The 7 immunizable diseases are:

1. Tuberculosis
2. Diptheria
3. Pertussis
4. Measles
5. Poliomyelitis
6. Tetanus
7. Hepatitis B

Characteristics of Vaccines
Type and Form of Vaccine Storage Temp.

Most Sensitive to Heat

OPV (Live Attenuated)

Measles (freeze dried)

-150C to -250C (freezer)

Least Sensitive to Heat

DPT and Hepatitis B Vaccines

D Weakened toxin

P Killed Bacteria

T Weakened toxin

BCG (freeze dried)

+20C to +80C
Tetanus Toxiod (body of the refrigerator)
 Minimum
Minimum
Number interval
Vaccine Age at 1st Rationale
of doses between
dose
doses
To protect the
Anytime person from
BCG 1
after birth acquiring
Tuberculosis(TB)
Reduces the
chance of severe
DPT 6 weeks 3 4 weeks
pertussis, diptheria
and tetanus
To protect the
person from
OPV 6 weeks 3 4 weeks
acquiring
Poliomyelitis
6 weeks from
1st dose to Reduces the
Hepatitis 2nd dose; 8 chance of being
6 weeks 3
B weeks from infected by
2nd dose to Hepatitis B
3rd dose
Gives 85%
Measles 9 months 1 protection against
measles

The 7 immunizable diseases are:

 1. Tuberculosis
2. Diptheria
3. Pertussis
4. Measles
5. Poliomyelitis
6. Tetanus
7. Hepatitis B
Administration of vaccines:
Vaccine Content Form & Dosage # of Doses Route
Freeze dried infant-
Live attenuated 0.05ml 1 ID
BCG bacteria
Preschool-0.1ml

DT- weakened toxin

liquid-0.5ml 3 IM
DPT
P-killed bacteria
weakened virus liquid-2drops 3 Oral
OPV
Plasma derivative Liquid-0.5ml 3 IM
Hepa B
Weakened virus Freeze dried- 0.5ml 1 Subcutaneous
Measles

Schedule of Vaccines:
Vaccine Age at 1 dose
st
Interval between dose Protection
At birth
BCG
6 weeks 4 weeks DPT
DPT
6weeks 4weeks Poliomyelitis
OPV
@ birth HepaB
Hepa B @birth,6 week,14 week
th th

9m0s.-11m0s. measles
Measles

6 months earliest dose of measles given in case of outbreak

9months-11months regular schedule of measles vaccine
15 months latest dose of measles given
4-5 years old catch up dose
Fully Immunized Child (FIC)- less than 12 months old child with
complete immunizations of DPT, OPV, BCG, Anti Hepatitis, Anti measles.
 Minimum age Duration of
Vaccine % protected
interval Protection
TT1 As early as possible 0% 0

TT2 4 weeks later 80% 3 years

TT3 6 months later 95% 5 years

1year later/during
TT4 99% 10 years
next pregnany

1 year later/third
TT5 99% Lifetime
pregnancy

There is no contraindication to immunization except when the

child is immunosuppressed or is very, very ill (but not slight
fever or cold). Or if the child experienced convulsions after a DPT
or measles vaccine, report such to the doctor immediately.
Malnutrition is not a contraindication for immunizing children
rather, it is an indication for immunization since common
childhood diseases are often severe to malnourished children.
Cold Chain under EPI:
Cold Chain is a system used to maintain potency of a vaccine from that
of manufacture to the time it is given to child or pregnant woman.
The allowable timeframes for the storage of vaccines at different levels
are:
o 6months- Regional Level
o 3months- Provincial Level/District Level
o 1month-main health centers-with ref.
o Not more than 5days- Health centers using transport boxes.
Most sensitive to heat: Freezer (-15 to -25 degrees C)
o OPV
o Measles
Sensitive to heat and freezing (body of ref. +2 to +8
degrees Celcius)
o BCG
o DPT
o Hepa B
o TT
 Use those that will expire first, mark X/ exposure, 3 discard,
rd

Transport-use cold bags, let it stand in room temperature for a while

before storing DPT.
Half life packs: 4hours-BCG, DPT, Polio, 8 hours-measles, TT, Hepa
B.

FEFO (first expiry and first out) vaccine is practiced to assure that all
vaccines are utilized before the expiry date.
Proper arrangement of vaccines and/or labeling of vaccines expiry date are
done to identify those near to expire vaccines.
 Nursing Roles and Responsibilities
Maintain a master list of eligible children for immunization.
Administer immunization following the protocols in right administration of vaccines (right dose, right route,
right schedule and interval, and proper utilization of cold chain).
Infuse proper aseptic technique and infection control (one syringe: one child and proper disposal ofsyringes)
Provide health teachings regarding EPI i.e. scheduled immunization activity to enhance the awareness of
community and motivate them to adhere with the campaigns.
Conduct visits in the community to assess their needs and to identify cases of EPI diseases.
Have an updated record of children who had received immunization and the like and report cases if there is.