48

Table 5 Bond Graph Relationships Between Physical Systems

Variable

System Effort Flow Momentum Displacement Power Energy

General et f t p  e dt q  f dt Pt  etf t Ep f dp,
kinetic

Eq e dq,
potential
Translation F, force V, velocity P, momentum x, distance Ft Vt V dp; J
N m/sec N sec m W F dx; J
Rotation T, torque o, ang. vel. H, ang. mnm. y, angle Ttot o dH; J
Nm rad/sec N m sec rad W T dy; J
Electrical e, voltage i, current , ux linkage q, charge et it i d , J (magnetic)
V A Wb C W e dq; J (electric)
Hydraulic P, pressure Q, ow rate Pp , integral of V, volume Pt Qt Q dPp ; J
Pa m3/sec pressure, Pa  sec m3 W J
Thermal T, temperature S, entropy ow Not needed S, entropy Tt St T dS; J
K rate, J/K sec J/K W

Chapter 2