AutomaticControlEngineering

AssignmentI

ArjunSadananda
15ME114
16thAugust2017
WhatisEngineering?
Problemsareanengineersinspiration
andmathsandsciencearethetoolsusedtosolvethem.
Videoreferencedatthebottomofthispage

Wikipedia:
Engineeringistheapplicationofmathematics,aswellasscientific,
economic,social,andpracticalknowledgetoinvent,innovate,design,
build,maintain,research,andimprovestructures,machines,tools,systems,
components,materials,processes,solutions,andorganizations.

GoogleDictionary
ndnr?/
noun
1.thebranchofscienceandtechnologyconcernedwiththedesign,building,and
useofengines, machines,andstructures.afieldofstudyoractivity
concernedwithmodificationordevelopmentina particulararea.
2.theactionofworkingartfullytobringsomethingabout.

Engineering.com
(adigitalmediapublisherthatbringsthemostinfluentialvoicesin
engineeringtoaworldwideaudienceofdesignersandengineers.)
Ourmission:

Ourteamofwriters,editors,videographersandindustryanalystsdeliver
engagingstoriesthatinspireengineerstopushtheboundariesof
innovation.ButwhatisInnovation?

Innovationcanbedefinedsimplyasa"newidea,deviceormethod".
Source:Wikipedia

MerriamWebster:
a:theapplicationofscienceandmathematicsbywhichthepropertiesof
matterandthesourcesofenergyinnaturearemadeusefultopeople
b:thedesignandmanufactureofcomplexproducts

Dictionary.com:
theartorscienceofmakingpracticalapplicationoftheknowledgeof
puresciences,asphysicsorchemistry

ToPutitAlltogether,Source:UniversityofNewcastleAustralia(YouTube)
Alarms,Trains,TrafficLights,AngryBirds,allthesethingsweremade
possiblebyengineers.
YoucanFLYtodaybecause,aMechanicalEngineerdesignedtheEngine,a
Mechatronicsengineers'Controlsystem,FuelextractedbyMiningEngineer
andrefinedbyChemicalengineers,navigatedbyElectricalandSoftware
Engineers.800+meterstallBurjKhalifawaspossiblebecauseofclever
ideasfromaCivilengineer.
Whataboutthefuture?Whatproblemswillengineerssolvenext?Affordable
Solarpower?Robotsthatcanperformlifesavingsurgeryor...Working
Hoverboard!
Engineerstakecrazyoutthereideatoseeifitisactuallypossibleandif
theyare,sharingitwiththeworldtomakeallourlivesbetter.
Historyof
AutomaticControlEngineering
Automatic control in engineering and technology is a wide
generic term covering the application of mechanisms to the
operationandregulationofprocesseswithoutcontinuousdirect
humanintervention.

Control engineering or control systems engineering is an

engineering
discipline
thatapplies automaticc
ontrol theoryto
designsystemswithdesiredbehaviorsincontrolenvironments.

InPtolemaicEgypt,about270BC,Ctesibius
describedafloatregulatorforawaterclock,
adevicenotunliketheballandcockina
modernflushtoilet.

ThePersianBan?M?s?brothers,intheirBook
ofIngeniousDevices(850AD),describeda
numberofautomaticcontrols.Twosteplevel
controlsforfluids,aformofdiscontinuous
variablestructurecontrols,wasdevelopedby
theBanuMusabrothers.Theyalsodescribeda
feedbackcontroller.
Theintroductionofprimemovers,orself
drivenmachinesadvancedgrainmills,
furnaces,boilers,andthesteamenginecreated
anewrequirementforautomaticcontrol
systemsincludingtemperatureregulators Ctesibius'sclepsydra(3rd
(inventedin1624(CorneliusDrebbel)), centuryBC).

pressureregulators(1681),floatregulators
(1700)andspeedcontroldevices.

ThedesignoffeedbackcontrolsystemsupthroughtheIndustrial
Revolutionwasbytrialanderror,togetherwithagreatdealof
engineeringintuition.Thus,itwasmoreofanartthanascience.
Inthemid19thcenturymathematicswasfirstusedtoanalyzethe
stabilityoffeedbackcontrolsystems.Sincemathematicsisthe
formallanguageofautomaticcontroltheory,wecouldcallthe
periodbeforethistimetheprehistoryofcontroltheory.
Aroundtheperiodof
WorldWarkeyadvances
inautomaticcontrols
includedifferential
equations,stability
theoryandsystemtheory
(1938),frequencydomain
AblockdiagramofaPIDcontrollerinafeedbackloop,
analysis(1940),ship r(t)isthedesiredprocessvalueor"setpoint",and
control(1950),and y(t)isthemeasuredprocessvalue.

stochasticanalysis(1941).

Withtheadventofthespaceagein1957,
controlsdesign,particularlyinthe
UnitedStates,turnedawayfromthe
frequencydomaintechniquesofclassical
controltheoryandbackedintothe
differentialequationtechniquesofthe
late19thcentury,whichwerecouchedin
thetimedomain.Themodernerasawtime
domaindesignfornonlinearsystems
AmodernProgrammableLogic
Controller: (1961),navigation(1960),optimal
AllenBradleyMicroLogix1500
controlandestimationtheory(1962),
nonlinearcontroltheory(1969),digitalcontrolandfiltering
theory(1974),andthepersonalcomputer(1983).