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1 05
2 07
2.1 07
2.2 08
2.3 11
3 12
3.1 (NCR) 12
3.2 (NEN) 12
3.3 (NVU) 13
3.4 (NNT) 13
3.5 (DD) 14
3.6 (LC) 14
4 18
5 19
6 19
20
Contents
Abstract
1 Introduction 21
2 Assessment process 23
5 Acknowledgements 34
6 References 35
/ /
Manis pentadactyla pentadactyla Viverricula indica taivana
Formosan pangolin Formosan small Indian civet
NVU B1b(iii)c(iv) NVU B1ab(iii)
/ /
4 2017
2017
*
* : cswei@tesri.gov.tw
(International Union for Conservation of Nature, IUCN)
85 5 (Not Applicable) 80
12 (Nationally Threatened)
(Nationally Critical) 2 ( )
(Nationally Endangered) 3 ( ) (Nationally
Vulnerable) 7 (
) 5 (Nationally Near-threatened) (
)
15.0% 6.3% 4 2
( )1 ( )1
(Nationally Extinct)( )
80 5
85
2
3
12
5
7
15.0 % 6.3 %
The Red List of Terrestrial Mammals of Taiwan, 2017 5
1.
1. IUCN EX
EW
RE
CR
EN
VU
NT
LC
DD
NA
NE
6 2017
Prionailurus bengalensis
Leopard cat
NEN B1b(iii)c(iv); C2b
/
2.
1.
Cynopterus sphinx
(Vahl, 1797) LC
Rousettus leschenaultii
(Desmarest, 1820) LC
Scotophilus sp.
--
Rattus exulans
Motokawa et al. (2001)
(Peale, 1848) LC
2.2
IUCN C. D.
(IUCN 2012b) E.
(Sub-criterion)
(Qualiers) (logic tree)
( 2)
(Nationally Critical, NCR)
(Nationally Endangered, NEN)
(Nationally Vulnerable, NVU)
(Nationally Near-threatened,
NNT) IUCN
IUCN (Near Threatened, NT)
12 (IUCN
Standards and Petitions Subcommittee ( 2)
2016)A. B.
The Red List of Terrestrial Mammals of Taiwan, 2017 9
A. ( 10 3 )
A1 90% 70% 50% 30%
A1.
(a) A3
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
A2. A1
A3. A1 ( 100 )
A4. A1
10 2017
B. ( B1 B2 )
B1. (EOO) < 100 < 5,000 < 20,000 <20,000
( NT )
(a)
=1 5 10 10
C.
< 250 < 2,500 < 10,000 <20,000
C1 C2
C1.
3 5 10 10
25% 20% 10% 10%
( 100 )
C2.
a(i)
50 250 1,000 1,000
a(ii)
90% 95% 100% 100%
(b)
D.
E.
10 20
100 100
10% 5%
50% 20%
The Red List of Terrestrial Mammals of Taiwan, 2017 11
2.3
10 3
(IUCN
2012a)
12 2017
3.
