1DAFTAR ISI

Halaman
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ................................................................... ii
HALAMAN PERNYATAAN ................................................................... iii
KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................ iv
ABSTRAK ................................................................................................. v
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR ISI .............................................................................................. vii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................. xi
DAFTAR TABEL ...................................................................................... xiii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ............................................................................. xiv
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ....................................................................... 1
1.1 Latar Belakang............................................................... 1
1.2 Identifikasi Masalah....................................................... 4

1.3 Pembatasan Masalah...................................................... 5

1.4 Rumusan Masalah.......................................................... 5

1.5 Tujuan Penelitian........................................................... 5

1.6 Kegunaan Penelitian...................................................... 6

BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA ................................................................... 7

2.1 Landasan Teori............................................................... 7

2.1.1 Transformator Daya....................................................... 7

2.1.2. Bagian-bagian transformator dan fungsinya................. 8

2.1.3. Sistem Pendingin........................................................... 12

2.1.4 Minyak Transformator.................................................. 15

2.1.4.1. Minyak Isolasi Mineral................................................. 16

2.1.4.2. Minyak Isolasi Sintesis................................................. 16

2.1.5. Struktur Kimia Minyak Transformator......................... 16

2.1.6. Gas Terlarut pada Minyak Trafo................................... 18

 2.1.7. Proses Terbentuk Gas Terlarut....................................... 19

2.1.7.1. Pembentukan Gas CO2 , CO, dan H2O........................... 20

2.1.7.2. Pembentukan Gas Terlarut Minyak Trafo...................... 20

2.1.8. Jenis Indikasi Kegagalan akibat Minyak Trafo.............. 26

2.1.9. DGA (Dissolved Gas Analysis)...................................... 27

2.1.10. Interpretasi Data DGA................................................... 32

2.1.10.1 TDCG (Total Dissolved Combustible Gas).................... 33

2.1.10.2 Key Gas.......................................................................... 36

2.1.10.3 Roger Ratio.................................................................... 40

2.1.10.4 Duvals Triangle............................................................. 44

2.1.10.5 Duvals Pentagon........................................................... 46

2.2. Penelitian Yang Relevan................................................ 48

BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN................................................ 50

3.1 Tempat, waktu, subjek penelitian................................... 50

3.2 Metode Penelitian.......................................................... 50
3.3 Diagram Penelitian......................................................... 51
3.4 Populasi dan Sampel...................................................... 52
3.5 Variabel Penelitian......................................................... 53
3.6 Instrumen Penelitian...................................................... 53
3.6.1. Alat Syringe dan Oil Flashing Unit................................ 53
3.6.2. DGA Kelman Transport X............................................. 54
3.6.3. Tabel Pengujian DGA.................................................... 58
3.7 Teknik Pengumpulan data.............................................. 60

3.8 Teknik Analisis Data...................................................... 61

BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ......................... 61

4.1. Hasil Penelitian.............................................................. 61

4.1.1. Spesifikasi Transformator Daya..................................... 61

4.1.2. Data Pengujian DGA..................................................... 62

4.1.3. Interpretasi Data DGA Transfomator Unit 3.1............... 74

4.1.3.1. Hasil Interpretasi Metode TDCG (Total Dissolved Gas

Analysis) Transfomator Unit 3.1....................................74

4.1.3.2. Hasil Interpretasi Metode Keys Gas Transfomator

Unit 3.1...........................................................................76

4.1.3.3. Hasil Interpretasi Metode Rogers Ratio Transfomator

Unit 3.1...78

4.1.3.4. Hasil Interpretasi Metode Duval Triangle Transfomator

Unit 3.1...........................................................................79

4.1.3.5. Hasil Interpretasi Metode Duval Pentagon Transfomator

Unit 3.1...........................................................................80

4.1.4. Interpretasi Data DGA (Dissolved Gas Analysis)

Transfomator Unit 3.2....................................................82

4.1.3.1. Hasil Interpretasi Metode TDCG (Total Dissolved Gas

Analysis) Transfomator Unit 3.2....................................82

4.1.3.2. Hasil Interpretasi Metode Keys Gas Transfomator

Unit 3.2...........................................................................83

4.1.3.3. Hasil Interpretasi Metode Rogers Ratio Transfomator

 Unit 3.2...........................................................................85

4.1.3.4. Hasil Interpretasi Metode Duval Triangle Transfomator

Unit 3.2..........................................................................86

4.1.3.5. Hasil Interpretasi Metode Duval Pentagon Transfomator

Unit 3.2..........................................................................87

4.2. Pembahasan................................................................... 88

4.2.1. Hasil Analisis................................................................ 88

4.2.1.1. Kondisi Transformator Unit 3.1................................... 88

4.2.1.2. Kondisi Transformator Unit 3.2................................... 92

BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ................................................... 97

