Machining:

Machining can be a business, a hobby, or both. Much of modern-

day machining is carried out by computer numerical control (CNC), in which computers are
used to control the movement and operation of the mills, lathes, and other cutting machines.

Machining is any of various processes in which a piece of raw material is cut into a desired final
shape and size by a controlled material-removal process. The processes that have this common
theme, controlled material removal, are today collectively known as subtractive manufacturing, in
distinction from processes of controlled material addition, which are known as additive
manufacturing. Exactly what the "controlled" part of the definition implies can vary, but it almost
always implies the use of machine tools (in addition to just power tool sand hand tools).

Types of machining:
There are two basic types of machining;

1) Traditional machining.
2) Non traditional machining.

Traditional machining:
In these "traditional" or "conventional" machining processes, machine tools,
such as lathes, milling machines, drill presses, or others, are used with a sharp cutting tool to
remove material to achieve a desired geometry.

Machining is a part of the manufacture of many metal products, but it can also be used on materials
such as wood, plastic, ceramic, and composites. A person who specializes in machining is called
a machinist. A room, building, or company where machining is done is called a machine shop.
Machining can be a business, a hobby, or both. Much of modern-day machining is carried out
by computer numerical control (CNC), in which computers are used to control the movement and
operation of the mills, lathes, and other cutting machines.

Machinig operations.
The three principal machining processes are classified
as turning, drilling and milling. Other operations falling into miscellaneous categories include
shaping, planing, boring, broaching and sawing.

1) Turning.
Turning operations are operations that rotate the workpiece as the primary
method of moving metal against the cutting tool. Lathes are the principal machine tool used in
turning.

2) Milling.
 Milling operations are operations in which the cutting tool rotates to bring
cutting edges to bear against the workpiece. Milling machines are the principal machine tool
used in milling.

3) Drilling.

Drilling operations are operations in which holes are produced or refined by

bringing a rotating cutter with cutting edges at the lower extremity into contact with the
workpiece. Drilling operations are done primarily in drill presses but sometimes on lathes or mills.

Miscellaneous operations are operations that strictly speaking may not be machining operations
in that they may not be swarfproducing operations but these operations are performed at a
typical machine tool. Burnishing is an example of a miscellaneous operation. Burnishing
produces no swarf but can be performed at a lathe, mill, or drill press.

These are the basic three types of the traditional machininig. Many other machining operations
are used in machining like broaching finishing.
Non traditional machinig.
Non-conventional manufacturing processes is defined as a group of processes that remove
excess material by various techniques involving mechanical, thermal, electrical or chemical
energy or combinations of these energies but do not use a sharp cutting tools as it needs to
be used for traditional manufacturing processes.
These are some types of non traditional machinig.
Ultrasonic Machining (USM)
Water-Jet Machining & Abrasive-Jet
Machining
Chemical Machining
Electrochemical Machining (ECM)
Electrical-Discharge Machining (EDM)
High-Energy-Beam Machining
Laser-beam machining (LBM)
Electron-beam machining (EBM)