3.1 (NCR)
(B)/
(V) ()
Pteropus dasymallus formosus
Sclater, 1873 B A2a; B2ab(v); C1; D NT <1
Lutra lutra
(Linnaeus, 1758) B C2a(i)b; D NT <1
3.2 (NEN)
(B)/
(V) ()
Vespertilio sinensis
(Peters, 1880) B A2a; B1ab(v); C1 LC <1
Ursus thibetanus formosanus
Swinhoe, 1864 B B1ac(iv); C2a(i) VU <1
Prionailurus bengalensis
(Kerr, 1792 B B1b(iii)c(iv); C2b LC <1
The Red List of Terrestrial Mammals of Taiwan, 2017 13
3.3 (NVU)
(B)/
(V) ()
Coelops frithii formosanus
A2a; B1ac(iv);
Horikawa, 1928 B LC <1
C2a(i); D1
Chimarrogale himalayica
(Gray, 1842) B B1ab(iii)c(iv) LC <1
3.4 (NNT)
(B)/
(V) ()
Eothenomys melanogaster
(Milne-Edwards, 1871) B B1b(iii) LC <5
Microtus kikuchii
Kuroda, 1920 B B1b(iii) NT 100
Capricornis swinhoei
Gray, 1862 B B1c(iv) LC 100
14 2017
3.5 (DD)
(B)/
(V) ()
Harpiocephalus harpia
(Temminck, 1840) B LC <5
Hypsugo pulveratus
(Peters, 1871) ? LC <1
Myotis soror
Ruedi, Csorba, Lin & Chou, 2015 B NE 100
Chodsigoa sodalis
Thomas, 1913 B DD 100
3.6 (LC)
(B)/
(V) ()
Rhinolophus formosae
Sanborn, 1939 B NT 100
Rhinolophus monoceros
Anderson, 1905 B LC 100
Hipposideros armiger terasensis
Kishida, 1924 B LC <5
Arielulus torquatus
Csorba and Lee, 1999 B LC 100
Barbastella darjelingensis
Hodgson, 1855 B NE <10
Eptesicus serotinus horikawai
Kishida, 1924 B LC <5
Kerivoula furva
Kuo et al., 2017 B NE <10
Harpiola isodon
Kuo, Fang, Csorba & Lee, 2006 B DD ?
The Red List of Terrestrial Mammals of Taiwan, 2017 15
3.6 (LC) ()
(B)/
(V) ()
Myotis fimbriatus taiwanensis
rnbck-Christie-Linde, 1908 B LC <10
Myotis frater
Allen, 1923 B DD <5
Myotis laniger
(Peters, 1870) B LC <5
Myotis rufoniger
(Tomes, 1858) NE ?
Myotis secundus
Ruedi, Csorba, Lin & Chou, 2015 B NE 100
Murina bicolor
Kuo, Fang, Csorba & Lee, 2009 B NE 100
Murina gracilis
Kuo, Fang, Csorba & Lee, 2009 B NE 100
Murina puta
Kishida, 1924 B NT 100
Murina recondita
Kuo, Fang, Csorba & Lee, 2009 B NE 100
Pipistrellus abramus
(Temminck, 1838) B LC <5
Pipistrellus montanus
, 2007 B NE ?
Pipistrellus taiwanensis
, 2007 B NE ?
Plecotus taivanus
Yoshiyuki, 1991 B NT 100
Scotophilus kuhlii
Leach, 1821 B LC <5
16 2017
3.6 (LC) ()
(B)/
(V) ()
Submyotodon latirostris
(Kishida, 1932) B NE 100
Miniopterus fuliginosus
Hodgson, 1835 B NE <5
Tadarida insignis
Blyth, 1862 B DD <20
Mogera insularis insularis
(Swinhoe, 1863) B LC <10
Mogera kanoana
Kawada et al., 2007 B NE 100
Anourosorex yamashinai
Kuroda, 1935 B LC 100
Crocidura rapax
Allen, 1923 B DD <20
Crocidura shantungensis
Miller, 1901 B LC <10
Crocidura tanakae
Kuroda, 1938 B LC 100
Episoriculus fumidus
(Thomas, 1913) B LC 100
Suncus murinus
(Linnaeus, 1766) B LC <5
Belomys pearsonii kaleensis
(Swinhoe, 1863) B DD <10
Callosciurus erythraeus
thaiwanensis
B LC <5
(Bonhote, 1901)
Dremomys pernyi owstoni
(Thomas, 1908) B LC <10
Petaurista alborufus lena
Thomas, 1907 B LC <10
The Red List of Terrestrial Mammals of Taiwan, 2017 17
3.6 (LC) ()
(B)/
(V) ()
Petaurista philippensis grandis
(Swinhoe, 1863) B LC <5
Apodemus agrarius
(Pallas, 1771) B LC <1
Apodemus semotus
Thomas, 1908 B LC 100
Bandicota indica
(Bechstein, 1800) B LC <5
Micromys minutus
(Pallas, 1771) B LC <1
Mus caroli
Bonhote, 1902 B LC <5
Mus musculus
Linnaeus, 1758 B LC <1
Niviventer coninga
(Swinhoe, 1864) B LC 100
Niviventer culturatus
(Thomas, 1917) B NT 100
Rattus losea
(Swinhoe, 1871) B LC <5
Rattus norvegicus
(Berkenhout, 1769) B LC <1
Rattus tanezumi
Temminck, 1844 B LC <5
18 2017
3.6 (LC) ()
(B)/
(V) ()
Paguma larvata taivana
Swinhoe, 1863 B LC <5
Muntiacus reevesi micrurus
(Sclater, 1875) B LC <5
Sus scrofa taivanus
(Swinhoe, 1863) B LC <1
Macaca cyclopis
(Swinhoe, 1863) B LC 100
Lepus sinensis formosus
Thomas, 1908 B LC <5
4.
