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Waves
WORD BANK: reflected, wavelength, compression, , vacuum, radiation, impulses, microwaves,
rainbows, ultra-violet, Dispersion, focusing, absorb, spectrum, incidence, refraction, frequency,
Echoes, frequencies, , filters, transverse, electromagnetic, dense, vibrations, infra red,
Waves
All waves consist of (1)___________which carry energy, travel in straight lines, can be
(2)_____________and refracted. All types of electromagnetic radiation and sound travel as
waves.
Electromagnetic Waves
Light and other (3)________________waves travel through space at 300,000 kilometres per
second. Other types of electromagnetic waves, arranged from shortest to longest
(4)______________, include gamma radiation, x-rays, (5)_______________, infra-red and radio
waves. These different types of radiation, when grouped together, are called the
electromagnetic (6)_________________.
Electromagnetic waves are regarded as (7)______________waves, in which the vibrations of
electric and magnetic fields are at right angles to the direction of wave travel.
Each type of electromagnetic (8)______________has a certain range of frequencies. Frequency
is defined as the number of waves which pass a point per second. The different colours of visible
light have different (9)________________. Electromagnetic waves have a range of uses, e.g. x-
rays are used to examine the interior of the body, (10)________________are used for cooking,
infra-red waves are used for heating.
Reflected Light
When a ray of light is reflected from a mirror, the angle of (11)____________is equal to the
angle of reflection. Study you ray box diagrams for reflection.
Refracted Light
When light travels from air into a more (12)_____________medium. e.g. water or glass, it slows
down and may be bent. This is called (13)_________________.
Lenses are designed to refract light and can be used to correct longsightedness or
shortsightedness by (14)_________________light rays which enter the eye, onto the retina.
Study you ray box diagrams for refraction.
Coloured Light
(15)_______________occurs when a ray of white light is passed through a prism, which
separates it into its component colours. An example of this in nature is the formation of
(16)_____________as light passes through water droplets in the atmosphere.
Objects appear to be a certain colour because they reflect that coloured light and
(17)____________all other colours. Coloured (18)_____________transmit light of only one
colour, while absorbing other colours.
Sound Waves
Sound waves are (19)________________waves which travel at approximately 300 metres per
second. They travel by the back and forth movement of particles, so they cannot travel in a
(20)______________. Sound waves travel faster in solids than in liquids and travel slowest in
gases.