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BOUNDARIES
Anterior: Deep fascia of the leg.
Medial: Lateral surface of the shaft of the tibia.
Lateral: Anterior intermuscular septum.
Posterior: Interosseous membrane.
CONTENTS
1. Middle 2/4th
1. Extension of the
(posterior part) of the
Base (dorsal surface) of phalanges of the big
Extensor hallucis medial surface of the
the distal phalanx of the toe
longus shaft of fibula
big toe 2. Dorsiflexion of the
2. Adjacent part of the
foot
interosseous membrane
1. Dorsiflexion of the
Whole of the upper
Middle and distal foot
1/4th and medial part of
Extensor digitorum phalanges of the lateral 2. Extension of MP*,
the middle 2/4th of the
longus four toes by four PIP**, and DIP***
anterior surface of the
tendons joints of the lateral
fibula
four toes
TIBIALIS ANTERIOR
Its a spindle-shaped multipennate muscle. Its the most medial and
superficial dorsiflexor of the foot, which is located against the lateral surface
of the tibia.
Origin
It appears from:
Upper 2/3rd of the lateral surface of the tibia and adjoining part of the
lateral condyle of the tibia.
Adjoining part of the interosseous membrane.
Overlying deep fascia of the leg.
Insertion
The muscle fibres converge below to create a tendon that is related to the
lower 1/3rd of the lateral surface of the tibia. It pierces the medial part of
superior extensor retinaculum and the upper group of inferior extensor
retinaculum. Now it enters medially underneath the inferior group of inferior
extensor retinaculum to be added on to the inferomedial side of the base of
the very first metatarsal bone and adjacent part of the medial cuneiform.
Nerve Supply
Actions
Clinical testing
Clinical significance
The anterior tibial artery descends through the anterior compartment on the
interosseous membrane. In the distal leg, it lies between the tendons of the
tibialis anterior and extensor hallucis longus muscles. It leaves the leg by
passing anterior to the distal end of the tibia and ankle joint and continues
onto the dorsal aspect of the foot as the dorsalis pedis artery.
In the proximal leg, the anterior tibial artery has a recurrent branch, which
connects with the anastomotic network of vessels around the knee joint.
DEEP PERONEAL NERVE (ANTERIOR TIBIAL
NERVE)
Its the nerve of the anterior compartment of the leg and dorsum of the
foot. It corresponds to the posterior interosseous nerve of the forearm.
The nerve associated with the anterior compartment of the leg is the deep
fibular nerve. This nerve originates in the lateral compartment of the
leg as one of the two divisions of the common fibular nerve.
The deep fibular nerve innervates all muscles in the anterior compartment
then continues into the dorsal aspect of the foot where it innervates the
extensor digitorum brevis, contributes to the innervation of the first two
dorsal interossei muscles, and supplies the skin between the great and
second toes.