A Detailed Lesson Plan on the Nature and Characteristics of Waves

I. Objectives:

At the end of the activity most of the students should be able to;

(a) Explain how waves are produce.

(b) Describe and explain wave motion as illustrated by vibrations in ropes, and by water in
the sea.

(c) Distinguish between transverse and longitudinal waves, and give suitable examples of
each.

II. Subject Matter

A. Topic: Nature and Characteristics of Waves

B. Learning Materials:

(a) 1 rope

(b) Flash animations

(c) movie clips

(d) PowerPoint Slides

C. References:
Grade 7 TeachingGuide (Dep.Ed), Phet.Colorado.com/ PhetSim

D. Science Process Skills

Explaining and constructing

E. Value Integration
Showing interest during the teaching-learning process.

F. Teaching Strategy
Discussion, Collaborative Activity and PowerPoint Presentation

III. Developmental Task

 Teachers Activity Students Activity
Good Morning Class. We will have an Students: Good Morning Sir.
activity for today.

Class have ever seen or heard about Students: Yes sir!

tsunami wave?

This time I will show you a video clip

about a tsunami that hit Japan in 2011.
Have you heard that in the news? Who of
you watch news here?

Okay.....please watch this (The teacher will

play the clip)

So class what are your thoughts about Jeiril: It was terrifying and destructive sir.
what you have seen in the video? Im sure many houses and buildings were
destroyed.

Thats right thats why when you go to the

beach you must be vigilant. We cannot tell
what time a tsunami will happen. Right?
According to what you have heard in the
news if so happened that you really watch
news.....what was the cause of this Dharlene: Sir because of earthquake in the
tsunami? ocean thats why that happened sir.

Yes..of course! Tsunami is caused by an

earthquake in the ocean or what geologists
called under water earthquake.

Now, I will ask you.....what is in your

mind when say wave...just like what you
have seen in the video? Perly : Wave are like one of those in the
ocean that we can see when we go out for
That right! What a brilliant idea Perly. a picnic at the beach sir.

What else?
Mea: A tsunami wave sir.....I remember
That is absolutely commendable idea Mea. when I watched news about what
Very good. happened in Phuket Thailand. Many
people died in that terrifying calamity.
But what we know about wave now is just
a part of what we are about to know in this
lesson.

In this lesson we will learn what is a wave,

how it is formed or produce, or what
causes its existence its nature and
characteristics.

Waves that we can see in the ocean are

good example of a wave. However, our
idea about wave must not be confined only
in that example.

Later, as we go along our lesson, we will

encounter different types and sources of
waves. Like sound waves, light waves
(electromagnetic wave) etc.

So waves are everywhere. Do you agree Students: Yes sir.

on that class?

Later we will know where we could

possibly found some more waves. Before
that I will show you how wave is formed,
what causes it and it affects as all. .

(The teacher will show a picture of a water

ripple to the class)

Now class I will show a picture of how the

water in turns into a ripples or waves.

So what do you think causes the water to

ripple or form into waves? Jeiril: Because of the wind sir.

Correctvery good!

So wind causes a disturbance in the water

as it blows at the sea. But aside from that
how do you think can be a wave at the sea
formed?
Perly: By an earthquake sir. Based on the
video that we have watch a while ago
waves can be formed because of tsunami
caused by an earthquake.
Very good!

So. Based on your experience in water at

the sea...how do you think waves are Dharlene: Waves are formed because of
formed or created? disturbances. Like the wind that blows the
water at the sea it provides force that
create waves.

Yes Dharlene is right. Very good!

In other words what do we mean by wave? Mea: A wave is a disturbance sir.

By the way..let us first understand the

word medium. What do we mean by the
word medium ? Any idea?

Yes, Mea? Mea: In my own understanding of the

word medium, it is like a thing that enables
another thing to go from one place to
another place. Like for example when we
go to the city we have to ride on a bus or
taxi in order for us to reach our
destination. We may consider a vehicle
like a bus as a medium which helps us
Thats is very good example Mea,thank reach our destination.
you.

In the case of the water at the sea, what do
you think is the medium?
Perly: At the sea, water carries the wave
and we can see that the wave that the water
carries moves from one place to another.
Therefore we can say that the water at the
sea is a medium which carries the wave on
it.

A medium is a substance or material that

carries the wave. You have perhaps heard
of the phrase news media. The news media
refers to the various institutions
(newspaper offices, television stations,
radio stations, etc.) within our society that
carry the news from one location to
another.

Who can give me an example of a news

media?

Perly: TV Patrol sir.

What else?

Correct! Mea: 24 Oras sir.

The news moves through the media. The

media doesn't make the news and the
media isn't the same as the news. The news
media is merely the thing that carries the
news from its source to various locations.
In a similar manner, a wave medium is the
substance that carries a wave (or
disturbance) from one location to another.

Im gonna show you right now a clip that

describes how ocean waves are formed
similar to our activity a while ago.

(The teacher will show a clip on ocean

wave)

What have observed about the boat at the Perly: The boat is battling against the sea
sea after encountering those waves along wave.
its destination?

Yes, thats very obvious Perly.Thank you

By what can you say about the boat as it

continues to overcome the waves that
bumps it.

Did the boat move together with the wave?

Yes Dharlene? Dharlene:No sir, as the wave strikes

against the boat, the boat is just there and
it doesnt move.
Very good. Thank you Dharlene

In this example we can generally say that

wave does not carry or transport matter but
it only carries energy. Right Class? Students: Yes Sir
(The teacher will show a video clip)

What have observed about the duck in the

video as the wave pass through it?Mea? Mea: The duck moves up and down as the
waves pass through it.