80 4 IUCN (2016)
2 ( EN VU )1 (NT)1
(RE)
(B)/
(V) ( )
Ursus thibetanus formosanus
Swinhoe, 1864 B EN VU <1
Neofelis nebulosa brachyura
(Swinhoe, 1863) B RE VU 0
Rusa unicolor swinhoii
(Sclater, 1862) B NT VU <1
Manis pentadactyla pentadactyla
Linnaeus, 1758 B VU CR <5
The Red List of Terrestrial Mammals of Taiwan, 2017 19
5.
Mark Bruce Wilkie
6.
2015 ( )
Chiang, P.-J., K. J.-C. Pei, M. Vaughan, C.-F. Li, M.-T. Chen, J.-N. Liu, C.-Y. Lin, L.-K. Lin, and Y.-C. Lai. 2015. Is
the clouded leopard Neofelis nebulosa extinct in Taiwan, and could it be reintroduced? An assessment
of prey and habitat. Oryx 49:261269.
IUCN. 2012a. Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0.
IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.
IUCN. 2012b. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland
and Cambridge, UK.
IUCN 2016. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2016-3. <http://www.iucnredlist.org>.
Downloaded on 01 December 2016.
IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. 2016. Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and
Criteria. Version. 12. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. Downloadable from http://
www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf.
Kawada, S. I., A. Shinohara, S. Kobayashi, M. Harada, S. I. Oda, and L.-K. Lin. 2007. Revision of the mole
genus Mogera (Mammalia: Lipotyphla: Talpidae) from Taiwan. Systematics & Biodiversity 5:223-240.
Kuo, H.-C., P. Soisook, Y.-Y. Ho, G. Csorba, C.-N. Wang, and S. J. Rossiter. 2017. A taxonomic revision of the
Kerivoula hardwickii complex (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) with the description of a new species. Acta
Chiropterologica 19:19-39.
Lin, L.-K., M. Motokawa, and M. Harada. 2010. A new subspecies of the least weasel Mustela nivalis (Mammalia,
Carnivora) from Taiwan. Mammal study 35:191-200.
Motokawa, M., K.-H. Lu, M. Harada, and L.-K. Lin. 2001. New records of the Polynesian rat Rattus exulans
(Mammalia: Rodentia) from Taiwan and the Ryukyus. Zoological Studies 40:299-304.
Rodrigues, A. S. L., J. D. Pilgrim, J. F. Lamoreux, M. Hoffmann, and T. M. Brooks. 2006. The value of the IUCN
Red List for conservation. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 21:71-76.
Townsend, A. J., P. J. de Lange, C. A. J. Duffy, C. M. Miskelly, J. Molloy, and D. A. Norton. 2007. New Zealand
Threat Classication System manual. Science & Technical Publishing, Department of Conservation,
Wellington, New Zealand.
Wilson, D. E. and D. M. Reeder. 2005. Mammal species of the world: a taxonomic and geographic reference.
