2011 Chemistry Preliminary ES

2011 Preliminary Paper
Disclaimer: This paper is written as a Preliminary

paper. It is designed to provide practice consistent
with the demands of the Preliminary course and its
examination. However, we do not guarantee it
predicts question content for a students actual
Preliminary examination.
2011
PRELIMINARY
EXAMINATION PAPER
Chemistry
Total Marks - 75
General Instructions Section I Pages 216

Reading Time 5 minutes 75 marks
Working Time 2 hours This section has two parts, Part A and Part B
Write using black or blue pen
Draw diagrams using pencil Part A 20 marks
Board-approved calculators Attempt Questions 120
may be used Allow about 30 minutes for this part
A data sheet and Periodic
Table are provided at the back Part B 55 marks
of this paper Attempt Questions 2131
Write your Student Number at Allow about 1 hour and 30 minutes for this part
the bottom of this page and on
page 8
THIS PAPER CANNOT BE RELEASED IN PUBLIC UNTIL AFTER 21st SEPTEMBER 2011
This paper is used with the understanding that it has a Security Period.
Student Number: __________________________________

Chemistry Preliminary 2011
Section I
75 marks
Part A 20 marks
Attempt Questions 120
Allow about 30 minutes for this part
Use the multiple-choice answer sheet for Questions 120
1 Which is the most correct name for P2O5?
(A) Potassium oxide

(B) Diphosphorus pentoxide
(C) Phosphorus(V) oxide
(D) Phosphoric oxide
The following information relates to Questions 24.
Audrey was carrying out a series of separations on a mixture of sand, salt, iron and
water. She used magnetic separation, filtration and evaporation to separate the four
components.
Her results are summarised below.
Mass of mixture 12.9 g

Mass of iron filings 2.1 g
Mass of filter paper 0.9 g
Mass of filter paper and sand 2.3 g
Mass of evaporating basin 27.2 g
Mass of evaporating basin and salt water solution before heating 34.1g
Mass of evaporating basin and salt crystals after heating 29.9 g
2 Salt and sand are both crystalline solids.
Which property difference is used to separate these two substances?
(A) Density
(B) Solubility
(C) Melting point
(D) Magnetic attraction
Total Education Centre 2011 2

3 Audrey found that the total mass of each component she separated and measured was
greater than the original mass of the mixture.
Which explanation is most likely?
(A) The components of the mixture reacted and created new products
(B) Some of the iron filings were not separated from the mixture and they
contaminated the salt
(C) Some of the salt evaporated away with the water
(D) The sand and filter paper were not completely dry before weighing
4 What is the approximate percentage of salt in the mixture?
(A) 20.9%
(B) 47.4%
(C) 53.5%
(D) 90.9%
5 Which particles both have an electron configuration of an inert gas?
(A) Chlorine atom, chloride ion

(B) Sodium atom, sodium ion
(C) Helium atom, lithium ion
(D) Hydrogen atom, helium atom

The following information relates to Questions 6 and 7.
Four substances W, X, Y and Z have the following properties.
Does it conduct electricity:

Substance Melting point (0C)
as a solid? as a liquid?
W 1392 no yes
X 1083 yes yes
Y 113 no no
Z 1700 no no
6 Based on these properties, which is the most likely conclusion?
(A) W consists of a covalent network

(B) X consists of positive ions in a sea of delocalised electrons
(C) Y consists of a lattice of positive and negative ions
(D) Z is a covalent molecular substance
7 Based on the properties shown, which statement is correct?
(A) W is calcium fluoride

(B) X is silicon carbide
(C) Y is zinc
(D) Z is phosphorus
8 Which group in the Periodic Table shows an increase in metallic character as you go
down the group?
(A) Group 1
(B) Group 2
(C) Group 4
(D) Group 8
9 Which equation is correct?
(A) Ca(s) + O2(g) CaO2(s)

(B) Ca(s) + 2H2O(l) Ca(OH)2(aq) + H2(g)
(C) Ca(s) + H2SO4(g) CaSO4(aq) + H2O(l)
(D) CaO(s) + HCl(aq) CaCl(s) + H2O(g)

