Nederlands

Evolution in the Fourth Round

Introduction
According to theosophy, our earth globe is one of twelve globes that make up the
earth planetary chain. These twelve interlocking spheres are composed of different
grades of consciousness-substance, but interpenetrate to some degree and form a
unitary group. Our own globe (globe D) is the most material globe, and exists on the
lowest of the seven planes of our hierarchy. Each globe exists on seven subplanes,
from material to spiritual (these being relative terms). The higher, nonphysical realms of
our own globe, along with all the higher globes of the earth-chain are beyond the range
of our physical senses.

Schematic representation of the twelve globes of a planetary chain.

A planetary lifespan or manvantara lasts 4.32 billion years, and is followed by a

planetary rest period or pralaya of equal length. A manvantara is divided into seven
rounds or great tidal waves of life. Every round repeats on a higher scale the
evolutionary work of the preceding round, and brings into full expression one of the
seven element-principles. The first three and a half rounds comprise the arc of descent,
during which the globes and their inhabitants undergo a process of progressive
materialization. The second half of a manvantara comprises the arc of ascent,
characterized by etherealization and spiritualization. Our physical globe originated some
two billion years ago in an ethereal state, and gradually grew more dense and material
until a few million years ago when the ascending arc began.

Ten kingdoms or life-waves evolve in and on the globes of a planetary chain, and
indeed compose them. They are the three elemental kingdoms, the mineral, plant,
animal, and human kingdoms, and the three spiritual or dhyani-chohanic kingdoms. At
the end of a planetary manvantara, the monads or consciousness-centres comprising
the life-waves return to their spiritual home, enriched with their evolutionary
experiences.

On each globe in each round, the monads in each life-wave manifest in suitable
forms and pass through seven main stages of evolutionary development. In the human
kingdom, these seven stages are called root-races or humanities. The root-races
overlap: a new race begins to emerge in the middle of the previous one. The same
monadic individuals embody in each root-race, with the exception of those who are
unable to advance sufficiently to continue into the next round, who enter an early
nirvana of low degree.

On any globe at any time, one kingdom dominates, and the bulk of its monads
embody on that globe. Each kingdom stays on a globe for many millions of years, and
passes seven times through all the globes in succession during each embodiment of a
planetary chain. When a life-wave departs from a globe, it leaves behind its most
advanced representatives (also called shishtas, or remainders). When it returns to that
globe in the next round, the incoming monads reawaken these astral root-types, which
begin to materialize and differentiate into a variety of stocks appropriate to that
kingdoms evolution.

Theosophy teaches that The Universe is worked and guided from within outwards
(SD 1:174), and that all things had their origin in spirit evolution having originally
begun from above and proceeded downward, instead of the reverse, as taught in the
Darwinian theory (SD 2:170/190). Physical forms originate from astral prototypes, which
are themselves reflections of the spiritual archetypes or ideas left from previous
evolutionary cycles. Far from being a random process, evolution is the result of the
impulses arising in the inner constitution of worlds and entities. It involves the building of
ever-fitter vehicles for the expression of the latent powers of the spiritual monad.

The following brief sketch deals mainly with the evolution of humanity on globe D
during the present, fourth round of the earths evolution.

First root-race
The fourth round began some 320 million years ago towards the end of the
Precambrian era, a period marked by tremendous geological upheavals. The first of the
seven root-races or humanities was a race of astral entities and appeared in mid-
Paleozoic times, some 150 million years ago. As the seven classes of human monads
from globe C started to arrive on globe D, they awakened the corresponding classes of
shishtas, which began to multiply in number. The first subrace of the first root-race
therefore consisted of seven groups, seven embryonic astral humanities, evolving on
seven different zones of the first continent, situated around the north pole.

Theosophy therefore teaches the simultaneous evolution of seven human groups on

seven different portions of our globe (SD 2:1). Strictly speaking, it teaches a modified
polygenesis.

For, while it assigns to humanity a oneness of origin, in so far that its

forefathers or creators were all divine beings though of different classes
or degrees of perfection in their hierarchy men were nevertheless born on
seven different centres of the continent of that period. ... [T]heir potentialities
and mental capabilities, outward or physical forms, and future
characteristics, were very different. ... Some superior, others inferior, to suit
the karma of the various reincarnating monads which could not be all of the
same degree of purity in their last births in other worlds. This accounts for
the difference of races ... (SD 2:249)

The earth on which the first race lived was more ethereal than it is today, but
relatively hard and condensed in comparison with those nonselfconscious human
protoplasts. They had huge translucent or transparent bodies, ovoid though somewhat
fluid in form, with no bones or organs, and no hair or skin. They slowly grew more solid,
but remained ethereal until the end.

