PROBLEMAS RESUELTOS DE

ANALISIS DE ESTRUCTURAS POR EL METODO DE LOS NUDOS

Problema resuelto Pg. 246 Esttica BEDFORD

Problema 6.1 Esttica BEDFORD edic 4
Problema 6.2 Esttica BEDFORD edic 4
Problema 6.4 Esttica BEDFORD edic 5
Problema 6.13 Esttica BEDFORD edic 4
Problema 6.14 Esttica BEDFORD edic 4
Problema 6.1 BEER Johnston edic 6
Problema 6.2 BEER Johnston edic 6
Problema 6.3 BEER Johnston edic 6
Problema 6.4 BEER Johnston edic 6
Problema 6.1 Esttica Hibbeler edic 10
Problema 6.2 Esttica Hibbeler edic 10
Problema 6.3 Esttica Hibbeler edic 10
Problema 6.4 Esttica Hibbeler edic 10
Problema c-34 esttica Hibbeler edic 10
Problema C-35 esttica Hibbeler edic 10
Problema 6.8 esttica Hibbeler edic 10
Problema resuelto Pag. 145 Esttica Meriam
Problema 4.1 Esttica Meriam edicin tres
Problema 4.1 Esttica Meriam edicin cinco
Problema 4.3 Esttica Meriam edicin tres
Problema 4.3 Esttica Meriam edicin cinco
Problema 4.4 Esttica Meriam edicin tres
Problema 4.4 Esttica Meriam edicin cinco
Problema 4.5 Esttica Meriam edicin tres
Problema 4.7 Esttica Meriam edicin tres

Erving Quintero Gil

Tecnlogo electromecnico - UTS
Ing. Electromecnico - UAN
Especialista en Ingeniera del gas - UIS
Bucaramanga Colombia
2011

Para cualquier inquietud o consulta escribir a:

quintere@hotmail.com
quintere@gmail.com
quintere2006@yahoo.com

1
Mtodo de las juntas o nudos (PROBLEMA RESUELTO PAG. 246 ESTATICA BEDFORD)
El mtodo de las juntas implica dibujar diagramas de cuerpo libre de las juntas de una armadura, una
por una, y usar las ecuaciones de equilibrio para determinar las fuerzas axiales en las barras. Por lo
general, antes debemos dibujar un diagrama de toda la armadura (es decir, tratar la armadura como un
solo cuerpo) y calcular las reacciones en sus soportes. Por ejemplo, la armadura WARREN de la figura
6.6(a) tiene barras de 2 metros de longitud y soporta cargas en B y D. En la figura 6.6(b) dibujamos su
diagrama de cuerpo libre. De las ecuaciones de equilibrio.

400 N

D
B

C
E
A

2m 2m

Fig. 6. 6(a) Armadura WARREN soportando dos cargas

400 N 800 N

D
B

3m
C
A E 400 N
800 N
AX
1m TBD TBD
1m 1m 1m
AY 2m B D
2m EY
TBC TDC TDE
TAB

TAB
TBC TDE
A
TAC TAC C TEC TEC E
AY

Fig. 6. 6(b) Diagrama de cuerpo libre de la armadura

2
 MA = 0

- 400 (1) - 800 (1 +1+1) + EY (1+1+1+1) = 0 FX = 0 AX = 0

+
- 400 - 800 (3) + EY (4) = 0 FY = 0

- 400 - 2400 + 4 EY = 0 AY + EY 400 - 800 = 0

- 2800 + 4 EY = 0

4 EY = 2800
2800
EY = = 700 N
4
EY = 700 N

ME = 0

+ - AY (1+1+1+1) + 400 (1+1+1) + 800 (1) = 0

- AY (4) + 400 (3) + 800 = 0

- 4 AY + 1200 + 800 = 0
4 AY = 2000
2000
AY = = 500 N
4
AY = 500 N

NUDO A
El siguiente paso es elegir una junta y dibujar su diagrama de cuerpo libre. En la figura 6.7(a) aislamos
la junta A cortando las barras AB y AC. Los trminos TAB y TAC son las fuerzas axiales en las barras AB
y AC respectivamente. Aunque las direcciones de las flechas que representan las fuerzas axiales
desconocidas se pueden escoger arbitrariamente, observe que las hemos elegido de manera que una
barra estar a tensin, si obtenemos un valor positivo para la fuerza axial. Pensamos que escoger
consistentemente las direcciones de esta manera ayudara a evitar errores. 400 N

TAB B

2 3 TAB
A AY
TAB 1
TAC
TAC TAB
AY
C
A
TAC TAC

AY
Figura 6.7(a) Obtencin del diagrama de cuerpo libre de la junta A.

3
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para la junta A son:

TAB TAC A Y
= =
2 1 3 Hallar TAC

Hallar TAB TAB TAC

TAB A Y =
= 2 1
2 3
T
AY = 500 N TAC = AB
2
TAB = 577,35 Newton
TAB 500
= = 288,67 577,35
2 3 TAC = = 288,67 N
2
TAB = 2 (288,67 ) = 577,35 N TAC = 288,67 Newton (Tension)

TAB = 577,35 Newton(compresin)

NUDO B
Luego obtenemos un diagrama de la junta B cortando las barras AB, BC y BD (Fig. 6.8 a). De las
ecuaciones de equilibrio para la junta B.

400 N
400 N 800 N
400 N
TBD TBD
TBD B TBD
B D
0
60 600
TBC
TAB
TAB TBC TBC (Y)
TAB (Y)
TBC TAB TBC (X)

TAB
TAB (X)
TBC
A
TAC TAC C
AY

Figura 6.8(a) Obtencin del diagrama de cuerpo libre de la junta B.

TAB(Y )
sen 60 =
TAB Para abreviar los clculos
TAB (Y) = TAB sen 60 3 1
3 sen 60 = cos 60 =
TAB(Y ) = TAB

2 2
2

4
 3
TAB(Y ) = TAB

2 TAB(X )
TAB = 577,35 Newton cos 60 =
3 TAB
TAB(Y ) = (577,35) = 500 N TAB (X) = TAB cos 60

2 1
TAB (Y) = 500 N TAB(X ) = TAB
2
1
TBC(Y ) TAB(X ) = TAB
sen 60 = 2
TBC(X )
TBC cos 60 =
TBC (Y) = TBC sen 60 TBC TAB = 577,35 Newton
1
3
TBC(Y ) = TBC
TBC (X) = TBC cos 60 TAB(X ) = (577,35) = 288,67 N
1 2
2 TBC(X ) = TBC TAB (X) = 288,67 N
2
3
TBC(Y ) = TBC 1
TBC(X ) = TBC
2 2
3
TBC(Y ) = TBC

2
FY = 0 100 = TBC (Y)

- 400 + TAB (Y) - TBC (Y) = 0 3

100 = TBC

TAB (Y) = 500 N 2
2 200
- 400 + 500 - TBC (Y) = 0 TBC = 100 = = 115,47 N
3 3
100 - TBC (Y) = 0
TBC = 115,47 N (compresin)
100 = TBC (Y)

FX = 0 Se halla TBC (X)

1
- TBD + TAB (X) + TBC (X) = 0 TBC(X ) = TBC
2
TAB (X) = 288,67 N TBC = 115,47 N
1
TBC(X ) = (115,47 ) = 57,73 N
TBC (X) = 57,73 Newton 2
TBC (X) = 57,73 Newton
- TBD + 288,67 + 57,73 = 0

- TBD + 346,4 = 0

TBD = 346,4 Newton (compresin)

5
NUDO D
Luego obtenemos un diagrama de la junta D cortando las barras BD, DC y DE . De las ecuaciones de
equilibrio para la junta D.

800 N

800 N 800 N
TBD D
TBD TBD
D 600 600

TDC TDE
TDE TDE (Y)
TDE TDC (Y)
TDC

TDC TDC (X) TDE (X)

TDE
Para abreviar los clculos
C TEC TEC E 3 1
sen 60 = cos 60 =
EY 2 2
TDC(Y )
sen 60 = TDC(X )
TDC cos 60 =
TDC (Y) = TDC sen 60 TDC
3 TDC (X) = TDC cos 60
TDC(Y ) = TDC
1
2 TDC(X ) = TDC
2
3
TDC (Y ) = TDC
3
2 TDC(Y ) = TDC

2

TDE(Y )
sen 60 = TDE(X )
TDE cos 60 =
TDE (Y) = TDE sen 60 TDE
TDE (X) = TDE cos 60
3
TDE (Y ) = TDE
1
2 TDE (X ) = TDE
2
3
TDE(Y ) = TDE 1
TDE (X ) = TDE
2 2
FX = 0

TBD - TDE (X) + TDC (X) = 0

TBD = 346,4 Newton (compresin)

6
346,4 - TDE (X) + TDC (X) = 0

TDE (X) - TDC (X) = 346,4 ecuacin 1

Pero: FY = 0
1
TDE (X ) = TDE - 800 + TDE (Y) + TDC (Y) = 0
2
1 TDE (Y) + TDC (Y) = 800 ecuacin 2
TDC(X ) = TDC
2 Pero:
Reemplazando en la ecuacin 1
3
1 1 TDE(Y ) = TDE
TDE - TDC = 346,4 ecuacin 3 2
2 2
3
TDC(Y ) = TDC
2
Reemplazando en la ecuacin 2
3 3
TDE +
2 2 TDC = 800 ecuacin 4
resolver ecuacin 3 y ecuacin 4

1 1
TDE - TDC = 346,4 multiplicar por [ 3]
2 2
3 3
TDE +
2 2 TDC = 800

3
TDE
2
3
- TDC = 346,4
[ 3 ]= 600
2
3 3
TDE +
2 2 TDC = 800

3 3
TDE +
2 2 TDE = 600 + 800 = 1400

3
2 TDE = 1400

2

3 TDE = 1400

1400
TDE = = 808,29 N
3

7
TDE = 808,29 Newton (compresin)
Reemplazando en la ecuacin 4, se halla TDC
3 3
TDE +
2 2 TDC = 800 ecuacin 4

3 3
(808,29 ) +
2 2 TDC = 800

3
700 + TDC = 800

2
3

2 TDC = 800 - 700 = 100

2 200
TDC = 100 = = 115,47 N
3 3

TDC = 115,47 Newton (Tensin)

Problema 6.1 ESTATICA BEDFORD edic 4

Determine the axial forces in the members of the truss and indicate whether they are in tension (T) or
compression (C)

A A A
10 KN 10 KN 10 KN

2m 2m 2m

BX B BX B
C C C
B
BY BY
1m 1m CY 1m CY

MC = 0
FX = 0 FY = 0
+ BY (1) 10 (2) = 0
10 BX = 0 CY BY = 0
BY (1) = 10 (2)
BX = 10 KN CY = BY Pero: BY = 20 KN
BY = 20 KN
CY = 20 KN

8
NUDO B
FY = 0
FBA FX = 0
FBA BY = 0
B FBC BX = 0 FBA = BY
BX
FBC
FBC = BX pero: BY = 20 KN
BY
pero: BX = 10 KN FBA = 20 KN (tensin)

FBC = 10 KN (tensin)

NUDO A

A
10 KN 2 5

1
FBA FAC
FBA FAC

FBA 10 FAC
= = 10 KN
2 1 5

Hallamos FAC
10 FAC
=
1 5

( )
FAC = 10 5 = 22,36 KN

FAC = 22,36 KN (compresin)

9
Problema 6.2 ESTATICA BEDFORD edic 4
La armadura mostrada soporta una carga de 10 kN en C.
a) Dibuje el diagrama de cuerpo libre de toda la armadura y determine las reacciones en sus
soportes
b) Determine las fuerzas axiales en las barras. Indique si se encuentran a tensin (T) o a
compresin (C) .

