2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

HomeExploreSearchYou

slideshare

Upload
Login
Signup

Search

Home
Leadership
Technology
Education
Marketing
Design
MoreTopics

Search

Pornographic
Defamatory
Illegal/Unlawful
Spam
OtherViolations

ThanksforflaggingthisSlideShare!

Oops!Anerrorhasoccurred.

1of105

GSM,RF&DT
http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 1/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT
5,436
views

TempusTelcosys(49SlideShares)
Follow
13800

PublishedonJun03,2013

BasicTelecomconcepts

BasicTelecomconcepts
VariousWirelessTechnologies
Cellularconcepts&PrincipalofcellularComm.
GSMNetworkArchitecture
GSMchannelArchitecture
CallFlowsinGSM
GSMPlanningsteps(NominalPlan&RFsurveys)
GSMOptimizationSteps(Performance,Drivetesting&Benchmarking)

Publishedin:Business,Technology

3Comments
33Likes
Statistics
Notes

FullName
Commentgoeshere.
12hoursagoDeleteReplySpamBlock
AreyousureyouwanttoYesNo
Yourmessagegoeshere

Shareyourthoughts...
Post

FachmieMuhamadatanarchy99
mayirequestthisdocumentplease..ineedthisdocumentforsolvemylastexamination..ifyouallowingthisdocumentsyousendtomyemail:
fmfmuhamad4@gmail.com
1monthagoReply
AreyousureyouwanttoYesNo
Yourmessagegoeshere

RashedurRahmanRashed
Pleasepleaseemailmethisdocument.................helal_026@yahoo
2monthsagoReply
AreyousureyouwanttoYesNo
Yourmessagegoeshere

HussainTarik
IlikeditandIthinkitwillbehelpfulformyfutureandjobsector.pleasekindlyallowmetodownloadthispresentation..
6monthsagoReply
AreyousureyouwanttoYesNo
Yourmessagegoeshere

siamakmalekmohammadi,RFLEADENGINEERatPersiaShidakRaya
1weekago

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 2/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT
BasuBasnetatJadogar
2weeksago

maahnuur
2weeksago

MohamedFawzyatEngineer
3weeksago

aungkyawsann
1monthago

ShowMore
NoDownloads
Views
TotalViews
5,436
OnSlideshare
0
FromEmbeds
0
NumberofEmbeds
0
Actions
Shares
21
Downloads
0
Comments
3
Likes
33
Embeds0
Noembeds

Reportcontent
Flagasinappropriate
CopyrightComplaint
Nonotesforslide

Transcript
1.TelecomTutorialsMonday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comRF&GSMConcepts
2.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comBasicTelecomconceptsVariousWirelessTechnologiesCellularconcepts&Principalofcellular
Comm.GSMNetworkArchitectureGSMchannelArchitectureCallFlowsinGSMGSMPlanningsteps(NominalPlan&RFsurveys)GSM
OptimizationSteps(Performance,Drivetesting&Benchmarking)
3.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comTill1982CellularSystemswereexclusivelyAnalogRadioTechnology.AdvancedMobilePhone
Service(AMPS)U.S.standardonthe800MHzBandTotalAccessCommunicationSystem(TACS)U.K.standardon900MHzbandNordicMobile
TelephoneSystem(NMT)Scandinavianstandardonthe450&900MHzband
4.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.com
5.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comGSM900ThetermGSM900isusedforanyGSMsystemwhichoperatesinany900MHz
band.PGSM900PGSM900bandistheprimarybandforGSM900FrequencybandforprimaryGSM900(PGSM900):2x25MHz890915
MHzforMStoBTS(uplink)935960MHzforBTStoMS(downlink)EGSM900Insomecountries,GSM900isallowedtooperateinpartorin
allofthefollowingextensionband.EGSM900(ExtendedGSM900)bandincludestheprimaryband(PGSM900)andtheextensionband:880
890MHzforMStoBTS(uplink)925935MHzforBTStoMS(downlink)RGSM900RGSM900(RailwayGSM900)bandincludestheprimary
band(PGSM900)andthefollowingextensionband:876890MHzforMStoBTS(uplink)921935MHzforBTStoMS(downlink)GSM
1800Frequencyband:2x75MHz17101785MHzforMStoBTs(uplink)18051880MHzforBTStoMS(downlink)
6.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comTelecomServiceProviders/OperatorsGSMCDMABasicWLLInternetServicesLong
DistanceVendorTelecomConsultancy
7.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.com Endof1980sAnalogSystemsunabletomeetcontinuingdemands Severelyconfined
spectrumallocations Interferenceinmultipathfadingenvironment Incompatibilityamongvariousanalogsystems Inabilitytosubstantially
reducethecostofmobileterminalsandinfrastructurerequired
8.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comSpectrumspacemostlimitedandpreciousresourceSolutionfurthermultiplextraffic(time
domain)CanberealizedwithDigitalTechniquesonly
9.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.com 1979EuropewidefrequencybandreservedforCellular 1982GroupeSpecialeMobile
createdwithinCEPT 1986GSMhadfulltimeinParis 1988ETSItakesoverGSMCommittee 1990Thephase1GSM
Recommendationsfrozen 1991GSMCommitteerenamedSpecialMobileGroupandGSMrenamedasGlobalSystemforMobile
Communication 1992GSMlaunchedforcommercialoperations
10.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comServiceProviderisnotaEquipmentManufacturer.TheServiceProviderhasalicensetooperate
inageographicalboundary(state/circle/country).ItbuysequipmentfromOEMSuppliers(Vendors).Installs&commissionstheequipmentthus
makingitsownNetwork.Providesthedesiredservicetoitssubscribers.
11.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comVendorisaEquipmentManufacturer.ItsuppliesProduct,ConsultancyandTrainingsService

