Experimental and Parametric Investigation on Concrete Column Footings

* * ** ***
Tran, Dai Nghia Nguyen, The Duy Truong, Gia Toai Choi, Kyung-Kyu
ABSTRACT
The aims of this study are experimental and parametric calculating investigation into the
punching shear behaviour of RC column footings. In experimental investigation, the test results
illustrate that with increasing the longitudinal reinforcement ratio, the punching shear capacity of
the concrete column footings greatly raised. Additionary, the punching shear calculated results of
various design codes increased in the punching shear strength which were calculated with various
parameter such as concrete strength, breadth of specimen, sizes of column, effective depths and
longitudinal steel ratios when the value of each factors was increased.
1. INTRODUCTION
Nowaday, there are varieties of methods to calculate and predict the punching shear capacity
such as those proposed by ACI 318 [1], KCI [2], TCVN [3] codes. However, those approaches
were fundamental developed for normal slab-column connections, thus they may not be an
applicable method for predicting punching shear capacity of column footing connections. With the
purpose of understanding better in the punching shear mechanism on column footing connections,
in experimental test, Four footings were designed and experimented to invest the punching shear
capacity in various reinforcement steel ratios. These specimens were supported on car springs
simulating the behaviour and interaction of soil to footings. Moreover, in parameter comparison,
the parametric comparing results following KCI [2], ACI [1] and TCVN [3] illustrate some
differences between several punching footing design methods as aspects which have been omitted
in calculating mechanism to predict the strength of punching shear.
2. EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAM AND RESULTS
There were 4 reinforced concrete footing specimens designed and constructed in scale factor of
reality size, with 900900120 mm in length, width and height, respectively (Showed in Figure 1).
The longitudinal steel reinforcement with diameter of 10 mm (D10) used which has 400 MPa and
200,000 MPa corresponding to yield strength and elastic modulus, respectively. The concrete used for
casting all specimens in the experiment were designed with 30 MPa in compressive strength.
* , , ,
** , , ,
*** , , ,

2017 789
 These specimens were designed to fail in punching shear mechanism, one of them was used
as the control specimen, and the last three specimens were different from each other and the
control one in terms of various reinforcement steel ratios. According to test results, the punching
shear capacity collected in the test are much higher the predicted results by calculation as
following the method of former design codes. Moreover, in the experiment, the punching shear
capacity increased corresponding to the raise of longitudinal reinforced ratios which is similar to
the only calculated results based on KCI [2] code in increasing trend.

Figure 1. Details of control specimen F1 Figure 2. Comparing diagram in longitudinal steel ratios

3. FURTHER DISCUSSION
Concentrating on parametric comparison to have a clearly vision on calculating method of
three design codes ACI [1], KCI [2], and TCVN [3], many aspects have chosen for calculating and
comparing as various sizes of footings and column, effective depths, compressive concrete
strengths, and longitudinal reinforcement ratios. The computed results showed that all of the
design codes have mentioned most of aspects in their design methods except the size of footing.
However, ACI [1] and TCVN [3] have not concerned the longitudinal reinforcement ratios in their
design method as KCI [2] design code (Showed in Figure 2).
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This research was supported by a grant (NRF-2014R1A1A2053499) from the National Research
Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government.

REFERENCES
1. ACI318-14. Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete. ACI committee 318.
American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, USA; 2014. [1].
2. KCI 2012. KCI Concrete Design Code. Korea Concrete Institute, Korea; 2012. [2].
3. TCVN 5574:2012. Concrete and reinforced concrete structures Design standard. Vietnam
Institute for building science and technology IBST, Vietnam; 2012. [3].

790