Part One: Footnote Required Word

PART ONE
FOOTNOTE REQUIRED
WORD DEFINITION
Pathogen An agent (or living, single-celled microorganism)

that causes infection or disease, such as a
bacterium, fungus, protozoan, or a virus.)1
Symptom Any subjective evidence of disease; Can be a

physical or mental feature which is regarded as
indicating a condition of disease, particularly
such a feature that is apparent to the patient.2
Transmitted The passing of a pathogen causing communicable

disease from an infected host individual or group
to a particular individual or group, regardless of
whether the other individual was previously
infected.3
Incubation period The time elapsed between exposure to a

pathogenic organism, a chemical, or radiation,
and when symptoms and signs are first apparent.4
Control methods A person, group, event, etc., that is used as a

constant and unchanging standard of comparison
in scientific experimentation. 5
Prevention The action of keeping of or stopping something

(such as an illness or injury) from happening or
arising.6
Epidemiology A branch of medical science that deals with the

incidence, distribution, and control of disease in a
population; The sum of the factors controlling the
presence or absence of a disease or pathogen.7
1
Pathogen 2017, accessed 10 June 2017, <http://www.dictionary.com/browse/pathogen>.
2
Symptom Oxford Dictionaries. Web. 10 Jun 2017 <http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/symptom>.
3
Wikipedia n.d., Transmission (medicine), accessed 10 June 2017, <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_(medicine)>.
4
Incubation Period 2017, accessed 10 June 2017, <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incubation_period>.
5
Control Variable 2017, accessed 10 June 2017, <http://www.dictionary.com/browse/control-variable>.
6
Prevent 2016, accessed 10 June 2017, <http://www.thefreedictionary.com/prevent>.
7
Epidemiology 2017, accessed 10 June 2017, <https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/epidemiology>.
Infectious disease Caused by pathogenic microorganisms, such as
bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi; the diseases
can be spread, directly or indirectly, from one
person to another.8
Prepare summary notes of the following:

1. Identify the pathogen that causes measles
Measles is caused by an infection with the rubeola virus (type of virus called a
paramyxovirus)
Rubeola is the scientific name used for measles
It is an endemic disease - continually present in a community, and many people develop
resistance
Causes systemic infections
2. Outline the symptoms of measles.

(Measles symptoms don't appear until 10 to 14 days after exposure)
Pain areas: muscles
Whole body: fever (can range from mild severe, up to 40.6o C), malaise (general discomfort, illness or lack
of wellbeing), fatigue, or loss of appetite
Skin: red/brownish blotchy skin rash (Maculopapular appears first on the face and hairline, neck and
then spreads to the body e.g. stomach, back, arms and legs), itchy bumps,
Eyes: sore eyes, red eyes (conjunctivitis), inflamed/watery eyes, swollen eyelids, light sensitivity
Mouth/Throat: dry cough, sore throat, white spots inside the mouth (Koplik's spots),
Nasal: runny nose or sneezing
Other: swollen lymph nodes, diarrhoea and/or vomiting
3. Describe the ways the pathogen responsible for measles is transmitted.

Paramyxovirus:
Main route of transmission is via inhalation
All of the paramyxoviruses are transmitted through the respiratory route therefore, they
are highly contagious
Can be spread by coughing or sneezing
A cough or a sneeze can release millions of microbes into the air in
droplets of mucus or saliva which can then infect somebody else if they
breathe in the infected particles
If other people breathe the contaminated air or touch the infected surface, then touch their
eyes, noses, or mouths, they can become infected
4. Identify the incubation period of measles.

The incubation period is approximately 10 days, but varies from 7 to 18 days from
exposure to the onset of fever (usually 14 days until the rash appears)
8
Infectious diseases 2017, accessed 10 June 2017, <http://www.who.int/topics/infectious_diseases/en/>.
5. Describe control methods that may restrict the transmission of measles.
Active vaccination with a live virus vaccine gives long-lasting protection
Passive prophylaxis with measles immunoglobulin is used to prevent disease in
susceptible, exposed individuals
6. Describe three prevention strategies used to stop the spread of measles.

