Anemia is defined as a reduction in circulating numbers of red blood cells, or reduction in one or more of the major red

blood cell (RBC) measurements, such as hemoglobin (Hgb.) hematocrit (Hct.), or Red Blood Cell count. Iron-deficiency
anemia occurs when there inadequate absorption or excessive loss of iron, needed for the synthesis of Hemoglobin.

Signs and Symptoms: CAUSES: Diagnostic Tests:

- Headache due to lack of Predisposing Factors Precipitating Factors - Complete Blood Count (CBC)
oxygen supply to the brain. - Reticulocyte Count
- Pallor due to decreased - Peripheral Smear
Sex (female: Inadequate iron intake/
hemoglobin. faulty diet. - Serum Iron Test
menstruation)
- Weakness due to overall Excessive Blood loss. - Transferrin level, or total iron-
Genetics.
lack of oxygen supply. GI Bleeding binding capacity test.
Blood donation
Malabsorption
syndrome (Celiac Treatment:
If prolonged: Disease)

- Chest pain Preventive: Nutritional counseling when iron is less

- Shortness of breath even at rest.
- Disorientation and confusion ( if
the brain is severely deprived by
oxygen)
- Low RBC and Hematocrit levels.
- Paresthesia (indicates nerve
affectation).
Decrease intake of iron, with blood loss
Iron in the body is used up.
Decreased iron reserves needed for
hemoglobin production
than adequate, and maintenance of a diet high in iron
(to promote healthy erythrocytes).
Curative: Encourage diet high in protein, take iron
supplements as ordered, and have rest to reduce
cardiac overload.

Decreased RBC production

due to lack of hemoglobin = Iron Deficiency Anemia