Names Characters:

Alvarado Crdova Candelario Geologist

Colorado Torres Luis Alberto: Laboratory worker Chief
Crdova Aguilar Maria Jos Driller
Gaspar Bautista Aurelio Rig Manager
Prats Prez Karla Valeria Mud Engineer

Introduction
In this Sketch, we will talk about this type of drilling, which is used to reduce the damage
to the formation, eliminates risks of differential bonding due to the use of fluids with low
density.
In underbalanced drilling (UBD), the hydrostatic head of the drilling fluid is intentionally
designed to be lower than the pressure of the formations that are being drilled. The
hydrostatic head of the fluid may naturally be less than the formation pressure, or it can
be induced by adding different substances to the liquid phase of the drilling fluid, such as:
Nitrogen, Air or Natural gas.
Whether the underbalanced status is induced or natural, the result may be an influx of
formation fluids that must be circulated from the well, and controlled at surface.
Sketch
Colorado: Engineer, I need you to bring me a sample of the mud to the laboratory so I
can examine it.
Karla: I will gladly take you there.
(A few minutes later)
Colorado: Good that you arrived fast, I have been doing several tests and I am noticing
serious changes in the samples that I have taken.
Karla (scared): Is something wrong? Do you need help with something?
Colorado: Yes, we need to bring the whole multidisciplinary team together, we will
discuss it there to reach an agreement.
(The Lab Chief call the whole team)
Cando: What is happening?
Majo: Is there a problem? Before starting, I wanted to comment that I am noticing that
there have been several changes in pressure, a situation that we must analyze urgently.
Cando: Well, according to the studies done at the wellbore and based on planning there
should not be problem in these moments.
Aurelio: I need an explanation now, what is the big problem that we have met?
Majo: Engineer, I am reporting that there is a formation anomaly; there is a dangerously
constant pressure variation.
Colorado: In the samples that I have been analyzing I am finding particles of cutouts
strange to the formation, that dont match with the analyzes that Candelario provided to
us and I found that the density of the fluid is changing.
Aurelio: I have to remind you that we are drilling under balance, here the most important
thing we must take into account are the pressures and the density, so you can not come
and tell me that you have a problem with that when you consider these drawbacks.
Karla: I was present checking the shale shaker and noticed that there were more cuts
than normal, so that I immediately notify the laboratory manager.
Cando (Checking the Survey): Oh, I'm noticing that I misinterpreted a part of the survey,
just to which we're drilling. I noted in my report that the formation was only shale, now I
come to realize that it is a formation of sandy shale, apparently not consolidated so that
is wrong.
Karla: How can it be! If you had paid more attention to interpreting the records, we would
not be in this situation.
Aurelio: Of course Karla, now we have a bigger problem to solve. Candelario, you know
that if we do not take the correct data, our drilling operation will fail partially or totally.
Majo: If you did not understand when analyzing it, you would have called us to help you.
Cando: I'm so sorry! If I had been more careful and asked for help, everything could be
better right now.
Luis: Let's stop mourning, now we need to solve the problem, because also in the studies
showed small particles of CO2 immersed in the analyzed fluid.
Aurelio: You've seen Candelario, the magnitude of the problem you've gotten us into. We
have to resolve this already, before it increases the risk.
Aurelio: Now tell me, what can happen right now?
Majo: A blowout could occur due to changes in pressure. So we need to mobilize to
prevent this happening in great magnitude.
Luis: What if we increase the density in the fluid column?
Karla: No, that's not advisable to do. If you increase the density, you will fracture the
formation.
Cando: Karla is true, if we increase the density in the column, there may be fracture of
the formation. In addition, if we increase the density, there may be a mechanical or
differential bonding.
Majo: As soon as the blowout occurs it is necessary to redirect the flow to the kill line
through the rotary blowout preventer, this will reduce the damage that may occur.
Aurelio: I want to see them working NOW.
(During the Blowout)
** Everyone moves to be able to control the blowout **

Aurelio: Driller, how are the pressures?

Majo: Normal, are already stabilizing.
Karla: Everything is fine here
Cando: At this moment I will review the survey again so that this does not happen again.
Luis: I just did a new analysis of the samples obtained; the problem as we knew was due
to CO2.
Aurelio: I need them to pay more attention to what they do, otherwise the project might
collapse. Candelario, if this happens again, I'll fire you.