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 3/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT
providerhastheoptionoftakingtheConsultancyandTraining
12.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comAcellularsystemlinksMobilesubscriberstoPublicTelephoneSystemortoanotherMobile
subscribers.Itremovesthefixedwiringusedinatraditionaltelephoneinstallation.Mobilesubscriberisabletomovearound,perhapscantravelina
vehicleoronfoot&stillmake&receivecall.
13.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comMobilityFlexibilityConvergenceGreaterQOSNetworkExpansionRevenue/Profit
14.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comCONSIDERATIONS FREQUENCY SUBSCRIBERDENSITY COVERAGE14Base
StationBaseStationBaseStationBaseStationBaseStationBaseStation
15.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comCellularRadioinvolvesdividingalargeserviceareaintoregionscalledcells.Eachcellhas
theequipmenttoswitch,transmitandreceivecalls.CellsReducetheneedofHighpoweredtransmissionCellsConventionallyregardedasbeing
hexagonal,butinrealitytheyareirregularlyshaped.Cellshapeisdeterminedbythenatureofthesurroundingareae.g.Hills,tallbuildingetc.
16.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comLargeCells35KmRemoteAreasHighTransmissionPowerFewsubscribersSmallCellsNear
about1KMUrbanAreasLowTransmissionPowerManySubscribers
17.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comCoveragePercentageofthegeographicalareacoveredbycellularservicewheremobile
telephonyisavailableCapacityNumberofcallsthatcanbehandledinacertainareawithinacertainperiodoftime.Capacitycanalsorefertothe
probabilitythatuserswillbedeniedaccesstoasystemduetothesimpleunavailabilityofradiochannels.
18.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comDesignationAbbreviationFrequenciesFreespaceWavelengthsVeryLowFrequencyVLF9
kHz30kHz33km10kmLowFrequencyLF30kHz300kHz10km1kmMediumFrequencyMF300kHz3MHz1km100mHigh
FrequencyHF3MHz30MHz100m10mVeryHighFrequencyVHF30MHz300MHz10m1mUltraHighFrequencyUHF300MHz3
GHz1m100mmSuperHighFrequencySHF3GHz30GHz100mm10mmExtremelyHighFrequencyEHF30GHz300GHz10mm1
mm
19.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comEachCellintheCellularNetworkconsistsofoneormoreRFcarriers.AnRFcarrierisapairof
radiofrequenciesOneusedinupwarddirectionbyMSUplinkOtherusedindownwarddirectionbyBTSDownlinkThetransmitandreceive
frequenciesareseparatedbyagapof45MHzinGSMof75MHzinDCS.Thereare124carriesinGSMBand.Witheachcarriercarrying7
timeslots,only124x7=868callscanbemade!FrequencyReuseisthesolution
20.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comFul(n)=890.0+(0.2)*nMHzFdl(n)=Ful+45MHzwheren=ARFCN1n124
21.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comPowerFrequencyTimeFDMAFrequencyPowerTimeTDMAFrequencyCDMAPowerTime
22.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comPowerTDMAPowerFDMAPowerCDMAFDMA:AMPS&NAMPSEachuseroccupiesa
privateFrequency,protectedfrominterferencethroughphysicalseparationfromotherusersonthesamefrequencyTDMA:IS136,GSMEachuser
occupiesaspecificfrequencybutonlyduringanassignedtimeslot.Thefrequencyisusedbyotherusersduringothertimeslots.CDMAEachuser
occupiesasignalonaparticularfrequencysimultaneouslywithmanyotherusers,butisuniquelydistinguishablebycorrelationwithaspecialcode
usedonlybythisuser
23.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comThreetypesoffrequencyreusepatterns7Cellreusepattern4cellreusepattern3cellreusepattern
24.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comc2c1c3a1a2a3b1b2b3c1c2c3CellReuse
25.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comFrequencyReuseCellDia=R7/21cellcluster1234567DD=R(3N)whereNisClustersize
26.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comOmniDirectionalCells120degreeSectors60DegreesectorsEachSectorinaSitehasitsown
allocationofRadioCarriersAdvantageByfrequentreuseoffrequencymorecapacitycanbeachieved
27.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.com MultipathFadingresultsinvariationsinsignalstrengthwhichisknownasRaleighFading.
RaleighFadingphenomenonisdependentonpathdifferenceandhencefrequencyofreception. Afastmovingmobilemaynotexperiencesevere
effectofthisfadingsincethepathdifferenceiscontinuouslychanging. Aslowmovingmobile(orahaltedmobile)mayexperiencesevere
deteriorationinquality. But,ifthefrequencyofreceptionischangedwhenthisproblemoccurs,couldsolveit. Thefadingphenomenonisfastand
almostcontinuos,thismeansthefrequencychangeshouldalsobecontinuos. Thisprocessofcontinuouslychangingfrequencyisknownas
FrequencyHopping.
28.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comReductioninAverageInterference WithFrequencyHoppingconsistentinterferencewill
becomebursty. Soeventhough,boththecochannelcellswillbeusingthesamesetofARFCNsforHopping,interferencewillnotbecontinuos.
Thisisbecause,GSMcellsarenotFramesynchronized,andchangeinfrequencyisrelatedtoFramenos. IfsameHSNisusedintwocells,then
eithertheinterferencewillbenil,orifaphasecorrelationexiststhenitwillbecontinuos. SothetwocellsshouldpreferablyusedifferentHSNs.
Sectorialcells(controlledbythesameBTS)canusesameHSN,sincethesectorsdontcomeupatthesametime. Cellsiftheyaresynchronized,
canusesameHSN,ifeachcellhasanoffsetofsomeTDMAframes. OffsetofTDMAframesisalsorequiredtoavoidSACCHoccurringatthe
sametimeinallsynchronizedcells,astheykillsawaytheobjectiveofDTX.
29.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.coma1a2a3a3a4a6a5OMNICELL1ANTENNAb1b2b3120OCELLS3ANTENNAS60OCELLS6
ANTENNAS
30.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.com Compatibility NoiseRobust IncreasedCapacity&Flexibility UseofStandardOpen
Interfaces ImprovedSecurity&Confidentiality CleanerHandovers SubscriberIdentification ISDNCompatibility EnhancedRangeof
Services
31.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comHardHandoffAnalog,TDMAandGSMSoftHandoffCDMABreakbeforeMakeMakebefore
Break
32.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.com1201811982001324144246975113287173708078111213
161718192022253240171173175182187197199201213214215216218219220221222225
33.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comThemobilemeasuresupto32adjacentcellsforSignalStrength(RxLevel)SignalQuality
(RxQual)updatedevery480mSandsendstoBTSSophisticatedHandoverbasedonRxLevelInterferenceRxQualTimingAdvancePowerBudget
34.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comBTSBTSBTSBTSBTSBTSBTSBTSBSCVLRHLR
EIROMCSMSCBCAUCVMSCMSCAMSBTSBTSBTSBTS
BTSBTSBTSBTSBSCBSCPSTNVLRTRAUHLREIROMCSMSCBCAUCVMSCMSCAOML
35.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comMSISDN:HumanIdentityusedtocallaMobileStationIMEI:Serialnumberuniquetoevery
MobileStationIMSI:NetworkIdentityuniquetoaSIM3digits2digits10digitsTMSI:IdentityuniqueinaLAIMSRN:MobileStationRoaming
NoCCNDCSN98XXX12345MCCMNCMSIN404XX12345TACFACSNRS6digits2digits6digits1digit
36.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comMobileStationconsistsoftwopartsMobileEquipment(ME)SubscriberIdentityModule
(SIM)MEHardwaree.g.Telephone,FaxMachine,Computer.SIMSmartCardwhichplugsintotheME.
37.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.com RevisionLevel PhaseoftheGSMspecsMEcomplywith. RFPowerCapability Max
powerMEisabletoTransmit. CipheringAlgorithmUsed PresentlyA5 Phase2specifiesAlgorithmsA5/0toA5/7. FrequencyCapability
SMSCapability
38.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comClassPowerO/p120W28W35W42W50.8WTypicalSettings
39.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comIMSI(InternationalMobileSubscriberIdentity)TransmittedoverAirInterfaceon
initializationPermanentlystoredonSIMcard15digitDecimal
40.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.com MSISDN 10digitnumbertowhichasubscriberisbeingcalled. PIN(Personal
IdentificationNumber) FourdigitPIN AninternalsecuritytoProtecttheSIMfromillegaluse. Cardblocksitselfafterthreewrongentries
PUK(PersonalUnblockingKey) 8digitcodetounblocktheSIMCard Ki(AuthenticationKey),A3&A8Algorithms
41.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.com TemporaryMobileSubscriberIdentity PeriodicallychangedbytheSystemManagementon