BY

BX
B
FCB

FAB =0
3m

MB = 0 FAB =0 FCB
AX A
+ AX (3) - 10 (4) = 0
C
FCA FCA
AX (3) = 10 (4) 10 KN
4m

3 AX = 40
40 FY = 0
AX = = 13,33KN
3 BY - 10 = 0

AX = 13,33 KN BY = 10 KN

MA = 0

+ BX (3) - 10 (4) = 0

BX (3) = 10 (4)

3 BX = 40
40
BX = = 13,33KN
3

BX = 13,33 KN

10
NUDO C

FCB 5
3
10 KN FCB
4
C
FCA
FCA
10 KN

FCB FCA 10
= =
5 4 3
Hallar FCA
Hallar FCB FCA 10
=
4 3
FCB 10
=
5 3
FCA =
(4)10 = 13,33 KN
FCB =
(5)10 = 16,66 KN 3
3 FCA = 13,33 kN (compresin)
FCB = 16,66 kN (Tensin)

NUDO A AX = 13,33 KN
FY = 0 FAB = 0 FAB =0 BY = 10 KN
AX A
FX = 0 BX = 13,33 KN
FCA
AX - FCA = 0

AX = FCA
FCB = 16,66 kN (Tensin)
Pero: FCA = 13,33 kN
FCA = 13,33 kN (compresin)
AX = FCA =13,33 kN
FAB = 0

11
Problema 6.4 ESTATICA BEDFORD edic 5
The members of the truss are all of lenght L. Determine the axial forces in the members and indicate
whether they are in tension (T) or compression (C)

F
D
B
F
FBD FBD
B D
FBA
FBC FCD

C FBA C
FBC FCD
A A
AX = 0 FAC
FAC
L CY
AY
L
NUDO D
F F

F FBD FBD
FBD D B D
FBD
600 FDC

FCD
FDC (Y)
C
FDC A FDC
MC = 0 AX = 0
L
FDC (X) L/2
+ AY (L) F (L/2) = 0 AY CY

AY (L) = F (L/2)

AY = F

MA = 0

+ CY (L) F ( L + L/2) = 0

CY (L) - F ( 3/2 L) = 0
FDC(X ) Para abreviar los clculos
cos 60 =
CY (L) = F ( 3/2 L) FDC 3 1
FDC (X) = FDC cos 60
sen 60 = cos 60 =
CY = F ( 3/2) 2 2
1
FDC(X ) = FDC
CY = 3/2 F 2
FDC(Y )
sen 60 =
FDC

12
FDC (Y) = FDC sen 60
3
FDC(Y ) = FDC

2
3
FDC(Y ) = FDC

2

FY = 0

- F + FDC (Y) = 0

F = FDC (Y)

Pero:
FDC (Y) = FDC sen 60
F = FDC sen 60

DESPEJANDO FDC

FDC =
1
(F) = 1,154 F
sen 60
FDC = 1,154 F (Compresion) FX = 0 AX = 0

FX = 0 FY = 0

- FBD + FDC (X) = 0 AY + EY 400 - 800 = 0

FBD = FDC (X)

Pero:
FDC (X) = FDC cos 60

FBD = FDC cos 60

Pero: FDC = 1,154 F

F
FBD = (1,154 F) cos 60
FBD = 0,577 F (tensin) FBD FBD
B D
NUDO B FBA
FBD FBC
B FBA FBC

FBA
FBC
C
FBA FBD A
FBC
AX = 0
L
AY CY

13
 FBA(Y )
sen 60 =
TAB
FBA (Y) = TBA sen 60 FBA(X )
3 cos 60 = FBD
FBA(Y ) = FBA FBA
0
2 FBA (X) = FBA cos 60 60 600

3 1 FBC (Y)
FBA(Y ) = FBA FBA(X ) = FBA FBA (Y)
FBC
2
2 FBA FBC (X)
1
FBA(X ) = FBA
FBC(Y ) 2 FBA (X)
sen 60 =
FBC
FBC (Y) = TBC sen 60
3 FBC(x )
FBC(Y ) = FBC cos 60 =

2 FBC
3 FBC (X) = FBC cos 60
FBC(Y ) = FBC
1
2 FBC (X ) = FBC
FX = 0 2

FBD - FBC (X) - FBA (X) = 0

FBD - FBC(X ) - FBA (X ) = 0 Para abreviar los clculos

FBC(X ) + FBA (X ) = FBD

3 1
sen 60 = cos 60 =
2 2
PERO:
FBD = 0,577 F

FBC(X ) + FBA (X ) = 0,577 F

1 1
FBC + FBA = 0,577 F (ECUACIN 1)
2 2

FY = 0

FBC (Y) - FBA (Y) = 0

3 3
FBC
2 2 FBA = 0 (ECUACIN 2)

resolver ecuacin 1 y ecuacin 2

1 1
FBC + FBA = 0,577 F multiplicar por [ 3]
2 2

14
 3 3
FBC -
2 2 FBA = 0

3 3

FBC +

( ) (0,577 F)
2 FBA = 3
2
3 3
FBC -
2 2 FBA = 0

3
2 FBC = F

2

3 FBC = F
1
FBC = F
3
FBC = 0,577 F (compresin)

Reemplazando en la ecuacin 2
3 3
FBC
2 2 FBA = 0 (ECUACIN 2)

3 3
(0,577 F )
2 2 FBA = 0

3 3
(0,577 F ) =
2 FBA
2

Cancelando terminos semejantes F

(0,577 F) = FBA FBD FBD
B D
FBA = 0,577 F (tensin) L FBA
FBC FCD
NUDO A
FBA
FBA
FBC
C
A FCD
L
A FBA L/2 AY FAC FAC

AY L/2 CY
FAC L
AY
FAC

15
 FBA FAC
=
L L2

FBA 2 FAC
=
L L AY = F

Cancelando trminos semejantes CY = 3/2 F

FBA = 2 FAC
FDC = 1,154 F (Compresion)
Pero: FBA = 0,577 F
0,577 F = 2 FAC FBD = 0,577 F (tensin)
0,577
FAC = F FBC = 0,577 F (compresin)
2
FAC = 0,288 F (Compresin) FBA = 0,577 F (tensin)

Problema 6.13 bedford edic 4

La armadura recibe cargas en C y E. Si F = 3 KN, cuales son las fuerzas axiales BC y BE?

AY 1m 1m 1m
AX=0 FAB B FDB
A FAB D
FDB
FCA FEB FGD
FCB FDE

1m
FCA FEB FGD
FCB
FDE
FEC FEC G

C E FGE
FGE
GY
3 kN 6 kN

MG = 0

+ 6 (1) + 3 (1 +1) - AY (1+1+1) = 0

16
6 (1) + 3 (2) - AY (3) = 0

6 + 6 3 AY = 0

6 + 6 = 3 AY FX = 0 AX = 0
12 = 3 AY
12
AY = = 4 KN
3
AY = 4 KN

MA = 0

+ - 3 (1) - 6 (1 +1) + GY (1+1+1) = 0

- 3 - 6 (2) + GY (3) = 0

- 3 - 12 + 3 GY = 0

- 15 + 3 GY = 0

3 GY = 15
15
GY = = 5 KN AY 1m 1m 1m
3 AX B
A D

GY = 5 KN FGD

NUDO G
1m
FGD FGD

G
G
C E FGE
FGE FGE
FGE GY
GY 1 3 kN 6 kN
FGD
1
2 GY = 5 KN

Hallar FGE
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para la junta G son:
FGE 5
FGD FGE 5 =
= = 1 1
2 1 1
FGE = 5 KN (Tensin)
Hallar FGD
FGD
=5
2

17
FGD = 2 (5)

FGD = 7,071 KN (compresin)

NUDO D
D
AY 1m 1m 1m
FDB AX B
A D
FDB FDB
FGD
FDE FGD FDE

1m
FDB FGD
FDE
FGD 1 G
1 FDE C E FGE
2 FGE
GY
3 kN 6 kN
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para la junta D son:

FGD FDE FDB Hallar FDB

= =
2 1 1
5 = FDB
PERO: FGD = 7,071 KN
FDB = 5 KN (compresion)
7,071 F F
= DE = DB
2 1 1
5 = FDE = FDB

Hallar FDE 1m
AY 1m 1m
5 = FDE AX B FDB
A D

FDE = 5 KN (TENSION) FDB

FEB FGD
FDE

NUDO E FDE 1m
FEB FGD
FEB
FDE
FEC FEC G
FEC E FGE
C FGE
FGE GY
E
3 kN 6 kN

6 kN

18
 FEB(Y )
sen 45 = FEB(X )
FEB cos 45 =
FEB (Y) = FEB sen 45 FEB
FDE = 5 KN
2 FEB (X) = FEB cos 45 FEB(X)
FEB(Y ) = FEB
2
2 FEB(X ) = FEB
FEB
2 FEB(Y)
2
FEB(Y ) = FEB
2 450
2 FEB(X ) = FEB
FEC FGE = 5 KN
2
FY = 0
6 kN
FDE - 6 + FEB(Y) = 0

PERO: FDE = 5 kN

5 - 6 + FEB(Y) = 0

- 1 + FEB(Y) = 0

FEB(Y) = 1 KN
FEB(Y ) 1
FEB = = = 1,414 kN
sen45 sen 45

FEB = 1,414 KN (tension)

FEB (X) = FEB cos 45

FEB (X) = (1,414) cos 45

FEB (X) = 1 KN

FX = 0

FGE - FEC - FEB (X) = 0

PERO:
FGE = 5 kN
FEB (X) = 1 KN

FGE - FEC - FEB (X) = 0

5 - FEC - 1 = 0

4 - FEC = 0

FEC = 4 KN (tension)

19
NUDO C

AY 1m 1m 1m
FCB B
AX=0 A FDB D
FCA
FDB
FCA FEB FGD
FCB FDE
FEC
1m
C FCA FEB FGD
FCB
FDE
3 kN FEC FEC G

C E FGE
FCA(Y ) FGE
sen 45 = GY
FCA 3 kN 6 kN
FCA (Y) = FCA sen 45
2
FCA (Y ) = FCA

2
2
FCA (Y ) = FCA

2 FCA(X )
cos 45 = FCB
FCA FCA(X)
FX = 0
FCA (X) = FCA cos 45
FCA
FEC - FAC (X) = 0 2 FCA(Y)
FCA (X ) = FCA

2 450
FEC = FAC (X)
2 FEC = 4 KN
PERO: FCA (X ) = FCA

2
FEC = 4 kN 3 kN

FAC (X) = 4 kN

FCA (X) = FCA cos 45 FY = 0

FCA (X ) 4
FCA = = = 5,656kN - FCB - 3 + FCA(Y) = 0
cos 45 0,7071
FCA = 5,656 KN (tension) PERO:
FCA (Y) = 4 kN
2
FCA (Y ) = FCA - FCB - 3 + 4 = 0
2
- FCB + 1 = 0
2
FCA (Y ) = 5,656 = 4 KN
2 FCB = 1 KN (compresin)
FCA (Y) = 4 kN

20
 NUDO A AY 1m 1m 1m
AX=0 FAB B FDB
A FAB D
FDB
AY = 4 KN FCA FEB FGD
FCB FDE

AX=0 A FAB 1m
FCA FEB FGD
FCB
FDE
FEC FEC G
FCA

C E FGE
FGE
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para la junta A son: GY
3 kN 6 kN
FCA FAB A Y
= = FAB
2 1 1
1
FCA
PERO: AY = 4 KN AY = 4 KN
1
2
FAB A Y
=
1 1

FAB = 4 KN (compresin)

Problema 6.14 bedford edic 4

If you don't want the members of the truss to be subjected to an axial load (tension or compression)
greater than 20 kn, what is the largest acceptable magnitude of the downward force F?