The race was sexless and propagated by fission: a large portion of the body
separated itself and grew into a duplicate of its parent, much as happens with living
cells today. In contrast to the huge and highly ethereal cells of the first race, our physical
bodies today begin their existence as a microscopic cell or egg, a speck of gelatinous
protoplasm, which slowly hardens and grows into the human form.

Second root-race
The second, Hyperborean root-race (a continuation of the first) was semi-astral, but
grew denser and more opaque with each passing age. Towards its end, it became more
gelatinous and filamentoid in structure, and developed the rudimentary beginnings of
bones and organs, hair and skin. Although still more or less ovoid in form, it began to
show the first outlines of the later human form. However, towards its end, its bodies
passed through many curious, part-animal forms.

The second race was asexual and reproduced by gemmation or budding, a method
of reproduction still found in certain unicellular organisms (e.g. certain bacteria, yeasts,
and protozoans). This was a repetition in the small of the method of reproduction of the
first race. A swelling would appear on the body of one of these entities, and as it grew it
became constricted near the point of junction with the parent body. Eventually, the
remaining filament would break, thus freeing the bud, which then grew into another
individual similar to its parent. At about the midpoint of the second race, these buds
increased in number, and became what might be called spores or seeds. At certain
seasons many of these buds would leave the parent body, as do the spores or seeds of
plants today. Many might perish, but many others would successfully grow into beings
with bodies like those of the parents which gave them birth.
 The first two races were not fully human as they had no selfconscious minds. Their
consciousness was like that of someone in a daze or deep daydream. They were
guided by spiritual instinct, and were mentally much like little children.

Early third root-race

The third, Lemurian root-race appeared during the Triassic period of the Mesozoic
era (which began some 44 million years ago). The jelly-like substance of the second
race had now become tender flesh composed of cells. Some of the filamentoid parts
grew more cartilaginous, and finally became bones, and others became the muscles,
nervous system, and blood vessels. The nuclei that existed in the bodies of the second
race condensed into true organs. The evolution of physical humans out of the astral
races of the early Lemurian age can be likened to the materialization of spirits (astral
entities) in the seance room.

The early third root-race was hermaphrodite or androgynous. This method of

reproduction is still found in certain representatives of the lower kingdoms, e.g. in most
flowering plants and in invertebrates such as worms, snails, and slugs. Practically all
antiquity taught that mankind must have had bisexual ancestors if for no other reason
than that each sex possesses rudiments of the reproductive organs of the other sex.

In the earliest stages of the third race reproduction took place by budding, which
developed into egg-laying: vital cells were exuded from the outer parts of the body, and
collected together to form huge ovoid aggregates or eggs. To start with, the drops of
vital fluid were exuded from nearly all parts of the body. Later a single large cell was
exuded from a functional part of the organism, which was the root of the later
reproductive organs.

Egg-laying is still found in birds and certain reptiles today, and even in humans the
method of reproduction is still essentially the same. The human germ cell is an egg,
though microscopic in size in comparison with the large eggs of the third race, and it is
incubated in the womb, within a protecting wall of solid flesh and bone, rather than
developing outside the body. The period of incubation is now nine months rather than
several years, and the new-born babe is not as independent as the newly hatched
infant of the third race.

The first, second, and earliest third races did not eat as we do now, but took material
into the body for nutrition by osmosis, in much in the same way as our lungs draw
nutrition from the air.

The first root-race and much of the second knew no death as we understand it; each
generation melted into the next. Towards the end of the second race, its individuals fell
asleep, as it were, and faded out, and this was the beginnings of what we now call
death. With the third root-race, death became the rule, since the bodies became
sufficiently solidified and individualized to die when their store of vital energy had been
exhausted.
Origin of the animals

The beginning of the fourth round some 320 million years ago coincided with the
appearance of the first multicellular organisms or metazoans in the fossil record. But
they were relatively few compared to the incredible proliferation of marine organisms
that occurred in the early Cambrian (some 70 million years later). Since the Cambrian
explosion, almost no new basic anatomical designs (or phyla) have appeared in the
animal world. This sudden radiation resulted from the reawakening of the astral shishtas
or root-types by the monads arriving on our globe from globe C their numbers being
relatively few to start with but swelling rapidly as time went on.