10 Nitric oxide (NO) reacts with oxygen to form nitrogen dioxide according to the
following equation:
2NO(g) + O2(g) 2NO2(g)
What mass of oxygen gas is required to produce 23 grams of NO2?
(A) 8
(B) 16
(C) 32
(D) 46
11 The successive ionisation energies for the first eight electrons of an element are shown in
the table.
Electron 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th

Ionisation
Energy 1.01 2.26 3.38 4.568 7.00 8.50 27.12 31.75
MJ/mol
How many electrons are in the valence shell of this element?
(A) 2
(B) 4
(C) 6
(D) 8
12 Which sample contains the greatest number of atoms?
(A) 0.1 gram H2

(B) 0.5 gram Li
(C) 1.0 gram C
(D) 2.0 grams Br2
13 Which is the most accurate method of preparing 250 mL of a 0.01molL-1 NaCl solution?
(A) Weigh 0.585 grams of NaCl, transfer to a beaker containing 250 mLs of distilled
water
(B) Weigh 0.585 grams of NaCl, transfer to a volumetric flask containing 250 mLs of
distilled water
(C) Weigh 0.146 grams of NaCl, in a beaker, dissolve in distilled water and make up
the volume to 250 mLs of solution
(D) Weigh 0.146 grams of NaCl dissolve in distilled water and transfer to a
volumetric flask, make up the volume to 250 mLs of solution

14 Which molecule would produce similar intermolecular forces to water?
(A) SO2
(B) NH3
(C) H2S
(D) CO2
15 A compound has the following structural formula.
What is its correct name?

H Cl H
H C C C H
H H H
(A) 1-chlorobutane
(B) 2-chlorobutane
(C) 1-chloropropane
(D) 2-chloropropane
16 The boiling points of a number of compounds are shown in the table below.
Name of Compound Boiling Temperature (0C)

propane -42
butane -0.5
pentane 36
Why does pentane have the highest boiling point?
(A) It has the highest molecular weight and the strongest dispersion forces.
(B) It has the highest density and the strongest hydrogen bonding.
(C) It is the most unsaturated and has the strongest dipole-dipole bonding.
(D) It has the longest chain length and the strongest covalent bonds.
17 Which of the following represents the incomplete combustion of an alkane?
(A) 2C5H10 + 15O2 10CO2 + 10H2O

(B) 2C5H12 + 11O2 10CO + 12H2O
(C) C6H12 + 6O2 6CO + 6H2O
(D) 2C6H14 + 19O2 12CO2 + 14H2O

18 A reaction will take place if there is the required activation energy for successful
collisions.
What is activation energy?
(A) The minimum amount of energy reactant particles require to form product
particles
(B) The maximum energy required to increase the reaction rate
(C) The energy released by the formation of new chemical bonds in the products
(D) The energy absorbed by the formation of new chemical bonds in the products
19 Which pair of substances would react fastest?
(A) Zinc sheet and dilute sulfuric acid

(B) Copper powder and concentrated sulfuric acid
(C) Zinc powder and concentrated sulfuric acid
(D) Copper sheet and dilute sulfuric acid
20 Which statement is correct?
(A) Photosynthesis is an exothermic reaction which produces glucose and oxygen.

(B) Photosynthesis is an endothermic reaction which produces glucose and oxygen.
(C) Photosynthesis is an exothermic reaction which produces carbon dioxide and
water.
(D) Photosynthesis is an endothermic reaction which produces carbon dioxide and
water.

2011 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION Student ID:

Chemistry
Section I (continued)
Part B 55 marks
Attempt Questions 2131
Allow about 1hour 30 minutes for this part
Answer the questions in the spaces provided. These spaces provide guidance for the expected
length of response.
Show all relevant working in questions involving calculations.
Question 21 (5 marks)
The properties of metals can be explained using a suitable model.
(a) Draw a labelled diagram to show the structure of a metallic solid. 2
(b) Use this model to explain ONE property of metals. 2
(c) All models have limitations. 1
Identify ONE property of metals not explained by the metallic bonding model.

