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SIMPLE DISTANCE PROTECTION SCHEME

T T
RLC A LINE1 LINE2 A RLC
V B1 B2 V

Timed
Fault
Logic flt

This case demonstrates a very simple distance protection scheme.

Breaker B1 can be kept closed or controlled by the distance protection
scheme whereas breaker B2 is controlled by a switch.

B2
A
0 Ctrl = 1
M VM M Breaker,Faults : Controls
Vphase V B B1 B2 Fault Type
0 B1 6
P VP P Ctrl Relay Closed Open Close
5
A 4
M IM M 3
2
Iphase I B 1
V P IP P 1 0 1
Vs C
I M IseqM M Fault Type Control
Is Iseq
1 = No Fault (0)
Iseq 2 = A-G Fault (1)
P IseqP P
3 = B-C Fault (6)
4 = ABC Fault (7)
M VseqM 5 = BCG Fault (10)
6 = ABCG Fault (11)
Vseq
P VseqP

Vs
400
300
200
Voltage (kV)

100
0
-100
-200
-300
-400
Is
3.0
2.0
Current (kA)

1.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
-3.0

flt

TripSignal

0.000 0.050 0.100 0.150 0.200 0.250 0.300 ...

...
...

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 [process_signals1]

SIMPLE DISTANCE PROTECTION SCHEME

Signal Processing Page

v
v vam vbm vcm
1 1 1 vam |A| |P| vpm
Mag1 Mag2 Mag3 /_A /_P vamvbmvcm vpmvnmvzm
(7) (7) (7) vap vpp
1

1
2
3

1
2
3
X1 Ph1 vm vseqm
Va (7) 1 vbm |B| |N| vnm
FFT A +
2 X2 Ph2 vap /_B B - /_N vapvbpvcp vppvnpvzp
(7) 1 vbp C 0 vnp

1
2
3

1
2
3
vp vseqp
3 Ph3 vbp vcm |C| |Z| vzm
X3 F = 60.0 [Hz]
(7) 1 /_C /_Z
dc1 dc2 dc3 vcp vcp vzp
FFT to extract proc...
fundamental proc... proc... Vam
magnitudes and
Vpm proc... Vap
phases.
Vpp
vpm vap
-2 2
vpp vam
-2 2 -2 2
Find the sequence #NaN
-2 2
#NaN components #NaN proc...
proc... #NaN proc... Vbm
Vnm proc... Vbp
Vnp vbm
vnm vbp
0 140
vnp
-2 2 -2 2
#NaN
-2 2
#NaN #NaN proc...
proc... #NaN proc... Vcm
Vzm proc... Vcp
Vzp vcm
vzm vcp
-2 2
vzp
-2 2 -2 2
#NaN
-2 2
#NaN #NaN
#NaN
i
i iam ibm icm iam |A| |P| ipm
1 1 1 /_A /_P
Mag1 Mag2 Mag3 iap ipp iamibmicm ipminmizm
(7) (7) (7) ibm inm
1 |B| |N|

1
2
3

1
2
3
X1 Ph1 A + im iseqm
(7) 1 /_B B - /_N
FFT
C 0
2 X2 Ph2 iap ibp inp iap ibp icp ipp inp izp
(7) 1 icm |C| |Z| izm
1
2
3

1
2
3
ip iseqp
3 Ph3 ibp /_C /_Z
X3 F = 60.0 [Hz]
(7) 1 icp izp proc...
dc1 dc2 dc3 icp proc... iap proc...
iam icp
iam
process_signals1 : Graphs iap icp
-2 2
-2 2 -2 2
#NaN
process_signals1 : Graphs #NaN proc... #NaN
proc... ibp
process_signals1 : Graphs ibm ibm

process_signals1 : Graphs ibp

-2 2
-2 2
process_signals1 : Graphs #NaN
#NaN
process_signals1 : Graphs icm proc... proc...
icm ipp
process_signals1 : Graphs

process_signals1 : Graphs
-2 2 -2 2
ipp
process_signals1 : Graphs #NaN #NaN
proc... proc...
process_signals1 : Graphs ipm ipm inp

process_signals1 : Graphs
proc... inp
-2 2 -2 2
process_signals1 : Graphs inm
inm #NaN #NaN
proc...
izp
-2 2
proc...
#NaN izm izp

-2 2
izm
#NaN
-2 2

#NaN

-2-
 [dist_relay1]

SIMPLE DISTANCE PROTECTION SCHEME

Protection Scheme Page

vm

vp

dist_relay1 : XY Plot
im
X Coordinate Y Coordinate
ip Rb Xb
iseqm
iseqp Rc Xc
Rcircle Xcircle
iseqm 50
+y
40
iseqp 30
3
3

vm vp im ip izm izp 20
10
-x +x
0
1 VM -10
1 VP -20
1 IM Va R Ra R 1 -30
21
1 IP X -40
Ia+ kI 0 A -y
I0M 2 -50
X -50 -30 -10 10 30 50
I0P Xa
Aperture Width 0.3

2 VM Position
2 VP
2 IM Va R Rb R 21 1
2 IP X dist_relay1 : XY Plot
I + kI B
I0M a 0 X 2
Xb X Coordinate Y Coordinate
I0P
Rbc Xbc
Rca Xca
3 VM
Rcircle Xcircle
3 VP
50
3 IM Va R Rc R 21 1 +y
40
3 IP X
I + kI C 30
I0M a 0 X 2
Xc 20
I0P
10
-x +x
0
-10
1 VM1 -20
1 VP1 -30
1 IM1 -40
-y
1 IP1 Va - Vb R RabR 21 -50
-50 -30 -10 10 30 50
2 VM2 X
VP2
Ia - Ib Aperture Width 0.3
2 X
2 IM2 Xab Position
2 IP2

2 VM1
2 VP1
2 IM1 1
2 IP1 Va - Vb R RbcR 21 2
3 VM2 X 3
VP2
Ia - Ib
3 X
3 IM2 Xbc
3 IP2

3 VM1
3 VP1
3 IM1
3 IP1 Va - Vb R RcaR 21
1 VM2 X Ra Rab
VP2
Ia - Ib
1 X
1 IM2 Xca Xa Xab
1 IP2
Rb Rbc

Xb Xbc

60.0 5.5 F
Freq Rc Rca
Mag
Cos D + + Rcircle
32.0 Xc Xca
Phase
Phase

32.0 Sin D + + Xcircle

Mag
Freq F
60.0 31.5

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