe back by. the anoestr. suttos: (URL) {.riawul aggression (cndtn sin qv ro Kings of aggression: alow inte exercise of aright {Linh tltinent ofa duty i. Uriaet 2. ensonable necossty of he means employed 10 revert oF repel E(t by a peace oftr,reasonatig fococsty. of he means ‘onAgyed 10 areca exsterce. The danger Ison tho pot of happening. It snot requred tat he atack ready begs, fort may be too at. «6. Muet come trom the porsn tacked bythe acosed. ‘No. unlowidl aggression when tere was an ‘agreement ght. ‘Te chalonge oft must be accepted But aggression which is ahead of splated tne apace i una 6. Nok merely oral reas or treaterng stance or ‘cused may De consdored in determining te ‘xstnos of unizful aggression Eg. ere eat elon even K the aggressor used a toy un, provided that te aocused beloved lo be 8 real en 48 Say BeDA Courct oF LAW $013 Cevaiaeo Bax Oreeanions EE € GE Reasonable necessity ofthe means employed ‘uimtes two elements, necessity forthe couse of actin and neceesly of te means employed, which Should be reasonable. 2. ceteminng reasonable mea, some fects ee to be considered such a: (PINES) as been exposed 0; «Mature and quay of the weapon used by the aotused. compared to te weapon, of Be aggression 6, feted by the atc of St preervatin, 6. Be andor physieal charactor of tho aggressor Under Repube Act 9262, kaown as the Ant Violence against Women and ther Children Act of 2006: Vibtmeurmior wo are found by the cours to be ‘sflrng fom Batered Woman Syd do not incur ‘ny crm orc Heit notwithstanding he absence of ‘ny ofthe eloments for hstyng crcunstancas of sot‘defense under be RPC. (Sec. 26, R.A. No. 9262) The {aw provides for an adctoal using crcustance. Battered Woman Syndrome Its 2 eeieicaly detped pattem of psychological ant tehavioral sympions found in women livng in batereg Felatonetps as a esl of cunulavo abuse, of violence” has three phases: (TAT) “~The Tesion bulking pase: 2 The Ae baton ident 3 The Tranqu, loveg (or at ast non-violent) pase (Poop v. Gonose GR No. 135081, Janay 15, 2004) Four characteristic of he syndrome: {The woman dolves tat he vlerce was nt aut, 2 She has an Inbilly 10 place the responsi for the Defense of property should te coupe wi danger oho person dtendng onese Were is no danger to the arson o¢ the parsons Me or mb, defense of property Eznnot be invokes. Par. 2, Defense of Relatives. Requistos: 4. Unlawful aggression; 2. Reaconabe necesly of the means employed to prevent or reel. and 13. In cave the roveation was-gien by the person attack, the one making the defense had ro pert ‘haren, fede tt canbe dnc ADEA 2 Besdais 3. Descendants ' Loptnate, natal or adopted Brothers and Sisters, or relates by any into sare Copreas. Death of he ‘Spouse leinas to relatont by ay. 5. Relates by Coneangulnly witin te fourth cM ‘gree ‘Te fat thatthe tlave defended gave provocation fe inmates ‘Tere sno ston nfo Revises Penal Coe whether the descendant shoul te litmate or legate when the lan dos ot singh the courts cannot dstnguish ustifction: Is found not oly upon a humantxtan ‘sentiment, but also upen De impulse of blood which impals men to rsh, on te occasion of great pert, tothe ‘sou o tage eos othe by Bes of Boas, raotametsonay 3 4 4 15 ‘not nudes inthe enumeraion of 2a Tt Inctides: injury 10 persons. ant ng Ne common aw spouts oF adopted Motives relevant ont ints kind of dense. “Justication: The onary person would not stand ly by ‘and see his companion Kile wihoutetompting to save nee Par. 4 Avoidance of greater evo ijury State of Necessity ‘Atcle 1, ar 4~ offender debate caused damage. ‘Ate 12, par. 4~ofender accidently caused damage, Roguisios: (EN) 4, Tha te sought to be avoided actualy ext: 2. That ho uy feared be greater than that done to voi and Sau Beoacousceor law 19 ‘2013. COMTALEED BAK OPERATIONSCRE CGE CK 3. There be ne ober paccal and less harm mans of provering Its onlin this par, thatthe person defending tims Trews ev labay, sae genera inthis ace there mo ei