Vaccination with the MMR vaccine (Measles, Mump and Rubella)
Prevalence of Measles has significantly decreased in developed nations with
successful vaccination programs = effective
Vaccine is currently administered in a 2-dose program at 12-15 months and again
at 8-12 years of age
Exclude the person with measles from childcare, preschool, school and work for at least 4
days after the onset of the rash
As it is highly contagious from about four days before to four days after the rash
breaks out, people with measles shouldn't return to activities in which they
interact with other people during this period
Practice hygiene and cleanliness:
Environmental Hygiene: The virus can live on infected surfaces, in the air, or on
objects for up to 2 hours and spreads so easily that people who are not immune
will probably get it when they come close to someone who is infected.
Try to avoid close contact, such as kissing, hugging, or sharing eating utensils or
cups, with people who are sick.
Dont touch your eyes, nose, or mouth. If you need to touch your face, make sure
your hands are clean
Wash hands often however, If soap and water arent available - clean your hands
with hand sanitizer (containing at least 60% alcohol)
7. Identify and describe the role of epidemiology studies when dealing with an infectious disease.
Epidemiology is the study of the prevalence of disease in the community and involves the
collection and careful statistical analysis of large quantities of data from a large
population to assist in identifying the cause of diseases.
Such studies assist the causal identification of non-infectious diseases.
It involves:
Incidence of disease in a specific time period
Number of people affected at any one time
Number of cases as a proportion of the population
Number of deaths as a proportion of the population
Focusing on large groups rather than individuals
Factors associated with the risk of the people in the study e.g. age, sex, race, diet,
geographical location, lifestyle, family history of disease

Epidemiology studies roles, which tells us the:
Possible cause of disease (usually non-infectious)
Risk factors
Transmission (for infectious disease)
Also used by health departments and governments to:
Determine best methods for controlling and preventing
Formulate public education campaigns
Formulate preventative medicine measures
Support vaccination programs for infectious diseases
PART TWO
FOOTNOTE REQUIRED
Measles Outbreak
Using this link and other relevant research, prepare notes to answer the following questions. Bring your
answers to the in-class task.
1. What is a measles epidemic?

It is a measles outbreak which is defined as the occurrence of three or more confirmed
measles cases (at least two of which should be laboratory-confirmed) in a health
facility/district/block (approximate catchment population of 100 000) in a month
Epidemic: a widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a
particular time - widespread illness/disease, infestation, outbreak
2. Where do they believe this outbreak originated?

Western Sydney
3. What parts of Sydney were affected?

Quakers Hill, Lawson, Strathfield, Leichhardt, Auburn and surrounding suburbs
4. Why are we warned where the person has been?

In order to stay away from places that measles has spread to. The risk is higher of contracting measles
especially with it being spread to those most vulnerable to infection such as infants too young to be
vaccinated, pregnant women and those with compromised immune systems. As it is highly infectious, the
spread would be more rapid in those places via. the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Those
people who were in the same areas of the place of the infection of needles and have not been vaccinated,
would be at risk. It would be advisable for those who have or are in these locations to get preventive
vaccines - especially with the amount of exposure to the disease.
5. What can be done to prevent the spread of measles within the Sydney community?
a. Exclusion of the person with measles from childcare, preschool, school and work for
i. People with symptoms are advised to stay home from work or school and seek
medical help as soon as possible - calling ahead before visiting a doctor or
hospital so they can minimise risk
ii. As it is transmissible through the air or by direct contact via. saliva or infected
droplets, it is advised to stay away from further exposure to other people
b. Vaccination
i. Adolescents and adults who have not had measles or have not been vaccinated
should get 2 doses of the MMR vaccine
ii. Two doses of MMR (measles, mumps & rubella) vaccine is nearly 100%
effective at preventing measles
iii. The vaccine will protect individuals from contracting measles, even if they are
around others who have measles
c. Hygiene
i. Good personal hygiene is important to help prevent the spread of disease,
including washing hands regularly, disposing of used tissues, and not sharing
eating utensils or drinks
6. What vaccination is available? - provide an up to date vaccination schedule (hand in).
7. What arguments are used by some people against vaccination?

