. ..

..
..
..

,
010100 , 010400
, 010800
, 010200
.

2014
 517.95:517.97
181
-12

-12 .., .., ..

:
. : -
, 2014. 40.

: .. ,
-
,
.
-
- -
-
.

c
. .. , 2014
1.

2
 
1
y 00 + y 0 + 1 2 y = 0, (1.1)
x x

-
(
, -
,
, .). (1.1) -
:

x2y 00 + xy 0 + (x2 2)y = 0, (1.2)

 
d dy
x x + (x2 2)y = 0. (1.3)
dx dx
-
. -
-
, .

2.

X (1)k  x 2k+
J (x) = , (2.1)
(k + + 1)(k + 1) 2
k=0

3
 (z) (. -
A).
(2.1)
 x   x2 
J (x) = f ,
2 4

X (1)k z k
f (z) = . (2.2)
(k + + 1)(k + 1)
k=0
(2.2)
|z| 6 R, || 6 N , R N .
-
z -
z, f (z) z
-
z. f (z)
z,
.
, J (x) (1.3).
(2.1) -
, :

0
X (1)k (2k + )  x 2k+
xJ (x) = ,
(k + + 1)(k + 1) 2
k=0

d 0
X (1)k (2k + )2  x 2k+
x (xJ (x)) = .
dx (k + + 1)(k + 1) 2
k=0

4


X (1)k [(2k + )2 2]  x 2k+
d 0 2
x (xJ (x)) J (x) = =
dx (k + + 1)(k + 1) 2
k=0

X (1)k 4k(k + )  x 2k+
= . (2.3)
(k + + 1)(k + 1) 2
k=1

(A.2) ,

(k + + 1) = (k + )(k + ), (k + 1) = k(k),

(2.3) :

d 0 2
X (1)k  x 2k+
x (xJ (x)) J (x) = 4 .
dx (k + )(k) 2
k=1

k 1 = m,
d
(xJ0 (x)) 2J (x) =
x
dx

X (1)m+1  x 2m++2
=4 =
m=0
(m + + 1)(m + 1) 2

2
X (1)m  x 2m+
= x = x2J (x),
m=0
(m + + 1)(m + 1) 2
.
(1.1) ,
J (x) (1.1).

X (1)k  x 2k
J (x) = . (2.4)
(k + 1)(k + 1) 2
k=0

(2.1), (2.4),
J (x) J (x)
5
x = 0:
x
J (x) = [1 + O(x2)], x 0; (2.5)
2 ( + 1)
2
J (x) = [1 + O(x2)], x 0. (2.6)
x (1 )
x = 0, -
. J (x)
J (x)
(1.1). -
(1.1)
J (x) J (x):

y(x) = C1J (x) + C2J (x).

= n, n = 0, 1, 2, . . . , (2.4)
, (2.6) -
. ,
n n .
, -
Jn(x).

3. , ,

-
,
6
 .

3.1. :

Jn(x) = (1)nJn(x), n Z; (3.1)

 
d J (x) J+1(x)
= ; (3.2)
dx x x
d
(x J (x)) = x J1(x); (3.3)
dx

J+1(x) = J (x) J0 (x); (3.4)
x

J1(x) = J (x) + J0 (x); (3.5)
x
2
J+1(x) + J1(x) = J (x); (3.6)
x
J+1(x) J1(x) = 2J0 (x); (3.7)
Z
x+1J (x)dx = x+1J+1(x) + C; (3.8)
Z
xJ0(x)dx = xJ1(x) + C; (3.9)
Z
x2J1(x)dx = x2J0(x) + 2xJ1(x) + C; (3.10)
Z
x3J0(x)dx = 2x2J0(x) + (x3 4x)J1(x) + C; (3.11)
Z
xJ (x)J (x)dx = (3.12)
xJ (x)J0 (x) xJ0 (x)J (x)
= + C,
2 2
6= ;
Z
1h 2 0
xJ (x)dx = x (J (x))2+
2
(3.13)
2
2

2 2
i
+ x 2 (J (x)) + C;

7
 Zx0    
k x m x
xJ J dx = 0, k 6= m; (3.14)
x0 x0
0

k m

J () + J0 () = 0. (3.15)

. -
(3.1)(3.14).