Fabio tho pr of tbe accused, Such Sebi fs ‘ome by te person beefed. ‘Grater ev must ot be brought about by te negigince ‘rmprdence or vlan ofa by thea. ‘The damage causod by the accused inthe sito of rpoossty here is delberta, whl that in ar. of At 12's acidontay caused Regalo, 2008, pon. ar. 5 Flfllment of duty or ew ful exercise of right or People ve. Dota (46 Pil 738, 1922) 5 Cr acpod tee preon whe sori ‘rder the obgaton i suender, and ‘vad be sence of fis sntonce to cong Gobodence wih “2 weapon on hs ‘competed te | ‘b rsot 1 ‘poceman moans, which aeugh proved to be ft Dy the croumetances. =4Qq ‘The shoting by pooner quarts of escapng piconens ay tes. ‘A securty guard who shot @ tet who refused fo Surender ot jst, “The executor of death const atthe Bid Prison carat te ble for murder forth exocuttonsperormed by tim Because he was Mardy acing In lawl enercse of his 29 gay Bend Cousoe oF Law 2013 Commauto Bak OrexaTIONS ‘The sctual invasion of propery may consist of Yee porn, eg. the wie ofthe aozused San Broa Cousot or Law | 23 2013 centeamto Bat OrteaniontInsuporble cause Its some meave which has kf, meray because twas physically mposs the child (Poop ve Bandon, 63 PL 830, 1996). “The severe zines and extreme doby of the woman const at nsperatle cause Base: Lack of tok ‘Absolutory Causes “Those wher he 2 comnts 9 crime bu for reasons of pute polky and senmen, there 16 10 penaly ing oF 2 TN person, or for the purpose of frovntdspesonta dO wt he ow commande 2 serous ham thane, be oxrpais of he FP Net It eppstofeoras by omission, lements: (RF) 4 That an ct required bylaw to be done; 2 That peron fal to pertorm such act and 13 Thal he fur to portrm such acl was de t some lawful or insiperable cause. Examples: ‘The munkipal president detained the offended party for thre days because t take Ni to the nearest jstee of the paace roqured ajumy for tree day by boat as there was no other means of tansporaion (US 16, Viento, 19 hi £18, 911), 26 saeBtDA Cousot oF Law 2013 Cuteaueo Bax Oretanons ondarng some service fo humanky or ste, when fnteng clos, taverns, Ine and oter publ houses, ‘whl te same are open (Art 280, par 2) ‘8, Mariage of te ofondor and the ofended pary in cases of saduclon, abduction, ats of lscivousness Entrapment is NOT an sbsoldory cause. A buybust ‘operedon conduc Ir conacton wih Wega dy ‘elated fences ig ator of enapment,commissen of he te and suggests © the azeysed wo ‘opts He idea and ares Jt in See “The. tawerfocer =r conceives the 13 of RPC, ars. 68, 69 and 64 of RPC. ‘tle 64 soples generic aggravating | the penalty by one or reumtance) wl | wo dyes porto to have He enaly imgosed at #5 minimum per, Brovied te penaly [Eachisbie on. S85 A Scone ain ramames of nce sed ‘greater evil or injury” ~ If any of the last two requites (6, nur feared be greater than that 10 void or ef be no otter praca and less ham ‘oars of prventing 1) ‘s"incomplte justifying circumstance of performance ‘of duty" ~ In People ve. Oars, when one of the MO Feauisites under par. 5 of Ar. 1 was presen. Arce 69 was apple. Thus, when the stig or exompng Cireumstance has two requses only, X sens that there is no onary miigang ckeunstance ths ‘cose but a priveged miigating creumstance. 4, “Incomplete justifying circumstance of obedience ‘to-an order” The order must aways be fom supers. 5. “incomplete exempting circumstance of minorty ‘over 9 and under 15 years of age” a minor who Santbcoa Course or aw 25 2013 CINTHALIED Bat OreRATONS 2s 10 whether oF not the provocation 6 suficlnt pends upon: 6 The act constutg the provocation, Tho soc standing of he person provoked, The place and me when th prevocston s made 2. must aria fromthe ofended party: | 8 The provocaton mist be personal and drected t he accused, and © 4 That the provocation must be immed othe act. oF ‘he commision oe crime “The trot should not be ofesive and potiely song. ‘erie, the threat st real nurs an Unaut ‘aggression, which may gv ico st. dotonso. ‘The laity