The minimum amount of energy required to extract one kilogram of a metal from its
sulfide is shown in the following table.
Minimum energy to produce

Metal extracted Sulfide
1 kg (kJ)
Ag Ag2S 153
Cu Cu2S 679
Fe Fe2S3 3180
Al Al2S3 13400
Mg MgS 14800
(a) Write a half-equation for the reduction of silver ions to silver metal. 1
(b) Account for the trend in the minimum amount of energy required to extract one 2
kilogram of metal from its sulfide.
(c) Explain why different methods are required to extract silver and magnesium from 3
their ores.

The Periodic Table has been constructed over time, based on the work of many scientists.
Dmitri Mendeleev (18341907) is credited with making a major breakthrough in
constructing the forerunner of the modern Periodic Table.
(a) Describe Mendeleevs Periodic Table. 3
(b) Outline how the modern Periodic Table is different from Mendeleevs original 2
version.
(c) Describe the trend in atomic radius of elements across a period. 1

During your course you carried out a first-hand investigation into the effect of antifreeze
or salt on the boiling point of water.
(a) Outline the procedure you used to safely carry out your investigation. 3
(b) Account for your results. 2
(c) Evaluate the validity of your first-hand investigation. 2

The following table shows the results of an investigation into precipitation reactions.
Key: P= precipitate forms, NP= no visible precipitate
Anions
- 2- -
Cations Cl CO3 OH NO3- PO43- SO42-
Ag+ P P P NP P P
Ba2+ NP P NP NP P P
Ca2+ NP P NP NP P P
Na+ NP NP NP NP NP NP
Pb2+ P P P NP P P
Sr2+ NP P NP NP P P
(a) Write an ionic equation for the formation of lead chloride. 1
(b) Use the table to predict what would happen when a solution of strontium chloride is 1
mixed with a solution of sodium phosphate.
(c) Analysis of this table allows us to write a solubility rule for these anions and cations. 2
For example - All sodium compounds are soluble.
Use the data to write TWO further solubility rules.

A student carries out a first-hand investigation to determine the molar heat of solution of
sodium hydroxide.
The following measurements were recorded.
Mass of sodium hydroxide 2 grams

Mass of water 40 grams
Initial temperature of water 22.5 0C
Final temperature 28.6 0C
Specific heat capacity of water 4.18 x103 JkG-1 K-1
(a) Is this an exothermic or endothermic change? Give a reason. 1
(b) Calculate the amount of heat energy needed to change the temperature. 2
(c) Calculate the molar heat of solution. 2

Describe the structure of diamond and graphite and account for their physical properties 5
in terms of bonding.
Calculate the empirical formula of an oxide of sulfur which is 40% sulfur by weight. 3

Australias production of petroleum has been steadily declining since 2000 and 80% of 7
the crude oil we use for cars, trucks and planes is imported. The price of petrol is
predicted by one energy expert to increase to $8 a litre within the next 10 years.
Discuss the role of chemistry in understanding both petroleum and the impact of
Australias petroleum reserves on society and the environment.

Some chemical reactions are very slow because the activation energy is very high. For
many reactions, the rate of reaction can be increased by using a catalyst.
(a) Explain how catalysts can increase the rate of a reaction. 2
(b) Identify TWO things which catalysts do NOT change in a chemical reaction. 2
During your course you gathered and processed information from secondary sources on a 3
range of topics.
Explain how you assessed the validity and reliability of the information you selected.
End of paper