1) (3.1). -
, n > 0. (2.4), -
= n. n (2.4) , ..
1
(kn+1) = 0 k = 0, 1, . . . , n 1 ( 8)
), (2.4)

X (1)k  x 2kn
Jn(x) = .
(k n + 1)(k + 1) 2
k=n

k n = m,

X (1)m+n  x 2(m+n)n
Jn(x) = =
m=0
(m + 1)(m + n + 1) 2

n
X (1)m  x 2m+n
= (1) = (1)nJn(x).
m=0
(m + 1)(m + n + 1) 2

(3.1) .

2) (3.2),
(3.2), (2.1). -

8


  X
J (x) 1 (1)k  x 2k
= ,
x 2 (k + 1)(k + n + 1) 2
k=0

   X
(1)k k

d J (x) 1  x 2k1
= =
dx x 2 (k + 1)(k + + 1) 2
k=1
  X
1 (1)k  x 2k1
= .
2 (k)(k + + 1) 2
k=1

k 1 = m,
   X
(1)m+1

d J (x) 1  x 2m+1
= =
dx x 2 m=0 (m + 1)(m + + 2) 2
  X
1 (1)m  x 2m+1
= . (3.16)
2 m=0 (m + 1)(m + + 2) 2
, (3.2), -


  X
J+1(x) 1 (1)m  x 2m+1
= .
x 2 m=0 (m + 1)(m + + 2) 2
(3.17)
(3.16) (3.17) (3.2).

3) (3.3) .

4) (3.4) (3.2), -

J0 (x) J (x) J+1(x)
=
x x+1 x
9
 x
J (x)
J0 (x) = J+1(x).
x
5) (3.5) (3.3).

6) (3.4) (3.5),
(3.6) (3.7).

7) (3.3)
Z
x+1J (x)dx.

(3.3) + 1,
+1 d +1


x J (x) = x J+1(x) .
dx

Z Z
+1 d +1


x J (x)dx = x J+1(x) dx =
dx
= x+1J+1(x) + C.

8) (3.9) (3.8) =
0.

9) (3.10). (3.8) = 1
Z
x2J1(x)dx = x2J2(x) + C.

2, J2(x), -
(3.6)
10
 :
2
J2(x) = J0(x) + J1(x).
x

Z
x2J1(x)dx = x2J0(x) + 2xJ1(x) + C,

10)
Z
x3J0(x)dx

(3.3) = 0,
d
xJ0(x) = [xJ1(x)] .
dx
Z Z
d
x3J0(x)dx = x2
[xJ1(x)] dx.
dx
,
d
u = x2, du = 2xdx, dv = [xJ1(x)] dx, v = xJ1(x).
dx

Z Z
x3J0(x)dx = x3J1(x) 2 x2J1(x)dx.

(3.10), .

11) (3.12).
2
 
d
(xy 0) + 2x y = 0. (3.18)
dx x
11


= x ( > 0)

y(x) = y().

,
d d
y 0(x) = y 0(), xy 0(x) = y 0(), (xy 0(x)) = ( y 0()).
dx d
(3.18),
:
2
 
d
( y 0()) + y = 0. (3.19)
d
(3.19)

y() = J ().

, -
(3.18): y(x) = J (x).

, J (x) -
(3.19)
2
   
d dJ (x)
x + 2 x J (x) 0.
dx dx x
J (x):
2
   
d dJ (x)
x + 2x J (x) 0.
dx dx x

12
 J (x),
J (x) .

   
d dJ (x) d dJ (x)
J (x) x J (x) x
dx dx dx dx
(2 2)xJ (x)J (x) = 0.

,
Z  
d dJ (x)
J (x) x dx
dx dx
Z  
d dJ (x)
J (x) x dx
Z dx dx
(2 2) xJ (x)J (x)dx = C,

C . -
:
Z
dJ (x) dJ (x) dJ (x)
J (x)x x dx
dx Z dx dx
dJ (x) dJ (x) dJ (x)
J (x)x + x dx
dx Z dx dx
(2 2) xJ (x)J (x)dx = C.

(3.12).

12) (3.13) (3.12)

.

13
,
Z
xJ2(x)dx. (3.20)

. ,
(3.12) -
00 , -
. ,
xJ (x)J0 (x) xJ0 (x)J (x)
lim = (3.21)
2 2
d 0 0
d [xJ (x)J (x) xJ (x)J (x)]
= lim =
2
1
= lim [xJ (x)J0 (x) + x2J (x)J00(x)
2
x2J0 (x)J0 (x)] =
1
= lim [xJ (x)J0 (x) x2J0 (x)J0 (x)+
2
1
+ J (x)(x)2J00(x)].

J (z) (1.2),

(x)2J00(x) = xJ0 (x) + ( 2 (x)2)J (x).

