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Identification and Measurement


1: Identifying Cap Screw Grades
The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) has created specications that cover chemical and
mechanical requirements for threaded and non-threaded fasteners as are used widely within automotive
and other industries.

The American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) has created specications that cover chemical
and mechanical requirements for fasteners used in engineering applications, such as structural bolts
used in building.

In the overall MRO (Maintenance Repair Operations) market, the wide majority of the hex head cap
screws used are covered by SAE specications. These cap screws are graded by the SAE by strength
levels, and are head-marked to reect the SAE grade and strength (See Table 3.1.1).
20 3: Identication and Measurement: Identifying Cap Screws

Table 3.1.1
Varying cap screw grades, their specications, details, and identifying markings.
Head Tensile Strength
Specications Material Nominal Sizes Rockwell Harness
Markings (PSI)
SAE J429 - Gr. 1 1/4 thru 1-1/2 60,000 B70-100
1/4 thru 3/4 74,000 B80-100
SAE J429 - Gr. 2 Low or Medium 7/8 thru 1-1/2 60,000 B70-100
Carbon Steel
ASTM A307 - Gr. A 1/4 thru 4 60,000 B69-100

ASTM A307 - Gr. B 1/4 thru 4 60,000 B69-95


SAE J429 - Gr. 5 1/4 thru 1 120,000 C25-34
ASTM A449 - Type 1 Medium Carbon over 1 thru 1-1/2 105,000 C19-30
Steel, Quenched
ASTM A449 - Type 1 and Tempered over 1-1/2 thru 3 90,000 B183-B235

Medium Carbon
1/2 thru 1 120,000 C24-35
A325 ASTM A325 - Type 1 Steel, Quenched
over 1 to 1-1/2 105,000 C19-31
and Tempered

SAE J429 - Gr. 8 1/4 thru 1-1/2 150,000 C33-39


Medium Carbon
Alloy Steel,
Quenched and 1/4 thru 2-1/2 150,000 C33-39
ASTM A354 - Gr. BD
Tempered over 2-1/2 to 4 140,000 C31-39

Low Carbon
SAE J429 - Gr. 1 Martensite Steel,
1/4 thru 1 150,000 C33-39
Grade 8.2 Quenched and
Tempered

Medium Carbon
ASTM A490 Alloy Steel, 150,000 min
A490 Type 1 Quenched and
1/2 thru 1-1/2
170,000 max
C33-38
Tempered

Low Carbon
A490 ASTM A490 Martensite Steel, 150,000 min
1/2 thru 1 C33-38
Type 2 Quenched and 170,000 max
Tempered

Atmospheric
Corrosion
ASTM A490 150,000 min
A490 Type 3
Resistant Steel, 1/2 thru 1-1/2
170,000 max
C33-38
Quenched and
Tempered

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