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 4/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT
instanceslikelocationupdateetc. ReasonforuseofTMSI TopreventapossibleintruderfromidentifyingGSMusers,TMSIisused
Management Assignment,Administration&UpdatingisperformedbyVLR.
42.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comConverts64KbpsPCMcircuitsfromMSCto16KbpsBSScircuits.Each30channel2Mbps
PCMlinkcancarry120GSMspecifiedvoicechannels.
43.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comBSS(BaseStationSystem)BSC(BaseSiteController)BTS(BaseTransceiverStation)XCDR
(Transcoder)NetworkSwitchingSystem(NSS)XCDRBSCBTS
44.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comBSCControlsupto40BTSConveysinformationto/fromBTSConnectsterrestrialcircuits&Air
InterfaceChannelsControlshandoversbetweenBTSsunderitselfBTSContainsRFHardwareLimitedcontrolfunctionality16carriersinaBTS
Cabinet748simultaneouscallsperBTS
45.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comCollocatedBTSRemoteBTSStarConfigurationDaisyChain
BTSBSCBTSBTSBTSAllBTSon1E1BSCBTSBTSBTSBTS
46.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comNSS(NetworkSwitchingSystem)MSC(MobileSwitchingCentre)HLR(HomeLocation
Register)VLR(VisitorLocationRegister)EIR(EquipmentIdentityRegister)AUC(AuthenticationCentre)IWF(InterworkingFunction)EC(Echo
Canceller)
47.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comMSCCallSwitchingOperation&ManagementSupportInternetworkInterworkingCollectscall
billingdataGatewayMSCMSCwhichprovidesinterfacebetweenPSTN&BSSsintheGSMNetwork.
48.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comReferencedatabasefortheSubscriberprofilesSubscriberID(IMSI&MSISDN)CurrentVLR
AddressSupplementaryServicessubscribedSupplementaryServiceInformationSubscriberStatus(Registered/deregistered)AuthenticationKeyand
AUCfunctionalityTMSIMSRN
49.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comTemporaryData,whichexistsaslongasthesubscriberisactiveinaparticularCoverage
area.ContainsthefollowingMobileStatus(Busy/Free/NoAnswer/etc.)LocationAreaIdentity(LAI)TMSIMSRN(MobileStationRoaming
Number)
50.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comContainsDatabaseforvalidatingIMEIWhiteList(validME)BlackList(StolenME)GreyList
(FaultyME)
51.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comProvidesfunctiontoenabletheGSMSystemtointerfacewithPublic/PrivateData
Networks.ThebasicfeatureoftheIWFareRateConversionProtocoladaptationIWFincorporatesModemBank.e.g.GSMDTEPSTNDTEIWF
AnalogueModem
52.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.com EchoisapparentonlyinMobileLandconversation&isgeneratedatthe2wireto4wire
interface. Toavoidit,EchoCanceller(EC)isused. EchoisirritatingtoMSSubscriber TotalRoundTripdelayof180msintheGSMsystem
ECisplacedonthePSTNsideoftheSwitch Cancellationupto68mswithEC
53.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comEvent&AlarmManagementFaultManagementPerformanceManagementConfiguration
ManagementSecurityManagement
54.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comBroadlyclassifiedintotwotypesofinterfacesStandardInterfaces2MbpsTrunks
(E1)SignallingSystemNo.7SS7(CCS7)X.25(PacketSwitchedMode)GSMInterfaces
55.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comUmMSBTSAbisBTSBSCABSCMSCBMSCVLRCMSCHLRDVLRHLRE
MSCMSCFMSCEIRGVLRVLRHHLRAUC
56.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comGSMprotocolsarebasicallydividedintothreelayers:Layer1:PhysicallayerEnablesphysical
transmission(TDMA,FDMA,etc.)AssessmentofchannelqualityExceptontheairinterface(GSMRec.04.04),PCM30orISDNlinksareused
(GSMRec.08.54onAbisinterfaceand08.04onAtoFinterfaces).Layer2:DatalinklayerMultiplexingofoneormorelayer2connectionson
control/signalingchannelsErrordetection(basedonHDLC)FlowcontrolTransmissionqualityassuranceRoutingLayer3:NetworklayerConnection
management(airinterface)ManagementoflocationdataSubscriberidentificationManagementofaddedservices(SMS,callforwarding,
conferencecalls,etc.)
57.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comAUTHENTICATIONCIPHERINGREGISTRATIONCALLESTABLISHMENTHANDOVER
/HANDOFFROAMING
58.Monday,June03,
2013www.tempustelcosys.comNSSMSHLRAUCAUTH.ALGORITHMSA3SIMMSAUTH.ALGORITHMSA3KiRANDRANDCOMPARESRESSRESKiAIR
INTERFACE
59.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comDataprotectionisrequiredonairinterface.AspecifickeycalledCipheringKey(Kc),is
generatedfromRANDandA8algorithm.A8isontheSIM.A8RANDKiKc
60.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comA5DataKcCipheredDataA5KcData
61.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comAccessNetworkMicrowave15/23GHzBackboneNetworkMicrowave7GHzOptical
FibersLeasedLine(FromDotoranyotherserviceprovideronanymedia)
62.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comDifferentPossibleCombinationsMonoModeStepIndex10/125mMonoModeGraded
indexMultiModeStepIndex100/300mMultiModeGradedIndex75/130mMonoModeGradedIndexwouldhavebeenthebestbutfabrication
notpossible140MbpsOLTE,MonoModeStepIndexinourcase
63.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.com
64.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comPhysicalChannelLogicalChannelPhysicalChannelPhysicalchannelisthemediumoverwhich
theinformationiscarried.LogicalChannelLogicalchannelsconsistsoftheinformationcarriedoverthePhysicalChannel.
65.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.com01234567357encrypted57encrypted26training1S1S3T8.25GP3T577S577Sx8=
4.615mSTDMAFrameNormalBurst26FrameMultiframe
66.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.com
67.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.com TimeisdividedintodiscreteperiodscalledTimeslotsTCHcarriespayloaddataspeech,
fax,dataConnectionmaybe:CircuitSwitchedvoiceordataorPacketSwitcheddataTCHmaybe:FullRate(TCH/F)onechannelperuser
13kb/svoice,9.6kb/sdataorHalfRate(TCH/H)onechannelsharedbetweentwousers6.5kb/svoice,4.8kb/sdataTrafficChannelsTCH/FFull
rate22.8kbits/sTCH/HHalfrate11.4kbits/s
68.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comDCCH(DedicatedChannels)Downlink&UplinkCCCH(CommonControlChan)Downlink&
UplinkSynch.ChannelsRACHRandomAccessChannelCBCHCellBroadcastChannelSDCCHStandalonededicatedcontrol
channelACCHAssociatedControlChannelsSACCHSlowassociatedControlChannelFACCHFastAssociatedControl
ChannelPCH/AGCHPaging/AccessgrantFCCHFrequencyCorrectionchannelControlChannelsBCH(Broadcastchannels)Downlink
onlyBCCHBroadcastcontrolchannelSCHSynchronizationchannel
69.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comBCHchannelsarealldownlinkandareallocatedtotimeslotzero.Channelsare:FCCH:
Frequencycontrolchannelsendsthemobileaburstofall0bitswhichallowsittofinetunetothedownlinkfrequencySCH:Synchronization
channelsendstheabsolutevalueoftheframenumber(FN),whichistheinternalclockoftheBTS,togetherwiththeBaseStationIdentityCode
(BSIC)BCCH:BroadcastControlChannelsendsradioresourcemanagementandcontrolmessages,LocationAreaCodeandsoon.Somemessages
gotoallmobiles,othersjusttothosethatareintheidlestate
70.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comCCCHcontainsallpointtomultipointdownlinkchannels(BTStoseveralMSs)andtheuplink
RandomAccessChannel:CBCH:CellBroadcastChannelisanoptionalchannelforgeneralinformationsuchasroadtrafficreportssentintheform
ofSMSPCH:PagingChannelsendspagingsignaltoinformmobileofacallRACH:RandomAccessChannelissentbytheMStorequest