A
12 m
12 m
F

B

4m

C 13 m
D
3m 5m
5
tg = = 0,4166 4m
12

= arc tg (0,4166)

= 22,610
3m

21
 4
tg = = 1,3333
3 + = 900
+ + = 900
= arc tg (1,3333) 0
= 90 -
pero:
= 53,120 0
= 90 - 53,12 0
= 36,870
= 22,610
= 36,870
+ + = 900
NUDO A
FAB(X) 36,87 + 22,61 + = 900
=36,870 = 900 - 36,87 - 22,61
F
FAB(Y) = 30,520
FAB
FAC(Y)
FAC

FAC(X)

FAB(Y )
sen 36,87 = FAB(X )
FAB cos 36,87 =
FAB (Y) = FAB sen 36,87 FAB
FAB (X) = FAB cos 36,87
FAB(Y ) = (0,6 ) FAB
FAB(X ) = (0,8) FAB
FAC(X )
sen = FAC(Y )
FAC cos 30,52 =
FAC(X ) FAC
sen 30,52 = FAC (Y) = FAC cos 30,52
FAC
FAC(Y ) = (0,8614 ) FAC
FAC (X) = FAC sen 30,52

FAC(X ) = (0,507 ) FAC

FX = 0

FAC(X) - FAB (X) = 0

0,507 FAC - 0,8 FAB = 0 ECUACION 1

FY = 0

FAC (Y) - F - FAB (Y) = 0

22
0,8614 FAC - F - 0,6 FAB = 0 ECUACION 2

NUDO C
FAC(X)
FCB FCB(X)
FAC

FAC(Y)
FCD FCB (Y) FCB
C FAC

= 53,120 FCD
FCB(Y )
sen 53,12 = FCB(X )
FCB cos 53,12 =
FCB FAC(X ) = (0,507 ) FAC
FCB (Y) = FCB sen 53,12
FCB (X) = FCB cos 53,12 FAC(Y ) = (0,8614 ) FAC
FCB(Y ) = (0,7998 ) FCB
FCB(X ) = (0,6 ) FCB

FX = 0

FCD - FAC(X) - FCB (X) = 0

FCD 0,507FAC - 0,6 FCB = 0 ECUACION 3

FY = 0

FCB (Y) - FAC (Y) = 0

0,7998 FCB - 0,8614 FAC = 0 ECUACION 4

NUDO D
DX
A
FCD
12 m
FX = 0 BY F
FAC
DX - FCD = 0 ECUACION 5 B
0,507 FAC - 0,8 FAB = 0 ECUACION 1 BX
FDB FCB
0,8614 FAC - F - 0,6 FAB = 0 ECUACION 2
4m
FCB FAC
FCD 0,507FAC - 0,6 FCB = 0 ECUACION 3
FDB
0,7998 FCB - 0,8614 FAC = 0 ECUACION 4
DX - FCD = 0 ECUACION 5 C
DX
D FCD FCD
DESPEJAMOS F en la ecuacin 2 3m
0,8614 FAC - F - 0,6 FAB = 0 ECUACION 2

0,8614 FAC - 0,6 FAB = F ECUACION 6

23
Resolver la ecuacin 1
0,507 FAC - 0,8 FAB = 0
0,507 FAC = 0,8 FAB

Despejando FAC
0,8
FAC = FAB = 1,577 FAB
0,507
FAC = 1,577 FAB

Reemplazar FAC en la ecuacin 6

0,8614 FAC - 0,6 FAB = F ECUACION 6

0,8614 (1,577 FAB ) - 0,6 FAB = F

1,3592 FAB - 0,6 FAB = F

0,7592 FAB = F

Despejando FAB
1
FAB = F = 1,317 F
0,7592
FAB = 1,317 F

Reemplazar FAB en la ecuacin 6

0,8614 FAC - 0,6 FAB = F ECUACION 6

0,8614 FAC - 0,6 (1,317 F) = F

0,8614 FAC - 0,79 F = F

0,8614 FAC = F + 0,79 F

0,8614 FAC = 1,79 F

1,79
FAC = F = 2,078 F
0,8614
FAC = 2,078 F

Reemplazar FAC en la ecuacin 4

0,7998 FCB - 0,8614 FAC = 0 ECUACION 4

0,7998 FCB - 0,8614 (2,078 F) = 0

0,7998 FCB - 1,79 F = 0

0,7998 FCB = 1,79 F

1,79 FAB = 1,317 F
FCB = F = 2,238 F FAC = 2,078 F
0,7998
FCB = 2,238 F
FCB = 2,238 F FCD = 2,395 F
FDB = 0
Reemplazar FAC y FCB en la ecuacin 3

24
FCD 0,507FAC - 0,6 FCB = 0 ECUACION 3

FCD 0,507 (2,078 F ) - 0,6 (2,238 F) = 0

FCD 1,053 F - 1,342 F = 0

FCD = 1,053 F + 1,342 F

FCD = 2,395 F

LA ESTRUCTURA MAS CRITICA ES FCD

2,395 F = 20
20
F= = 8,35 KN
2,395
F = 8,35 KN

Problema 6.1 beer edic 6

Por el mtodo de los nudos, halla la fuerza en todas las barras de la armadura representada indicar en
cada caso si es traccin o compresin.
A
A

1,92 N
4m 1,92 N

B
B C C
BY CY
3m 4,5 m

MB = 0 A la reaccin en B?

+ 1,92 ( 3) - CY (4,5) = 0 FY = 0

5,76 - CY (4,5 ) = 0 4m 1,92 N BY 1,92 - CY = 0

CY (4,5 ) = 5,76 BY 1,92 1,28 = 0

5,76 B C
CY = = 1,28 N BY = 3,2 Newton
4,5 BY CY
CY = 1,28 N 3m 4,5 m

25
Nudo B

FAB
FAB
B 5
4 B
BY = 3,2 N
FBC 3
BY BY

B FBC
FAB FBC 3,2
= =
5 3 4 Hallar FBC
FBC 3,2
=
Hallar FAB 3 4
FAB 3,2
= FBC =
(3) 3,2 = 9,6 = 2,4 N
5 4 4 4

FAB =
(5) 3,2 = 16 = 4 N FBc = 2,4 Newton (compresin)
4 4
FAB = 4 Newton(compresin)
FCA
FCA (Y)
Nudo C
C C
8,5 x
4 FCA (X)
8,5 CY
4 FCA
7,5
7,5
FBC
C
CY
4 FX = 0
sen =
7,5 8,5
cos = FBC FCA (X) = 0
8,5
FCA (X) = cos (FCA) FCA (Y) = sen (FCA)
7,5
FBC - FCA = 0
7,5 4 8,5
FCA (X ) = FCA FCA (Y ) = FCA
8,5 8,5
7,5
FBC = FCA
8,5
7,5
2,4 = FCA
8,5

FCA =
(2,4) 8,5 = 20,4 = 2,72 Newton
7,5 7,5
FCA = 2,72 Newton (traccin)

26
Problema 6.2 beer edic 6
Por el mtodo de los nudos, halla la fuerza en todas las barras de la armadura representada indicar en
cada caso si es traccin o compresin.

0,75 m AY 0,75 m
A
FAB
AX
0,4 m A tensin 0,4 m
FAC
FAB
B B
FCB
tensin
1,4 m 1,4 m
2,8 KN 2,8 KN

compresin

FAC
FCB FY= 0
C CX C
AY 2,8 = 0
MA = 0
AY = 2,8 KNewton
+ CX ( 1,4) - 2,8 (0,75) = 0

CX ( 1,4) = 2,8 (0,75)

1,4 CX = 2,1
2,1
CX = = 1,5 N
1,4
CX = 1,5 KNewton

MC = 0

+ - AX ( 1,4) - 2,8 (0,75) = 0

AY 0,75 m
- AX ( 1,4) = 2,8 (0,75)
AX
-1,4 AX = 2,1 A 0,4 m
2,1
AX = - = - 1,5 N
1,4 B
AX = - 1,5 KNewton (significa que la fuerza AX
esta direccionada hacia la izquierda) 1,4 m
2,8 N
MC = 0

+ AX ( 1,4) - 2,8 (0,75) = 0

AX ( 1,4) = 2,8 (0,75)

CX C
1,4 AX = 2,1
2,1
AX = = 1,5 N
1,4

27
AX = 1,5 KNewton

Nudo A
AY

AY
AX A
AX
A A 0,85
FAB 0,85 FAB (Y) 0,4 FAB
0,4
0,75
0,75
FAB FAB (X)
FAC
FAC
0,75
cos = AY
0,4
0,85 A sen =
FAB (X) = cos (FAB) AX FAB 0,85
FAC
0,75 FAB (Y) = sen (FAB)
FAB (X ) = FAB
0,85
0,4
FAB (Y ) = FAB
FX = 0 0,85

- AX + FAB (X) = 0
0,75
- AX + FAB = 0
0,85
0,75 FY= 0
AX = FAB AX
0,85
AY FAC FAB (Y) = 0
0,85 FAC 0,4
FAB = AX AY A Y - FAC FAB = 0
0,75 0,85

FAB =
0,85
(1,5) FAB 2,8 - FAC
0,4
(1,7 ) = 0
0,75 0,85
FAB = 1,7 KNewton (traccin) 2,8 0,8 = FAC
FAC = 2 KNewton (Traccin)
Nudo C
FAC 1 0,75
FCB sen = cos =
1,25 1,25 1,25 1
FCB FCB (Y)
0,75
FCB (Y) = sen (FCB) FCB (X) = sen (FCB)
CX

CX C
1 F 0,75 FCB (X)
FAC FCB (Y ) = FCB CB(X ) = FCB
FCB 1,25 1,25

28
 FX = 0 AY 0,75 m

CX - FCB (X) = 0 AX
A 0,4 m
CX = FCB (X)
B
0,75
CX = FCB
1,25 FAC 1,4 m 0,75
2,8 N
1,25 1m
FCB = CX FCB 1
0,75 C FAC
CX
CX = 1,5 KNewton
FCB =
1,25
(1,5) = 2,5 KN FCB
0,75
CX C
FCB = 2,5 KNewton (compresin)

Problema 6.3 beer edic 6

Por el mtodo de los nudos, halla la fuerza en todas las barras de la armadura representada indicar en
cada caso si es traccin o compresin.
945 lb
FX = 0 BX = 0

MB = 0 A

+ CY ( 12 + 3,75) - 945 (12) = 0

CY (15,75) - 945 (12) = 0 9 pies

CY (15,75) = 945 (12) B C

15,75 CY = 11340
945 lb 12 pies
11340 3,75 pies
CY = = 720 lb
15,75
CY = 720 lb A
FBA
FCA
MC = 0 945 lb

+ 945 (3,75) - BY ( 12+ 3,75) = 0

FCA
A
945 (3,75) = BY ( 15,75) BX B FBA
C
FBC FBC
3543,75 = 15,75 BY
BY CY 9 pies

3543,75 BX B C
BY = = 225 lb
15,75
BY = 225 lb. BY CY
12 pies
3,75 pies

29
 NUDO B

9 12
sen = cos = FBA
15 15
BY
FBA
FBA (X) = sen (FBA) FBA (Y) = sen (FBA)
BX B FBC BX
F 9 F 12 FBC
BA(X ) = FBA BA(Y ) = FBA
15 15 BY

FBA FBC B Y
= =
15 12 9 Hallar FBC
FBA FBC 225 FBC 225
= = =
15 12 9 12 9

Hallar FBA
FBC =
(12) 225 = 300 lb.
FBA 225 9
=
15 9
FBA =
(15) 225
= 375 lb.
FBC = 300 lb. (traccin)
9
FBA = 375 lb. (compresin)

Nudo C

FCA FCA (X)

FBC
3,75

9,75 FCA (Y)

C 9 FCA
FBC FCA CY
FCA C
CY FBC
CY

FCA FBC C Y CY = 720 lb

= =
9,75 3,75 9
FCA FBC BY = 225 lb.
=
9,75 3,75 FBA = 375 lb. (compresin)

Hallar FCA FBC = 300 lb. (traccin)

FCA =
(9,75)300 = 780 lb
3,75 FCA = 780 lb. (compresin)

FCA = 780 lb. (compresin)

30
Problema 6.4 beer edic 6
Por el mtodo de los nudos, halla la fuerza en todas las barras de la armadura representada indicar en
cada caso si es traccin o compresin.