2011 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION

Chemistry
DATA SHEET

PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS

KEY
1 Atomic number 2
H Chemical symbol He
1.008 Relative atomic mass 4.003
Hydrogen Name of element Helium
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Li Be B C N O F Ne
6.941 9.012 10.81 12.01 14.01 16.00 19.00 20.18
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
22.99 24.31 26.98 28.09 30.97 32.07 35.45 39.95
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
39.10 40.08 44.96 47.87 50.94 52.00 54.94 55.85 Iron 58.93 58.69 63.55 65.38 69.72 72.64 74.92 78.96 79.90 83.80
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
85.47 87.61 88.91 91.22 92.91 95.96 101.1 102.9 106.4 107.9 112.4 114.8 118.7 121.8 127.6 126.9 131.3
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
55 56 Lanthanoids 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
Cs Ba 57-71 Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
132.9 137.3 * 178.5 180.9 183.9 186.2 190.2 192.2 195.1 197.0 200.6 204.4 207.2 209.0
Caesium Barium - Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
87 88 Actinoids 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112
Fr Ra 89-103 Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn
**
Francium Radium - Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium
*Lanthanoids 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
57 58 59 60 61
La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
138.9 140.1 140.9 144.2 150.4 152.0 157.3 158.9 162.5 164.9 167.3 168.9 173.1 175.0
Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium
**Actinoids 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103

Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
232.0 231.0 238.0
Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium
Elements with atomic numbers 113 and above have been reported but not fully authenticated.
Standard atomic weights are abridged to four significant figures.
Elements with no reported values in the table have no stable nuclides.

2011 Chemistry Preliminary Guidelines
Section I Part A
MULTIPLE CHOICE ANSWERS
1 B 6 B 11 C 16 A
2 B 7 A 12 A 17 B
3 D 8 C 13 D 18 A
4 A 9 B 14 B 19 C
5 C 10 A 15 D 20 B
Section I Part B
a
Criteria Marks
Provides labelled diagram showing metallic lattice with positive ions 2
arranged in a regular manner with delocalised electrons distributed as
small particles through-out the lattice.
Provides incomplete and/or unlabelled diagram 1
Suggested answer
b
Criteria Marks
Clearly states a property of metals stated which is explained in terms 2
of metallic lattice structure.
States a property of metals with some simple explanation provided 1
Suggested answer (several explanations possible)
Metals are good conductors of electricity because the delocalised electrons in a metallic lattice are free
to move when an external potential is applied.
c
Criteria Marks
Provides one limitation of metallic bonding model 1
Suggested answer
The metallic bonding model does not explain differences in metal properties such as different
conductivities, melting temperatures and magnetic behaviour.
Question 22
(a)
Criteria Marks
Provides correct half equation for reduction of silver ions 1
Suggested answer
Ag(aq) + 2e- Ag(s)
Total Education 2011 1 Chemistry Preliminary Marking Guidelines
b
Criteria Marks
Describes and explains trend 2
Describes OR explains trend 1
Suggested answer
As the reactivity of the metal increases the amount of energy required to reduce metal ions to metal
solid increases. Metals with a high reactivity have lower ionisation energies and more energy is
required to break their bonds in compounds.
c
Criteria Marks
Identifies methods used to extract silver and magnesium 3
States difference between methods AND reason required
States difference between methods OR reason required stated
Suggested answer
Silver forms weaker bonds with other atoms therefore it can be extracted from its ores using a lower
energy method such as roasting in air. Magnesium forms stronger bonds with other atoms therefore it
required a higher energy method of extraction such as electrolysis.
Question 23
a
Criteria Marks
Gives a thorough description including three or more features of 3
Mendeleevs Periodic Table
Gives a description including two features of Mendeleevs Periodic 2
Table
Gives a basic description including a feature of Mendeleevs Periodic 1
Table
Suggested answer
Mendeleevs Periodic Table arranged the known elements in order of atomic weight. He placed the
elements into eight groups based on their physical and chemical properties so that elements with
similar properties would be in the same column. Mendeleev left gaps for elements that he thought
would be discovered in the future.
b
Criteria Marks
Outlines TWO correct differences 2
Outlines ONE correct difference 1
Suggested answer
The modern Periodic Table arranges the elements in order of atomic number rather than atomic
weight. The modern Periodic Table contains 18 columns instead of 8 reflecting the electron
configuration of atoms. The modern Periodic Table is larger due to the discovery of many elements
including the inert gases.
c
Criteria Marks
Describes trend in atomic radius across a period stated 1
Suggested answer
The radius of an atom is largest in group 1 elements of each period. The atomic radius reduces as you
move across a period to group 8 elements.
Question 24
a
Criteria Marks
Gives detailed procedure consisting of a series of steps to measure the 3
boiling point temperature of distilled water and a series of solutions
(ethylene glycol or sodium chloride) of increasing concentrations
Names equipment and states quantities used
Includes some safety precaution or warning
Gives procedure consisting of a series of steps to measure the boiling 2
point temperature of distilled water and a series of solutions (ethylene
glycol or sodium chloride) of increasing concentrations
Names equipment and states quantities used
AND/OR
Includes some safety precaution or warning
Gives a procedure consisting of some steps to measure the boiling 1
point of a solution (ethylene glycol or sodium chloride) and pure water
Suggested answer
1. Prepare solutions of 5g/100mL and 15g/100mL of sodium chloride solution.
2. Pour 100 mLs of distilled water into a beaker.
3. Placed the beaker on a gauze and tripod over a Bunsen burner
4. Carefully lower a thermometer into the water and clamp into position so thermometer is submerged
without touching the base of the beaker.
5. Heat until the maximum temperature is reached and record.
6. Turn off the gas and allow equipment to cool, before dismantling.
7. Repeat steps 1 to 6 with the sodium chloride solutions.
b
Criteria Marks
Provides statement of results and reason 2
Provides statement of results 1
Suggested answer
The boiling point of distilled water was lower than the boiling point of sodium chloride solution (by 1-
20C). As the concentration of salt increases the boiling point increases. When boiling distilled water
only the hydrogen bonds between water molecules are overcome. Additional forces of attraction
between water and sodium and chloride ions must be broken to evaporate water from a sodium
chloride solution.
c
Criteria Marks
Judges validity in terms of design features such as controlled variables 2
and method of measuring the dependent variable
Judges validity in terms of design features such as controlled variables 1
OR method of measuring the dependent variable
Suggested answer
The validity of this investigation was moderate as variables such as method of heating water and
equipment used was kept the same and the same thermometer was used to take measurements.
However the thermometer was not very precise measuring in 10C intervals.