Vaccines can cause serious and sometimes fatal side effects
Long-term seizures, coma, lowered consciousness, and permanent brain damage
may be associated
Vaccines contain harmful ingredients
9
National Immunisation Program Schedule (From 20 April 2015) 2016, accessed 12 June 2017,
<http://www.immunise.health.gov.au/internet/immunise/publishing.nsf/Content/national-immunisation-program-schedule>.
Aluminum is used in some vaccines and excess aluminum in human bodies can
cause neurological harm.
Some vaccines for the flu contain chicken egg protein, which can be harmful to
children who are allergic to eggs
The government should not intervene in personal medical choices
Medical decisions for children should be left to the parents or caregivers
Mandatory vaccines infringe upon constitutionally protected religious freedoms
Several religions oppose vaccines and mandatory vaccinations
Vaccines are unnatural, and natural immunity is more effective than vaccination.
Most diseases that vaccines target are relatively harmless in many cases, thus making
vaccines unnecessary.
E.g. Measles is normally a rash accompanied by a fever and runny nose and can
be treated with rest and fluids
PART THREE
One organ affected by measles is the eye.
1. Submit a labelled diagram of the structure of the eye, including the following structures: (hand
in)
Sclera Ciliary muscle Blind spot

Choroid Ciliary body Cornea
Lens Optic nerve Iris
Aqueous humor Retina Pupil
Vitreous humor Fovea
10
2. Design a table of the structure and function of the components of eye (hand in)
Component of Eye Structure Function
Sclera The outer covering of the eyeball consists of a The sclera provides protection and form.12
relatively tough outer layer - containing The sclera provides structure and
collagen (mucous membrane, which helps to strength to the eye; the eyeball's
lubricate the eye) and elastic fiber supporting wall.13
Directly continuous with the cornea in
front and with the sheath covering the
optic nerve behind. 11
Choroid The vascular (major blood vessel), central layer Provide nourishment (which it needs to
of the eye, containing connective tissue, lying perform basic cellular functions and removes
between the retina and sclera.14 waste products from the eye) to the outer
layers of the retina through blood vessels
Receives blood supply from the
central retinal artery that emerges
from the back of the eye.15
10
Aniruddh, V 2016, Draw a labeled diagram of human eye. Write the functions of Cornea, Iris, Pupil, Eye lens and Retina, accessed
12 June 2017,
<https://www.meritnation.com/ask-answer/question/draw-a-labeled-diagram-of-human-eye-write-the-functions-of/human-eye-and-col
ourful-world/679833>.
11
Willings, C n.d., STRUCTURE & FUNCTION OF THE EYE, accessed 12 June 2017,
<http://www.teachingvisuallyimpaired.com/structure--function-of-the-eye.html>.
12
13
What is the function of the sclera? 2017, accessed 12 June 2017,
<https://www.reference.com/science/function-sclera-dfd60108ef9e4533>.
14
15
Coats of the Eye: Choroid n.d., accessed 12 June 2017,
<http://teaching.pharmacy.umn.edu/courses/eyeAP/Eye_Anatomy/CoatsoftheEye/Choroid.htm>.
This blood supply meets the oxygen
and metabolic needs of the eye16
Lens Lens is part of the front segment of the eye. By the action of ciliary muscles, it
Behind the pupil, there is a transparent, changes its shape to focus light on the