10,8 Kips 10,8 Kips

22,5 pies 35 pies

A C
B
12 pies
D

FX = 0 AX = 0

MA = 0

+ D (22,5) - 10,8 (22,5) -10,8 (22,5 + 35) = 0 10,8 Kips 10,8 Kips

D (22,5) - 10,8 (22,5) -10,8 (57,5) = 0 A FAB B FBC FBC C

22,5 D - 243 - 621 = 0 FAD FAB
FBD
22,5 D = 864 AY

864
D= = 38,4 Kips
22,5 D
D = 38,4 Kips D

MC = 0
10,8 Kips 10,8 Kips

+ AY (22,5 + 35) + 10,8 (35) D (35) = 0 22,5 pies 35 pies

A C
AY (57,5) + 10,8 (35) (38,4) (35) = 0 AX B
AY 12 pies
57,5 AY + 378 1344 = 0 D

57,5 AY = 966 D
966
AY = = 16,8 Kips
57,5
AY = 16,8 Kips

Nudo A
A A FAB
FAB 25,5
25,5 FAD(Y)
12 FAD 12
AY AY FAD FAD
FAD 22,5 22,5
AY

FAB FAD(X)

31
 FAD FAB A Y
= = Hallar FAD
25,5 22,5 12
FAD 16,8
=
AY = 16,8 Kips 25,5 12
FAD FAB 16,8
= = FAD =
(25,5)16,8
= 35,7 Kips
25,5 22,5 12 12

Hallar FAB FAD = 35,7 Kips (compresin)

FAB 16,8
=
22,5 12

FAB =
(22,5)16,8 = 31,5 Kips
12

FAB = 35,7 Kips (tensin)

Nudo B
10,8 Kips FAB 10,8 Kips

FAB B FBC
B FBC
10,8 Kips FBD
FAB
FBD
FBC

FBD
FX = 0 FY = 0

FBC FAB = 0 FBD 10,8 = 0

FAB = 35,7 Kips FBD = 10,8 Kips (compresin)

FBC = FAB

FBC = 35,7 Kips (tensin)

Nudo C
10,8 Kips 10,8 Kips

37
FBC C FCD 12 FBC C
10,8 Kips
35
FCD
FBC
FCD

FCD FBC 10,8

= =
37 35 12

32
 AX = 0 D = 38,4 Kips

AY = 16,8 Kips
Hallar FCD FAB = 35,7 Kips (tensin)
FCD 10,8
=
37 12 FAD = 35,7 Kips (compresin)
FCD =
(37 )10,8
= 33,3 Kips
12 FBC = 35,7 Kips (tensin)
FCD = 33,3 Kips (compresin)
FBD = 10,8 Kips (compresin)

FCD = 33,3 Kips (compresin)

Problema 6.1 Esttica Hibbeler edic 10

Determine la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura y establezca si los miembros estn en tensin o
en compresin. Considere P1 = 800 lb. y P2 = 400 lb.
AY
6 pies 8 pies
A C
TCA
AX TCA
TBC
TBA CY

tensin 8 pies
tensin

TBA TBC

P2 = 400 lb B

P1 = 800 lb
MA = 0

+ - 400 (8) - 800 (6) + CY (6 + 8) = 0

- 400 (8) - 800 (6) + CY (14) = 0

- 3200 - 4800 + CY (14) = 0 FX = 0

- 8000 + CY (14) = 0 AX 400 = 0

CY (14) = 8000 AX = 400 lb.

8000
CY = = 571,42 lb
14
CY = 571,42 lb

33
 MC = 0

+ - AY (6 + 8) - 400 (8) + 800 (8) = 0

- AY (14) - 400 (8) + 800 (8) = 0

- 14 AY - 3200 = 0

14 AY = 3200

3200
AY = = 228,57 lb
14
AY = 228,57 lb

NUDO B
TBC TBA (X) TBC
TBC
TBA 10 8 2
TBA 8 8
TBA (Y) T TBC (Y)
6 BA 8
P2 = 400 lb B
P2 = 400 lb P2 = 400 lb TBC (X)

P1 = 800 lb
P1 = 800 lb P1 = 800 lb

8 4 8 2
sen = = sen = =
10 5 8 2 2

6 3
cos = = cos =
8
=
2
10 5 8 2 2
TBC(Y )
TBA(Y ) sen = TBC(Y )= sen (TBC )
TBA(Y )= sen (TBA )
TBC
sen =
TBA 2
TBC(Y )= (TBC )
4
TBA(Y )= (TBA ) 2
5 TBC(X )
cos = TBC(X )= cos (TBC )
TBA(X ) TBC
cos = TBA(X )= cos (TBA )
TBA
2
3 TBC(X )= (TBC )
TBA(X )= (TBA ) 2

5

34
 FX = 0

- 400 + TBC (X) - TBA (X) = 0

TBC (X) - TBA (X) = 400

2
(TBC ) - 3 TBA = 400 (Ecuacin 1)
2 5

FY = 0

- 800 + TBC (Y) + TBA (Y) = 0

TBC (Y) + TBA (Y) = 800

2
(TBC ) + 4 TBA = 800 (Ecuacin 2)
2 5

resolver ecuacin 1 y ecuacin 2

2 Reemplazando en la ecuacin 1
(TBC ) - 3 TBA = 400 ( -1)
2
2 5
(TBC ) - 3 TBA = 400 (Ecuacin 1)
2 2 5
(TBC ) + 4 TBA = 800
2
2 5
(TBC ) - 3 (285,71) = 400
2 5
2
- (TBC ) + 3 TBA = - 400 2
2 5 (TBC ) - 171,42 = 400
2 2
(TBC ) + 4 TBA = 800 2
2 5 (TBC ) = 571,42
2
7
TBA = 400
5 2
TBC = 571,42
TBA =
(400)5 2
7
TBA = 285,71 lb. (Tensin) TBC = 808,12 lb. (Tensin)

NUDO C
TCA C TBC
8 2
8 CY
CY 8
TBC
TCA

35
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para el nudo C son:

TCA TBC C Y
= =
8 8 2 8

Hallar TCA
TCA TBC
=
8 8 2
Pero:
TBC = 808,12 lb.

TCA 808,12
=
8 8 2

808,12
TCA = = 571,42 lb
2
TCA = 571,42 lb (Compresin)

Problema 6.2 Esttica Hibbeler edic 10

Determine la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura y establezca si los miembros estn en tensin o
en compresin. Considere P1 = 500 lb. y P2 = 100 lb.
AY
6 pies 8 pies
A C
TCA
AX TCA
TBC
TBA CY

tensin 8 pies
tensin

TBA TBC

P2 = 100 lb B

MA = 0 P1 = 500 lb

+ - 100 (8) - 500 (6) + CY (6 + 8) = 0

FX = 0
- 100 (8) - 500 (6) + CY (14) = 0
AX 400 = 0
- 800 - 3000 + CY (14) = 0
AX = 400 lb.
- 3800 + CY (14) = 0

CY (14) = 3800

36
 3800
CY = = 271,42 lb
14
CY = 271,42 lb

MC = 0

+ - AY (6 + 8) - 100 (8) + 500 (8) = 0

- AY (14) - 100 (8) + 500 (8) = 0

- AY (14) - 800 + 4000 = 0

- 14 AY + 3200 = 0

14 AY = 3200

3200
AY = = 228,57 lb
14
AY = 228,57 lb

NUDO B
TBC TBA (X) TBC
TBC
TBA 10 8 2
TBA 8 8
TBA (Y) T TBC (Y)
6 BA 8
P2 = 100 lb B
P2 = 100 lb P2 = 400
100 lb TBC (X)

P1 = 500 lb
P1 = 500 lb P1 = 800
500 lb

8 4
sen = = 8 2
10 5 sen = =
8 2 2
6 3
cos = =
10 5 8 2
cos = =
8 2 2
TBA(Y )
sen = TBA(Y )= sen (TBA )
TBA
4
TBA(Y )= (TBA )
5

TBA(X )
cos = TBA(X )= cos (TBA )
TBA

37
 3
TBA(X )= (TBA )
5

FX = 0 TBC(Y )
sen = TBC(Y )= sen (TBC )
- 100 + TBC (X) - TBA (X) = 0
TBC

TBC (X) - TBA (X) = 100 2

TBC(Y )= (TBC )

2 2
(TBC ) - 3 TBA = 100 (Ecuacin 1)
2 5 TBC(X )
cos = TBC(X )= cos (TBC )
FY = 0 TBC

- 500 + TBC (Y) + TBA (Y) = 0

2
TBC(X )= (TBC )
TBC (Y) + TBA (Y) = 500
2

2
(TBC ) + 4 TBA = 500 (Ecuacin 2)
2 5

resolver ecuacin 1 y ecuacin 2

2
(TBC ) - 3 TBA = 100 ( -1)
2 5 Reemplazando en la ecuacin 1
2
(TBC ) + 4 TBA = 500 2
(TBC ) - 3 TBA = 100 (Ecuacin 1)
2 5 2 5
2
2 (TBC ) - 3 (285,71) = 100
- (TBC ) + 3 TBA = - 100 2 5
2 5
2
(TBC ) + 4 TBA = 500 2
(TBC ) - 171,42 = 100
2 5 2
2
7 (TBC ) = 271,42
TBA = 400 2
5
TBA =
(400)5 2
TBC = 271,42
7 2
TBA = 285,71 lb. (Tensin)
TBC = 383,84 lb. (Tensin)

38
NUDO C
TBC
TCA C 8 2
8 CY
8

TBC CY
TCA

Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para el nudo C son:

TCA TBC C Y
= =
8 8 2 8
Hallar TCA TBA = 285,71 lb. (Tensin)
TCA TBC
= TBC = 383,84 lb. (Tensin)
8 8 2
Pero: TCA = 271,42 lb (Compresin)
TBC = 383,84 lb.
TCA 383,84
=
8 8 2

383,84
TCA = = 271,42 lb
2
TCA = 271,42 lb (Compresin)

Problema 6.3 Esttica Hibbeler edic 10

La armadura, usada para soportar un balcn, esta sometida a la carga mostrada. Aproxime cada nudo
como un pasador y determine la fuerza en cada miembro. Establezca si los miembros estn en tensin o
en compresin. Considere P1 = 600 lb P2 = 400 lb.

P1 = 600 lb P2 = 400 lb

B FBC
A FAB FBC C CY
FAB CX
FAD
FBD FDC

4 pies
FBD

FDC E
FAD EX

D FED FED
EY = 0
4 pies 4 pies
MC = 0

+ P1 (4 + 4) + P2 (4) EX (4) = 0

39
600 (4 + 4) + 400 (4) EX (4) = 0
P1 = 600 lb P2 = 400 lb
600 (8) + 400 (4) 4 EX = 0

B FBC
4800 + 1600 4 EX = 0 A FAB FBC C CY
FAB CX
6400 4 EX = 0 FAD
FBD FDC
4 EX = 6400
4 pies
FBD
6400
EX = = 1600 lb
4 FDC E
FAD EX
EX = 1600 lb
D FED FED
EY = 0
4 pies 4 pies
NUDO A

Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para el nudo A son: P1 = 600 lb

FAB

FAB FAD 600 FAB 4

= = A
4
4 4 2 4 P1 = 600 lb
4 2
FAD
FAD
Cancelar trminos semejantes
F Hallar FAD
FAB = AD = 600
2 FAD
= 600
2
Hallar FAB
FAB = 600 lb
FAD = ( 2 ) 600 = 848,52 lb
FAB = 600 lb (Tension)
FAD = 848,52 lb (compresin)

NUDO E
P1 = 600 lb P2 = 400 lb
E
EX
B FBC
FED
A FAB FBC C CY
EY = 0
FAB CX
FAD
FBD FDC
FX = 0
FED - EX = 0 4 pies
FBD

FED = EX FDC E
FAD EX

PERO: EX = 1600 lb D FED FED

EY = 0
4 pies 4 pies
FED = 1600 lb (compresin)

FY = 0

40
EY = 0

NUDO B P1 = 600 lb P2 = 400 lb

P2 = 400 lb
FAB B FBC
A FAB FBC C CY
B FBC
FAB CX
P2 = 400 lb FBD FAD
FAB FBD FDC
FBD
FBC 4 pies
FBD
FX = 0
FBC - FAB = 0 FDC E
FAD EX

FBC = FAB D FED FED

EY = 0
4 pies 4 pies
PERO: FAB = 600 lb (Tensin)

FBC = 600 lb (Tensin)

FY = 0

FBD - 400 = 0

FBD = 400 lb (compresin)

FY = 0
FX = 0
CY - 600 - 400 = 0
CX - EX = 0
CY - 1000 = 0
CX = EX
CY = 1000 lb.
PERO: EX = 1600 lb
P1 = 600 lb P2 = 400 lb

CX = 1600 lb
B FBC
A FAB FBC C CY
FAB CX
FAD
NUDO C FBD FDC
FBC
4 pies
FBC CY FBD
C FDC
CX
FDC (Y) CY
FDC E
FAD EX
FDC
CX D FED FED
EY = 0
4 pies 4 pies
FY = 0

CY FDC(Y) = 0

41
CY = FDC(Y)

PERO: CY = 1000 lb.

FDC(Y) = 1000 lb
FDC
4 1
sen = = = 0,7071 4 2 4
4 2 2 FDC (Y)
4

FDC(Y )
sen = FDC (X)
FDC

FDC(Y )
FDC =
sen

1000
FDC = = 1414,22 lb
0,7071
FBD = 400 lb (compresin)
FDC = 1414,22 lb (tensin)
FBC = 600 lb (Tensin)
EX = 1600 lb
FAB = 600 lb (Tensin)
EY = 0
FED = 1600 lb (compresin)
CX = 1600 lb
FAD = 848,52 lb (compresin)
CY = 1000 lb.
FDC = 1414,22 lb (tensin)

42
Problema 6.4 Esttica Hibbeler edic 10
La armadura, usada para soportar un balcn, esta sometida a la carga mostrada. Aproxime cada nudo
como un pasador y determine la fuerza en cada miembro. Establezca si los miembros estn en tensin o
en compresin. Considere P1 = 800 lb P2 = 0 lb.