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 5/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT
achannelfromtheBTSoracceptahandovertoanotherBTS.AchannelrequestissentinresponsetoaPCHmessage.AGCH:AccessGrantChannel
allocatesadedicatedchannel(SDCCH)tothemobileNCH:NotificationChannelinformsMSaboutincominggrouporbroadcastcalls
71.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comSDCCH(StandaloneDedicatedControlChannel)UplinkandDownlinkUsedforcallsetup,
locationupdateandSMS.SACCH(SlowAssociatedControlChannel)UsedonUplinkandDownlinkonlyindedicatedmode.UplinkSACCH
messagesMeasurementreports.DownlinkSACCHmessagescontrolinfo.FACCH(FastAssociatedControlChannel)Uplinkand
Downlink.AssociatedwithTCHonly.
72.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comTheTimeSlotsarearrangedinasequence,conventionallynumbered0to7.Eachrepetitionof
thissequenceiscalledaTDMAFrame.Theinformationcontentcarriedinonetimeslotiscalledaburst.
73.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.com Information MainAreawheretheSpeech,DataorControlinfoisheld GuardPeriod To
enablethebursttohitthetimeslot(0.031ms) StealingFlags 2bitsaresetwhenTCHistostolenbyaFACCH TrainingSequence For
estimationoftransfercharacteristicsofphysicalmedia TailBits Usedtoindicatebeginningandendoftheburst.
74.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.com0123456724567301FRAME1FRAME2TrainingSequenceInformation
InformationGUARDPERIODGUARDPERIODTAILBITSTAILBITS
75.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.com NormalBurstTraffic&ControlChannelsBidirectional FrequencyCorrectionBurstFCCH
Downlink SynchronizationBurstSCHDownlink DummyBurstBCCHCarrierDownlink AccessBurstRACHUplink
76.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comMobiletoMobileIntracityIntercityMobiletoLandIntracityIntercityLandtoMobileIntra
cityIntercity
77.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.com13CHANNELREQUESTDCCHASSIGNSIGNALLINGLINKESTABLISHEDREQUEST
FORSERVICESETCIPHERMODESETUPEQUIPMENTIDREQUESTAUTHENTICATIONMSBSSMSCVLRHLR
PSTNEIRRACHAGCHSDCCHSDCCHCallInfo74652CRCC
78.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.com8COMPLELTECALLCALLPROCEEDING9ASSIGNMENTCOMMANDINITIAL&
FINALADDRESS(IFAM)ASSIGNMENTCOMPLETE(ACM)10ANSWER(ANS)11CONNECT
ACKNOWLEDGESDCCHSDCCHASSIGNMENTCOMPLELTEMSHEARSRINGTONEFROMLANDPHONEALTERINGRING
TONESTOPSCONNECT(channel)(TCH)FACCHFACCHFACCHTCH(circuit)FAACHBILLINGSTARTSHello!MSBSSMSCVLRHLRPSTN
EIR
79.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comCallingLineIdentificationPresentAbsentConnectLineIdentificationPresentAbsent
ClosedUserGroupCUGOnlyincomingOnlyoutgoingOperatorControlledBarring
80.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.com Dataratessupportedasoftodayare 2.4Kbps 4.8Kbps 9.6Kbps GPRS&EDGE
implementationtakesthedatacapabilitytohigherleveloftheorderof184kbpsandmore
81.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comGoodcoveragewhereeverhegoesGoodqualityNoblockingValueaddedservices
SMSVoicemailMMSCallforward/callwaitingData/internetathighdataratesprepaid
82.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comThebasicobjectivesofawirelesssystemare:COVERAGE:providesufficientcellsitesto
deliverRFcoverageoftheentiredesiredarea.BUILDING/VEHICLEPENETRATION:deliversufficientsignallevelstoadequately
penetratebuildingsandvehicleswhereappropriate.TRAFFIC:ensurethatnocellcapturesmoretrafficthanitcanhandleatthedesiredgrade
ofservice(i.e.,blockingpercentage)PERFORMANCE:design,construct,andadjustthenetworktodeliverreliableservicefreefromexcessive
originationandcalldeliveryfailures,droppedcalls,qualityimpairments,andserviceoutages.ECONOMICS:providereturnoninvestment
sufficienttosupportoperatingandcapitalexpenses,expandthenetworktotakeadvantageofgrowthopportunities,andretirecostsofconstruction
priortodepreciationofthenetworkequipment
83.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comInputsCoverageobjectivesAreacoverageobjectivesCoveragepenetrationobjectives
Morphologydata/clutterinformationTerraindataandVectormapsTrafficobjectivesNumberofsubscribersdefinedTrafficpersubscriber