Third edition. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
20 2017
Abstract
In this report, all wild terrestrial mammals in Taiwan were assessed in accordance with the
categories and criteria recommended by the International Union for Conservation of Nature to
compile a national red list of threatened species. A total of 85 terrestrial mammals were included
in the candidate assessment list, five of which were determined to be not applicable to regional
assessment, and the remaining 80 species underwent evaluation. The results indicated that in
Taiwan, 12 terrestrial mammals are nationally threatened, of which two (i.e., Pteropus dasymallus
formosus and Lutra lutra) are nationally critical, three (i.e., Vespertilio sinensis, Ursus thibetanus
formosanus and Prionailurus bengalensis) are nationally endangered, and seven (i.e., Coelops
frithii formosanus, Myotis formosus flavus, Chimarrogale himalayica, Martes flavigula chrysospila,
Mustela nivalis formosana, Viverricula indica taivana, and Manis pentadactyla pentadactyla) are
nationally vulnerable. Additionally, five species (i.e., Eothenomys melanogaster, Microtus kikuchii,
Herpestes urva formosanus, Rusa unicolor swinhoii, and Capricornis swinhoei) are nationally
near-threatened. Nationally threatened and near-threatened terrestrial mammal species account
for 15.0% and 6.3% the total assessed species, respectively. Four globally threatened terrestrial
mammals were found in Taiwan, of which two (i.e., Ursus thibetanus formosanus and Manis
pentadactyla pentadactyla) are nationally threatened, one (i.e., Rusa unicolor swinhoii) is nationally
near-threatened, and one ( i.e., Neofelis nebulosa brachyura) is nationally extinct.
Subsequent Evaluation
80 Candidate
5 Not Applicable
Species
Nationally Critical
Nationally Endangered
85
Nationally Vulnerable
2
3
Nationally Nationally
Threatened Near-threatened
12 Taxa
5Taxa
7
Percent of
the evaluated species 15.0 % Percent of
the evaluated species 6.3 %
The Red List of Terrestrial Mammals of Taiwan, 2017 21
1. Introduction
The risk of species or taxon extinction is critical Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels
in conservation management. Compiling a list of have also become key references for numerous
species by threat level is a key step in prioritizing countries in evaluating and listing their nationally
rehabilitation projects, research, monitoring, and threatened species (Townsend et al. 2007; IUCN
other conservation measures. Moreover, the list 2012a). This standardized assessment method
can also serve as a primary tool for obtaining facilitated legislation and law implementation
social supporting in habitat protection as well in numerous countries and further improved
as supporting decision-making for resource the comprehensiveness of the global red list of
deployment (Townsend et al. 2007). threatened species (Rodrigues et al. 2006).
Since it was first published in 1964, the If a country or region claims that its red list was
International Union for Conservation of Nature generated in accordance with the IUCN system,
(IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species, which the assessment must be conducted unbiasedly
was compiled by the IUCN Species Survival according to the IUCN Red List Categories and
Commission, has become the principal reference Criteria (IUCN 2012b). A region refers to any
for assessing trends in the conservation status spatial scope on Earth that can be clearly defined,
of species worldwide (Rodrigues et al. 2006; such as a continent, country, state, or province
IUCN 2016). Its categories of conservation (IUCN 2012a). When the scope of threatened
status (Fig. 1), assessment criteria, and the later taxa assessment is reduced from the global to a
published Guidelines for Application of IUCN regional level, distinctions between indigenous
Regionally Extinct RE
Threatened categories
Extinction risk
Critically Endangered CR
Adequate data
Endangered EN
Vulnerable VU
Evaluated
Near Threatened NT
Least Concern LC
Eligible for Regional
Assessment
Data Deficient DD
Not Evaluated NE
22 2017
and introduced species and between breeding species was classified as critically endangered
and nonbreeding species naturally emerge. (CR), three as vulnerable (VU), seven as near-
Moreover, regional phenomena in which previously threatened (NT), six as data deficient (DD), and
native species have become extinct may also be 55 as least concern (LC). IUCN (2016) performed
identified (IUCN 2012a). This study adopted the the risk assessment of species under threat on
IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria V. 3.1 as the a global scale, with species as a unit. Therefore,
assessment categories and criteria (IUCN 2012b). of the 72 species, the global assessment of 16
However, because of discrepancies in spatial endemic species is identical to the regional
scale, if the aforementioned standard criteria are assessment of Taiwan; however, the assessment
applied to evaluate species that occupy an area of the remaining 56 species is not limited to the
exceeding the evaluated scope, the thresholds Taiwan region. Adding the 56 species to the 13
set in the assessment process and criteria may species not included on the IUCN Red List (2016)
be inappropriate. Therefore, corresponding yielded 69 species, which account for 81% of
adjustments must be made. The Guidelines for Taiwans terrestrial mammals, showing that for
Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional most terrestrial mammals in Taiwan, regional Red
and National Levels provide suggestions on the Listbased assessment remains lacking. Therefore,
adjustments (IUCN 2012a). this study collected various data, including the
distribution, population trends, number, and
Of the existing 85 terrestrial mammals in
causes of threats of all wild terrestrial mammals in
Taiwan, 72 were evaluated in the IUCN Global
Taiwan, to assess their current threat status.
Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN 2016). One
The Red List of Terrestrial Mammals of Taiwan, 2017 23
2. Assessment process
The following section summarizes the process and method adopted to assess the threatened statuses of
all terrestrial mammals in Taiwan:
Rattus exulans
Newly exotic species recorded by Motokawa et al. (2001).
(Peale, 1848) LC
Only recorded in Hualien County to date.
Pacic rat
Cervus nippon taiouanus The original population in the wild has gone extinct. The
Blyth, 1860 LC existing wild population is descended from artificially bred
Formosan sika individuals that were released into the wild.
24 2017
Table 2. A simplified overview of Red List criteria adopted in this study. Modified from IUCN Standards and Petitions
Subcommittee (2016)
Use any of the criteria A-E Critically Endangered Endangered Vulnerable Near Threatened
A. Population size reduction (declines measured over the longer of 10 years or 3 generations)
A1 90% 70% 50% 30%
A1. Population reduction observed, estimated, inferred, or suspected in the past where the causes of the reduction are clearly
reversible AND understood AND have ceased, based on and specifying any of the following:
(a)
direct observation. [except A3]
(b)
an index of abundance appropriate to the taxon.
(c)
a decline in area of occupancy (AOO), extent of occurrence (EOO) and/or habitat quality.
(d)
actual or potential levels of exploitation.
(e)
effects of introduced taxa, hybridization, pathogens, pollutants, competitors or parasites.
A2. Population reduction observed, estimated, inferred, or suspected in the past where the causes of the reduction may not have
ceased OR may not be understood OR may not be reversible.
A3. Population reduction projected, inferred or suspected to be met in the future (up to a maximum of 100 years) [(a) cannot be used
for A3]
A4. An observed, estimated, inferred, projected or suspected population reduction where the time period must include both the
past and the future (up to a max. of 100 years in future), and where the causes of reduction may not have ceased OR may not be
understood OR may not be reversible.
The Red List of Terrestrial Mammals of Taiwan, 2017 25
Use any of the criteria A-E Critically Endangered Endangered Vulnerable Near Threatened
B. Geographic range in the form of either B1 (extent of occurrence) AND/OR B2 (area of occupancy)
B1. Extent of occurrence (EOO) < 100 km2 < 5,000 km2 < 20,000 km2 < 20,000 km2
B2. Area of occupancy (AOO) < 10 km2 < 500 km2 < 2,000 km2 < 2,000 km2
AND at least 2 of the following 3 conditions (at least one for Near-threatened category):
(b) Continuing decline observed, estimated, inferred or projected in any of: (i) extent of occurrence; (ii) area of occupancy; (iii) area,
extent and/or quality of habitat; (iv) number of locations or subpopulations; (v) number of mature individuals
(c) Extreme fluctuations in any of: (i) extent of occurrence; (ii) area of occupancy; (iii) number of locations or subpopulations; (iv)
number of mature individuals
C2. An observed, estimated, projected or inferred continuing decline AND at least one of the following 3 conditions:
AND/OR
E. Quantitative Analysis
50% in 10 years 20% in 20 years
Indicating the probability of
or 3 generations or 5 generations 10% in 100 years 5% in 100 years
extinction in the wild to be:
(100 year max.) (100 year max.)