biconvex, intraocular tissue structure retina.
which is the lens17 It becomes thinner to focus
distant objects and becomes
thicker to focus nearby
objects. 18
Aqueous humor A clear, watery fluid that fills the space It nourishes the internal structures
between the back surface of the cornea and the (cornea, iris and lens) by carrying
front surface of the vitreous, bathing the lens.19 nutrients to parts of the eye that lack
The front section (anterior segment) is blood supply20
filled with this fluid. The eye receives oxygen through the
aqueous
Removes waste products excreted
from the lens, and maintain
intraocular pressure and thus
maintains the shape of the eye.21
This gives the eye its shape.
It must be clear to function
properly.
Vitreous humor It is the transparent, colorless gelatinous mass It has to be clear so light can pass
that fills rear two-thirds of the eyeball, between through it and it has to be there or eye
the lens and the retina. would collapse
The back section (posterior segment) Helps to keep the retina
extends from the back surface of the firmly in place23
lens to the retina. Helps absorb shocks to the eye and
It contains a jellylike fluid called the keeps the retina properly connected to
vitreous humor.22 the back wall of the eye.
16
Coats of the Eye: Choroid n.d., accessed 12 June 2017,
17
18
Human Eye Structure And Functioning 2016, accessed 12 June 2017,
<http://byjus.com/physics/structure-human-eye-functioning/>.
19
20
Eye Vitreous and Aqueous Humor 2015, accessed 12 June 2017,
<http://www.healthline.com/human-body-maps/eye-vitreous-and-aqueous-humor#seoBlock>.
21
22
Garrity, J & MacMillan, B 2017, Structure and Function of the Eyes, accessed 12 June 2017,
<http://www.msdmanuals.com/en-au/home/eye-disorders/biology-of-the-eyes/structure-and-function-of-the-eyes>.
23
What is the function of the vitreous humor? 2017, accessed 12 June 2017,
<https://www.reference.com/science/function-vitreous-humor-e7980dcb92665ac1>.
Ciliary muscle The ciliary muscle is a ring of muscle Contracts or relaxes in order for an
surrounding the lens of the eye. individual to see at multiple distances
It is attached to the lens by suspensory When it contracts, it pulls forward,
ligaments moving to a frontal portion to relax
the fibers that hold the lens in place;
this process also allows it to take on a
more spherical shape to provide short
range focus24 (It helps to dilate and
constrict the pupil)
Ciliary body Is a blood-rich tissue, whose structures work The ciliary processes are the folds found on
together to produce the aqueous humor. The the surface of the ciliary body that produce
ciliary body is made up of25: aqueous humor (clear liquid in the eye)26
Ciliary processes Also contains the ciliary muscle; this
Ciliary muscles muscle changes the shape of the lens
Zonular fibers when your eyes focus on something
Optic nerve It connects to the back of the eye near the 1. Cones: the nerve cells that are more
macula (the part in the centre of the retina); sensitive to bright light. They help in
The nerve fibers from the photoreceptors are detailed central and color vision.
bundled together to form the optic nerve27. a. detect colour.
There are two types of optic nerves: cones and 2. Rods: the optic nerve cells that are
rods more sensitive to dim lights. They
help in peripheral vision.28
a. detect brightness but not
colour
The optic nerve transmits electrical impulses