definedDesiredgradeofservicedefinedCityregulationsBTSHardwarespecificationsLinkBudgetBusinessandLogisticalobjectives
CapitalbudgetTiming:launchdataOperatingrevenueVs.totalcostsOutputCelldatabaseandtrafficmodelCompositecoverageplotEqual
powerhandoffboundariesplot
84.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comSiteacquisitionAvailabilityofsuitablecandidate(buildingorland)OwnerinterestCostof
leasingFrequencyclearance(SACFA)GovernmentauthorityapprovalSpaceconstraintsandotherconstructionissuesCandidateLocationline
ofsighttotheobjectiveCluttertypeTerrainvariationsPhysicalBlockingbuildings,hoardingsWaterMumbaiHighend,hightrafficareas
areveryclosetowater.MakesRFdesignmuchmorechallengingDeviationfromdesiredlocationimpactssurroundingsitelocations
85.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comUnderstandgeographicalareaasperlicenseagreementDefinecoverageexpectationsin
termsOnroadcoverageInbuildingcoverage(differentpenetrationmargins)Capacityconsiderationsbusyhourpersubscribercallattemptsand
minutesofuse(Erlangs)1Erlangis1callof1hourdurationDecidenumberofsitesbasedoncoveragecapacityrequirementPropagationtools
usedforthisanalysisFinalizeexactsitelocationsafterfieldsurveyInitiatecandidateidentificationprocessSiteacquisition/antennapositioning
Modifyexistingdesignifsitelocationchanges
86.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comTraffic&GrowthAnalysisSystemOptimisationSiteCoverageConfirmationSiteSearch
&SelectionPropagationmodelverificationSystem/SiteDimensioningRF&NetworkPlanningMarketRequirementSiteAcquisitionSite
BuildOperationalNetworkSiteSearchPlanPerformanceMonitoring
87.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.com Variousstepsarelistedbelow CWsurvey ModelTuning NominalPlanning RFsite
Surveys RealizedPlanning FrequencyPlanning Implementation Optimization DriveTesting PerformanceAnalysis
88.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comItconsistsofplanningasetofsitesonplanningtoolsoastopredictthecoverageofthetarget
areaToolneedstobemadeintelligentsoastopredictthecoverageascloseaspossibletoactualcoverageCoverageplotsarebasedoncustomer
intensionofprovidingindoorandoutdoorcoverage
89.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.com
90.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comColabaMalabarHillMazgaon>=30dB::34wallcoverage2530dB:3WallCoverage2325dB:
23WallCoverage1823dB:23WallCoverage1618dB:2WallCoverage816dB:12wallCoverage08dB:OnRoad1WallCoverage00dB:On
Road/NoCoverageIndoorCoverage:PenetrationMarginLegend
91.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comPropagationmodelsareusedtopredictcoveragefromaparticularsiteAcompositecoverage
plotshowstheoverallcoverageproducedbyeachsectorinthefieldofviewThecolorofeachpixelcorrespondstothesignallevelofthestrongest
serveratthatpointSuchplotsareusefulforidentifyingcoverageholesandoverallcoverageextent
92.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comCluttertypesDenseUrbanUrbanSubUrbanRuralWaterVegetationIndustrialForest
93.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comEachnominalhasasearchringdefinedbytheRFPlannerCandidatesneedstobeidentifiedas
closeaspossibletothenominalwithinthesearchringHeight,orientations&antennaplacementatsitearethekeyRFparameterwhicharebased
uponthecoveragerequirementintheareaMajorobstructionsandcluttertypeinvariousdirectionstobeobservedonRFsurvey
94.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comEquipmentrequiredforRFSurveyGPSDigitalCameraBinocularsMagneticCompassThere
mightbe3ormorecandidatessurveysforonesiteEachcandidatewouldhaveanRFsurveyformandpanoramicassociatedwithit
95.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comDrivetestingisanimportantactivitytogetstatistics&graphsoncoverage,quality&capacity
inthedownlinkdirectionDrivetestsetupDTtool,EngineeringHandset,GPS,accessoriesCallin2modesDedicatedwhilethemobileison
callIdlewhilethemobileisidleImportantparametersobservedduringdrivetestingCoverageRxlevel(Full&Sub)QualityRxQual&SQI
Handover,Droppedcall,Neighborlist,TA
96.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comParametersofpropagationmodelsmustbeadjustedforbestfittoactualdrivetest