of tho accused is mig ony neo as It Soncems the harm ited vpn the parson who mace the provocation, But ot wih regard othe oer victims ‘iho. did not paricoate in the. provocaton (US. Matoanan, 9 Phil 252) > 3 Basis: Diminuton of inetigence end es ere creumetnce Stnmadiao’ atows for a lapse of tine a6 long 2s the fender is stil suflemg om the mental agony bought cut bythe alense tn. “Grave offense” incutes any act at is offense 1 he fender or fis tutes and the same nod rot be ant ‘he grave offense must te the proximate cause oF roxenat toe ac of ho offender, SAN BEO Semel ZOLL EG: Wien the aggrestion in rttaton for an si injury or treat the offender cant sucosstaly clam st-datenes but he can be given the benefit of he. mipatng Counstance of under the provsone of paragraph, Atle 13. Provocaton mus be Inmate tothe ‘commision othe cre. Factors to determine gravy of affense In vinsication: 4. Soca stndng of be porsan 2 Pics 53 Time when e insu was made ‘Basie: Dinnuton of te coon o volumes, Par. 6. Passion or obfuscation Requists: {Thal here bo an ct oth unouful and suet to ‘rosuco such a condon of mid 2-~ That said act which produced te obtuscaton was nat “fr romoved tom tte comission of he cme by 2 és of ine, dying. wich the cove is nomal equa, nd ‘Sih obtscaton wae came by © Ge Toot te wi dein ey stn to y from causes existing only in the honest pected pay must bo union or ust. . ao Mtv ay La oer Seas pans at obtican SS “is mitgating ckeumstance may be apprcitd even it ‘he reported act causing the obfuscation was ol Woo, 26 long as Kt was honesty and reasonably bolewet by the mst be ower that paturaly The impuse Produced by an impuse | The provocstion must ‘wn may be cased by | come "om he inked provocaon leary. SY saupipa CourceorLaw 77 2018 Cenmaunto Ban OFEEATONS1 obfuscation and provcaion arose fom one and ‘he samo act bo shall be Weated 35 only One oes ot valve physi fore. Passion or obtains | Must come fom @ Bi inthe tender meat | person Must aree fom lawl | i ul sentments, Passion and obfuscation. CANNOT co-xiet with: Wen) 1. Yioicaton of grave ofense 28 sandeoa Courct ortaw. 2013 Conreauzeo ar Oretanons agent. 2, Voluntary confession of gut efor the court ror to ‘he presentation of evidence fr te prosecten too ae presen, ree wil be to independent rnary rmtigaing creumstances. Requites of vokintary surrender: MSV) {Tal fe offer ag Not been actualy aresto ocestarly inured in is Search ad cape 8. The conduct of he accused etemines he spentanety Tura, GR. No. 29118, Fo 28, 1974) 7. Surender of weapons canrat be equatod wih voluntary surrender.eauisites of voluntary pla of gully: (S0PO) hat he oflender spotarecusly cvessoa hs gut 2. Tha he cortesson of gu was mado in gpon cout, that bere the competent cout Bat i ty the 13. Tat the conesson of gult-was mae prior © te rsenfaton of evidence for to prosoculor, and 4 That corfssion of gut was foe ofone charged = ne iefomaton [7 Plea of guy's not mtgaing in culpable ones an in ‘comes punished by spec ans. hr ne orga tomato hearse pas ot gua, bt he pleaded guy oe arondes infomation + Brmslored vuray ple of gay and coiaed a Itgaing ereunstaoe People vs. Ore, GR. ND. L- {8545 Now 28,1968) Basis: Lesser perversty of olen. Par. Physical defect of : When ihe cen is deat and du, ‘iteing from some piysial eect. ise ‘ot ton, tones or comeuricatn wh eis. ‘The physical detect mist rl fo ho ofSRconmip. (Eg. bnaess coos nol mips ella. SC "Dama — lacking the joer oftuman “This_paragraph does not_ distinguish we. ‘educated and uneducated person with psa dew oda aware >) SELLE) D> Par. 10, Siniar or Analogous Circumstances Examples: {Impulse of jxousy, seer to passion and obtain, 2. Mantesanons of Baterod Wie Syndr, enlogous to an less that dmnishes the arse ofl power. ‘8. Over 60 years od wih fling sgh, sar fo over 70 oa of age unde par. 2. 4: The acto he accused leading te aw enforcers fo the pave were he buried the Inuments he used to Sammi he eres srt votrary surendr. 