School of the Arts, Singapore

Foundation Year 2
Coordinated Science – Life Science
Holiday Assignment

Name: ___________________________ ( )
Class: ____________ 30
Section A - Multiple Choice Questions [10 marks]

There are 10 questions in this section. Select the best possible answer and
write your answers in the boxes provided below.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. Red blood cells were placed in two solutions. Study the effect of
solutions X and Y on the cells. Which one of the following
correctly shows the type of solutions X and Y?

Solution X Solution Y

X Y
A. Hypotonic Hypertonic
B. Hypertonic Hypotonic
C. Isotonic Hypertonic
D. Hypotonic Isotonic

2. The following graph shows the percentage of plasmolysed leaf

cells in different concentrations of sucrose solutions.

% plasmolysed cells
100

50

Sucrose concentration
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 (mol/dm3)

Which of the following is a valid conclusion based on the results

from the graph?
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 A. All the leaf cells have cell sap concentration of 0.2 mol/dm3
B. 50% of the leaf cells are plasmolysed when placed in a 0.5
mol/dm3 sucrose solution
C. 100% of the leaf cells are plasmolysed when placed in 0.6
mol/dm3 sucrose solution
D. The leaf cells have cell sap of different concentration.

3. What happens during the process of breathing out?

external intercostals muscle diaphragm

A. contract arches
B. contract flattens
C. relax arches
D. relax flatten

4. Which of the following is not involved when causing a flow of air

into the lungs during normal breathing in humans?

A. decreased pressure inside the thorax

B. flattening of the diaphragm
C. outward movement of the ribcage
D. relaxation of intercostals muscles

5. The question refers to the diagram below showing a section

through an alveolus and a blood capillary.

What are the carbon dioxide concentration at X, Y and Z?

X Y Z
A low high low
B low high high
C high low low
D high low high

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 6. An experiment was carried out to investigate inhaled and
exhaled air. The apparatus used is shown below.

Which of the changes would occur?

A. Only the limewater in flask A turns milky

B. Only the limewater in flask B turns milky
C. The limewater in both flasks turns milky but it turns milky much
faster in flask A
D. The limewater in both flasks turns milky but it turns milky much
faster in flask B

7. Compared with exhaled air, inhaled air _______________

A. is hotter
B. contains more carbon dioxide
C. contains more oxygen
D. has more water vapour

8. Respiration releases the _________________ stored in food.

A. oxygen
B. fats
C. carbon dioxide
D. energy

9. Which is the best equation to represent aerobic respiration?

A. carbon dioxide + water + energy → oxygen + sugar

B. energy + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
+
sugar
C. oxygen + sugar → carbon dioxide + water
+
energy
D. Sugar + carbon dioxide → oxygen + water +

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 energy

10. What happens during anaerobic respiration in muscles?

Carbon dioxide Oxygen used Water produced

produced
A no no no
B no yes yes
C yes no yes
D yes yes no

Section B – Structured questions [20 marks]

Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided.

1. An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of solutions

of different concentrations on potato tissue. The apparatus was set
up as shown in Figure 2.

(a) In which direction will the air bubble move along the
capillary tube? Explain your answer.
[2]

(b) The experiment was repeated several times, each time with
a fresh cylinder of potato, and a sugar solution of increased
concentration.
i. Explain why, at a particular concentration, the air
bubble remains stationary.
[2]

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 ii. Explain what will happen to the potato cylinder after
several hours if the apparatus contains a very
concentrated sugar solution [2]

2. Study the figures 1.1 and 1.2 which shows parts of the respiratory
system.

Figure 1.1 Figure 1.2

(a) Name the structures shown in Figures 1.1 and 1.2. and write
down where they can be found in the respiratory system. [2]

Figure 1.1 - _______________________________________________

Figure 1.2 - _______________________________________________

(b) What do the cells in figure 1.1 secrete and what does it
serve to do?
[2]
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

(c) Name two features in Figure 1.2 and explain how it to aid in
gaseous exchange. [4]
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

(d) Suggest how the alveoli in a heavy smoker’s lungs will look
like. Explain your answer.
[2]
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

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 3. Using the apparatus shown below, how could you show that exhaled
air contains less oxygen than inhaled air? [4]

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