J00(x) (3.21),
xJ (x)J0 (x) xJ0 (x)J (x)
lim =
2 2
1
= lim [xJ (x)J0 (x) x2J0 (x)J0 (x)+
2
14
 1
+ J (x)[xJ0 (x) + ( 2 (x)2)J (x)]] =

1 2 0 0 (x)2 2
= lim [x J (x)J (x) + J (x)J (x)] =
2
1h 2 0 2

2 2  2 i
= x (J (x)) + x 2 J (x) . (3.22)
2
(3.20) (3.22) (3.13).

13) (3.14). , (3.12),

Zr0    
k x m x
xJ J dx =
r0 r0
0
        r0
m x 0 m x 0 k x
r0 xJ
k
r0 J r0 r0
k
xJ r0 J rm0x 
=  2  2  =
k m


r0 r0 0

mJ (k )J0 (m) k J0 (k )J (m) 2
= r0 . (3.23)
2k 2m
k m (4.14),

J (k ) + k J0 (k ) = 0; (3.24)
J (m) + mJ0 (m) = 0.

-
, (3.24) ,
 
 J (k ) k J0 (k ) 
 
0 =  =
J (m) mJ0 (m)


= mJ (k )J0 (m) k J0 (k )J (m).

15
 (3.23) (3.14).

4.

J (x) cos J (x)

N (x) = , 6= n. (4.1)
sin
, -
(1.1), J (x) J (x).
, > 0
.
-
x. (2.5),
(2.5), (2.6), (4.1)
J (x) 2
N (x) , x 0.
sin x sin (1 )
, x = 0 -
, .
. -
(1.1)

y(x) = C1J (x) + C2N (x). (4.2)

(4.1) = n,
n = 0, 1, 2, . . . , 00 , cos n =
16
(1)n, sin n = 0, Jn(x) = (1)nJn(x). -
. -
n

Nn(x) = lim N (x). (4.3)

n

Nn(x), -
:
J (x) cos J (x)
Nn(x) = lim = (4.4)
n sin
J (x) J (x)
cos J (x) sin
= lim
=
n
  cos  
1 J (x)   n J (x) 

= (1) .
=n =n
n > 1. (2.1) (2.4) -
:

J  x   x  X (1)k  x 2k
= ln +
2 2 (k + + 1)(k + 1) 2
k=0

 x  X (1)k  x 2k d  1 
+  =
2 (k + 1) 2 dt (t) t=k++1
k=0

(1)k  x 2k d
x  x  X  
1 
= ln J (x) + ;
2 2 (k + 1) 2 dt (t)  t=k++1
k=0

J  x   x  X (1)k  x 2k
= ln
2 2 (k + 1)(k + 1) 2
k=0

 x  X (1)k  x 2k d  1 
 =
2 (k + 1) 2 dt (t) t=k+1
k=0

17

(1)k  x 2k d
x  
X 1 
= ln J (x) .
2 (k + 1) 2 dt (t) t=k+1
k=0

= n, ,

J  x
= ln Jn(x)+ (4.5)
=n 2
 x n X k  2k
 
(1) x d 1 
+ ;
2 (k + 1) 2 dt (t) t=k+n+1
k=0 
J  x
= ln Jn(x) (4.6)
=n 2
 x n X k  2k
 
(1) x d 1 
.
2 (k + 1) 2 dt (t) t=kn+1
k=0

(4.6) n -
(3.1).

J  n
x
= (1) ln Jn(x)
=n 2
n1
(1)k  x 2k d
 x n X  
1 

2 (k + 1) 2 dt (t) t=kn+1
k=0
 x n X k  2k
 
(1) x d 1 
.
2 (k + 1) 2 dt (t) t=kn+1
k=n

k n = m, ,


J  n
x
= (1) ln Jn(x) (4.7)
=n 2
n1
(1)k  x 2k d
 x n X  
1 

2 (k + 1) 2 dt (t)  t=kn+1
k=0

18

(1)m+n  x 2m d
 x n X  
1 
.
2 m=0
(m + n + 1) 2 dt (t) t=m+1
(A.6) (A.7),
 
d 1 
= (1)kn+1(n k); (4.8)
dt (t) t=kn+1

0
  
d 1   (t) 
= = (4.9)
dt (t) t=m+1 2(t) t=m+1

m
1 X1
= C + , m = 1, 2, . . . ;
(m + 1) p=1
p
 
d 1 
= C; (4.10)
dt (t) t=1

  k+n
d 1  1 X1
= C + . (4.11)
dt (t) t=k+n+1
 (k + n + 1) p=1
p

(4.11) (4.5), (4.8)(4.10) (4.7), -


J  x
= ln Jn(x) + CJn(x)
 =n 2
k x 2k k+n


 x n X (1) 2 X 1
;
2 (k + 1)(k + n + 1) p=1 p
k=0
J  n
x
= (1) ln Jn(x)+
 =n 2
n1
n (n k)  x 2k
 x n X
+(1) (1)nCJn(x)+
2 (k + 1) 2
k=0
m x 2m m