Question 25
(a)
Criteria Marks
Provides correctly balanced ionic equation showing subscripts 1
Suggested answer
Pb+2 (aq) + 2Cl-1(aq) PbCl2(s)
b
Criteria Marks
States formation of named precipitate 1
Suggested answer
When strontium chloride solution is added to sodium phosphate a precipitate of strontium phosphate
will form.
c
Criteria Marks
Provides TWO correct solubility rules based on data table 2
Provides ONE correct solubility rule based on data table 1
Suggested answer
All nitrate compounds are soluble.
All chloride compounds are soluble except for silver and lead. OR
All carbonate compounds are insoluble except for sodium etc.
Question 26
a
Criteria Marks
Provides correct statement and reason 1
Suggested answer
This is an exothermic reaction as energy is given out and the water temperature increases.
b
Criteria Marks
Provides correct equation, working out and unit 2
As above with one error or omission 1
Suggested answer
Q = -mC (T2 - T1)
Q = -40 x 4.18 x (28.6-22.5)
Q = - 1019.92 J
c
Criteria Marks
Calculates number of moles and molar heat of solution correctly, 2
showing working out and units
As above with one error or omission. 1
Suggested answer
n=m/M
n= 2/39.998
n=0.0500
H = -1019.92/0.05
= -203984 J/mol
= - 204 kJ/mol

