ConveyingPassiveVoiceWithThe(bi)

Character
Sentencesthatincludeareknownas(bizj)andareusedtoshow
apassivevoice.

Apassivevoice,iswherethenounbeingacteduponbecomesthesubjectof
thesentence.

Activesentence:Holliereadthebookinoneday.

Passivesentence:ThebookwasreadbyHollieinoneday.

Intheactivesentence,thenounwasbook.Inthepassivesentence,book
becomesthesubject.

Insentences,thepreposition()comesbeforethe
predicateverb.

Subject+agent+predicateverb

(hupngbitdple)

Thevasewasbrokenbyhim.

Thesearethefollowingtypesofsentences:
1)subject++agent+action

(mozibifngchupole)
Thehatwasblownawaybythewind.

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2)subject++action

(tdeqinbobitule)

Hiswalletwasstolen.

Inthistypeofsentence,wecanadd(rn)after,whichmeansitishardor
impossibletotellthedoer.

(mnbirnsule)

Thedoorwaslockedbysomeone.

3)subject++agent+()+action

(zhtioxnwnhnkuijiwirnmen
suywngle)

Thenewswassoonforgottenbythepeople.

4)subject++agent++action

(zhbnshbitgijizule)

Thisbookwasborrowedbyhim.

ThisexampleisspecifictowrittenChinese.Usually,anobjectshouldcome
afterthecharacterwithinthissentencepattern.

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5)+agent++subject+action

(birnbshujshuihuile)

Thecellphonewasbrokenbysomeone.

Thefeaturesofsentences
andcanbeusedinterchangeablyinsomecases:
(tnngdileyoshi)Shelostthekey.

(tbyoshinngdile)Shelostthekey.

(yoshibitnngdile)Thekeywaslostbyher.

Similarlytosentences,sentencescannotbetransformedfromanyactive
sentence,therearecertainconditions:

1)Thepredicateshouldbeatransitiveverb,andwhen
followedbyotherwords,andthen,,or
complementshowsaresultorstatuschange.
(pjibibbahgungle)

Thebeerwasdrunkbymyfather.

(shushngdexiogubitbozhejnlew)

Theinjuredpuppywasheldinsidethehouse.

Ifthesentencecontainsadisyllabicverb,thereshouldbeanadverbialmodifier
beforeit,suchasanauxiliaryverb,ortimeword,etc.

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(nzhyngzuknngbirnwji)

Youmaybemisunderstood.

(tdewnzhngyjngbizzhsh

fbiole)

Hisarticlehasbeenpublishedbythemagazine.

2)Theobjectshouldbeknownbythespeakerand
listener,andsometimescanbemodifiedbya
demonstrativepronounorotherword
(nxirndubitpinle)

Thosepeoplearealldeceivedbyhim.

(jntindebozhbirnnzule)

Todaysnewspaperwastakenawaybysomeone.

3)Auxiliaryverbsandthetime/negativeadverbial
modifierisputbefore
(tmiyubijioqkndinyngle)

Shewasnotaskedtowatchthemovie.

(zushdehizizuhubijngchzho
dole)

Thelostkidhasbeenfoundbythepoliceman.

4)Insomesituations,canbeomitted
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(jibithle)=(jithle)

However,whentheobjectisaperson,andtheagentmustbeclarified,the
cannotomitted:

(tbidinyngxidole)Hewasscaredofthemovie.

(tdinyngxidole)

AdditionalNotesandRulesabout
Sentences
1)sentencesarecommonlyusedinunpleasant
situations:
(minbobiwkohle)

Thebreadhasbeenburntbyme.

Sometimes,isnotneededwithinasentence,butaddingcanexpressthe
unsatisfiedemotionofthespeakertotheobject.

(qinthugungle)Hespentallthemoney.

(qinbithugungle)Themoneywasspentbyhim.

2)Sometransitiveverbs,whichexpressmental
processes,cannotbetransformedintoasentence,
suchas:
(gosu)totell

(dngdi)towait

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(jijn)tobecloseto

(lki)toleave

(yko)torelyon

(fcng)toobey

/(hip)tofear

(xwng)tohope

(zhzhng)toclaim

(jude)tothink

3)Iftheobjectisreferentnoun,itwillnotuse
sentence,unlessthespeakerdonotexpectthat
happened
(xnxihole)

Theletterwaswritten.

(wnxhole)

Thebowlhasbeenwashed.

YoumightalsolikethereadTheHowsandWhysoftheChinesebParticle.

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