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 6/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT
measureddataintheareawherethemodelisappliedThefigureatrightshowsdrivetestsignalstrengthsobtainedusingatesttransmitteratanactual
testsiteToolsautomatetheprocessofcomparingthemeasureddatawithitsownpredictions,andderivingerrorstatisticsPredictionmodel
parametersthencanbetunedtominimizeobservederror
97.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comThewordsperformanceoptimizationmeandifferentthingstodifferentpeople,viewedfrom
theperspectiveoftheirownjobsSystemPerformanceOptimizationincludesmanydifferentsmallerprocessesatmanypointsduringasystemslife
recognizingandresolvingsystemdesignrelatedissues(cantbuildacrucialsite,toomuchoverlap/softhandoff,coverageholes,etc.)cluster
testingandcellintegrationtoensurethatnewbasestationhardwareworksandthatcallprocessingisnormalfinetuningsystemparametersto
wringoutthebestpossiblecallperformanceidentifyingcausesofspecificproblemsandcustomercomplaints,andfixingthemcarefullywatching
systemtrafficgrowthandtheproblemsitcausesimplementingshorttermfixestoeasehotspots,andrecognizingproblemsbeforethey
becomecritical
98.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comOptimisationisanongoingprocessofanalysingnetworkperformanceagainstQualityofService
targets:
99.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comMeasurementsofnetworkperformancecover:TrafficinerlangsTCHandSDCCHGradeof
Service(Congestion)CallsuccessrateHandoverfailureCoverageareaCoveragequalitySubscriberbaseandgrowthKeyPerformance
Indicators(KPI)aremeasurabledynamicparametersthathelptotargetareasofconcern
100.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comAppropriateKPIstousedependon:ThenatureofthenetworkDatasourcesavailable
MeasurementtoolsavailableAbilityofengineeringteamCostofnetworkinfrastructureSourcesofdatainclude:Surveyeddatafromdrivetests
NetworkstatisticsfromOMCFieldengineerreports
101.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comTransmissionTimingPowerControlVADVoiceActivityDetectorandDTXMultipath
FadingEqualizationDiversityFrequencyHoppingAntennaParameters(Height,Azimuth,Tilts)
102.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.com
103.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.com
104.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comSurveyeddatafromtestmobilemeasurementscanbeusedtobenchmarksystemperformance
againstthatofacompetitorProblemsthatmaybeidentifiedfromsurveyeddata:PoorcoverageUnexpectedinterferenceMissinghandover
definitionsInstallationproblemsatBTSTestmobilemeasurementsshouldinclude:continuouscallstotestcoveragerepetitiveshortcallstotest
callsuccess
105.Monday,June03,2013www.tempustelcosys.comRFPlanningToolDriveTestToolOptimizationToolMapInfo