FUERZA CERO
P1 = 800 lb

A FAB B FBC FBC C CY

FAB CX
FAD
FBD = 0 FDC

4 pies
FBD = 0

FDC E
FAD EX

D FED FED
EY = 0
4 pies 4 pies
MC = 0

+ P1 (4 + 4) EX (4) = 0

800 (4 + 4) EX (4) = 0

800 (8) 4 EX = 0

6400 4 EX = 0

4 EX = 6400

6400 P1 = 800 lb
EX = = 1600 lb
4
EX = 1600 lb A FAB B FBC FBC C CY
FAB CX
NUDO A FAD
FAB FBD = 0 FDC
P1 = 800 lb
4 4 pies FBD = 0
4 P1 = 800 lb
A FAB 4 2
FAD FDC E
FAD EX
FAD
D FED FED
EY = 0
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para el nudo A son: 4 pies 4 pies

FAB FAD 800

= =
4 4 2 4

Cancelar trminos semejantes

43
 F
FAB = AD = 800
2 Hallar FAD
FAD
= 800
Hallar FAB 2
FAB = 800 lb
( )
FAD = 2 800 = 1131,37 lb
FAB = 800 lb (Tensin)
FAD = 1131,37 lb (compresin)

NUDO E P1 = 800 lb

FX = 0 B FBC
E A FAB FBC C CY
FED - EX = 0 EX
FAB CX
FED FAD
FED = EX EY = 0 FBD = 0 FDC

PERO: EX = 1600 lb 4 pies

FBD = 0

FED = 1600 lb (compresin) FDC E

FAD EX
FY = 0 D FED FED
EY = 0 EY = 0
4 pies 4 pies

NUDO B
FUERZA CERO
Si tres miembros forman un nudo de armadura en el cual dos de los miembros son colineales, el tercer
miembro es un miembro de fuerza cero siempre que ninguna fuerza exterior o reaccin de soporte este
aplicada al nudo.
FUERZA CERO
B FBC P1 = 800 lb
FX = 0
FBC - FAB = 0 FAB
B FBC
FBD
A FAB FBC C CY
FBC = FAB FAB CX
FAD
FBD = 0 FDC
Pero:
FAB = 800 lb (Tensin) 4 pies
FBD = 0

FBC = 800 lb (Tensin)

FDC E
FAD EX
FY = 0
D FED FED
EY = 0
FBD = 0 4 pies 4 pies

44
 FY = 0
FX = 0 CX - EX = 0
CY - 800 = 0
CX = EX
CY = 800 lb.
PERO: EX = 1600 lb
FDC

CX = 1600 lb 4 2 4
FBC FDC (Y)
4
NUDO C
FDC
FDC (Y) CY FDC (X)
FY = 0
FBC C CY
CY FDC(Y) = 0 CX CX
FDC
CY = FDC(Y) P1 = 800 lb

B FBC
PERO: CY = 800 lb. A FAB FBC C CY
FAB CX
FDC(Y) = 800 lb FAD
FBD = 0 FDC

4 1
sen = = = 0,7071 4 pies
FBD = 0
4 2 2
FDC(Y ) FDC E
sen = FAD EX
FDC
D FED FED
EY = 0
4 pies
FDC(Y ) 4 pies
FDC =
sen FBD = 0 lb

800 FBC = 800 lb (Tensin)

FDC = = 1131,38 lb
0,7071
FAB = 800 lb (Tensin)
FDC = 1131,38 lb (tensin)
FED = 1600 lb (compresin)

EX = 1600 lb EY = 0 FAD = 1131,37 lb (compresin)

CX = 1600 lb FDC = 1131,38 lb (tensin)

CY = 800 lb.

45
Problema c-34 esttica Hibbeler edic 10
Determine la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura. Establezca si los miembros estn en tensin o en
compresin.
BY

B BX
FUERZA CERO FCB
FAB
FCB
C 3 pies
FDC FCA

FCA FAB
FDC

D
FDA FDA A AX
2 pies 2 pies
300 lb

NUDO D FDC
300 lb
FDC
5
3
FDC 300 FDA D
= = FDA 4
5 3 4
FDA
300 lb
FDC F
= 100 = DA
5 4
Hallar FDA
FDA Hallar FCD
= 100 FDC
4 = 100
5
FDA = (4) 100 = 400 lb (compresin) FDC = (5) 100 = 500 lb (Tensin)

FUERZA CERO
Si tres miembros forman un nudo de armadura en el cual dos de los miembros son colineales, el tercer
miembro es un miembro de fuerza cero siempre que ninguna fuerza exterior o reaccin de soporte este
aplicada al nudo.
FUERZA CERO
FCA = 0
FCB
FDC = FCB
C
Pero: FDC = 500 lb FDC FCA = 0

FCB = 500 lb (Tensin)

46
NUDO A
BY

FCA = 0 FCA = 0 BX
FAB = 0 FAB = 0 B
FCB

FDA A AX FDA AX FCB

C 3 pies
FX = 0 FDC
FCA = 0
FDA - AX = 0 FAB = 0 FDC

FY = 0 D
FCB = 500 lb (Tensin) FDA FDA A AX
2 pies 2 pies
FAB = 0 FDA = (4) 100 = 400 lb
300 lb
(compresin)

FDC = (5) 100 = 500 lb

(Tensin)

Problema C-35 esttica Hibbeler edic 10

Determine la fuerza en los miembros AE y DC. Establezca si los miembros estn en tensin o en
compresin. E
D
F

FAB =0 FAE FCD

3 pies
FAF = 0
FCD
A FAE FCB = 0
C
AX = 0 FAB FAB B FCB = 0
4 pies 4 pies CY
AY
800 lb

FY = 0

AY 800 + CY = 0

Pero: CY = 400 lb

AY 800 + 400 = 0

AY 400 = 0
MA = 0
AY = 400 lb

+ - 800 (4 ) + CY (4 + 4) = 0

47
- 3200 + CY (8) = 0

CY (8) = 3200
3200
CY = = 400 lb
8
CY = 400 lb
FCD
FCB = 0
FX = 0 C

AX = 0 CY
E
NUDO C D
F
FY = 0
FAB =0 FAE FCD
CY FCD = 0

Pero: CY = 400 lb 3 pies

FAF = 0
CY = FCD FCD
A FAE FCB = 0
FCD = 400 lb (compresin) A = 0 C
X FAB FAB B FCB = 0

4 pies 4 pies CY
FX = 0 AY
800 lb
FCB = 0

FAE
NUDO A
FAF = 0 5
3 AY

4
FAE
A FAB
E
AX = 0 FAB D
F
AY
FAB =0 FAE FCD
FAE A Y FAB
= =
5 3 4 3 pies
FAF = 0
Pero: AY = 400 lb
FCD
A FAE FCB = 0
FAE 400 FAB C
= = AX = 0 FAB FAB B FCB = 0
5 3 4 CY
AY 4 pies 4 pies
800 lb

48
Hallar FAE
FAE 400 Hallar FCD
=
5 3 FAB 400
=
4 3
400(5)
F AE =
3 FAB = 533,33 lb (Tensin)

FAE = 666,66 lb (compresin)

Problema 6.8 esttica Hibbeler edic 10

Determine la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura y establezca si los miembros estn a tensin o en
compresin. Considere P1 = 2 KN y P2 = 1,5 kN.

AY
A
AX FBA

FBA
B
Y = 3,464
FBE FCB

FDB
FBE FCB
FDB YF1DB= 1,732
EX E 300 C
ME = 0
FDE FDE D FCD FCD
- 2 (3) 1,5 (3 + 3) + AX (3,464) = 0 CY
+ 3m 3m
2 KN 1,5 KN
- 6 1,5 (6) + 3,464 AX = 0

- 6 9 + 3,464 AX = 0

- 15 + 3,464 AX = 0

3,464 AX = 15 Y
tg 30 =
6
15 Y = 6 tg 30 = 6 (0,5773) = 3,464 m
AX = = 4,33 kN
3,464
Y
AX = 500 N tg 30 = 1
3
Y1 = 3 tg 30 = 3 (0,5773) = 1,732 m

49
 NUDO C
AY
FCB
A
300 C
AX
FCD

1,5 KN
B
FCB
FCB
1,5 KN FDB
3,464
Y1 = 1,732 FDB
FCB
EX E 300
3m C
FCD FDE FDE D FCD FCD
CY
2 KN 1,5 KN

Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para la junta C son:

FCB 1,5 F Hallar FCD

= = CD
3,464 1,732 3
1,5 F
= CD
Hallar FCB 1,732 3
FCB 1,5
=
3,464 1,732 1,5 (3)
FCD = = 2,598 kN
1,732
1,5 (3,464 ) FCD = 2,598 kN (compresin)
FCB = = 3 kN AY
1,732
A
FCB = 3 kN (tensin) AX

NUDO D FDB
FDE B
FDB FCB
2 KN
FDE FDB
D FCD FCD
FCB
FDB
2 KN EX E 30 0
C
FDE FDE D FCD FCD
FY = 0 CY
FX = 0 2 KN 1,5 KN
FDB - 2 = 0
FDE - FCD = 0
FDB = 2 kN (tensin)
FDE = FCD

50
Pero: FCD = 2,598 kN (compresin)

FDE = 2,598 kN (compresin)

NUDO B
AY
FBA A
B
AX FBA
FCB
FBE
FBA
B
FDB
FBE FCB

FDB
FBA(X) FBE
FCB
FDB
EX E 0
30 C
FBA(Y) FBA FDE FDE D FCD FCD
CY
300 2 KN 1,5 KN
0
300 30
FBE(Y) FCB FCB(Y) Para abreviar los clculos
FBE
3 1
FBE(X) sen 30 = sen 60 =
FCB(X) 2 2
FDB
FBA(Y )
sen 30 =
FBA FBA(X )
FBA (Y) = FBA sen 30
cos 30 = FCB(X )
FBA cos 30 =
1
FBA(Y ) = FBA FBA (X) = FBA cos 30 FCB
2 3 FCB (X) = FCB cos 30
FBA(X ) = FBA
3
FBE(Y ) 2 FCB(X ) = FCB
sen 30 =
2
FBE FBE(X )
FBE (Y) = FBE sen 30 cos 30 =
FBE
1
FBE(Y ) = FBE FBE (X) = FBE cos 30
2
3
FBE(X ) = FBE

FCB(Y ) 2
sen 30 =
FCB
FCB (Y) = FCB sen 30
1
FCB(Y ) = FCB
2

51
 FY = 0

FBA (Y) + FBE (Y) - FCB (Y) - FDB = 0

1 1 1
FBA + FBE - FCB - FDB = 0
2 2 2

Pero:
FDB = 2 kN (tensin)

FCB = 3 kN (tensin)

1 1 1
FBA + FBE - (3) - 2 = 0
2 2 2
1 1 1
FBA + FBE = (3) + 2
2 2 2
1 1
FBA + FBE = 1,5 + 2 = 3,5
2 2

0,5 FBA + 0,5 FBE = 3,5 dividiendo por 0,5 (para simplificar)

FBA + FBE = 7 (Ecuacin 1)

FX = 0

- FBA (X) + FBE (X) + FCB (X) = 0

3 3 3
- FBA + FBE +
2 2 FCB = 0
2

- FBA + FBE + FCB = 0

Pero:
FCB = 3 kN (tensin)

- FBA + FBE + 3 = 0

- FBA + FBE = - 3 (- 1)

FBA - FBE = 3 (Ecuacin 2)

Resolver la ecuacin 1 y 2

FBA + FBE = 7 (Ecuacin 1)

FBA - FBE = 3 (Ecuacin 2)

52
2 FBA = 10
10
FBA = = 5 kN
2
FBA = 5 kN (tensin)
AX = 500 N FCB = 3 kN (tensin)
Reemplazando en la ecuacin 1
FCD = 2,598 kN (compresin)
FBA + FBE = 7 (Ecuacin 1)
FDE = 2,598 kN (compresin)
Pero: FBA = 5 kN (tensin)
FDB = 2 kN (tensin)
5 + FBE = 7
FBA = 5 kN (tensin)
FBE = 7 - 5
FBE = 2 kN (compresin)
FBE = 2 kN (compresin)

PROBLEMA RESUELTO ESTATICA MERIAM Edic 3.