5.2 Kesimpulan.................................................................... 97
5.2 Saran.............................................................................. 97

DAFTAR PUSTAKA.................................................................................99
LAMPIRAN - LAMPIRAN...................................................................... 101

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Halaman
Gambar 2.1 Transformator...................................................................... 8

Gambar 2.2 Inti Besi Transformator....................................................... 8

Gambar 2.3 Belitan Transformator......................................................... 9

Gambar 2.4 Bushing............................................................................... 10

Gambar 2.5 Konservator......................................................................... 10

Gambar 2.6 Struktur Kimia Parafin Hidrokarbon................................... 17

Gambar 2.7 Struktur Kimia Napthena Hidrokarbon............................... 17

Gambar 2.8 Struktur Kimia Aromatik Hidrokarbon............................... 18

Gambar 2.9 Struktur Kimia Gas Terlarut................................................ 19

Gambar 2.10 Penguraian Selulosa Akibat Panas...................................... 20

Gambar 2.11 Pembentukan Metana (CH4)................................................ 21

Gambar 2.12 Pembentukan Etana (C2H6)................................................. 21

Gambar 2.13 Pembentukan Etilen (C2H4)................................................. 21

Gambar 2.14 Pembentukan Asetilen (C2H2)............................................. 23

Gambar 2.15 Pembentukan Skema Gas.................................................... 24

Gambar 2.16 Alat Uji DGA (Dissolved Gas Analysis)............................ 29

Gambar 2.17 Jenis Gas Berdasarkan Panjang Gelombang...................... 30

Gambar 2.18 Ilustrasi Konsep Photo-Acosutic........................................ 31

Gambar 2.19 Interpretasi Data Metode Key Gas..................................... 39

Gambar 2.20 Segitiga Duvals................................................................. 43

Gambar 2.21 Representasi Duvals.......................................................... 45

Gambar 3.1 Diagram Penelitian DGA................................................... 49

Gambar 3.2 Syringe dan Oil Flushing Unit........................................... 52

Gambar 3.3 Vial..................................................................................... 52

Gambar 3.4 DGA Kelman Transport X................................................. 53

Gambar 3.5 Photoacoustic Spectrometer Module .............................. 54

 DAFTAR TABEL

Halaman
Tabel 2.1 Rata-Rata Disipasi................................................................... 13

Tabel 2.2 Tipe-Tipe Pendingin Transformator........................................ 14

Tabel 2.3 Jenis Gas Terlarut.................................................................... 32

Tabel 2.4 Keadaan Minyak Isolasi dengan Kandungan.......................... 33

Tabel 2.5 Batas Gas Terlarut Berdasarkan IEEE C57-104.2008............. 34

Tabel 2.6 Tindakan Operasi Berdasarkan Jumlah TDCG....................... 35

Tabel 2.7 Jenis Kegagalann Menurut Keys Gas.................................... 37

Tabel 2.8 Jenis Kegagalan Menurut Rasio Roger................................... 40

Tabel 2.9 Kode Gangguan Sgitiga Duvals............................................. 43

Tabel 2.10 Kode Gangguan Duvals Pentagon......................................... 46

Tabel 3.1 Spesifikasi DGA Kelman Transport X.................................... 53

Tabel 3.2 Data Pengujian DGA Berdasarkan TDCG.............................. 56

Tabel 3.3 Data Pengujian DGA Berdasarkan Keys Gas........................ 57

Tabel 3.4 Data Pengujian DGA Berdasarkan Rogers Ratio................... 57

Tabel 3.5 Data Pengujian DGA Berdasarkan Duvals Triangle.............. 58

Tabel 3.6 Data Pengujian DGA Berdasarkan Duvals pentagon............. 58

Tabel 4.1 Spesifikasi Transformator Daya Unit 3.1................................61

Tabel 4.2 Spesifikasi Transformator Daya Unit 3.2................................62

Tabel 4.3 Data Pengujian Sampel Minyak Transformator Unit 3.1........63

Tabel 4.4 Data Pengujian Sampel Minyak Transformator Unit 3.2........63

 DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Halaman
Lampiran 1. Alat Pengujian Dan Pengambilan Sampel Minyak DGA......102

Lampiran 2. Data Sheet DGA Kelman Transport X..................................110

Lampiran 3. Data Sheet Minyak Shell Diala B..........................................113

Lampiran 4. Data Transformator Unit 3.1 Dan Unit 3.2............................116

Lampiran 5. Hasil Data Pengujian DGA Kelman Transport X..................120

Lampiran 6. Pengolahan Data-Data Pengujian DGA................................131

Surat 149