From the start of the fourth round until the midpoint of the planetary life-cycle, some
4.5 million years ago, the evolutionary trend was downwards into matter, resulting in a
profusion of new species, which developed the fundamental designs activated at the
start of the round into a variety of increasingly specialized forms. However, the middle of
the cycle marked the beginning of the ascending arc towards spirit, and henceforth
more and more animal monads will tend to pass into nirvanic rest as they will not be
able to evolve sufficiently along psychological and spiritual lines. The midpoint of the
fourth round also marked the closing of the door into the human kingdom meaning
that no more animal monads can enter the human kingdom during the rest of the
planetary manvantara, except for certain ape and higher simian monads.

The first ethereal representatives of all the stocks below the mammals the birds,
reptiles, amphibians, fishes, and invertebrates originated mainly in the preceding
(third) globe-round, many hundreds of millions of years ago. The higher mammals
originated from mankind in the present globe-round, during the latter part of the second
root-race and the early part of the third root-race, in the late Paleozoic and early
Mesozoic. Ethereal, prehuman mankind threw off from itself the germs or seeds of the
future animal stocks by the process of budding or gemmation described above. If the
vital germs or buds fell from the portion of the parent body which had become the seat
of the reproductive organs, they would reproduce a second human, but if they fell from
some other part of the body, they would often, if the environment was favourable, grow
into the beginning of new animate stocks, which then proceeded to develop and
specialize along their own lines.

In those remote times, as today, many of the atoms, molecules, and cells composing
the human body were guests, drawn to those bodies by karma, and thereby helping to
build them. After residing in the body for a time, they leave and their place is take by
others. Some of the vital cells thrown off by early humans were used by entities that
evolved into the higher mammals. H.P. Blavatsky says that the drops of vital energy
which oozed out of the human body were scattered far and wide, and used by nature
for the production of the first mammal-animal forms. Evolution is an eternal cycle of
becoming, we are taught; and nature never leaves an atom unused (SD 2:170).

In those early days, before the selfconscious intelligence of the third race had begun
to unfold, the dominance of the human life-fluid or soul-essence over the cells and life-
atoms composing their primitive, more ethereal bodies was far weaker than it is today.
Consequently, when any of the cells freed itself from that control, it instinctively followed
the path of self-expression, as each cell is a storehouse of unexpressed types. A further
reason why the cells developed along their own lines was that all entities were then
running down the arc of descent, which is the period of the evolution of matter and the
involution of spirit, and therefore all stocks from the human down were under the
natural urge to evolve new bodily forms.

The bodies of the animals physicalized before those of ethereal humanity, and the
androgynous animals likewise separated into male and female before the human stock.

Later third root-race

Hermaphroditism died out in the middle period of the third race. Individuals began to
be born with the predominant characteristics of one or the other sex, until finally only
unisexual individuals were produced. With the separation of the sexes, the present
method of reproduction ensued. It was at about the same time that the awakening of our
selfconscious minds began and that human bodies became fully developed and
physical. The early stages of human evolution are recapitulated by the growing embryo,
and it is interesting to note that the distinction of sex does not appear until the third
month of growth.

The Lemurians were endowed with a third eye at the top of the head. It was in fact
the first eye, the two front eyes developing later. It is also known as the eye of Shiva,
the wisdom eye, or the deva eye. It was originally an organ of both physical and spiritual
vision. With the development of increasingly material bodies and the separation of the
sexes, the eye began to lose its power. It gradually petrified and finally disappeared
from the outward anatomy of humans in the middle of the third subrace of the
Atlanteans. The remaining witness to this eye is the pineal gland, a pea-sized organ in
the brain, situated beneath the posterior part of the corpus callosum. Every class of
species was originally hermaphrodite and one-eyed. Today, certain cold-blooded
vertebrates have an outgrowth of the pineal gland which forms an eyelike structure
(known as the pineal eye) at the top of the head. This eye is now atrophied, as in
humans.

Even today the third eye is partially functional in humans as an organ of spiritual
vision, but it has a difficult time, mainly due to the activity of the two eyes that
superseded it. G. de Purucker writes:

As time passes the two eyes will grow slowly more perfect in function, but
will recede in importance; and the first eye will come again into its own. It
did function in other rounds, during the third and even the second, weakly
during the first; because during the first round the monads which we call
egos now were then spiritual and semi-spiritual beings, as it were in a
samadhic condition on this plane ... (Man in Evolution, 203)

The pineal gland is destined to function again in the distant future as the organ of our
seventh and highest sense.

