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MISCELLANEOUS PAPER GL-85-27


6
RELIABILITY OF THE FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT
DESIGN MODEL
by
John C. Potter
Geotechnical Laboratory

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY


Waterways Experiment Station, Corps of Engineers
PO Box 631, Vicksburg, Mississippi 39180-0631

September 1985
Final Report
Approved For Public Release, Distribution Unlimited

for DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY


Prepared
Assistant Secretary of the Army (R&D)
Washington, DC 20315
Under lLlR Project No. 4A161101A9'lD,
Task 02, Work Unit 160
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Table 2

Selected CBR fallure Data (After Cooksev and Ladcl 1971.)

A88eEb.lt Tlre
Wheel Spaclng Load Contact Thlcknese above Coverages at
Source Type Asseoblv ln. klpe Area, sq ln. Subgrade, ln. CBR FaLlure
wEs (1950) SLnSIe 30 150 12.0 14.0 216
30 r50 r2.0 7,0 t78
30 r50 r2.0 6.0 203

wEs (1962) Slngle l0 91 5.0 5.0 40

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c8B
TIRE PRESSURE
LEGEND
o N.NFA,LUR.. r,o*i6iliic.s ANo AsovE
a NoNFATLUAES t.m0 TO 2.@o covERAGES
d NoNFAILURES BELow I,o@ covEBAGEs
a : FATLUFS
l BoRoERLTN, /."^ \
GRApHrcALMoDtFtcATtoNTocBREoUATloN >0.221
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Flgure I. Curve frou CBR fomula conpared to behavlor data (after LrES 1959a)
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. L.at-ib -
a,r(L'\ L^ 6'V?+757
' pel x1'8 I+zs7
o
I

l.a

usEl -/
d
tr'
o
ts
o
'23fi r*teY
"---
-4
0.8

-e=El?o
I
!F
c 0.6
E
"
o
"Y -
o o
J
0.4
-/k
o
FAILURE DATA

O SIN6L WHEEI
o,2 A
o TWIN TANOEM
t I2-WHEEL

0
,,i , ,

too tO! tOz tO3 tO.


AIBCRAFT IFAFFIC VOLUM FACTOR. PASSES

Flgure 3. CoDposlte plot of load rpetltlon factors versus Passes


(afrr Ahlvln er a1. 1971)

Uot. '.Yott.-s ".-f e-o'r-<t 'or* I


REGAESSION EOUATION

7
0.00t 0.01 0.t
C8R/P

Flgure 4. CrEparl.sbn of the CBR curve and the rgresslon equatlon by Ahlvln et 81. (1971)

I I I I tl I I I rr l r I I ltt I I I ilt
.t **) [
Eg\/L
.^, tl BES

i;!&x,,
d
rrut;tS -iES!{JL'
*r.J !

d o.8o
o
F .- l1n:.1
zo
ITT; EsWL
0.60
E t2
F

o
< 0.40

roo toj to2 t03 10' to5


' COVERAGES

Flgure 5. Flexible paveEent thlckness adjustbent cunea for varlous landlng gears
(after Cooksey and Ladd r971)
I I r r I I tl r I r I I I lt

'4 a

/
tt

7q / I I I I I r rr I I I I J I nd
0.oor 0.0r 0.10
C8 R/P

Flgure 5. Conplete t/oG versus cBR/p

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