5, Exreme poverty, 05 sila to a stato of nocoscty, which may oppo crimes against property bt not of olence sch as murder. 6. Outaged fooing of unpsit creditor, a5 akin wo ‘indeaton or obtiscation. 1, Repeal 10 the esprit de comps of the accused, as ‘analogous to passion, 8, Wartime. sie of ontusion resuting in Megat not frearm stir the Woeaton, being “Silat lck of tent to comm so grave a wrong. nds malversed by the acne, 08 suender. prosecuton witout bing dechared ‘rome 2 alg thea plea ot guy ic migating Circumstances Zs Basis: Diminution of freedom’ of axtion, thereigg® “tp ilegal detention (voluntary release within 3 days; ‘Sminiton of vounarness. Par.8. ness ofthe offender Requsites: That te Hnss of the ofleer must diinsh the corse of is wi power ard 2, That such Mness shoud not deprive the offender of ‘conecousness of Mis ats. Incudes nes ofthe ind rt aren ors. ‘Woptomania, feoblaindedness, mistaken ele tat ‘log wices was fo pubic good ane less of nerves or tora fecuty may” be considered as mivgatng ‘eamstanoes under tis subparagraph Basie: Dminuton of tigers and rent. witout sttanirg purpose; belo ciina acon) 2. iter (Boanderment of spouse) 3. Infenioielaboran (nient to conceal dstonar of moter) cHapTER FOUR (CIRCUMSTANCES WHICH AGGRAVATE ‘CRIMINAL LIABILITY ‘Aggravatng Circumstances Tose whic, If atlndant nthe commission of chime, ‘seve io have the penaly imposed ints manum period provides by lau orto oflense x change the raze of Be crime Basis: Greater perversity ofthe cflender mandested In ‘he commasion ofthe felony as shown by 4 The tating power se, 2.The ple ofthe commision Saw Broa Coutctor Law 22 2013 Cevmeaun Bax OPeAATIONS(GE 2. The means and ways employed: 4 Thong or 5. The perconal choumstances of the fender, or the fended pay. Kings of aggravating cumstances: 1. Gener = those that can generaly2poy to al cies ‘ound under subparagraphs 1,23 (welirg), 486, 8, 40, 44,18, 19,20 exept by means of motor vehicle” 1) 2. Advantage taken of pb poston: 1 Contempt ornsuit of pubic autor, ©. Grme commited inthe waling oe oferded paty: 4, Aso confidence or cbvous ungrataness: (Pace and place of commission ot ctense; Nghtime, uninhabited place, band, ‘Resi Ss .Tessery in crimes aainetporsors: Gigonn ncimesqanatcasay, a8 €@. Croty in crmes ape! peor 3. Quatying ~ tose tat charg he nature of ho rine. cumstances which qually tho kl oa porson aver. 4. tanerent ~ tose which of necessly accompany the commision of he cre, threo net constr In Increasing tbe penalty to be imposed, such as: ‘2 Event premediaion in rotbery, Get, eda ‘citer and eoreubinage (CRATE), 'b, Abuse of pubic ofe in ren, Braking of @ wal or uiaul erty iro hea in robbery wit the use offre upon Bing 4.Fraudin estat 2. Deca sinple seduction; {lgrominy nape. 3 say atoa Cousce of Law 2013 Conteaimen Bat Orenanons 65. Special ~ tose whieh aise under special conditions to Increase th penalty of to ofense and cannot be set by migeingcreomstarces, ich es: ‘2 Quastrecvsm (A160) 3. Compe comes (448) Erorin personas (A 49) <4 Tatngadvartnge of publ postion ard membership wm optioned cine op Pe 1 At Uso of unicnsad frearin in homie o murda. San) Cai ae fe reumstances shal not be epprectad It tea cme speci punishable by tw, included by the twin detrig a crime and prescrbing a pnaly erie. Example: “That he cme be commited by means of fre, expsion’ (At 14, par. 12) 16 se a ce of ‘son (at 221) 2 The same rue shal’ apply with respect > any giravaing creumstance inert inthe crime such 2 ogres that K must of nocessty accompany the ‘commission eect at 62, pac 2) ‘Example: Event remediation i inteent in thet, robbery, esata, dry and concubinge 8. Aggravating cecumstances which arise: ‘a From the moral ates of the lente ot ©. From tis private eatin wt tbe ofended party; or (¢ From. any personal cause, shall only seve to aggravate te bly ofthe principals, aocomplees ‘ad ccossones as fo whom sueh cleumanessfr_attondant (At. 62, par. 3) even 1 there was conspiracy