Characteristic of a useful hypothesis

1 feasible economically

Conceptually clear

Empirically testable

Universal applicable to a large population

Establishes a relationship between variables

Specific- understandable to alayman

Related to the problem

Fruitful for new discoveries

Consistency and harmony

Relevant to the available techniques

Function of the hypothesis

Secondly, the hypothesis acts as a pointer to enquiry.

Fourthly, the hypothesis provides guidance by way of providing the direction, pointing to
enquiry, enabling to select pertinent facts and helping to draw specific conclusions. It saves the
researcher from the botheration of trial and error which causes loss of money, energy and time.

Finally, the hypothesis plays a significant role in facilitating advancement of knowledge beyond
ones value and opinions.

Thirdly, the hypothesis enables us to select relevant and pertinent facts and makes our task
easier.
 A hypothesis should be conceptually clear :
A clear definition of concepts shouldbe used in a hypothesis and should be done free from secret words and
words instead of shapes should be used, these should further be analyzable into indicators and consist of
concepts being used in previous researches.

2. A hypothesis should have on empirical reference :

The concepts used in a hypothesis should be scientific instead of based on moral judgment like bad parents,
irreligious or'dirty children but measurable concepts, capable to be turned into indicators.

3. A hypothesis must be specific :

A useful hypothesis should be testable for the foretelling described with limits. Sometimes hypotheses are
made of general words having grandeur but there are not simply testable. Therefore,
i. It should be specific for its topic with no irrelevant matters.
ii. It should not be vast enough to be investigated.

4. A hypothesis should be related to available techniques :

A hypothesis should be related to the available techniques of research to be tested easily for the verification,
otherwise it will be devoid of meaning with no service to the scientific knowledge.

5. A hypothesis should be related to a body of theory :

A hypothesis should be related to present scientific theory. Knowledge can only progress when already present
theories and facts are further researched. If every research is individualistic and is isolated, it will have no
meaning with no progress of the scientific knowledge.

TypesofHypothesis

1. Hypothesis of Empirical Uniformities :

This is such hypotheses in which similar incidents are made topics. social situation of similar type of incidents,
has the hypothesis, called empirical uniformity hypothesis. For example, hypothesis on the topic of students
and their educational activities incidents are to be analyzed.

2. Hypothesis Concerned with Complex Ideal Types :

This is such hypothesis that aims of which are to test the logical relation between empirical uniformity. These
at; of specific type of incidents and their scientific testing is sometimes difficult. The second difficulty is that
such type of social conditions or behaviours are not available for other normal conditions. That is why on the
basis of their individualistic state, they are complicated type hypothesis.

3. Hypothesis with the Relation to Analytic Variables :

Such hypothesis where such variables are used which can be analyzed, there is a dependent and more than
one independent variables are found and by controlling independent variables could be made constant, are
called hypothesis with the relation of Analytic variables. In daily research, such hypothesis are formulated
because to analyze any social condition, these are easy and useful.
How to choose a research problem/ hypothesis

Cultural factor

Past- exactly similar to what stated- or challenging the research made / Present research

Serendipty- by chance

Intutions, observation

Types of hypothesis- universal and extension hypothesis

Causal- two variable effect of adds on changing of channels and descriptive- more no of people less
channel change

Working hypothesis- hypothesis on which the research is still going on

Simple Hypothesis- 2 variables

Complex hypothesis- more then 2 variables

Null Hypothesis- there is no relationship bet A and B

FormulationAttribution 3 theory