from the retina to the brain; the optic nerve
takes the information from the retina as
electrical signals and delivers it to the brain
where this information is interpreted as a
visual image.
Retina Forms a thin membranous lining of the rear It is the light sensitive nerve tissue in the eye
two-thirds of the globe; consists of layers that that converts images from the eyes optical
include two types of cells: rods and cones. 29 system into electrical impulses that are sent
24
What is the function of the ciliary muscle? 2017, accessed 12 June 2017,
<https://www.reference.com/science/function-ciliary-muscle-f402dbd37a5df347>.
25
Coats of the Eye: Ciliary Body n.d., accessed 12 June 2017,
<http://teaching.pharmacy.umn.edu/courses/eyeAP/Eye_Anatomy/CoatsoftheEye/CiliaryBody.htm>.
26
Coats of the Eye: Ciliary Body n.d., accessed 12 June 2017,
<http://teaching.pharmacy.umn.edu/courses/eyeAP/Eye_Anatomy/CoatsoftheEye/CiliaryBody.htm>.
27
28
29
Contains the cells that sense light along the optic nerve to the brain, to interpret
(photoreceptors) and the blood vessels as vision.31
that nourish them. The high density of cones in the
Most sensitive part of the retina is a macula makes the visual image
small area called the macula, which detailed
has millions of tightly packed Macula is responsible for
photoreceptors (the type called cones). detailed central vision;
30
appreciated detail and
perform tasks that require
central vision, such as
reading.32
Converts images formed by the lens
into electrical impulses; are then
transmitted to the brain through optic
nerves
Fovea Fovea is the central portion of the retina that Forms the site which produces the sharpest
contains only cones (rod free zone) /clearest vision and greatest colour distinction
It is located in the centre of the macula 34
33
Responsible for sharp central vision
Contains a high concentration of cones (also called foveal vision), which is
within the macula and no retinal blood necessary in humans for activities
vessels where visual detail is of primary
importance, such as reading and
driving.35
Blind spot At the junction of optic nerve and retina, there Not necessarily a function:
are no sensory nerve cells. So no vision is it is where the optic nerve connect
possible at that point and is known as a blind from the eye to the brain; due to this,
spot.36 there are no photoreceptors at that
The natural blind spot (scotoma) is due point
to lack of photoreceptors (rods or
cones) where the optic nerve and blood
vessels leave the eye.
Is where the bundle of sensory
fibres form the optic nerve; it
30
31
32
Structures and functions of the eye: Rods and cones, Vitreous & Macula n.d., accessed 12 June 2017,
<http://ilearn.careerforce.org.nz/mod/book/view.php?id=213&chapterid=141>.
33
Structures and functions of the eye: Optic nerve, Fovea & Visual cortex n.d., accessed 12 June 2017,
34
Structures and functions of the eye: Optic nerve, Fovea & Visual cortex n.d., accessed 12 June 2017,
35
Structures and functions of the eye: Optic nerve, Fovea & Visual cortex 2017, accessed 12 June 2017,
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fovea_centralis>.
36
contains no light-sensitive
receptors
Cornea It is the clear, transparent front part of the eye Allows light rays to enter the eye and
that covers the iris, pupil and anterior chamber converge the light rays.
and provides most of an eyes optical power (if Lets light enter the eye and refracts
too flat = hyperopia/farsightedness; if too steep light into the lens, so images can be
37
= myopia/nearsightedness). focused on the retina.38
It needs to be smooth, round, clear, and
tough.
It is like a protective window.
Iris It is the pigmented tissue lying behind the Controls the amount of light entering the eye
cornea that gives color to the eye by varying the size of the pupillary opening
Dark muscular tissue and ring like The color of the iris affects how
structure behind the cornea much light gets in.
The color of iris actually indicates the The iris controls light constantly,
color of the eye39 adapts to lighting changes, and is
responsible for near point reading (to
see close, pupils must constrict)40
The iris allows more light into the eye
(enlarging or dilating the pupil) when
the environment is dark and allows
less light into the eye (shrinking or
constricting the pupil) when the
environment is bright.41
Pupil It is the small opening in the iris; Its size is It controls the amount of light that enters the
controlled by the help of iris. eye.
It is a variable-sized black circular The pupil needs to be round in order
opening in the center of the iris42 to constrict.
In bright light it is constricted and in
dim light it is dilated
3. Research four of the possible ways the eye can be damaged by measles (listed below), with
particular reference to how sight might be affected. Bring your research to the in-class task.
37
38
Coats of the Eye: Cornea n.d., accessed 12 June 2017,
<http://teaching.pharmacy.umn.edu/courses/eyeAP/Eye_Anatomy/CoatsoftheEye/Cornea.htm>.
39
40
41
42
Ways the Eye can be Damaged by How the Eyesight Might be Affected
Measles
Keratitis Keratitis is an inflammation of the surface of your eye, the cornea.