Calcular, por el mtodo de los nudos, la fuerza en los miembros del entramado en voladizo

B
5m D

FBD FBD

FBC
5m FAB 5m

FAB FBC FCD

A FAC FAC C FCE

E
5m 5m TX

T TY
30 kN 20 kN
5m D 300
B
600 5m
600
600

EX
A
C E

5m 5m EY

30 kN 20 kN

53
 ME = 0

+ - T (5) + 30 (5 + 5) + 20 (5) = 0

- 5 T + 30 (10) + 20 (5) = 0

- 5 T + 300 + 100 = 0

- 5 T + 400 = 0

5 T = 400

400
T= = 80 N
5

T = 80 N

T T
cos 30 = X sen 30 = Y
T T
TX = T cos 30 TY = T sen 30

Pero: T = 80 N Pero: T = 80 N

TX = 80 (0,866) TY = 80 (0,5)

TX = 69,28 N TY = 40 N

FY = 0 FX = 0

TY + EY - 30 - 20 = 0 TX - EX = 0

TY + EY - 50 = 0 Pero: TX = 69,28 N

Pero: TY = 40 N TX = EX

40 + EY - 50 = 0 EX = 69,28 N

EY - 10 = 0

EY = 10 KN

54
A continuacin, dibujamos los diagramas de slido libre que muestren las fuerzas actuantes en cada
nudo. La exactitud de los sentidos asignados a las fuerzas se comprueba al considerar cada nudo en el
orden asignado. No debe haber dudas acerca de la exactitud del sentido asignado a las fuerzas
actuantes en el nudo A. El equilibrio exige

NUDO A
FAB
FAB 30 FAC
= = FAB
5 4,33 2,5 30 kN

A FAC 5 Se halla FAC

Hallar FAB 4,33

30 FAC
2,5 =
FAB 30 FAC 4,33 2,5
= 30 kN (30) 2,5 = 17,32 KN
5 4,33 FAC =
4,33
FAB =
(30) 5 = 34,64 KN
4,33 FAC = 17,32 kN (compresion)
FAB = 34,64 kN (tensin)
FBD
NUDO B
B
FBC
FBD
FBC (Y)
FAB (Y)
FBC FAB
FAB

600 600

FBC (X) FAB (X)

FBC(Y ) Para abreviar los clculos

sen 60 =
FBC 3 1
sen 60 = cos 60 =
FBC(Y) = FBC sen 60 2 2 FBC(X )
3 cos 60 =
FBC(Y ) = FBC
FBC
2
3 FAB(X ) FBC(X) = FBC cos 60
FBC(Y ) = FBC cos 60 =
2 FAB
1
FAB(X) = FAB cos 60 FBC(x ) = FBC
1 2
FAB(Y ) FAB(x ) = FAB
sen 60 = 2 1
FAB FBC(x ) = FBC
1 2
FAB(Y) = FAB sen 60 FAB(x ) = FAB
2

55
 3
FAB(Y ) = FAB

2
3
FAB(Y ) = FAB
2

FY = 0

FBC(Y) - FAB(Y) = 0

FBC(Y) = FAB(Y)

3 3
FBC =
2 2 FAB

FBC = FAB

PERO: FAB = 34,64 kN

FBC = 34,64 kN (compresin)

1
FAB(x ) = FAB
2
PERO: FAB = 34,64 kN
1
FAB(x ) = (34,64) = 17,32 KN 3
2 FBC(x ) = FBC

FAB(x) = 17,32 KN 2
PERO: FBC = 34,64 kN
1
FX = 0 FBC(x ) = (34,64) = 17,32 KN
2
- FAB(x) - FBC(x) + FBD = 0 FBC(x) = 17,32 KN

PERO:
FAB(x) = 17,32 KN
FBC(x) = 17,32 KN

- FAB(x) - FBC(x) + FBD = 0

-17,32 17,32 + FBD = 0

- 34,64 + FBD = 0

FBD = 34,64 KN (tensin)

56
NUDO C

FCD B T
FBC 5m D

FBD FBD
FAC FCE
C
FBC
5m FAB FCD FED 5m

20 kN FAB FBC FCD FED

EX

A FAC FAC C FCE FCE E

5m 5m EY
PERO:
30 kN 20 kN
FAC = 17,32 kN (compresion)
FBC = 34,64 kN (compresin)
FBC(x) = 17,32 KN
FBC (X) FCD (X)

3
FBC(Y ) = FBC
FBC
2 FCD
FBC (Y)
3
FBC(Y ) = (34,64) = 30 KN FCD(Y)

2
FBC(Y) = 30 KN 600
600
FAC FCE
FCD(X )
cos 60 = FCD(Y )
FCD sen 60 =
FCD
FCD(X) = FCD cos 60
FCD(Y) = FCD sen 60 20 kN

1
FCD(x ) = FCD 3
2 FCD(Y ) = FCD

2
3
FX = 0 FCD(Y ) = FCD

2
FCD(x) + FBC(x) + FAC FCE = 0

PERO:
FAC = 17,32 kN (compresin)
FBC(x) = 17,32 KN

FCD(x) + 17,32 + 17,32 FCE = 0

57
 FCD(x) + 34,64 FCE = 0
1
FCD - FCE = - 34,64 (Ecuacin 1) FY = 0
2
3 - FBC(Y) + FCD(Y) 20 = 0
FCD(Y ) = FCD

2
PERO:
2 FBC(Y) = 30 KN
FCD = FCD(Y )
3
PERO: FCD(Y) = 50 KN - 30 + FCD(Y) 20 = 0
2
FCD = 50 = 57,73 KN - 50 + FCD(Y) = 0
3
FCD = 57,73 kN (Tensin) FCD(Y) = 50 KN

Reemplazar en la ecuacin 1
1
FCD - FCE = - 34,64 (Ecuacin 1)
2
1
57,73 - FCE = - 34,64
2

28,86 FCE = - 34,64

FCE = - 34,64 - 28,86

FCE = - 63,5 (-1)

FCE = 63,5 KN (compresin)

NUDO E
B T
FED 5m D

EX FBD FBD

FCE E FBC
5m FAB FCD FED 5m
EY

FAB FBC FCD FED

FY = 0
EX

EY - FED (Y) = 0 A FAC FAC C FCE FCE E

FED (Y) = EY 5m 5m EY

PERO: 30 kN 20 kN
EY = 10 KN

58
 FED (Y) = 10 KN
FED (X)
FED(Y )
sen 60 =
FED
FED
FED (Y) = FED sen 60 FED (Y)

FED(Y ) 10
FED = = = 11,54 kN
sen 60 0,866
600
FCE EX
FED = 11,54 KN (compresin)

T = 80 N EX = 69,28 N EY = 10 KN EY

FAB = 34,64 kN (tensin) FAC = 17,32 kN (compresin)

FBC = 34,64 kN (compresin) FBD = 34,64 KN (tensin)

FCD = 57,73 kN (Tensin) FCE = 63,5 KN (compresin)

FED = 11,54 KN (compresin)

Problema 4.1 Esttica Meriam edicin tres

Hallar la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura cargada B
600N
B
600N
1,25 m

1,25 m A C
AX
A C
AY 3m CY
B
3m 600N
FBA
FBC
MA = 0

+ CY (3) 600 (1,25) = 0

FBC
3 CY 750 = 0 FBA A
C
AX FCA FCA
3 CY = 750
AY CY

750
CY = = 250 N
3
CY = 250 N

59
 MC = 0

+ AY (3) 600 (1,25) = 0 FX = 0

3 AY 750 = 0
600 AX = 0
3 AY = 750
600 = AX

750 AX = 600 Newton

AY = = 250 N
3
AY = 250 N

B
Nudo B 600N
FBA
FBC
B B
600N
FBC
FBC FBC
1,25 3,25 FBA A
FBA FBA C
3 AX FCA FCA
AY CY

FBC FBA 600 600N

= =
3,25 1,25 3
FBC FBA
= = 200
3,25 1,25
Hallar FBC
Hallar FAB FBC
= 200
FBA 3,25
= 200
1,25 FBC = 200 (3,25)
FAB = 200 (1,25)
FBC = 650 Newton (compresin)
FAB = 250 Newton (traccin)

Nudo C
FBC
B
600N
C FBA
FBC FBC
FCA CY = 250 N
CY 1,25 3,25

3 FBC
FBA A
FBC C Y FCA C
= = FCA
C AX FCA FCA
3,25 1,25 3 CY
AY
FBC = 650 Newton (compresin)

60
650 C Y FCA
= =
3,25 1,25 3
CY = 250 N AX = 600 Newton
Hallar FCA AY = 250 N
650 FCA
= FAB = 250 Newton (traccin)
3,25 3
(650) 3 FBC = 650 Newton (compresin)
FCA =
3,25
FCA = 600 Newton (traccin) FCA = 600 Newton (traccin)

Problema 4.1 Esttica Meriam edicin cinco; Problema 4.2 Esttica Meriam edicin tres
Hallar la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura simple equiltera

AY
1,732 m
AX A

2m

2m B

2m
C 735,75 N

MA = 0 CX

+ CX (2) - 735,75 ( 1,732) = 0

W=mxg
CX (2) = 1274,31 m
w = 75 kg 9,81 = 735,75 Newton
2
1274,31 seg
CX = = 637,15 N W = 735,75 Newton
2
CX = 637,15 Newton

FX = 0 FY = 0

CX - AX = 0 AY 735,75 = 0

CX = AX AY = 735,75 Newton

AX = 637,15 Newton

61
Nudo B

FBA FBA 367,87

D B 2 =
1 2 1
300 367,87 N FBA
FBC 1,732
FBA = 2 X 367,87
735,75 N 735,75 N
1,732 FBA = 735,75 Newton
367,87 N 1 FBC
2
FBC 367,87
=
2 1
Nudo C
FBC FCA C X FBC = 2 X 367,87
= =
2 1 1,732
FBC = 735,75 Newton (compresin) FBC = 735,75 Newton

735,75 FCA
= CX
2 1 FCA FBC
CX 300 FCA
735,75
FCA = 1,732 FBC
2 C
1
FCA = 367,87 Newton (tensin)
2

Problema 4.3 Esttica Meriam edicin tres

Hallar la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura cargada. Explicar por que no hace falta saber las
longitudes de los miembros.
2,4 kN 2,4 kN

B B

A 600 A 600
300 C 300 C
AX
AY CY

62
Nudo B
2,4 kN 2,4 kN
FBA

B
300 600
2,4 kN FBA (Y)
FBA
FBA FBC FBC
FBC (Y)
FBA (X)
FBA(Y ) FBC
sen 30 =
FBA
FBA(Y) = FBA sen 30 FBC (X)
1
FBA(Y ) = FBA Para abreviar los clculos
2 1 3 1 3
sen 30 = sen 60 = cos 60 = cos 30 =
1
FBA(Y ) = FBA 2 2 2 2
2

FBC(Y ) FBA(X )
sen 60 = cos 30 =
FBC FBA
FBC(Y) = FBC sen 60 FBC(X )
cos 60 =
FBC FBA(X) = FBA cos 30
3
FBC(Y ) = FBC

FBC(X) = FBC cos 60
2 1 3
FBc(x ) = FBC FBA(x ) = FBA

3 2 2
FBC(Y ) = FBC

2 1 3
FBc(x ) = FBC FBA(x ) = FBA
FX = 0 2
2
FBA(X) - FBC(X) = 0

3 1

2 FBA - 2 FBC = 0 (ECUACIN 1) FY = 0

FBA(Y) + FBC(Y) - 2,4 = 0
Resolver las ecuaciones
3

2 ( )
FBA - FBC = 0 3
1 1 3
FBA + FBC = 2,4 (ECUACIN 2)

2 2 2
1 3
FBA + FBC = 2,4

2 2

63
3 3
FBA - FBC = 0

2 2
1 3
FBA + FBC = 2,4

2 2

3 1
FBA + FBA = 2,4
2 2

2 FBA = 2,4

2,4
FBA = = 1,2 kN
2
FBA = 1,2 kN (compresin)

3 1

2 FBA - 2 FBC = 0 (ECUACIN 1)

3
FBA = FBC
1

2 2

3 FBA = FBC

FBA = 1,2 kN

3 (1,2 ) = FBC

FBC = 2,078 kN (compresin)

FBC
Nudo C
FBC
FCA(X ) 0
60
cos 60 = C 600
FCA (X)
FCA FCA
CY 600
CY FCA
FCA (X) = (cos 60) FCA
FCA (Y)
FX = 0 FCA

FCA (X) - FBC = 0

(cos 60) FCA - FBC = 0

64
(cos 60) FCA = FBC

FBC 2,078
FCA = = = 1,039 kN
cos 60 0,5

FBA = 1,039 kN (traccin)

Problema 4.3 Esttica Meriam edicin cinco

Determine the force in each member of the truss. Note the presence of any zero-force members.