GF ja sarc ona Sere ees tore sop! earn ome rea aly toa pena eure Eorarsnana teem soc oenare Sant cso Exception: When thee is root of conspy ia wh case the at of ono is deed to be haa of ‘,regerdoss of lack of knowedge of to fac Conctng the crcumetance (At 62 par. 4) Aegravating cecumstances, rogariess of 8 nd, ‘shoul be specicaly aleged Inthe inlomaton AND ‘rove as fly asthe cng Iselin order to inrease ‘ho peal. (Sec: 9, Rule 110, 2000 Rules of Comat 2. By te means Used to secure the commision of Be nme, -Aplcable oly when the cnders pub fer ‘Asa moans by which he reales hs purpose, the pubic ‘fcr must ue: (PA) ‘tcarmot be thon ito consieration in ofones whare taking advantage offal poston fan integral element olacine, Example: Mavorsaton under Art 217 ‘There must be detbeate intent o use the IPA tus when coupled wih cumstances whore int lackg (2, the crime was aterdant Of nepigerce, passion ot eG chews ae oo weal (People v. Legaspi, G.R. Nos. 436164-65, April 20, oe ale vie tha is ne tenon a ops nnwe coo shone Sao somcig ute a ARTICLE 44 q corns ons © Par, 4.That advantage be taken by te of his | Papo’ oi is rete ona he oor stow ¢ Ldn 41 By the means of personal circumstance ofthe offended” > EL > a > cobtuscalon, videalon, 0 sufcent provocation) this ‘29graveng chounetance cana be appre (ts alo inhorentin the caso of acessories under Art 19, ar. 3 (hatbring, conceaing, oF asising nthe escape of ‘be pencil ofthe cme). and in crimes conieg by pubic ofteers (Ars 204-245), RA 7658 provides that cimes commitos by a pute ‘fier wile gente penalty presebed tis maximum, regaraless of the natura and number of mligatng reumstances. Par. 2.That the crime be commited in contempt of or with ingut othe public authors. Basis: Geter pavers ofthe olendor as shown by his: lack of respect forthe puble autos. Rests: ExoP) 1. That fp arty is engaged inte execs of SAN BROW he pl ‘Krowedge tat a public author is presenti essential. Lack of such knowlege Indestes lack of Inenon 13 Insult the pbc autor crime commits is against he pubic aor when ‘he portance of his du, the oender commis direct _ssaul wihou tis aggravating cecumstance. ar, 3.That the act be commited: 4. Wit insult or In disregard ofthe respect due the ‘offended patyon account of is. ‘rank, age or 2. That tbe committed inthe dweling of the offended ary, the latter has not given provocation. ‘Basis: Grecter panera ofthe ofender a shown by: {personal cumstances ofthe ofended ary and San eon Cousceortaw 31 ‘2013 Comauteo Bat OresanonsRank of te tfences a the otonded oo ee i wang wor was shot. ‘Dwoling fs not ncaed in the quaying creumstonce of the commission of the crime in Note: The Code speaks of wating’ NOT comic Meaning of provocation In ecumetance of vain the aggravating Dwreting must be buldlag or struts, EXCLUSIVELY USED FOR REST AND COMFORT. A “combina ofa house fand a sor" of a mara stl wher he vou sloptis not ‘avon, ‘Dwele cludes dopondonce, te foot ofthe staase ‘and enclosure under Be house. ‘Te sogravatng crourstance’ of dueling requies that ‘he came bo wholy or pay commited there orn any Integral par thereat 32 san eon Cousct oF Law 2013 Cowraineo Ban OreAATONS ‘The provocation must be: (6S) 4. Glen by be over of he dueling, 2 Sumo, na 3. Irnmosizto tote cormisson ofthe crime. 1 at ese confvons. are present, fs NOT an aggravaing teumatanc. ‘Te provocation must also have a close relation io the commision ofthe rine inte dwg, Reason: When tis the offended party who has provoked the Incident he ses. Ns righ to tho respect and considoraon due hm nis own house.‘pweling is NOT aggravating in the following cases: Pinon bot the onder ard the ofonded party are ‘ocauants ofthe sare house. xeoption: Incase ot uli lathe coral dueling, te sare ie angravetng. However, he paramour also Gwois. in fe. conigal dveling, he applcabie ‘Soeravating cheumstnce i abuso of comiderce. Wen robber commited by the use of force upon ‘ings, sweling Is not aggravating because it ‘rnorent. 