Question 27
Criteria Marks
Provides detailed description of the arrangement of carbon atoms in 5
diamond and graphite or labelled diagrams
Explains reason for two properties of diamond and two properties of
graphite in terms of bonding
Provides description of the arrangement of carbon atoms in diamond 4-3
and graphite or labelled diagrams
Explains reason for one or two properties of diamond and/or one or
two properties of graphite explained in terms of bonding
Provides description of the arrangement of carbon atoms in diamond 2
and graphite or labelled diagrams
OR
Provides reason for a property of diamond and a property of graphite
explained in terms of bonding
Provides either structure or property of diamond or graphite 1
Suggested answer
In diamond the carbon atoms are arranged in a three-dimensional lattice where each carbon atom is
covalently bonded to four other atoms in a tetrahedral arrangement. This arrangement produces an
extremely hard solid which cannot be easily scratched due to the strong bonds in all directions. Since
all the electrons around the carbon atom are involved in bonding there are no mobile electrons to
conduct an electric current. In graphite the carbon atoms form layers or sheets made of rings of six
atoms. Each atom is covalently bonded to three others. The layered structure means that graphite is
easily scratched and the free electron allows graphite to conduct electricity.
Question 28
Criteria Marks
Calculates ratio of sulfur to oxygen showing working out and final 3
empirical formula
Calculates ratio of sulfur to oxygen and /or showing working out and 2
final empirical formula
Gives empirical formula or ratio 1
Suggested answer
sulfur : oxygen
40% : 60%
40/32.07 : 60/16
1.247 : 3.75
1 :3
SO3

Question 29
Criteria Marks
Demonstrates thorough knowledge and understanding of the formation 7
and composition of petroleum
Identifies a location of Australias petroleum reserves and the non-
renewable nature of this source of energy
Provides points for/against the role of chemistry in using petroleum
efficiently to minimise waste and reduce pollution
Demonstrates sound knowledge and understanding of the formation 5-6
AND/OR
AND/OR
efficiently to minimise waste and/or reduce pollution
Demonstrates sound knowledge and understanding of the formation 3-4
OR
OR
efficiently to minimise waste and/or reduce pollution
Provides information on the formation of petroleum and its 2
composition
Provides some correct information about petroleum 1
Suggested answer
Petroleum is a fossil fuel which takes millions of years to form from the altered remains of ancient
marine organisms and as such is a non-renewable energy source. It is composed of hundreds of
different compounds mainly classified as hydrocarbons. The hydrocarbons vary in chain length,
molecular structure and type of bonds present. Australia has limited reserves of petroleum in locations
such as Bass Strait.
Chemistry can play a role in understanding the combustion of hydrocarbons. For example by ensuring
that sufficient oxygen is present for complete combustion. This allows a maximum amount of energy
to be released per mole of fuel thus minimising the wasting of a non-renewable resource. Also if
insufficient oxygen is present pollutants such as carbon (soot) and carbon monoxide may form which
have negative impacts on human health and the environment.

Question 30
a
Criteria Marks
Explains the action of catalysts clearly in terms of lowering the 2
activation energy of a reaction pathway
States impact of catalyst on activation energy 1
Suggested answer
The presence of a catalyst can increase the reaction rate by allowing the reaction to follow a different
pathway from reactants to products in which less energy is needed for successful collisions resulting in
lower activation energy.
b
Criteria Marks
Gives TWO unaltered features of a catalysed reaction 2
Gives ONE unaltered feature of a catalysed reaction 1
Suggested answer
A catalyst does not change the final products or the enthalpy change for the reaction.
Question 31
Criteria Marks
Explains method used to assess both the validity and reliability of 3
information from secondary sources
Describes method used to assess both the validity and reliability of 2
States method used to assess the validity and/or reliability of 1
Suggested answer
Information from secondary sources can be assessed by judging the authority of the writer and the
publication. Information in a peer reviewed journal is more valid than an individuals post on a blog.
The reliability of information from secondary sources can be assessed by comparing facts in a wide
range of publications looking for inconsistencies.