5 kN
AY 3m

Ax A FAB FAB B
MA = 0
FBC FCA
DX (1) - 5 (3) = 0 FBC
+
1m
FBC
DX - 15 = 0 FCA FBC
FCD
DX = 15 KN FCD
Dx D C
2m
FX = 0
DX AX = 0 5 kN
AY b=3m
DX = AX
Ax A B
=26,560
FBC c= 5

1m
FBC a=2 2
D
Dx
2m
C
PERO: DX = 15 KN

AX = 15 KN

FY = 0
AY 5 = 0

65
 ley de cosenos
AY = 5 KN
a2 = b2 + c2 2 b c sen
2
tg =
( 5 )2 - 2 (3) ( 5 )sen 26,56
1
= arc tg (2) a 2 = (3)2 +
= 63,430

+ = 900 a2 = 9 + 5- 6 ( 5 )(0,4471)

= 90 - 0
a 2 = 14 - 2,68 ( 5)

= 900 63,43
a 2 = 14 - 6 a 2 = 8
= 26,560
a= 8 =2 2
NUDO B FAB
FBC(X)
5 kN
FBC =450

FAB B 5 kN FBC(Y)
FBC
FBC

ley de cosenos
= arc tg 0,7071
c2 = a2 + b2 2 a b sen
= 450
( 5 )2 = (2 2 )2 + (3)2 - 2 (2 2 )(3) sen cos = cos 45 = 0,7071

5 = 8 + 9 - 12 ( 2 ) sen sen = sen 45 = 0,7071

5 = 8 + 9 - 16,97 sen
FBC(X) = FBC cos 45
5 = 17 - 16,97 sen
Pero:
16,97 sen = 17 - 5 = 12 FBC = 7,071 KN
12
sen = = 0,7071 FBC(X) = FBC cos 45
16,97

66
 FBC(X) = FBC cos 45
FBC(X )
cos 45 =
FBC Pero:
FBC(X) = FBC cos 45 FBC = 7,071 KN

FY = 0 FBC(X) = FBC cos 45

FBC(Y) 5 = 0
FBC(X) = (7,071) (0,7071)
FBC(Y) = 5 kN
FBC(X) = 5 kN
FBC(Y ) 5
FBC = = = 7,071 kN FX = 0
sen 45 0,7071 FBC(X) FAB = 0
FBC = 7,071 KN
FAB = FBC(X) FAB = 5 kN

NUDO C
5 kN

FCA AY 3m
FBC
Ax A FAB FAB
FCD C B
FBC FCA =450
FBC
1m
FBC
FCA(X ) FCA FBC
cos 26,56 = FCD
FCA Dx FCD
D C
FCA(X) = FCA cos 26,56
2m
FCA(X) = 0,8944 FCA

FBC(X)
FY = 0

FCA(Y) FBC(Y) = 0 FBC FBC(Y)

FCA(Y) = FBC(Y) =450 FCD
0
=26,56
Pero: FBC (Y) = 5 kN
FCA
FCA(Y)
FCA(Y) = 5 kN

FCA(Y )
sen 26,56 = FCA(X)
FCA
FCA(Y ) 5
FCA = = = 11,18 kN
sen 26,56 0,4471

67
FCA = 11,18 kN (tensin)

Reemplazando la ecuacin 1 FX = 0
- FBC(X) + FCD FCA(X) = 0
FCD 0,8944 FCA = 5 (Ecuacin 1)
Pero: FBC(X) = 5 kN
Pero: FCA = 11,18 kN
- 5 + FCD FCA(X) = 0
FCD 0,8944 (11,18) = 5
FCD FCA(X) = 5
FCD 10 = 5 FCA(X) = 0,8944 FCA

FCD = 5 + 10 = 15 kN FCD 0,8944 FCA = 5 (Ecuacin 1)

FCD = 15 Kn (compresin) 5 kN
AY 3m
NUDO D
Ax A FAB FAB B
FX = 0
DX - FCD = 0 FBC FCA =450
FBC
DX = FCD 1m
FBC
FCA FBC
Pero: FCD
FCD = 15 Kn Dx FCD
D C
Fy = 0 2m

FBC = 0

68
Problema 4.4 Esttica Meriam edicin tres; Problema 4.6 Esttica Meriam edicin cinco;
Hallar la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura cargada

E 3m D
2 kN
FED FED
FAE
FBD
FEB
FCD

FEB FCD

MC = 0
FAE FBD
B C CX
+ - AY (6) + 2 (3) = 0
A
FAB FAB FBC FBC
6 AY = 2 (3) AY CY
AY = 1 kN 6m

FX = 0
MA = 0
CX 2 = 0
+ 2 (3) - CY (6) = 0
CX = 2 kN
2 (3) = CY (6)

CY = 1 kN

Nudo A
FAE
4,24 CY
3
FAE 3
A
FAB
AY FAB

C Y FAB FAE Se halla FAE

= = Se halla FAB
3 3 4,24
1 FAE
1 FAB
= =
CY = 1 kN 3 4,24
3 3
1 FAB FAE
= =
3 3 4,24 FAB = 1 kN (tension) 4,24
FAE = = 1,41kN
3
FAE = 1,413 Kn (compresin)

69
 Nudo E

E
4,24
3 FEB
FED
FAE
3
FAE

FEB FED

FEB FED FAE

= = Se halla FEB Se halla FED
3 3 4,24 FEB FED
FAE = 1,413 kN = 0,3332 = 0,3332
3 3
FEB = 3 (0,3332) = 1 kN FED = 3 (0,3332) = 1 kN
FEB FED 1,413 (tensin) (compresin)
= =
3 3 4,24

FEB FED
= = 0,3332
3 3
Nudo B
FEB FBC
FBD

4,24 3 FEB = 1 kn FBD

B FBD FBD (Y)
3

FAB FBC FAB = 1 kN

FBD (X)
3
tg = = 1
3
FY = 0
= arc tg (1)
= 450 FEB - FBD(Y) = 0
FBD(Y )
sen = FEB = FBD(Y)
FBD
FBD(Y ) FEB = 3 (0,3332) = 1 kN
sen 45 =
FBD 1 = FBD(Y)

FBD (sen 45) = FBD(Y) 1 = FBD (sen 45)

1 1
FBD(X ) FBD = = = 1,414 kN
cos = sen 45 0,7071
FBD
FBD(X ) FBD = 1,414 kN
cos 45 =
FBD

70
 FBD (X) = FBD (cos 45)
FX = 0
FBD = 1,414 kN
FBC - FBD (X) FAB = 0 Pero: FAB = 1 kN
FBD (X) = 1,414 (cos 45)
FBC = FBD (X) + FAB Pero: FBD (X) = 1 kN

FBC = 1 + 1
FBD (X) = 1,414 (0,7071)
FBC = 2 kN
FBD (X) = 1 kN

Nudo C
FCD
FY = 0
CX FX = 0
FCD FCD - CY = 0
CX - FBC = 0
C CX
FCD = CY
FBC CX = FBC
CY
CY CY = 1 kN
FBC FBC = 2 kN
(traccin) FCD = CY = 1 kN (traccin)
CX = FBC = 2 kN

Problema 4.4 Esttica Meriam edicin cinco

Calculate the forces in members BE and BD of the loaded truss.
8 pulg. 2
CY
8 pulg. B FBC 2
FBC C
Cx
FAB FBD
FEB
8 pulg.

FEB
FAB FBD

A FAE FAE FED FED Dx

E D

DY
MC = 0
1000 lb

+ 1000 (8 + 8) - DX (8) = 0

1000 (16) - 8 DX = 0

16000 - 8 DX = 0

71
8 DX = 16000

16000 FX = 0
DX = = 2000 lb.
8
DX = 2000 lb. CX - DX = 0

C CX = DX
C
2 2 CY
CY PERO: DX = 2000 lb.
2
2
CX = 2000 lb.
Cx
Cx
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para la fuerza C son:

CY CX
=
2 2

Cancelando trminos semejantes

CY = CX

PERO: CX = 2000 lb.

CY = 2000 lb.
8 pulg. 2
CY
NUDO A 8 pulg. B 2
C
Cx
FAB FAB
FAB
8 pulg.

A FAE 8 2 1000 lb
8
FAB
8
1000 lb A Dx
FAE FAE
E D
FAE
DY
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio son:
1000 lb

FAB 1000 FAE

= =
8 2 8 8 Hallar FAE

Cancelando trminos semejantes 1000 = FAE

FAB FAE = 1000 lb. (Compresin)

= 1000 = FAE
2

72
Hallar FAB
FAB
= 1000
2

FAB = 1000 ( 2)
FAB = 1414,21libras (tensin)

8 pulg. 2
CY
NUDO E 8 pulg. B FBC 2
FBC C
FEB
Cx
FAB FBD
FEB
8 pulg.
FED
FEB
FAE FAB FBD
E

FY = 0 A FAE FAE FED FED Dx

E D
FEB = 0
DY
1000 lb
FX = 0
FAE - FED = 0

FAE = FED FBD(X) FAB(X)

PERO: FAE = 1000 lb. 8 2

8 2
FBD(Y) 8 8 FAB(Y)
FED = 1000 lb. (Compresin) FBD FAB
8 8
FBC

NUDO B B FBC
FBC
FAB
FBD FAB
Hallar FAB(X)
FBD FAB
= FAB(X )
2
FEB =0
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para la junta B son: 1414,2
= FAB(X )
2
FAB FAB(Y ) FAB(X ) FAB(X) = 1000 lb.
= =
8 2 8 8

Cancelando trminos semejantes

FAB
= FAB(Y ) = FAB(X )
2

73
PERO: FAB = 1414,21libras

Hallar FAB(Y)
FAB
= FAB(Y )
2
FX = 0
1414,2
= FAB(Y )
2 FBC - FBD(X) - FAB(X) = 0
FAB(Y) = 1000 lb.
PERO: FAB(X) = 1000 lb.
FY = 0
FBC - FBD(X) = FAB(X)
FBD (Y) FAB (Y) = 0
FBC - FBD(X) = 1000 ECUACION 1
FBD (Y) = FAB (Y)

Pero: FAB (Y) = 1000 lb.