26 2017
The assessment results revealed that two brachyura) (Chiang et al. 2015); and four species
species were categorized as nationally critical were deemed data deficient (DD). The scientific
(NCR), three as nationally endangered (NEN), and names of taxa basically follow those provided by
seven as nationally vulnerable (NVU) for a total of Wilson and Reeder (2005); those of some recently
12 nationally threatened species. Moreover, five described species or subspecies either follow
species were determined to be nationally near- the names used in the studies in which they were
threatened (NNT). Nationally threatened and first published (Kawada et al. 2007; Lin et al. 2010;
nationally near-threatened species accounted Kuo et al. 2017) or in the bat species list (Cheng
for 15.0% and 6.3% of the 80 assessed species of et al. 2015). The assessment data of all terrestrial
terrestrial mammals, respectively. Additionally, one mammals in this report can be accessed by
species was considered to be nationally extinct contacting the corresponding author.
(the Formosan clouded leopard Neofelis nebulosa
Lutra lutra
(Linnaeus, 1758) B C2a(i)b; D NT <1
European otter
Vespertilio sinensis
(Peters, 1880) B A2a; B1ab(v); C1 LC <1
Asian particolored bat
Prionailurus bengalensis
(Kerr, 1792 B B1b(iii)c(iv); C2b LC <1
Leopard cat
28 2017
Chimarrogale himalayica
(Gray, 1842) B B1ab(iii)c(iv) LC <1
Himalayan water shrew
Eothenomys melanogaster
(Milne-Edwards, 1871) B B1b(iii) LC <5
Pere David's red-backed vole
Microtus kikuchii
Kuroda, 1920 B B1b(iii) NT 100
Taiwan vole
Capricornis swinhoei
Gray, 1862 B B1c(iv) LC 100
Formosan serow
The Red List of Terrestrial Mammals of Taiwan, 2017 29
Harpiocephalus harpia
(Temminck, 1840) B LC <5
Lesser hairy-winged bat
Hypsugo pulveratus
(Peters, 1871) ? LC <1
Chinese pipistrelle
Myotis soror
Ruedi, Csorba, Lin & Chou, 2015 B NE 100
Reddish whiskered bat
Chodsigoa sodalis
Thomas, 1913 B DD 100
Lesser Taiwanese shrew
Rhinolophus formosae
Sanborn, 1939 B NT 100
Formosan greater horseshoe bat
Rhinolophus monoceros
Anderson, 1905 B LC 100
Formosan lesser horseshoe bat
Arielulus torquatus
Csorba and Lee, 1999 B LC 100
Yellow-necked sprite
Barbastella darjelingensis
Hodgson, 1855 B NE <10
Eastern barbastelle
Kerivoula furva
Kuo et al., 2017 B NE <10
Dark wolly bat
Harpiola isodon
Kuo, Fang, Csorba & Lee, 2006 B DD ?
Golden-tipped tube-nosed bat
30 2017
Myotis frater
Allen, 1923 B DD <5
Long-tailed whiskered bat
Myotis laniger
(Peters, 1870) B LC <5
Chinese water myotis
Myotis rufoniger
(Tomes, 1858) B NE ?
Red and black myotis
Myotis secundus
Ruedi, Csorba, Lin & Chou, 2015 B NE 100
Taiwan long-toed myotis
Murina bicolor
Kuo, Fang, Csorba & Lee, 2009 B NE 100
Yellow-chested tube-nosed bat
Murina gracilis
Kuo, Fang, Csorba & Lee, 2009 B NE 100
Taiwan little tube-nosed bat
Murina puta
Kishida, 1924 B NT 100
Taiwan tube-nosed bat
Murina recondita
Kuo, Fang, Csorba & Lee, 2009 B NE 100
Faint-golden little tube-nosed bat
Pipistrellus abramus
(Temminck, 1838) B LC <5
Japanese pipistrelle
Pipistrellus montanus
Wu, 2007 B NE ?