Recommended
MorefromUser

LOSSurvey
TempusTelcosys
2,789views

DriveTest
TempusTelcosys
9,553views

TEMSPARAMETERS
TempusTelcosys
11,402views

Dtparameters
sangwa85

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 7/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT
6,948views

Driveprocedure
AnilParmar
3,233views

3gdrivetestprocedure
AnasZarifah
4,181views

RFPlanning&Optimization
SyedAbdulBasit
55,756views

GSMRFInterviewQ&A
SyedWaqasPervez
24,750views

DriveTesting
shirazthegreat
4,601views

Rfoptimization
TempusTelcosys
5,138views

Trainingonmicrowavecommunication
TempusTelcosys
7,560views

Transmissionfundamentals
TempusTelcosys
4,297views

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 8/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

Rfsurvey
HarishKumawat
4,142views

Gsmrfinterviewquestions
radira03
13,842views

Temslayer3_messages
badgirl3086
6,443views

Top5rfengineerinterviewquestionswithanswers
bantdaisy35
4,744views

Temstrainingbyriteshsati
Riteshsati
4,173views

2gvs3gdrive

7,162views

RSCPRSSIEC/NOCQI
FarazHusain
97,738views

Pointtopointmicrowave
nandkishorsuman
43,680views

510086863gdrivetestppt
DoricRamlakhan
http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 9/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT
4,197views

