C4 Bifurcation of common carotid = upper border of thyroid cartilage
C5 C6 Beginning of oesophagus Beginning of trachea Vertebral artery enters foramina transversaria C7 Vertebra prominens Sterno- Bifurcation of the RIGHT brachiocephalic trunk clavicular Union of the internal jugular and subclavian vein to brachiocephalic vein joints (on both sides) T1 T2 Superior border of scapula T2/3 Suprasternal notch Level of 1st rib at the front (T1 at the back) T3 Medial end of spine of scapula End of pre-vertebral fascia Posterior end of oblique fissure of lung (to 6th costal cart) (transverse/horiz. fissure || to 4th costal cartilage to 5th rib mid-axillary) (costodiaphragmatic recess 8th-10th rib mid-axillary line) T3/4 Top of aortic arch T4 T4/5 Sternomanubrial joint Start/end of aortic arch Bifurcation of trachea at carina Bifurcation of pulmonary trunk? T5 Thoracic duct crosses from right to left T6 T7 Inferior angle of scapula T8 IVC and right phrenic nerve enter diaphragm, left phrenic separate Hemiazygos vein crosses to left T9 ant. Hiatus: Superior epigastric artery and vein through diaphragm T10 Site for epidural Oesphagus, left gastric a, vagus pass through diaphragm T11 T12 Aorta, hemi/azygos veins and thoracic duct pass behind diaphragm Coeliac axis Splanchnic nerves pierce crura Sympathetic trunk passes into abdomen L1 End of spinal cord / conus medullaris Transpyloric plane! Superior mesenteric artery comes off aorta L1/2 Azygos vein forms from right subcostal and ascending lumbar veins L2 Left crus of diaphragm inserts into body of L1+L2 Start of small intestine mesentery L3 Right crus of diaphram inserts into body of L1+L2+L3 Inferior mesenteric artery comes off aorta L3/4 Site for lumbar puncture height of umbilicus L4 Abdominal aorta bifurcates Iliac crest and supracristal plane L5 IVC formed from common iliac veins L6/S1 Bifurcation of common iliac arteries (pelvic brim?) S1 S2 End of dural sac of spinal cord, lumbar cistern Axis of sacrum, midpoint of sacro-iliac joint Lower attachment of small bowel mesentery S3 Start of rectum C. Riedinger 2011