CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

The Bicol Region is one of the fastest growing region in the Philippines, known for its rich

resources from food, clothing, and man power. Having a 6 provinces, 7 cities, 107 municipalities

and over a 3,471 barangays, the region is estimated to have a 18,155.82 km2(7,010.00 sq mi) area.

With this, the Regions economy and potential is yet to rise up.

As of today, the Bicol regions population has increases by 1.29% from 2010 to 20151. A

rapid increase on its economy that offers different job opportunities to its people is therefore in-

demand. With a massive population growth, workers are forced to push there self to the limit in

order to maintain their jobs and often pursue different carriers. With this, signs of healthcare

issues are being seen in many of them.

Camarines Sur has the largest land are and population amongst the other provinces in Bicol

region, it is also the home for the only psychiatric hospital in the region. The Don Susano Memorial

Mental Hospital located at barangay Cadlan, Pili, Camarines Sur. It is supervised by Bicol Medical

Center and is currently facing major problems both architecturally and resources.

Psychological healthcare is one of the top healthcare issues that often struck various

people. Ordinary people who are working, studying and even elders that have no idea that they

are already experiencing signs of psychological issues. Thus, this proposal has been made, in order

to establish, collect and organize datas and informations that will address the current issue.

1
Population of Region V - Bicol (Based on the 2015 Census ... (n.d.). Retrieved July 6, 2017, from
https://psa.gov.ph/content/population-region-v-bicol-based-2015-census-population
 A. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

In Southeast Asia the Philippines is the leading country in terms of psychiatric disorders,

with a ratio of 1 out of 5 Filipinos suffer from mental or psychiatric disorder.2

Individuals who need psychiatric health care is rapidly increasing, thus the Don Susano

Rodriguez Memorial Mental Hospital was established in 1984 at Barangay Cadlan, Pili, Camarines

Sur under the jurisdiction, supervision and control of the Bicol Medical Center (BMC). The lot was

donated by Don Susano Rodriguez, a philanthropist who owns huge tracts of land.

Millions are mentally ill, yet there are only about 700 psychiatrists and about 1,000

psychiatric nurses in the country. Latest available data from the Department of Health (DOH)

showed that up to 17-20 percent of adults and up to 10-15 percent of children in the Philippines

have mental illnesses.3

Its not a surprise that the number of individuals suffering from psychological illness are

increasing. But surprisingly the number of individuals who commits suicide also increases. This

only indicate that mental healthcare cannot cope up with the rapid increase of psychologically ill

individuals and therefore cannot provide proper treatment and medication.

2
ABS-CBN News. (2016, October 6). 1 in 5 Filipinos suffer from mental health disorder, says solon.
Retrieved July 6, 2017, from http://news.abs-cbn.com/news/10/06/16/1-in-5-filipinos-suffer-from-
mental-health-disorder-says-solon
3
VARDELEON, M. Y. (2016, October 03). Mental illness still neglected in PH. Retrieved July 06, 2017, from
http://www.manilatimes.net/mental-illness-still-neglected-in-ph/289277/
 B. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Don Susano Memorial Mental Hospital was established under the supervision and control

of the Bicol Medical Center to treat individuals that need mental health care. Individuals that show

signs of psychiatric disorders that sometimes cause harm not only to patient but to other people.

The facility includes 200-bed capacity; five male wards, a strap room and an isolation room.

However by the year 2000 Don Susano Rodriguez Memorial Mental Hospital took media center

stage as it reflected the sorry state of public hospital in the Philippines.4 The public mental facility

which was originally built to accommodate and treat 200 indigent patients basically lacks

important facilities, equipment, rooms, offices and medical professionals to provide proper

service. In present, the isolation room quite ironically contains four patients. Meanwhile, mental

patients literally sleep on the floor inside the wards.

In January 27, 2015 a psychologically ill patient sustained multiple injuries due to a road

mishap along Maharlika Highway in Brgy. Palestina, Pili. Initial police investigation revealed that

the patient had escaped from the Hospital suddenly cross the road with-out any hesitation, while

a moving truck bound north was passing by and eventually hitting the unaware patient.

Because of the hospitals location, which is in between a residential area and an elementary

school, the safety and security of both the town folks and patients is at risk. Lack of important

facilities, unsustainable design and improper location are the major concerns of the Hospital.

Thus, the idea of putting up a new and modernized structure that will cater psychologically

ill patients across the Camarines Sur and Camarines Norte. Proper, Convenient and complete

facilities, Security wise planning for the patients and medical personnel strategically placed in a

fine environment.

4
B. (2005, December 11). A Diagnosis of Public Hospitals. Retrieved July 06, 2017, from
http://bulatlat.com/news/5-44/5-44-hospitals.htm
 C. PROJECT OBJECTIVES

The proposed Camarines Psychiatric and Custodial Care Center aims to introduce new and

complete facilities which will provide sufficient medical assistance for the entire Camarines

Provinces.

1. Develop a proper, sustainable, and security wise psychiatric and custodial

care center location which will provide proper treatment and medication

while giving the patients an un-isolated environment.

2. Provide complete facilities, laboratories and equipment to give proper

medical solutions and treatments.

3. To lessen the number of individuals who are psychologically ill in the streets

that will result to an increase of commercial investments throughout the

Camarines provinces.

