RELATED LITERATURE

Maxham daguerreotype of Henry David Thoreau made in 1856

Born July 12, 1817
Concord, Massachusetts
Died May 6, 1862 (aged 44)
Concord, Massachusetts
Era 19th century philosophy
Region Western Philosophy
School Transcendentalism
Main interests Natural history, Unitarianism
Notable ideas Abolitionism, tax resistance, development
criticism, civil disobedience, conscientious
objection, direct action, environmentalism,
anarchism, simple living
Influenced by[show]

Influenced[show]
Signature

Emerson in 1857
Born May 25, 1803
Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
Died April 27, 1882 (aged 78)
Concord, Massachusetts, U.S.
Residence United States
Nationality American
Era 19th century philosophy
Region Western Philosophy
School Transcendentalism
Main interests Individualism, mysticism
Notable ideas Self-reliance, over-soul
Institutions Harvard College
Influenced by[show]
Influenced[show]
Signature

Thoreau studied at Harvard University between 1833

and 1837. The traditional professions open to college
graduateslaw, the church, business, medicine
failed to interest Thoreau. Instead he took the course
of rhetoric, classics, philosophy, mathematics, and
science. He became one of the faculties in Canton,
Massachusetts school but resigned when he was
assigned to administer the corporal punishment. . He
became popular when he wrote the WALDEN at
woodland owned by his mentor and friend Ralph
Waldo Emerson. The work is part personal declaration
of independence, social experiment, voyage of spiritual
discovery, satire, and manual for self-reliance
Chapter III FORENSIC STYLE

In this chapter, we will discuss the implications of forensic styles and determine the
significance literature that correlated with two languages. These are factual and
emotive language that governs concrete and abstract words respectively. There related
literature which introduced by Mr. Hendry David Thoreau known as Thoreaus quotation
and Ralph Waldo Emerson known as Emerson quotation. Their methods contribute
different ideas where Thoreaus quotation mainly factual and Emerson quotation mainly
emotive. If the speaker wants to get the attention of the audience in a certain fact
then concrete words is deem necessary as applied by Thoreaus quotation. However,
Emerson quotation institute when the speaker wants to deal with his feelings to distract
specific facts rather than logical approach to adjudicate something.

In view of factual language, the utterance may refer to exact, precise, specific,
particular and mainly factual evidence rather than value judgment. In emotive
language, the words established through emotions and feelings to deliver his ideas and
thoughts. Although different in nature but the common objective is to become
persuasive to the audiences or readers.

To distinguish the forensic language, we can apply the principles below:

.
Emotive Language
If the lawyer wants to decide on the ground of emotions and feelings then he must adhere
to his abstract language. His findings are not based from facts, indirect statement and no
clarity of expression. Most of the arguments are ambiguous and dangled that might lead to
vague statement.
..
For example, the commission of crime can be decided using personal impression based from
the defendant nationality, complexion, occupations, religions, or life status. However if
this language could be a vital source of information to attract the attention of the
audiences or readers and could be a weapon in favor with him then he should do his best to
establish emotional atmosphere.
.
Another example, the defense lawyer may speak some phrases from the bible. not to
object of claiming any special sanctity for his client but because the bible is the best
source of irrelevant emotion. This will able to persuade and to influence the audiences or
readers that can affect the judgment against the facts.
 Factual Language
The scientist formulates his judgment without emotional attachment and based his ideas
on factual evidence, law of science, research and gathered data. He never reflects his
decision on feelings and emotions that might constitute erred findings.

The lawyer wants to adjudicate criminal offense and to establish verdict decision against
to the defendant; therefore the lawyer must exhibit concrete evidence, facts and
credible grounds to avoid fallacy toward judgment.

SEE SUMMARY TABLE 1.0

COMPARISON AND DISTINCTION BETWEEN FACTUAL AND EMOTIVE LANGUANGE

FACTUAL EMOTIVE

(a) Concrete (a) Abstract

(b) Exact, precise (b) Vague
(c) Specific, particular (c) General
(d) Quantitative (d) Value judgment
(e) Mainly thoughts (e) Mainly emotions
(f) Focused on the facts (f) Distracted from the facts
(g) Precise thoughts (g) Warm emotion
(h) Cold and hard boiled thoughts (h) Irrelevant emotion
(i) Logical thoughts (i) Optimistic
(j) Cynical (j) Relaxed and receptive
(k) Critical and vigilant (k) Mood by the emotive style
(l) Mood is on the whole induced by the
factual style

Table 1.0