Humanitys selfconscious mind began to awaken once our physical forms had
become sufficiently developed to express our latent mental powers. This important
event is referred to as the incarnation of the manasaputras (or sons of mind). These
spiritual entities are our own higher selves (our higher human or manasaputric monad),
and passed through the human stage in a previous cycle of evolution. With
selfconscious intelligence came the power of choice and free will, and as humans
gradually sank further into matter, a struggle emerged between the spiritual and the
animal in man.

The awakening of mind began among the karmically ready stocks during the fifth
subrace of the third root-race in the later Mesozoic era, some 18.5 million years ago.
However, manas (the fifth principle) will not be fully developed until the end of the fifth
round. By the end of the seventh round, our lower human monads will have become
higher human monads, and will enter the lowest of the three dhyani-chohanic kingdoms,
assuming that we run the race successfully. It will then be our duty to act as
manasaputras for the human monads in the next manvantara, which are currently
animal monads.

Selfconscious human individuals began to appear even in the first, second, and early
third root-races. In the middle of the third race, before the general manasaputric
descent, the selfconscious forerunners of the human race, under the influence of the
spiritual consciousness or silent watcher of our globe, gathered together to form a
focus of spiritual and intellectual light. This was the origin of the Brotherhood of Adepts,
which has been in existence ever since. The adepts or mahatmas are the guides and
helpers of the human race, and the custodians of the ageless wisdom.

The last two subraces of the Lemurians (or Lemuro-Atlanteans) built cities, cultivated
the arts and sciences, and sowed far and wide the first seeds of civilization under the
guidance of their divine instructors and their own awakened minds. Lemuria was
centred in the Pacific Ocean. Most of it sank towards the end of the Cretaceous period
(which ended about 8 million years ago).

Fourth root-race
The fourth, Atlantean root-race developed bodies far coarser than our own, because
it was in the middle of that race, some 4.5 million years ago, that the bottom of the arc
of descent was reached and matter reached its fullest development. Since then the
matter of both the globe and its inhabitants has begun to slowly etherealize and become
more refined, and this process will continue as we progress along the ascending arc,
until the end of the seventh round, when the globe will have returned to the highly
ethereal state that prevailed in the first round.

The Atlanteans produced some of the most brilliant civilizations of a purely material
character that this globe has seen. On the whole, however, they were unspiritual, with
strong material instincts. Many of them worshipped the dark and evil powers of nature,
and misused their innate psychic powers for selfish ends practices which were
opposed by the wiser among them.

The bulk of Atlantis was submerged and destroyed in the Miocene epoch, following
which the fifth race began to increase rapidly in numbers. Portions of Atlantis, however,
lingered on into later times. The large island of Ruta in the Pacific Ocean sank some
850,000 years ago, the smaller island of Daitya in the Indian Ocean sank some 270,000
years ago, and Poseidonis, a small Atlantic island about the size of Ireland, was
submerged 11 thousand years ago.
Size, senses, and speech
Humans are said to have been of titanic size during the early races and to have
gradually diminished in stature ever since, a process which can also be seen in the
animal and plant kingdoms. The bodies of the first two races were over a hundred feet
tall. The third root-race was 60 feet tall initially, and 20 to 25 feet at the time of Lemurias
destruction. The Atlanteans in their heyday were 20 to 30 feet tall. Mans size was
reduced from 15 to 10 or 12 feet ever since the third subrace of the our present (fifth)
humanity, and has continued to decline ever since.

The relatively solidified bodies of the late second and early third races could
conceivably have left fossils, and this is even more true of the later third race and the
fourth race. But since then, tremendous volcanic, seismic, and other cataclysmic events
have taken place; lands have sunk beneath the oceans and new lands have been
upheaved in many parts of the globe. Only a few fossils are likely to have survived
these events. Moreover, cremation is said to have been universal until some 80-100,000
years ago. However, many remains of humans up to 12 feet (4 metres) tall have been
found in recent times, and there are also intriguing reports of semihuman/apelike
creatures from 7 to 15 feet tall existing in remote areas till the present day (see The
ape-ancestry myth, section 4).