X (1) X 1
+(1)n 2
.
m=1
(m + n + 1)(m + 1) p=1
p

19
 (4.4), ,
(
1 x
Nn(x) = 2(ln + C)Jn(x) (4.12)
2
n1 n
 x n X (n k)  x 2k  x n 1 X 1

2 (k + 1) 2 2 (n + 1) p=1 p
k=0
)
x

2k+n k+n k
X (1)k 2 X1 X1
+ .
(k + n + 1)(k + 1) p=1 p p=1 p
k=1

N0(x) . -
(4.12), -
n = 0 :
k x 2k X
(
k
)
2 h x i X (1) 2 1
N0(x) = ln + C J0(x) . (4.13)
2 2(k + 1) p=1 p
k=1

(4.12), (4.13) -
x 0:
 x n (n)
Nn(x) , n > 1;
2
2 x
N0(x) ln .
2
, x = 0
.
(1.1) (4.2) .
,
J0(x) J1(x) .

20
 . 4.1. J0 (x) N0 (x) x.

. 4.2. J1 (x) N1 (x) x.

,
4.1. , > 0, + > 0.

21


J () + J0 () = 0. (4.14)

5. -

y(x)
 
d dy(x)
p(x) + ((x) q(x))y(x) = 0. (5.1)
dx dx

2
   
d dy(x)
x + x y(x) = 0. (5.2)
dx dx x
(0, x0).
x = 0 (5.2).

|y|x=0| < . (5.3)

x = x0 , -
(5.2), x = x0 -

y 0(x0) + y(x0) = 0. (5.4)

22
 .
, (5.2) -
, (5.3),
(5.4), , -
. [3],
(5.2)(5.4) ,
.
-
> 0 = 0 .
> 0.
5.1.
2
   
d dy
x + x y = 0, 0 < x < x0, (5.5)
dx dx x
|y(0)| < , y(x0) = 0, (5.6)

> 0.
= 0. (5.5) -

00 2
0 00 1 0 2
xy + y y = 0, y + y 2 y = 0 (5.7)
x x x

z = ln x
d2y 2
y = 0,
dz 2

y = C1ez + C2ez .
23
 ,

y = C1x + C2x . (5.8)

(5.6),
, ,
, C2 = 0. y(x) = C1x
(5.6)

C1x0 = 0.

x0 > 0, , C1 = 0. -
, = 0
, (5.6). = 0
(5.5)(5.6).

> 0. (5.5) z = x ,
, (z) = y( z ) -

2 2
 
d 1 d
+ + 1 = 0. (5.9)
dz 2 z dz z2
(4.2), (5.9)

(z) = C1J (z) + C2N (z).

, -
(5.5):

y(x) = C1J (x ) + C2N (x ). (5.10)
24
 N (x) (
4), (5.6) C2 = 0.
(5.6), ,

C1J (x0 ) = 0.

C1 = 0, -
y(x) 0,

J (x0 ) = 0.

= x0 , > 0, (5.11)

J () = 0. (5.12)

k (5.12).
 2
(5.11), k = xk0 , k =
1, 2, . . . ,
C1. -
C1 = 1. (5.10)
C1, C2 k ,
k :
 
k x
yk (x) = J , k = 1, 2, . . . ,
x0
0 < 1 < 2 < < k < k+1 < . . .
(5.12).

25
 . -
(3.13),
Zx0 Zx0  
k x
kyk k2 = xyk2 (x)dx = xJ2 dx = (5.13)
x0
 h 0 i 0 2 h
  i x0
1 2 0 k x 2 k x 2 
= x J + x2 2 J  .
2 x0 k x0 0

J (x) xJ0 (x) x = 0,

J (k ) = 0,
x20 0
kyk k = [J (k )]2.
2
2
(3.4),

J0 (k ) = J (k ) J+1(k ).
k
J (k ) = 0, J0 (k ) = J+1(k ). ,
x20
kyk k = [J+1(k )]2, k = 1, 2, . . . .
2
2
5.2.
2
   
d dy
x + x y = 0, 0 < x < x0, (5.14)
dx dx x
|y(0)| < , y 0(x0) = 0, (5.15)

> 0.
= 0. , 5.1, -
(5.7)

y(x) = C1x + C2x .