Mountain pipistrelle
Pipistrellus taiwanensis
Wu, 2007 B NE ?
Taiwanese pipistrelle
Plecotus taivanus
Yoshiyuki, 1991 B NT 100
Taiwan long-eared bat
The Red List of Terrestrial Mammals of Taiwan, 2017 31
Scotophilus kuhlii
Leach, 1821 B LC <5
Chestnut bat
Submyotodon latirostris
(Kishida, 1932) B NE 100
Taiwan broad-muzzled mouse-eared bat
Miniopterus fuliginosus
Hodgson, 1835 B NE <5
Eastern bent-winged bat
Tadarida insignis
Blyth, 1862 B DD <20
Oriental free-tailed bat
Mogera kanoana
Kawada et al., 2007 B NE 100
Kano's mole
Anourosorex yamashinai
Kuroda, 1935 B LC 100
Formosan mole-shrew
Crocidura rapax
Allen, 1923 B DD <20
Long-tailed white-toothed shrew
Crocidura shantungensis
Miller, 1901 B LC <10
Asian lesser white-toothed shrew
Crocidura tanakae
Kuroda, 1938 B LC 100
Taiwanese grey shrew
Episoriculus fumidus
(Thomas, 1913) B LC 100
Taiwan long-tailed shrew
Suncus murinus
(Linnaeus, 1766) B LC <5
Asian house shrew
32 2017
Apodemus agrarius
(Pallas, 1771) B LC <1
Striped eld mouse
Apodemus semotus
Thomas, 1908 B LC 100
Taiwan eld mouse
Bandicota indica
(Bechstein, 1800) B LC <5
Greater bandicoot rat
Micromys minutus
(Pallas, 1771) B LC <1
Harvest mouse
Mus caroli
Bonhote, 1902 B LC <5
Ryukyu mouse
Mus musculus
Linnaeus, 1758 B LC <1
House mouse
The Red List of Terrestrial Mammals of Taiwan, 2017 33
Niviventer coninga
(Swinhoe, 1864) B LC 100
Taiwan spiny niviventer
Niviventer culturatus
(Thomas, 1917) B NT 100
Taiwan soft-furred niviventer
Rattus losea
(Swinhoe, 1871) B LC <5
Losea rat
Rattus norvegicus
(Berkenhout, 1769) B LC <1
Brown rat
Rattus tanezumi
Temminck, 1844 B LC <5
Oriental house rat
Macaca cyclopis
(Swinhoe, 1863) B LC 100
Formosan macaque
Manis pentadactyla
pentadactyla
B VU CR <5
Linnaeus, 1758
Formosan pangolin
5. Acknowledgements
The authors express their sincere thanks to Dr. Hau-Jie Shiu, who assisted in analyzing the species
geographic range, and Shan-Li Hsu, Chia-Hsien Liu, Kuang-Lung Huang, Chiun-Hsiang Chang, Cheng-Han
Chou, and Yu-Chi Ho, who assisted in assessment data collection and arrangement. We also thank Mark
Bruce Wilkie for his help editing the English.
Lutra lutra
European otter
NCR C2a(i)b; D
/
The Red List of Terrestrial Mammals of Taiwan, 2017 35
6. References
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Kerivoula hardwickii complex (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) with the description of a new species. Acta
Chiropterologica 19:19-39.
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2017
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Citation Cheng, H.-C., L.-W. Changchien, R.-S. Lin, C.-H. Yang, and S.-W. Chang.
2017. The Red List of Terrestrial Mammals of Taiwan, 2017. Endemic Species
Research Institute and Forestry Bureau, Council of Agriculture, Executive
Yuan, Nantou, Taiwan.
Red Lists of Taiwan Ser ies 05