2011 PRELIMINARY CERTIFICATE
CHEMISTRY EXAMINATION
Question Marks Content Syllabus outcomes

Section 1
Part A
1 1 8.2.1.2.7 P6
2 1 8.2.1.2.5 P6
3 1 14.1(d) P14
4 1 8.2.1.3.5 12.4 P6, 12
5 1 8.2.3.2.5 P6
6 1 8.2.5.2.6 P6
7 1 8.2.5.2.7 P6
8 1 8.3.2.2.5 P6
9 1 8.3.2.3.2 P10
10 1 8.3.4.2.2 P6, 10
11 1 8.3.3.2.3 P6
12 1 8.3.4.3.3 P6
13 1 8.4.4.3.5 P10, 11
14 1 8.3.2.2.2 P6
15 1 8.5.3.2.3 P9
16 1 8.5.3.2.4 P6, 9
17 1 8.5.4.2.9 P6, 10
18 1 8.5.4.2.5 P7
19 1 8.5.5.3.1 P8
20 1 8.5.1.2.2 P7
Section 1
Part B
21 (a) 2 8.2.5.2.4 P6, 13
21 (b) 2 8.2.5.2.8 P2, 6
21(c) 1 8.2.5.3.2 P2
22 (a) 1 8.3.2.3.3 P6
22 (b) 2 8.3.2.2.6 P6, 7
22 (c) 3 8.3.5.2.4 P8
23 (a) 3 8.3.3.2.2 P1
23 (b) 2 8.3.3.2.2 P1, 6
23 (c) 1 8.3.3.2.3 P6
24 (a) 3 8.4.4.3.2, 11.3 P11
24 (b) 2 8.4.1.3.3, 12.4 P12
24 (c) 2 11.2(b) P11
25 (a) 1 8.4.4.3.1 P6
25 (b) 1 8.4.4.2.1 P6
25 (c) 2 14.1(e) P6
26 (a) 1 8.4.5.2.5 P7
26 (b) 2 8.4.5.2.3 P7
26 (c) 2 8.4.5.3.1 P10
27 5 8.5.2.2.2 P9
28 3 8.3.4.2.5 P10
29 7 8.5.4.2.8, 8.5.4.2.9 P4, 9
30 (a) 2 8.5.5.2.5 P8
30 (b) 2 8.5.5.3.4 P8
31 3 12.4(e), (f) P12
Total Education 2011 8 Chemistry HSC Trial Marking Guidelines

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2011 Preliminary Paper

Disclaimer: This paper is written as a Preliminary

General Instructions Section I Pages 216

Student Number: __________________________________

Use the multiple-choice answer sheet for Questions 120

1 Which is the most correct name for P2O5?

(A) Potassium oxide

The following information relates to Questions 24.

Her results are summarised below.

Mass of mixture 12.9 g

2 Salt and sand are both crystalline solids.

Which property difference is used to separate these two substances?

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Which explanation is most likely?

4 What is the approximate percentage of salt in the mixture?

5 Which particles both have an electron configuration of an inert gas?

(A) Chlorine atom, chloride ion

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The following information relates to Questions 6 and 7.

Four substances W, X, Y and Z have the following properties.

Does it conduct electricity:

6 Based on these properties, which is the most likely conclusion?

(A) W consists of a covalent network

7 Based on the properties shown, which statement is correct?

(A) W is calcium fluoride

9 Which equation is correct?

(A) Ca(s) + O2(g) CaO2(s)

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What mass of oxygen gas is required to produce 23 grams of NO2?

Electron 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th

12 Which sample contains the greatest number of atoms?

(A) 0.1 gram H2

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14 Which molecule would produce similar intermolecular forces to water?

15 A compound has the following structural formula.

What is its correct name?

Name of Compound Boiling Temperature (0C)

Why does pentane have the highest boiling point?

17 Which of the following represents the incomplete combustion of an alkane?

(A) 2C5H10 + 15O2 10CO2 + 10H2O

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What is activation energy?

19 Which pair of substances would react fastest?

(A) Zinc sheet and dilute sulfuric acid

20 Which statement is correct?

(A) Photosynthesis is an exothermic reaction which produces glucose and oxygen.

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2011 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION Student ID:

Show all relevant working in questions involving calculations.

The properties of metals can be explained using a suitable model.

(a) Draw a labelled diagram to show the structure of a metallic solid. 2

(b) Use this model to explain ONE property of metals. 2

(c) All models have limitations. 1

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Minimum energy to produce

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(a) Describe Mendeleevs Periodic Table. 3

(c) Describe the trend in atomic radius of elements across a period. 1

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(b) Account for your results. 2

(c) Evaluate the validity of your first-hand investigation. 2

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Key: P= precipitate forms, NP= no visible precipitate

(a) Write an ionic equation for the formation of lead chloride. 1