26
 y(x) ,
C2 = 0. y(x) (5.15),

C1x1
0 = 0.

C1 = 0, , , y(x) 0. = 0
(5.14)(5.15).
> 0 (5.14) (5.10).
C2 6= 0 (5.10)

x = 0, C2 = 0. y(x) = C1J (x ).
y(x) , ,

C1J0 (x0 ) = 0.

(5.11),

J0 () = 0.

k .
(5.11), -
J0 ()
 2
k
k = , k = 1, 2, . . . .
x0
(5.10) C2 = 0, C1 = 1 k ,

 
k x
yk (x) = J , k = 1, 2, . . . ,
x0
27
 0 < 1 < 2 < < k < k+1 < . . .
J0 ().
. -
(5.13) , J (x) xJ0 (x)
x = 0. , J0 (k ) = 0,

2
 
1
kyk k2 = x20 2 [J (k )]2, k = 1, 2, . . . .
2 k
5.3.
2
   
d dy
x + x y = 0, 0 < x < x0, (5.16)
dx dx x
|y(0)| < , y 0(x0) + hy(x0) = 0, (5.17)

> 0, h > 0 .
= 0. (5.16)
= 0
y(x) = C1x + C2x .

-
y(x) = C1x . y(x) (5.17),
,

C1[x01 + hx0 ] = 0.

h > 0, x0 > 0, C1 = 0. , y(x) 0,

= 0
(5.16)(5.17).
28
 > 0.
(5.16) (5.10).
, C2 = 0. -

y(x) = C1J (x ). C1 = 1,
y(x) (5.17) ,
:

J0 (x0 ) + hJ (x0 ) = 0.

(5.11), ,

J0 () + hx0J () = 0. (5.18)

4.1 (5.18) -
0 < 1 < 2 < < k < k+1 < . . . .
(5.11),
 2
k
k = , k = 1, 2, . . . ,
x0

 
k x
yk (x) = J , k = 1, 2, . . . .
x0

(5.13). -
,
2
   
1
kyk k2 = [x0J0 (k )]2 + x20 2 [J (k )]2 .
2 k

29

. (5.18). -
k (5.18),
hx0
J0 (k ) = J (k ).
k

2 2 4 2
 
x h x
kyk k2 = 0 1 + 0
2 2 [J (k )]2, k = 1, 2, . . . .
2 k x0
5.4.
 
d dy
x + xy = 0, 0 < x < x0, (5.19)
dx dx
|y(0)| < , y(x0) = 0. (5.20)

= 0. (5.19)
 
d dy
x = 0,
dx dx

dy dy C1
x = C1 , = ,
dx dx x

y = C1 ln x + C2. (5.21)

y(x)
C2. y(x) (5.20), ,
C2 = 0. (5.21)
y(x) 0, = 0
(5.19)(5.20).
30
 > 0. > 0 -
(5.19)

y(x) = C1J0(x ) + C2N0(x ). (5.22)

N0(x ) -

, C2 = 0. y(x) = C1J0(x ). y(x)
(5.20), ,

C1J0(x0 ) = 0.

C1 = 1 (5.11).

J0() = 0. (5.23)

k (5.23).
(5.11), -
0 < 1 < 2 < < k < k+1 < . . .
J0():
 2
k
k = , k = 1, 2, . . . .
x0

 
k x
yk (x) = J0 , k = 1, 2, . . . .
x0
(3.13),
= 0:
Zx0 Zx0  
k x
kyk k2 = xyk2 (x)dx = xJ02 dx = (5.24)
x0
0 0

31
  x
x2  0 k x 2  k x 2  0
   
= J0 + J0  .
2 x0 x0 0
, J0(0) = 1, J00 (0) = 0, J0(k ) = 0,
x20 0
2
kyk k = [J0(k )]2, k = 1, 2, . . . .
2
(3.4),

J00 (k ) = J1(k ).

