Endocrine system

DEFINITION Endocrine organs and known secreted hormones

The system of glands that produce endocrine
secretions that help to control bodily metabolic Target Major
Endocrine Hormone
Tissue/ Function of
activity Gland Released
Organ Hormone

Increase
Thyroxine (T4)
Also regulate: growth and development, tissue function, metabolic rate,
and
Thyroid All tissue regulates
sexual function, reproduction, sleep, and mood, among Triiodothyronie
growth and
(T3)
other things. development

Bones,
The word endocrine derives from the Greek words kidneys Lowers blood
Calcitonin
and calcium level
"endo," meaning within, and "crinis," meaning to intestine
secrete. In general, a gland selects and removes Bones,
materials from the blood, processes them and secretes Parathyroid Parathyroid kidneys Raises blood
s (PTH) and calcium level
the finished chemical product for use somewhere in the intestine
body. The endocrine system affects almost every organ
Raise blood
and cell in the body. glucose level,
Adrenal Glucocorticoids
All tissue stimulates
Cortex (cortisol)
breakdown of
ENDOCRINE & EXOCRINE GLANDS protein

Reabsorb
Endocrine gland: Mineralocorticoi sodium and
Kidneys
Gland that releases its secretions directly into ds (aldosterone) excrete
potassium
the bloodstream
Gonads, Stimulates
skin, reproductive
Exocrine gland: Sex Hormones muscles organs and
gland that produce and secrete substances and brings on sex
bones characteristics
onto an epithelial surface by way of a duct
Released in
emergency
Cardiac
situations,
Examples of exocrine glands are: Adrenal Epinephrine and and
raises blood
Medulla norepinephrine other
salivary glands (shown here) that muscles
glucose level,
fight or flight
secrete saliva into the mouth response
bile-producing glands of the liver
Lowers blood
prostate gland Liver,
glucose levels,
muscles,
The portion of the pancreas that Pancreas Insulin
adipose
promotes
formation of
secretes pancreatic fluid into the tissue
glycogen
duodenum. (The pancreas is also an
Liver,
endocrine gland - its islets of muscles, Raises blood
Glucagon
Langerhans secrete several adipose glucose levels
tissue
hormones into the blood.)
gastric glands Gonads,
Stimulates
Androgens skin,
sweat glands Testes male sex
(testosterone) muscles
characteristics
sebaceous glands and bone

mammary gland Gonads,

skin, Stimulates
Estrogen and
Ovaries muscles female sex
progesterone
and characteristics
HORMONE bones

A chemical that serves as a messenger. Each hormone is

secreted by a gland and travels to one or more target
organs, where it brings about responses.