55398742drivetestanalysis
DoricRamlakhan
3,188views

Drivetestlearning
KshitijVerma
2,172views

Dtnotespart1
syedusama7
12,603views

Top103GRadioOptimisationActions
AbdulMuin
40,842views

3ginterviewquestion&answerbytelsol360
Telsol
4,030views

Rfoptimisation
AntoRadde
2,857views

Microwavelinkdesign
SaifUllahKhan
7,515views

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 10/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

PresentationRfOptimizationAndPlanning
UmmaarraaRaa
18,866views

Kpianalysis
avneesh7
13,947views

Dtparameters
bilal_akram
1,344views

Dtnotespart2
syedusama7
7,105views

Temsoperationsteps

1,185views

Rfsurvey
RajeshKumarLehra
3,094views

EMFSurvey
TempusTelcosys
3,247views

Umtsinterviewqa
syedusama7
8,818views

DriveTestNemo
tohaardinugraha
20,660views

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 11/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

54600526drivetestlogsanalysis
DoricRamlakhan
1,707views

Wcdmakpianalysis
a8us
14,594views

3GDriveTest
shirazthegreat
1,666views

Gsm
TempusTelcosys
2,354views

Gsm1
TempusTelcosys
591views

03WirelessConcept
TempusTelcosys
357views

BASICGSM
TempusTelcosys
12,546views

02channelconcept
TempusTelcosys
1,461views

Ultrasitetechnicalfor4op
TempusTelcosys
1,170views

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 12/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

UltraRFper2
TempusTelcosys
314views

IntroductiontoGenexAssistance
TempusTelcosys
3,397views

Ch04HANDOVER_gvl
TempusTelcosys
1,206views

Channelconfihs9
TempusTelcosys
560views

TransmissionmanagementinBSS
TempusTelcosys
861views

BSSDimensioning
TempusTelcosys
445views

3gcdmaqualcom
TempusTelcosys
537views

3g
TempusTelcosys
179views

Introductiontomapinfo
TempusTelcosys
1,682views

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 13/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

3g
TempusTelcosys
388views

Cdma2000networkproblemanalysiswithmobilestation20030212av1.0
TempusTelcosys
481views

CDMA1XPilotPanoramaintroduction
TempusTelcosys
182views

QCTestCDMAAirInterfaceTester(CAIT)3.1UsersGuide
TempusTelcosys
2,005views

Ccfintroductiontoantenna
TempusTelcosys
371views

Ccfradiopropagationtheoryandpropagationmodels
TempusTelcosys
948views

ORG010202CDMA1xHandoffAlgorithm
TempusTelcosys
926views

RG000006CDMA1Xhandoffalgorithm
TempusTelcosys
1,535views

CDMA1xIntroductiontoPowerControlIssue2.1
TempusTelcosys
399views

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 14/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

CDMA2000PrincipleIssue4.0
TempusTelcosys
892views

Gsmsystemantenna
TempusTelcosys
2,258views

Transmissionfundamentals
TempusTelcosys
4,297views

Trainingonmicrowavecommunication
TempusTelcosys
7,560views

LOSSurvey
TempusTelcosys
2,789views

Introductiontomapinfo
TempusTelcosys
1,171views

FrequencyReuse
TempusTelcosys
1,580views

FrequencyHoppingNetwork
TempusTelcosys
1,229views

CDMA
TempusTelcosys
2,453views

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 15/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

TEMSPARAMETERS
TempusTelcosys
11,402views

TEMSIntallation8.0.3Guide
TempusTelcosys
1,611views

CDMAPARAMETER
TempusTelcosys
562views

Rfoptimization
TempusTelcosys
5,138views

EMFSurvey
TempusTelcosys
3,247views

BasicPrinciplesandDesignofTheAntennainMobileCommunications
TempusTelcosys
5,663views

CDMAIntroducton
TempusTelcosys
2,414views

ENGLISH
English
Franais
Espaol
Portugus(Brasil)
Deutsch

English
Espanol
Portugues
Franais
Deutsche

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 16/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT
About
Careers
Dev&API
Press
Blog
Terms
Privacy
Copyright
Support

LinkedInCorporation2015

SharethispresentationEmbedthispresentationLikethispresentationYouhavelikedthispresentationSavedisabledbytheauthor

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 17/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 18/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 19/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 20/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 21/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 22/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 23/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 24/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 25/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 26/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 27/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 28/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 29/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 30/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 31/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 32/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 33/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 34/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 35/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 36/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 37/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 38/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 39/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 40/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 41/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 42/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 43/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 44/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 45/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 46/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 47/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 48/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 49/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 50/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 51/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 52/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 53/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

UpcomingSlideShare

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 54/55
2/5/2015 GSM,RF&DT

Loadingin...5

http://www.slideshare.net/TempusTelcosys/gsmrfdt 55/55