,
x20
kyk k = [J1(k )]2, k = 1, 2, . . . .
2
2
5.5.
 
d dy
x + xy = 0, 0 < x < x0, (5.25)
dx dx
|y(0)| < , y 0(x0) = 0. (5.26)

= 0 (5.25)
(5.21). , C1 =
0 y(x) C2. y(x) (5.26), -
, C2. C2 = 1,
y(x) 1. = 0
(5.25)(5.26), -
y0(x) = 1.
y0:
Zx0 Zx0
2 2 x20 2 x20
ky0k = xy0 (x)dx = xdx = , ky0k = .
2 2
0 0

32
 > 0. > 0 -
(5.25) (5.22).
, C2 = 0. -

y(x) = C1J0(x ). -
(5.26), :

J00 (x0 ) = 0.

(5.11),

J00 () = 0. (5.27)

k (5.27).
(5.11),
 2
k
k = , k = 1, 2, . . . .
x0

 
k x
yk (x) = J0 k = 1, 2, . . . ,
x0
(5.22) C2 = 0, C1 = 1 k =
 2
k
x0 . 0 < 1 < 2 < < k < k+1 < . . .
(5.27).
. (5.24),
x20
2
kyk k = [J0(k )]2, k = 1, 2, . . . .
2

33
 5.6.
 
d dy
x + xy = 0, 0 < x < x0, (5.28)
dx dx
|y(0)| < , y 0(x0) + hy(x0) = 0, (5.29)

h > 0 .
= 0 (5.25)
(5.21).
y(x) = C2. y(x) (5.29), -
,
hC2 = 0.

h > 0, C2 = 0. , y(x) 0. ..
(5.28)(5.29) = 0 ,
= 0 .
> 0 (5.28) (5.22).
, C2 = 0.

y(x) = C1J0(x ). y(x) (5.29)
,
0

C1[J0(x0 ) + hJ0(x0 )] = 0.

C1 = 1, (5.11)

J00 () + hx0J0() = 0. (5.30)

k (5.30).
(5.11), -
34
 2

k
k = , k = 1, 2, . . . .
x0

 
k x
yk (x) = J0 k = 1, 2, . . . ,
x0
0 < 1 < 2 < < k < k+1 < . . .
(5.30).
(5.24) :

2 x20  0 2 2

kyk k = [J0(k )] + [J0(k )] .
2
k (5.30),
hx0
J00 (k ) = J0(k ).
k

2 2 2
 
x h x
kyk k2 = 0 1 + 2 0 [J0(k )]2, k = 1, 2, . . . .
2 k

A.

1) Rez > 0

Z
(z) = ettz1dt. (A.1)
0

Rez > 0 (1) =

1.
35
2) -

(z + 1) = z(z). (A.2)

3) z = n -

(n + 1) = n! (A.3)

4) (A.2) -
:
(z + n + 1)
(z) = . (A.4)
z(z + 1) (z + n)
5)

(z)(1 z) = , z 6= 0, 1, 2, . . . (A.5)
sin z
6) (z) (A.4) -
-
z, z = 0, 1, 2, . . . , (z)
.

7) (z) .
1
8) (z) . z = k, k =
1
0, 1, 2, . . . , (z) .

9)
n
0(n + 1) X 1
= C + , n = 1, 2, . . . , (A.6)
(n + 1) k
k=1

36
 0
C , C = (1)
(1)
= 0(1). -
0,577215665.

10) (A.5),

d 1 
= (1)n(n + 1), n = 0, 1, 2, . . . . (A.7)
dz (z) z=n


B.

2
2 d Z(z) dZ(z)
z 2
+ z + (z 2 2)Z(z) = 0
dz dz
Z (z),
,
XVIII . ,
-
.
, ..
(17841846) -
I , -
J (z).

-
.
J (z), , -
J0(z) = 0,
J0(z), J1(z), J2(z).
37
 , , -

., ., ..
J0(z) ( = 0)
., -
(1732.). ,
J0(z) = 0 -
.
. (1738.), -
, -
.

,
. , -
J (z) J0(z) -
z,
J (z) = 0 .
-
J (z) = 0 = 1.
-
, Y (z) N (z) -
.
-

38
 I J (z) AJ (z) +
BN (z) . ,
II .-
1867
. 1879 .
III ,
,
. 1869 .

H(1)(z) = J (z) + iN (z),

H(2)(z) = J (z) iN (z),

[1] .. -
:
. .: , 1984. 383.

[2] .., .. -
: . .
.: . : , 2004. 798.

39
[3] .. . :
-
. .: -
, 1971. 512.

[4] .., ..
: -
. .: , 1973. 736.

1 3

2 3

3 , ,
6

4 16

5 -
22

A 35

B 37

39
40