Difference between Object Oriented Design(OOD) Vs.

Function Oriented Design(FOD)

1.FOD: The basic abstractions, which are given to the user, are real world functions.
OOD: The basic abstractions are not the real world functions but are the data abstraction where the
real world entities are represented.
2.FOD: Functions are grouped together by which a higher level function is Page on obtained.an eg
of this technique isSA/SD.
OOD: Functions are grouped together on the basis of the data they operate since the classes are
associated with their methods.
3.FOD: In this appproach the state information is often represented in a centralized shared memory.
OOD: In this approach the state information is not represented in a centralized memory but is
implemented or distributed among the objects of the system.
4.FOD approach is mainly used for computation sensitive application,
OOD: whereas OOD approach is mainly used for evolving system which mimicks a business
process or business case.
5. In FOD we decompose in function/procedure level
OOD: we decompose in class level
6. FOD: TOp down Approach
OOD: Bottom up approach
7. FOD: It views system as Black Box that performs high level function and later decompose it
detailed function so to be maaped to modules.
OOD: Object-oriented design is the discipline of defining the objects and their interactions to solve a
problem that was identified and documented during object-oriented analysis.
8. FOD: Begins by considering the use case diagrms and Scenarios.
OOD: Begins by identifiying objects and classes

What is Use Case Diagram. Explain with an

example?
Use case diagrams consists of actors, use cases and their relationships. The
diagram is used to model the system/subsystem of an application. A single
use case diagram captures a particular functionality of a system.

Hence to model the entire system, a number of use case diagrams are used.

In brief, the purposes of use case diagrams can be said to be as follows

Used to gather the requirements of a system.

 Used to get an outside view of a system.
Identify the external and internal factors influencing the system.
Show the interaction among the requirements are actors.

Use Case Diagram for Library

Management System (UML)
For example, we could use
Integer i; /* Define a new integer object */
i.setValue(1); /* Set its value to 1 */

to express the fact, that the integer object i should set its value to 1. This is the
message ``Apply method setValue with argument 1 on yourself.'' sent to object i. We
notate the sending of a message with ``.''. This notation is also used in C++; other
object-oriented languages might use other notations, for example ``->.

Sending a message asking an object to apply a method is similar to a procedure call in

``traditional'' programming languages. However, in object-orientation there is a view
of autonomous objects which communicate with each other by exchanging messages.
Objects react when they receive messages by applying methods on themselves. They
also may deny the execution of a method, for example if the calling object is not
allowed to execute the requested method.

In our example, the message and the method which should be applied once the
message is received have the same name: We send ``setValue with argument 1'' to
object i which applies ``setValue(1)''.

Difference between Functional/Dynamic/Object Model?

Difference between Included use case and extension

use case?
What is Object Behavior?
Behavior binds the structure of objects to their attributes and relationships so that
objects can meet their responsibilities. Ultimately, an object's operations implement
its behavior. In this chapter Bruce Powel Douglass tells us how we can define and
refine operations and behaviors. There are a number of means for specifying overall
object behavior, the most important of these being modeling the object as a finite state
machine.

Object interaction patterns may be placed in two broad categories, differing with
respect to the roles played by the participants:

An event producer object and one or more event consumer objects.

Producer-consumer interaction involves only unidirectional (``one-way'')

communication. Examples include a user selecting a menu item, a buyer
sending a purchase order to a supplier, and a report generator sending a report
to a printer. An event may have multiple consumers. For example, a stock
quotation service may broadcast stock prices to all ``interested'' parties.

A client object and a server object.

 Client-server interaction involves bidirectional synchronized communication.
A client requests that an operation be performed by a server, and waits for a
reply. Both the request and the reply may contain other transmitted data. This
pattern is seen in common ``service'' procedure or function invocations.

What is stimuli?

Objective of Construction Phase in SDLC

Explain Construction/Implementation Phase?
Draw Collaboration & sequence diagram of cellular phone?

State chart Diagram for Cellular phone

Library Management System Class Diagram
Example of Activity Diagram
https://www.smartdraw.com/activity-diagram/