Resource Speaker

Jonryl P. Novicio
REE 041646

Topic

Seminar on
Industrial Power Design and
V oltage Drop
C
Practices- Important Aspects and
Guidelines
alculations
November 8 & 9, 2014
Sarrosa International Hotel, Cebu City
e e VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATION
UTILITY SUPPLY 23 KV, 3 PHASE, 60 HZ

MAX. SHORT-CIRCUIT
LEVEL = 300 MVA UTILITY SUPPLY
REACTANCE
2500 kVA, 23-0.24 kV
3Phase, 60 Hz, 5.75% IZ

PRIMARY FEEDER
IMPEDANCE
TRANSFORMER
REACTANCE

9-500 MCM, THW, COPPER

To Bus 2 - Same Load CABLES PER PHASE TO BE
(Assume Not Operating) INSTALLED AS FOLLOWS:
ON RSC - 10 M. SYSTEM
ON PVC - 72 M. COMPONENTS
ON CABLE TRAY - 132 M.
TOTAL CIRCUIT LENGTH-214 M. THAT CONTRIBUTE
SECONDARY FEEDER TO THE TOTAL
REACTANCE BUS 1
VOLTAGE DROP

1250 kVA
0.8 pf lagging,
3 phase Load 2
e e VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATION

MVAS.C x1000
For Utility Reactance IS.C
3kV
INFINITE BUS 300 x1000
IS.C
3(23)
23 kV
IS.C 7, 530.87 A.
Maximum Short Circuit VL
Level 300 MVA
VPh. 3
X UT
IS.C IS.C
XUT
VL
23, 000
IS.C X UT 3 3
IS.C 7,530.87
3-Phase
Fault X UT 1.7633

Prepared by : Jonryl P. Novicio 3

e e VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATION

Primary Feeders

23 kV Primary Feeders
Impedance is NEGLECTED as the
Length of the Line is Very Short

Prepared by : Jonryl P. Novicio 4

e e VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATION

For Large Transformer,

Resistance is NEGLECTED IXT (100)
%IX
VL
3
IXT (100) (62.757)XT (100)
%IX 5.75
VPh. 23, 000
kVA 2500 3
IPRIM
3kV 23 3 XTPRIM . 12.167
IPRIM 62.757 A.

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e e VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATION

1. Refer to Figure 1 Table 1 and 6 of the ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION AND

DISTRIBUTION REFERENCE BOOK by WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORP.

2. Tables 1.20 and 1.22 of the book INDUSTRIAL POWER SYSTEMS

HANDBOOK Edited by DONALD BEEMAN for cable data.

10 Meters @ RSC
(RSC)=Rigid Steel Conduit

R500MCM 0.00359 /100ft.

0.00359 0.001178
R10 32.8ft .
X500MCM 0.0045 /100ft. 100ft. cond.
3.28ft. X
0.0045
32.8 ft.
0.001476
Length 10m 32.8ft. 10
1m 100ft. cond.

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e e VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATION

72 Meters @ PVC

3.28ft.
Length 72m 236.12ft.
1m
0.00359 0.008478
R72 236.12ft.
100ft. cond.
0.0045 0.008821
X72 0.83 236.12ft.
100ft. cond.

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e e VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATION

132 Meters @ Cable Tray

Cable Arrangement will be Equilateral Triangle as the Standard Practice to

Minimize Voltage Drop

A C D = Outside Diameter of
Cable = 1.0 in. or 0.0833ft.

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e e VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATION

For 500 MCM Cables

GMR 0.0260ft.
GMD 3 SAB SBC SCA
GMD 3
1 1 1
1ft.
GMD 1.0in. 0.0833ft.
12in.

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e e VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATION

0.00359 0.01554
R132 423.96ft.
100ft. cond.

f 1 f
X1 0.2794 log10 0.2794 log10 GMD
60 GMR 60

f = Frequency , 60 Hz
GMR = Geometric Mean Radius of one conductor
GMD = Geometric Mean Distance of the Conductors

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e e VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATION

f 1 f
X1 0.2794 log10 0.2794 log10 GMD
60 GMR 60
X1 X a X d

Xa and Xd will be taken from tabulated data in reference books.

These data are based on the formula mentioned above:
Xa = the first term of the formula
Xd = the second term of the formula

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e e VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATION

From Tables 1 and 6 of the Electrical Transmission and Distribution

Reference Book

0.445 0.3015
Xa Xd
cond. cond.
mile mile
X1 0.445 0.3015
0.1435
X1
cond.
mile
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e e VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATION

For a Length of 432.96

0.1435
X1
cond. 1mile
423.96ft.

mile
5280ft.

0.01176
X1
cond.

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e e VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATION

Summary of Resistance and Inductance

RTOT R10 R72 R132

RTOT 0.001177 0.008478 0.01554
0.025195
RTOT
cond.
0.025195 cond.
RTOT Phase
cond.
0.025195 cond.
RTOT 9
cond.
RTOT 0.0028
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e e VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATION

XTOT X10 X72 X132

XTOT 0.001476 0.0088205 0.01176
0.0220565
XTOT
cond.
0.0220565 cond.
XTOT
cond. 9
XTOT 0.0024507

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e e VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATION

Z1 a2 Z2
a= turns ratio
V1
a
V2

Reflecting the Cable Impedance to the Primary

2 2
23, 000 23,000
RCABLE PRIM 0.0028 X CABLE PRIM 0.0024507
240 240
RCABLE PRIM 25.71527 X CABLE PRIM 22.5073

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e e VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATION

UTILITY LINE 23 kV

UTILITY LINE 23 kV

XUT ROVERALL RCABLE PRIM

X OVERALL XUT XTR X CABLE PRIM
XTR
XOVERALL
36.4376 Ohms

R cable
X OVERALL 1.7633 12.167 22.5073
R cable-PRIM

X OVERALL 36.4376 25.71527 Ohms

X cable
Bus1
Bus1
1250 kVA
1250 kVA 0.8 pf, 3-Phase
Prepared by : Jonryl P. Novicio 17
0.8 pf, 3-Phase
e e VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATION

Voltage Drop Equation

VDROP 3I R cos X sin

1, 250kVA
IFL
23kV 3
IFL 31.378 A
pf cos 0.8
sin 0.6

VDROP 3 31.378 22.5073 0.8 36.4376 0.6

VDROP 2,306.33V

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e e VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATION

V
VBUS1 VSOURCE VDROP SEC .
VPRIM.
240
VBUS1 23, 000 2, 306.33
23, 000
VBUS1 215.933V

Below to the 220 V Nominal Voltage.

Recommendations:
1. Increase the Conductors
2. Install the Transformer inside the building Complex

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e e VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATION

Thank You

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