What else? Yes..Jeiril. Jeiril: Even if the duck moves up and

down as the wave pass through it, it did
not travel along with the wave but it
returns to its original position as the the
waves rest or stop

So..according to you as the wave Jeiril:Based on my observation with the

propagates towards the duck, the duck
remains in its position and never travel
along the wave..right? So what can you
say based on that observation?
wave and the duck in the video, I can say
that waves carry energy but not any matter
because the duck remain in its position as
the wave travels. It only moves up and
down but did not travel along the wave.

So generally speaking, wave carries

energy.....energy that might be in the form
of light or sound etc...transmitted through
a medium and it will never carry matter. Students: Yes Sir
Do you agree on that?

The wave medium is not the wave and it

doesn't make the wave; it merely carries or
transports the wave from its source to
other locations. In the case of a water wave
in the ocean, the medium through which
the wave travels is the ocean water.

In the case of a sound wave moving from

the church choir to the pews, the medium
through which the sound wave travels is
the air in the room. And in the case of
the stadium wave, the medium through
which the stadium wave travels is the fans
that are in the stadium.

There are two types of waves, Transverse

wave and Longitudinal wave.

(The teacher will call two students

volunteer to do the activity in front of the
class. The teacher then get the rope and do
the instruction)

Okay class heres what we are going to do.

First, Perly will hold the rope from one
end and Mea will hold it from the other
end.

(Then the teacher take the attention of his

student Perly)

Now, what I want you to do is to make a

wave in this rope with a slight speed.

....then with a medium speed

....then with a faster speed.

Now, what have you observe about the

rope as Perly moves it up and down?
Jeiril: It forms like a wave sir.
Yes Jeiril please?

Thats right !Very Good !

The rest please observe and prepare for my

questions later.

(Jeiril and Dharlene perform the activity )

That is right.

In our activity this vibration on the rope is

created because of ENERGY.
Based on the activity with the rope where
do you think that energy come from? Or
who do you think is the source of that
energy? Jeiril?
Jeiril: Since Perly is the one who is
holding the rope and vibrates it therefore
Perly is the source of the Energy which
enables the rope to vibrate.

Correct.

In our activity with the rope we may

consider Perly as an energy source and the
rope as the medium where the energy
passes through. Do you agree on that
class?

Mea: It vibrates or moves up and down.

Now, as Perly applies her energy to move

the rope....what happened to the rope then?

Of course! Theoretically speaking, as

Perly applies a force to move the rope she
only transfers her energy on the rope and
that energy is in the form of wave.
Actually it really forms like a wave am I
right?

Now, will find out what is a transverse

wave.

(The teacher calls for Mea and Perly to

repeat the activity again with the rope)

Please observe the wave again. Look at the
position and direction of the wave
produce.
As Perly vibrates the rope, what have you
observe with the direction of her hand and
the direction of the travel of the wave?
So, based on that observation how could
you define transverse wave?
Dharlene: I have observe that Perlys hand
moves up and down to create a vibration
on the rope and this vibration
perpendicular to the direction of the travel
of the wave.
Dharlene:A transverse wave is a wave in
which particles of the medium move in a
direction perpendicular to the direction
that the wave moves.

Thats right! Very good.

Remember that this particle may also refer

to any matter that is carried by the wave or
in this case the particle is the rope itself.
Another category of wave is called
Longitudinal Wave The best example of
this is the sound wave.
For us to better understand what is meant
longitudinal wave....it is better that we use
slinky coil. Unfortunately it is not
available but Im going to show a short
illustration of how longitudinal wave is
formed and how it transport energy. Please Jeiril: As I watch the animation I have
notice that the wave moves along the
watch this.(The teacher will play a an
direction of the wave.
animation)
So based on your observation what is the
Mea: Based on my observation the waves
direction of the vibration? Yes Jeiril.
or vibration and the direction of its travel
is the same. Therefore as what Jeiril said
longitudinal wave is a type of wave that is
characterized by particle motion
How could you describe longitudinal wave being parallel to wave motion.
then? Mea?
Longitudinal waves are always
characterized by particle motion
being parallel to wave motion.
Right! Very good!

Perhaps it is a little bit confusing to

describe longitudinal wave...so to better
understand it I will show you again an
illustration about Longitudinal wave as
well as transverse wave for you to better
see how they differ from each other.
(the teacher presents a PowerPoint slides)

Now class, can you describe now how

longitudinal wave formed?
Can you now differentiate transverse wave Mea: A transverse wave is a wave in
from longitudinal wave? Yes Mea? which particles of the medium move in a
direction perpendicular to the direction
that the wave moves while Longitudinal
wave is a type of wave in which the
particles of the medium moves parallel to
the direction of the wave.

VI. Assessment

Test I. Identification

1.The repeating and periodic disturbance that moves through a medium from one location to
another is referred to as a__________?
2.It is a substance or material that carries the wave.

3. If wave does not transport matter what does it transport from one place to another?

4.It is a wave in which particles of the medium move in a direction perpendicular to the direction
that the wave moves.

5.It is a wave in which particles of the medium move in a direction parallel to the direction that
the wave moves.

6.A___________ wave traveling through air is a classic example of a longitudinal wave.

7. What is an example of a transverse wave?

9-10 Differentiate transverse wave from longitudinal wave.

VII. Assignment

Please research and define the following terms for our next lesson tomorrow.

1. Speed
2. Frequency
3. Wavelength
4. Period
5. amplitude