Hallar FBC
FBD (Y) = 1000 lb. FBC - FBD(X) = 1000 ECUACION 1

Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para la junta B son: PERO:

FBD (X) = 1000 lb.
FBD FBD(Y ) FBD(X )
= = FBC - 1000 = 1000
8 2 8 8
FBC = 1000 + 1000
Cancelando trminos semejantes
FBD
= FBD(Y ) = FBD(X ) FBC = 2000 lb. (traccin)
2
Pero: FBD (Y) = 1000 lb.
DX = 2000 lb.
FBD(Y ) = FBD(X )
FAB = 1414,21libras (tensin)
FBD (X) = 1000 lb.
FAE = 1000 lb. (Compresin)
FBD
= FBD(Y )
2 FED = 1000 lb. (Compresin)
Pero: FBD (Y) = 1000 lb.
FEB = 0
FBD = ( 2 ) FBD(Y ) FBC = 2000 lb. (traccin)
FBD = ( 2 )1000

FBD = 1414,2 libras (compresin)

74
Problema 4.5 Esttica Meriam edicin tres;
Hallar la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura cargada. Influye la carga de 6 kN en los resultados.
3

4 10 kN
6 kN BX = 6 kN

A B
4m 4m C 3

5
4

BY =8 kN

10 kN

4m

4m D
E

BX = 6 kN B X 10 B Y
= =
AY BY =8 kN 6 kN
3 5 4
10 kN
B
A 4m 4m C Hallar BX
BX
AX FAB FAB FCB FCB =2
3
FAE FBE FBD FCD
CY
BX = 3 (2) = 6 KN
4m F
AE FBE BX = 6 KN
FED FED FCD

4m D Hallar BY
E
MA = 0
BY
=2
+ - BY (4) + CY (4 + 4) - 6 (4 + 4) = 0 4
- 8 (4) + CY (8) - 6 (8) = 0 FX = 0 BY = 4 (2) = 6 KN
- 4 + CY - 6 = 0 BX - AX = 0 PERO: BX BY = 8 KN
= 6 KN
CY - 10 = 0
BX = AX
CY = 10 KN
AX = 6 KN

75
 MC = 0

+ - AY (4 + 4) + BY (4) = 0 PERO: BY = 8 KN

- AY (8) + 8 (4) = 0

- AY + 4 = 0

AY = 4 kN AY
B
NUDO A FAE(X) A 2m 2m

FAE(Y ) AY AX FAB FAB

sen = 2
FAE
FAE A FBE
4 2 3
2 3 3 AX FAB
sen = = FAE(Y) 4m F
4 2 AE
FAE

FAE(Y) = sen FAE FAE

E
3
FAE(Y ) = FAE
2
FAE(X )
cos =
FAE
2 1
cos = =
4 2
FX = 0 FAE(Y) = sen FAE
FAE(X) = cos FAE
FAE(X) AX + FAB = 0
3
1 FAE(Y ) = FAE
FAE(X ) = FAE PERO: AX = 6 KN 2
2
2
FAE = FAE(Y )
FY = 0 FAE(X) + FAB = AX 3
AY FAE (Y) = 0
FAE(X) + FAB = 6 PERO: FAE (Y) = 4 Kn
PERO: 1
AY = 4 kN 2
FAE + FAB = 6 (ECUACION 1) FAE =
2
(4) = 4,618 kN
3
FAE (Y) = AY FAE = 4,618 KN (tensin)

FAE (Y) = 4 kN

1
FAE + FAB = 6 (ECUACION 1)
2

PERO: FAE = 4,618 KN

76
 1
FAB = 6 - FAE
2
FAB = 6 - (4,618) = 6 - 2,309 = 3,691 kN
1
2
FAB = 3,691 KN (tensin)

BX = 6 kN
NUDO C
AY BY =8 kN 6 kN
10 kN
6 kN B
A 4m 4m C

AX FAB FAB FCB FCB

C
FCB FAE FBD
FBE FCD
CY
FCD
CY
4m F FBD
FY = 0 AE FBE
CY 6 - FCD (Y) = 0 FED FED FCD

PERO: 4m D
CY = 10 kN E

10 6 - FCD (Y) = 0
FCD(Y )
4 - FCD (Y) = 0 sen 60 =
FCD
FCD (Y) = 4 KN 6 kN FCD (Y) = FCD sen 60
FCD(Y ) 4
FCB FCD = = = 4,618 kN
FX = 0 sen 60 0,866
600 FCD = 4,618 KN (tensin)
FCB - FCD(X) = 0 FCD (Y) CY = 10 KN
FCD
FCB = FCD(X) FCD(x )
FCD (X) cos 60 =
FCD
FCB = 2,309 kN (compresin)
FCD (X) = FCD cos 60

PERO:
FCD = 4,618 KN (tensin)

FCD (X) = 4,618 (0,5) = 2,309 kN

77
NUDO B

FX = 0
6 - FAB - FCB + FBE(X) FBD(X) = 0

PERO:
BX = 6 kN
FAB = 3,691 KN
FCB = 2,309 kN BY =8 kN
BX = 6 kN
10 kN
B BY = 8 kN
6 - 3,691 - 2,309 + FBE(X) FBD(X) = 0

FBE(X) FBD(X) = 0 FAB FCB FAB FCB

600
600
FBE cos 60 - FBD cos 60 = 0 FBE FBD FBE (Y) FBD
FBE FBD (Y)
0,5 FBE 0,5 FBD = 0 (ECUACION 1)
FBE (X) FBD (X)
FY = 0 FBE(Y )
sen 60 =
FBE (Y) + FBD (Y) - 8 = 0 FBE
FBE(Y) = FBE sen 60 FBD(Y )
FBE (Y) + FBD (Y) = 8 sen 60 =
FBD
FBE(x ) FBD(Y) = FBD sen 60
FBE sen 60 + FBD sen 60 = 8 cos 60 =
FBE
0,866 FBE + 0,866 FBD = 8 (ECUACION 2) FBE(X) = FBE cos 60 FBD(x )
cos 60 =
FBD
Resolver las ecuaciones 1 y 2
FBD(X) = FBD cos 60
0,5 FBE 0,5 FBD = 0 (0,866)
0,866 FBE + 0,866 FBD = 8 (0,5)

BX = 6 kN
0,433 FBE 0,433 FBD = 0
0,433 FBE + 0,433 FBD = 4 AY BY =8 kN 6 kN
10 kN
B
0,866 FBE = 4 A 4m 4m C
4
FBE = 4,618 KN AX FAB FAB FCB FCB
0,866
FAE FBE FBD
FBE = 4,618 kN (compresion) FCD
CY

NUDO E 4m F FBD
AE FBE
FED FED FCD
FAE FBE

4m D
FED E
E

78
 FED
FAE(Y ) FBE(Y )
sen 60 = sen 60 =
FAE FAE FBE
FAE (Y) FBE
FBE (Y) FAE(Y) = FAE sen 60 FBE(Y) = FBE sen 60
600 600
FAE(x ) FBE(x )
FAE (X) FBE (X) cos 60 = cos 60 =
FAE FBE
FX = 0 FAE(X) = FAE cos 60 FBE(X) = FBE cos 60
FED - FAE (X) FBE (X) = 0
CY = 10 KN AY = 4 kN AX = 6 KN
FED - FAE cos 60 FBE cos 60 = 0
FAE = 4,618 KN (tensin)
PERO:
FBE = 4,618 kN FAB = 3,691 KN (tensin)
FAE = 4,618 KN
FCD = 4,618 KN (tensin)
FED = FAE cos 60 + FBE cos 60
FCB = 2,309 kN (compresion)
FED = 4,618 (0,5) + 4,618 (0,5)
FBE = 4,618 kN (compresion)
FED = 2,309 + 2,309 = 4,618 KN (Tension)
FED = 4,618 KN (Tension)
FED = 4,618 KN (Tension)

Problema 4.7 Esttica Meriam edicin tres; Problema 4.12 Esttica Meriam edicin cinco
Calcular las fuerzas en los miembros CG y CF de la armadura representada

FX = 0
ME = 0 DX EX = 0

4 (2 + 2 + 2) + 2 (2 + 2) DX (3) = 0 EX = DX
+
4 (6) + 2 (4) DX (3) = 0 EX =10,666 KN

24 + 8 3 DX = 0

79
32 3 DX = 0

3 DX = 32

32
DX = = 10,666 KN
3 2 KN
DX = 10,666 KN 2m DY
2m 2m
FAB FAB B FBC FBC C FCD FCD D
NUDO A
A
FAB FAB Dx
A FBG FCF
FAG FGC
FAG 6 FAG FCF
FAG FGC
3 4 KN 3m
6,7 4 KN G
4 KN FGF
FGF
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para la junta A son: F

FAB FAG 4 E Ex
= = Hallar FAG
6 6,7 3
Hallar FAB CY
FAB FAG 4
FAB 4 = =
= 6 6,7 3
6 3 FAG 4
FAB =
(4) 6
= 8 KN 6,7
=
3
3
FAG =
(6,7 ) 4 = 8,94 KN
FAB = 8 KN (tensin) 3
FAG = 8,94 KN (compresion)
NUDO B
2 KN 2 KN
2m DY
2m 2m
FAB B FBC FAB FAB B FBC FBC C D
A
FBG Dx
FAG
FAG
4 KN 3m
G
FBG
F
FX = 0
FY = 0 E Ex
FBC - FAB = 0
FBG - 2 = 0 CY
FBC = FAB
FBG = 2 KN (compresin)
PERO: FAB = 8 KN (tensin)

FBC = 8 KN (tensin)

80
 NUDO G
2 KN
FBG 2m DY
2m 2m
FGC FAB FAB B FBC FBC C D
A
FAG FBG Dx
FAG FGC
FAG FGC
G FGF 4 KN 3m
G
FGF
FGF
3 F
tg = = 0,5
6
E Ex
= arc tg (0,5) FGC(X)
FAG(X) CY
0
FGC(Y)
= 26,56 FGC
FAG(Y) FAG
0
26.560 26.56
FGF(Y )
sen 26,56 = 26.560
FGF(Y)
FGF FGF
FGF(Y) = FGF sen 26,56 FGF(X)
FBG
FGC(Y )
sen 26,56 =
FGC
FGC(Y) = FGC sen 26,56 FGF(X )
cos 26,56 =
FGF
FAG(Y )
sen 26,56 = FGF (X) = FGF cos 26,56
FAG
FAG(Y) = FAG sen 26,56 FGC(X )
cos 26,56 =
FGC
FX = 0
FGC (X) = FGC cos 26,56
FGC (X) + FAG (X) - FGF (X) = 0

PERO: FAG(X )
cos 26,56 =
FGC (X) = FGC cos 26,56 FAG
FGF (X) = FGF cos 26,56 FAG (X) = FAG cos 26,56

FAG (X) = FAG cos 26,56

FAG = 8,94 KN (compresion)

FAG (X) = FAG cos 26,56

FAG (X) = (8,94) cos 26,56

FGC (X) + FAG (X) - FGF (X) = 0

FGC cos 26,56 + (8,94) cos 26,56 - FGF cos 26,56 = 0

81
FGC + 8,94 - FGF = 0
FGC - FGF = - 8,94 (Ecuacin 1)

Resolver las ecuaciones

FY = 0
FGC - FGF = - 8,94 (-0,4471)
FGC (Y) + FGF (Y) - FAG (Y) - FBG = 0
0,4471 FGC + 0,4471 FGF = 6
PERO:
-0,4471 FGC + 0,4471 FGF = 4 FGC(Y) = FGC sen 26,56
0,4471 FGC + 0,4471 FGF = 6 FGF(Y) = FGF sen 26,56
FBG = 2 KN (compresin)
0,4471 FGF + 0,4471 FGF = 4 + 6
FAG(Y) = FAG sen 26,56
0,8942 FGF = 10 FAG = 8,94 KN (compresion)
FAG (Y) = (8,94) sen 26,56
10 FAG (Y) = (8,94) (0,4471)
FGF = = 11,18 KN
0,8942 FAG (Y) = 4 KN

FGF = 11,18 KN (compresion) FGC (Y) + FGF (Y) - FAG (Y) - FBG = 0
FGC (Y) + FGF (Y) -4 -2=0
Reemplazar la ecuacin 1 FGC (Y) + FGF (Y) -6=0
FGC (Y) + FGF (Y) =6
FGC - FGF = - 8,94 (Ecuacin 1)
0,4471 FGC + 0,4471 FGF = 6
Pero: FGF = 11,18 KN (Ecuacin 2)

FGC 11,18 = - 8,94

FBC FCD
FGC = 11,18 - 8,94 26.560
FGC(Y)
FGC
FGC = 2,24 KN (tensin)

NUDO C FGC(X) FCF

FBC C FCD 2 KN
2m DY
2m 2m
FAB FAB B FBC FBC C FCD FCD D
FGC A
FBG Dx
FAG FCF
FCF FGC
FAG FGC FCF
4 KN 3m
PERO: G
FGF
FBC = 8 KN FGF
FGC = 2,24 KN F

FGC(X ) Ex
cos 26,56 = E
FGC
FGC (X) = FGC cos 26,56 CY
FGC (X) = (2,24) cos 26,56

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FGC (X) = (2,24) 0,8944
FGC (X) = 2 KN

FX = 0 FGC(Y )
sen 26,56 =
FCD - FBC - FGC (X) = 0 FGC FY = 0
FGC (Y) = FGC sen 26,56
PERO: FGC (Y) = (2,24) sen 26,56 FCF - FGC (Y) = 0
FBC = 8 KN FGC (Y) = (2,24) 0,4471
FGC (X) = 2 KN FGC (Y) = 1 KN FCF = FGC (Y)

FCD - FBC - FGC (X) = 0 PERO:

FGC (Y) = 1 KN
FCD - 8 - 2 = 0
FCD - 10 = 0 FCF = 1 KN (compresin)
FCD = 10 kN (tensin)

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