2. The sluice gate presented below is 1.50m wide and has a coefficient of contraction of 0.62.

The head loss from

point 1 to point 2 is 0.11m. Calculate velocities of flow at the upstream and downstream sides.
4. Calculate the head loss in the hydraulic jump shown below considering the channel width to be uniform
throughout the length of the control volume. The velocity head at the upstream side is 2.68m, y1 = 0.46m, and y2
= 1.04m.

Solution:

*Bernoullis Equation:
(v12/2g) + (p1/) = (v22/2g) + (p2/) + HL [1]
2.68m= v12 / 2(9.81m/s2)
V1= 7.2513 m/sec

*Law of Continuity:
A1v1 = A2v2
(0.46)(1)(7.2513) = (1.04)(1)(v2)
v2 = 3.2073 m/sec

*Substitute:
2.86 + 0.46 = [(3.2073)2 / 2(9.81)] + 1.04 + HL
HL = 1.5757m
5. A sluice gate flows into a horizontal channel as shown in the figure. Determine the flow through the gate per
meter width when y = 1.0m and d1 = 6m. Assume that the pressure distribution at section 1 and 2 to be
atmospheric and neglect friction losses in the channel. Use coefficient of contraction to be 0.85 and coefficient of
velocity is 0.95.

Solution:

Cc = d2 / y C = Cc x Cv
0.85 = d2 / 1 C = 0.85 x 0.95
d2 = 0.85m C = 0.8075

* Bernoullis Equation:
(v12/2g) + 6m = (v22/2g) + 0.85m [1]

*Law of Continuity:
v1 = v2A2 / A1
v1= v2(0.85m) / 6m
v1 = 0.1417v2 [2]

*Substitute:
[(0.1417v2)2 / 2(9.81)] + 6m = [v22 / 2g] + 0.85m
v2 = 10.1545 m/sec

Qt = Av = 0.85(10.1545)(1) = 8.6313 m3/sec

Qa = CQt = 8.6313 m3/sec (0.8075) = 6.9698 m3/sec
6. A calibration test of a 12.5mm diameter circular sharp-edged orifice in a vertical side of a tank showed a
discharged of 590N of water in 81 seconds at a constant head of 4.70m. Measurement of the jet showed that it
traveled 2.35m horizontally while dropping 300mm. Compute the three orifice coefficients.

Solution:

Qa = (0.59kN / 81sec)(1 / 9.81kN/m3) = 7.425x10-4m3/sec

4.7 = v22 / 2(9.81) = 9.603m/sec = vt

*(2.35, -0.3)
-0.3 = [2.35tan(0) (9.81)(2.35)2 ] / [2(va)2cos2(0)]
va = 9.5023m/sec

Cv = 9.5023/9.603 = 0.9895

7.425x10-4 = C[(0.0125)2 / 4](9.5023)

C = 0.6367

Cc = C/Cv = 0.6367/0.9895 = 0.6435

7. Water flows through an orifice at the vertical side of a large tank under a constant head of 2.4m. How far
horizontally from the vena contracta will the jet strikes the ground 1.5m below the orifice?

Solution:

*Bernoullis Equation:
2.4m = v22 / 2(9.81)
v2 = 6.8621m/sec

*(x, 1.5)
-1.5=xtan(0) [gx2 / 2(6.8621)2(cos2(0))]
x = 3.7948m
8. A large cylindrical steel tank 4m high with its bottom on a level ground contains two layers of liquid. The
bottom layer is water 2m deep. The top layer is occupied by a liquid whose specific gravity is not known to a
depth of 1m. A 50mm diameter orifice with coefficient of velocity of 0.98 is situated one meter from the bottom
of the tank. The jet from the orifice hits the ground 2.75m horizontally away from the vena contracta. Determine
the specific gravity of the liquid at the top layer.

Solution:

H = 1+1(s)
H = 1+s

y = xtan (gx2/2vo2cos2)
-1 = 2.75tan(0) [9.81(2.75)2 / 2vo2cos2(0)]
vo = 6.09 m/s

vo = Cv2
6.09 = 0.982(9.81)
H = 1.968m

H = 1+ s = 1.968m
S = 0.968
10. In the figure given below, find the velocity coming out from the nozzle and the distance D. The angle of the
jet as it leaves the nozzle is 40 degrees.

Solution:

y = xtan (gx2/2vo2cos2)

*(8, 3)
3 = 8tan(40) [9.81(8)2 / 2vo2cos2(40)]
vo = 12.003m/sec

*(R, 0)
= Rtan(40) [9.81(R)2 / 2(12.003)2cos2(40)]
R = 14.463m

D = R-8 = 14.463-8 = 6.463m

 New Era University
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE
Department of Civil Engineering

HYDRAULICS (CE 413)

Submitted by: Jebone, Einstein Webster J.

Submitted to: Randy R. Aureada, RCE
Subject Schedule: Wednesday (10 AM 1 PM)
Date Submitted: August 2, 2017