Usually the result of an infection, injury or wearing contact
lenses for too long.
Can be painful and may temporarily affect vision only in rare cases
will it lead to complications that can damage your sight
Bacterial, viral, parasitic and fungal infections can cause keratitis
Symptoms include pain, redness, tearing and light sensitivity. It can
feel as though foreign particles are lodged in the eye
Corneal scarring Corneal ulcers are open sores on the front of the eye that can occur
when infected, either via the measles virus or from a bacterial
infection that develops secondary to measles.
Ulcers may appear as white dots on the front of the eye and
are usually treated with topical antiviral or antibiotic drops.
When the ulcers heal, they can scar over and leave opaque
scar tissue that may inhibit vision and cause blindness.
Retinopathy There the measles virus destroys the retina, a layer of cells in the back
of the eye that convert light energy into electrical impulses that go to
the brain.
Retinitis can cause temporary and, in some cases permanent, vision
loss.
Optic neuritis This inflammation affects the optic nerve that sends signals from the
back of the eye to the brain.
This complication is relatively rare but can occur in measles
patients who also develop encephalitis, or brain swelling,
though cases without encephalitis have also surfaced.
Like retinitis, vision loss from optic neuritis can be temporary or
permanent.
PART FIVE
1. Aniruddh, V 2016, Draw a labeled diagram of human eye. Write the functions of Cornea, Iris,
Pupil, Eye lens and Retina, accessed 12 June 2017,
<https://www.meritnation.com/ask-answer/question/draw-a-labeled-diagram-of-human-eye-write
-the-functions-of/human-eye-and-colourful-world/679833>.
2. Coats of the Eye: Choroid n.d., accessed 12 June 2017,
3. Coats of the Eye: Ciliary Body n.d., accessed 12 June 2017,
<http://teaching.pharmacy.umn.edu/courses/eyeAP/Eye_Anatomy/CoatsoftheEye/CiliaryBody.ht
m>.
4. Coats of the Eye: Cornea n.d., accessed 12 June 2017,
<http://teaching.pharmacy.umn.edu/courses/eyeAP/Eye_Anatomy/CoatsoftheEye/Cornea.htm>.
5. Garrity, J & MacMillan, B 2017, Structure and Function of the Eyes, accessed 12 June 2017,
<http://www.msdmanuals.com/en-au/home/eye-disorders/biology-of-the-eyes/structure-and-funct
ion-of-the-eyes>.
6. Human Eye Structure And Functioning 2016, accessed 12 June 2017,
<http://byjus.com/physics/structure-human-eye-functioning/>
7. Incubation Period 2017, accessed 10 June 2017,
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incubation_period>.
8. Infectious diseases 2017, accessed 10 June 2017,
<http://www.who.int/topics/infectious_diseases/en/>.
9. Epidemiology 2017, accessed 10 June 2017,
<https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/epidemiology>.
10. Eye Vitreous and Aqueous Humor 2015, accessed 12 June 2017,
<http://www.healthline.com/human-body-maps/eye-vitreous-and-aqueous-humor#seoBlock>.
11. Pathogen 2017, accessed 10 June 2017, <http://www.dictionary.com/browse/pathogen>.
12. Prevent 2016, accessed 10 June 2017, <http://www.thefreedictionary.com/prevent>. / Control
Variable 2017, accessed 10 June 2017, <http://www.dictionary.com/browse/control-variable>.
13. Structures and functions of the eye: Optic nerve, Fovea & Visual cortex 2017, accessed 12 June
2017, <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fovea_centralis>.
14. Structures and functions of the eye: Rods and cones, Vitreous & Macula n.d., accessed 12 June
2017, <http://ilearn.careerforce.org.nz/mod/book/view.php?id=213&chapterid=141>.
15. Symptom Oxford Dictionaries. Web. 10 Jun 2017
<http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/symptom>.
16. What is the function of the ciliary muscle? 2017, accessed 12 June 2017,
<https://www.reference.com/science/function-ciliary-muscle-f402dbd37a5df347>.
17. What is the function of the sclera? 2017, accessed 12 June 2017,
<https://www.reference.com/science/function-sclera-dfd60108ef9e4533>.
18. What is the function of the vitreous humor? 2017, accessed 12 June 2017,
<https://www.reference.com/science/function-vitreous-humor-e7980dcb92665ac1>.
19. Wikipedia n.d., Transmission (medicine), accessed 10 June 2017,
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_(medicine)>.
20. Willings, C n.d., STRUCTURE & FUNCTION OF THE EYE, accessed 12 June 2017,

Part One: Footnote Required Word

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Оригинальное название

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Part One: Footnote Required Word

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

PART ONE

Pathogen An agent (or living, single-celled microorganism)

Symptom Any subjective evidence of disease; Can be a

Transmitted The passing of a pathogen causing communicable

Incubation period The time elapsed between exposure to a

Control methods A person, group, event, etc., that is used as a

Prevention The action of keeping of or stopping something

Epidemiology A branch of medical science that deals with the

Prepare summary notes of the following:

2. Outline the symptoms of measles.

3. Describe the ways the pathogen responsible for measles is transmitted.

4. Identify the incubation period of measles.

6. Describe three prevention strategies used to stop the spread of measles.

1. What is a measles epidemic?

2. Where do they believe this outbreak originated?

3. What parts of Sydney were affected?

4. Why are we warned where the person has been?

7. What arguments are used by some people against vaccination?

One organ affected by measles is the eye.

Sclera Ciliary muscle Blind spot

The optic nerve transmits electrical impulses

Keratitis Keratitis is an inflammation of the surface of your eye, the cornea.

Вам также может понравиться