4. Provide mental health awareness to the whole province and to its

community.

5. Provide proper psychiatric treatment and lessen the number of suicide

cases not only in the province but the entire region.

6. Educate and change the communities mind set on a person suffering from

psychiatric disorder.

7. Assist families that have relatives showing psychiatric disorders.

D. SCOPE AND LIMITATION
I. Scope

The scope of the study of this project is intended to improve the mental
health system in Bicol region. This study limits to the individuals undergoing
mental health issues Camarines Psychiatric and Custodial Care center includes the
following facilities that will provide rehabilitation program and mental health
assistance for Bicolanos to restore community function and well-being of the
patients.
BMIRC Facility:
Counselling
Ward
Mental health outpatient facility
Day-treatment facility
Community-based psychiatric inpatient units
Laboratory
Straproom
Isolation room
Administration office
Offices

II. Limitation
The plan and design of the project is limited to architectural plan and
innovations.

E. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The development of the Bicol Mental Institute and Rehabilitation Center has also seen
the variant perspectives of imposing the said project which are taken into
considerations of the following aspects:

A. To medical field
This project will introduce new medical techniques and procedure with
the help of state-of-the-art technologies and facilities.
B. To the community
This will encourage local and foreign commerce to invest in the region
due to cleaner and safer environment.
Family peers and other people will feel more relieve thinking that their
family members who are mentally ill are safe and well cared.

C. To the patients
Rehabilitation program for patients, diagnosed with mental disorder to
restore community function and well-being.
Enlightenment for the people that lacks knowledge about psychiatric
disorders.
 Specialized controlled environment for residents who require routine
assistance and treatment.

F. ASSUMPTIONS

G. DEFINITION OF TERMS AND CONCEPT

Mental health - Mental health includes our emotional, psychological, and social well-being. It
affects how we think, feel, and act. It also helps determine how we handle stress, relate to
others, and make choices. Mental health is important at every stage of life, from childhood and
adolescence through adulthood.

Mental Hospital - Psychiatric hospitals, also known as mental hospitals and mental asylums,
are hospitals or wards specializing in the treatment of serious psychiatric illnesses, such as
autism, down syndrome, clinical depression, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder.

A. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

(Domestic)
A. Mental Health System in the Philippines
By: World Health Organization Assessment Instrument for Mental Health Systems

The WHO Assessment Instrument for Mental Health Systems (WHO-AIMS) was
used to collect information on the mental health system in the Philippines including
the policy and legislative framework, mental health services, mental health in primary
health care, human resources, public education and links with other sectors, and
monitoring and research.

The Philippines have a National Mental Health Policy since 2001, which addresses
the main issues of mental health in the country. There is no mental health legislation,
but different stakeholders are currently working towards the passage of a mental
health act. A regular budget allocation exists for mental health. In 2005, over 10
million US dollars (five percent of the total health budget) was directed towards
mental health. There is a Commission on Human Rights mandated to review/inspect
human rights protection of patients.

The Philippines has all types of mental health facilities. At present, there are 2
mental hospitals, 46 outpatient facilities, 4 day treatment facilities, 19 community-
based psychiatric inpatient facilities and 15 community residential (custodial home-
care) facilities. The only mental hospital in the National Capital Region houses 4,200
beds, while almost all mental health facilities are located in major cities.

B. Psychiatric mental health nursing(seventh edition)

By: Louise Rebraca Shives

Since its inception, the goal has been to produce a textbook that addresses the
current concepts used in psychiatric-mental health nursing to foster competency in
 practising nurses and other mental health professionals. Several nursing journals were
reviewed to obtain information relevant to the content included in this text: ADVANCE
for nurses, ADVANCE for nurse practitioners, American journal for nurse practitioners,
American journal of nursing, clinical advisor: A forum for nurse practitioners, and the
journal of psychosocial and mental health nursing.

Retaining the following threads throughout the text: psychobiological and

development theories related to specific disorders: economic, spiritual, and religious
factors affecting mental health: cultural and ethnic diversity: loss and grief: the nurses
role in clinical psychopharmacology: management of pain and sleep disturbances:
client empowerment: and the utilization of behaviour therapy as a nursing
intervention when appropriate.
(International)

C. Foundations of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing

By: Margaret Jordan Halter

The role of the health care provider continuous to become more challenging as our
health care system is compromised by increasing federal cuts, lack of trained
personnel, and the dictates of health maintenance organizations (HMOs) and
behavioural health maintenance Organization (BHMOs) we nurses and our patients
are from increasingly diverse cultural and religious backgrounds, brining with us a
wide spectrum of beliefs and practices. An in-depth consideration and understanding
of cultural, religious/spiritual, and social practices is paramount in the administration
of appropriate and effective nursing care and is emphasized throughout this text.

UNIVERSITY OF NUEVA CACERES

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & ARCHITECTURE
J. Hernandez Ave., Naga City
Camarines Psychiatric and
Custodial Care Center
(A Proposed Thesis Project)

Proposed by:
Quinao, Vincent Joseph E.

Advisors:
Arch. Mariel May SL. Gamalinda, UAP
Arch. Casey Y. Abalayan, UAP
Arch. Augusto D. Bolo Jr., UAP