2x wong Is aggravating io robbery wih vaknoe © agaist o nmin of parsons because ts class of ery can be commited witout the necessy of ‘Pesposln tho cant of to oflonded pat’ house | nthe crime of wespass to dwong, its nhorent or Finlay law noting the cine. “ayinen te owner of be dweting gave silent ang Immediate provocation, The ici nota dale fo Bee: AN Bi Par. That the act be commited with VI, COL LL ECE {Abuse of contidence oF 2 Obvious ungratetanss. &% f ra. ‘Basis: Greater perversity of the offender by he ‘moans ane ways enor Far. 4 provides two aggravating cl present in tho same case must be moped. of stuse of confidence: (TAF) 4 hat he ofended pary had Trastod the oender, 2, That the offender Aausod sich bust by Comming 8 ‘cme agent the fence pay, That the stuse of comdonce Fecitated the commision tne care, S wien iy The confidence betwen the ofender andthe otended ‘ary must be immediate and persona. Us ota mere baal of trust, snco th otended party ‘ust be the one ho actualy reposed Nis consenco it «Me ofender. "Not: Abuse of conferees inherent i: (STEM) ‘2. qualified goduton (337 3 qualtea rot (310) € gstalaby conversion of misappropriation (At 315), and | maversaton/At. 217) >> LL > > Requisites of obvious ungatefuness: (TAQU) |. Thal the ofended party had usted he offender, 2.That the oflenderabusoa such tus by commiting a time against the ofonded pry. |3.That he ac bo commited wth gbvious unratatuess. ‘The ungrattnesscontemiaiod by par. 4 must be such vous, ler and manfosigrattid on the part of the cise. Par That the crite be commited: ‘Vin the palace ofthe Chel Executive, or 2. inbis presence, or 3. Whore. public authorities are engaged in the discharge of thee duties, or 4, Ina place dedicated to religious worship. Basis: Greater perversity of th fender as shown by the place of Be commission ofthe cre, which must be respected. Mast bo ds ible rlgious worship; pale fat et OF Law ‘Peepo v (1 Pri. 174,162) ~ ere ust bo ono the place dedicated 1 public ‘eijous Wahlen hol tld worship regu in sid pac, {orto third which request oft functions ‘3 beng parormod at be tne of te commission of he ino, te other places mertoned a agaravating pe se fren no ofl dues or as of egleUs Worship bag conducted tore, ‘Cemeteries are not considered as place dedicated to the worship of God ‘Offend ust have intention to commit rm when ho centered te place. ‘Anelectors precinct or poling lace dung ection day 6 ‘2 ylace “where pubic: auborsies are engaged inthe ‘Gscharge of ter tes” SAnBeoa Cousstor Law 38 2013 Coma Bak OFeRATIONShee eer i Paine rel de petmecr ct rer as Not applicable whon the miigatng : passion or obfuscafon or suflert nee ‘rosea n the commsson of he im. Wen nighttine, uninhabited place 2B aggravating: Myon I fectafed the commission ofthe crime (objeto) or 2. Winn especialy sought fr bythe ofender to insure the commison of the cine o or the purpose of impunity (subjective); oF 8. When a oflendor took advantage threo forthe rose of impunity (subject. ‘Thal pad of aaness oginig at ond of sk ‘and ending at dawn. Nighi ar fom suneot tou, Gd Cer) 24 San Btpa Cousceor Law 2013 Contes BAK Oreearions eid ren) 2 began at dayre. The commision of soul begin and end at nightie se tetas taos ay Exception: Whero bo the Weacherous mode of tack land nocturty wore deberaiy decléed upon i tho Samo case, they can be consiered separa sich Crcumtances have der fatal bases. People ‘s. Borlda (GR. No. 120183 June 20, 1966) the Supreme Cout rod that “nasmach asthe beachory Conde ne fat that veins hands were ted the hme they wore beaten, the creumsionce of ‘ightime is rot abeored In Weachery, bu can be Doretod dint thereon, sco te Weary rests ‘pon an independent facts basis. A special case ‘oreo I present © wich ene that nightie Is absorbed In teacher does. no apy” 2. Uniohabited place ‘The detrmiing factor for the existence of is Creastance ls he reasonable posibiry of the victim recelveg 0” securing a from rd persons,