At the present stage of evolution, humans have five senses. Theosophy teaches that
there are really seven, or even ten, senses, though all are specializations of the interior
and unifying source of them all. Each of the seven root-races brings into full functional
activity one of the seven senses, though it also manifests, very imperfectly, the as yet
undeveloped senses. The first root-race evolved the sense of hearing, the second
touch, the third sight, the fourth taste, and the fifth smell. The reason our ears can hear
eleven octaves of sound while our eyes can see only one octave of light is because the
sense of hearing was developed at a far earlier stage of our evolution. The sixth and
seventh root-races will evolve two further senses with their appropriate organs.
Hunches are a forerunner of the sixth sense, and intuition is a forerunner of the
seventh sense.

The first race had no speech, and indeed did not need it since it lived in a kind of
daydream. The second race had a sound-language chant-like sounds, largely
onomatopoeic, composed of vowels alone, signifying danger, pleasure, etc. In the early
part of the third race the noises became a sort of language, though it was only a slight
improvement on the sounds in nature. Towards its end the third race developed
monosyllabic speech. Before that they communicated through thought transference,
though thought was initially very little developed in nascent physical mankind. The
fourth race developed agglutinative languages, while the fifth developed inflectional
languages.

Monkeys and apes

The lower simians, the monkeys, arose from interbreeding between a mindless or
unselfconscious stock of the third root-race and a high beast stock, probably during the
Jurassic period of the Mesozoic. The anthropoid apes resulted from interbreeding
between an unprogressed Atlantean stock and the simian descendants of the earlier
miscegenations, towards the end of the fourth root-race, in the Miocene epoch.

The humans responsible for the acts which gave rise to the monkeys were
instinctual and devoid of selfconsciousness and hence the miscegenation was not a
crime. The distance between the humans and animals concerned was not yet very
great and hence fertile unions were possible. The Atlanteans who later repeated the act
were aware of what they were doing and the act was therefore one of intentional
bestiality. Even then, humans and animals were not far enough apart to prevent a fertile
union.

In far past geological times both these simian stocks resembled their human half-
parents in much fuller measure than do their present-day descendants, the living
monkeys and apes. The earlier stocks were much nearer in time to the dominant human
influence in their heredity, while the living simians show the effects of specialization
away from that influence over the intervening millions of years.

G. de Purucker says that the original apes were looked upon askance by the more
evolved humans of that time but were tolerated because they had glimmerings of our
active minds. They were virtually thinking entities of a lower type.

The most human of these apes died out, partly because the Atlanteans,
realizing the sin of their own less evolved men, made vigorous war upon
them, wars of extermination; and also because the milieu, the surroundings,
were not conducive to the continuance of this partly-human partly-animal
race. Only the least progressed of the apes were allowed to live by the
Atlanteans; and the apes today are [their] descendants ... (Studies in Occult
Philosophy, 123)

The egos which took embodiment in the original monkeys and apes were those which
had not quite reached the human stage. The apes are destined to become human
beings of a low grade before the end of this round, and again in the fifth round. This
does not mean that ape bodies will evolve into human bodies, but that the monads
currently tenanting ape bodies will take on bodies among the lowest human stocks. The
rest of the animals will gradually die out as progress up the ascending arc continues,
and will reappear in the next manvantara.

Thus humans and apes did indeed have a common ancestor but that common
ancestor was man himself, in his earlier, more primitive form. The darwinian ape-
ancestry theory is contradicted by abundant evidence in the form of stone tools,
incised bones, and skeletal remains showing that human beings existed in the
Pliocene, the Miocene, and even in early Tertiary times, millions of years before our
supposed apelike ancestors are thought to have appeared. Nowadays, this evidence is
either ignored or dismissed out of hand. (See SD 2:10, 675, 678, 686, 714fn, 740; The
ape-ancestry myth, section 3.)

A comparison of the skeletal and muscular features of living apes and humans shows
that apes have developed a more complex and specialized structure, while humans
have preserved a primitive mammalian simplicity, with only the cerebrospinal system,
necessary for the manifestation of selfconscious intelligence, being highly developed.
As for the more primitive hominid fossils that have been discovered, rather than being
our direct ancestors, they may have existed alongside advanced civilizations (some of
them on now submerged islands and continents), just as civilized and primitive peoples
coexist today.

Fifth, sixth, and seventh root-races

The fifth, Aryan or Indo-European humanity became a distinct root-race about one
million years ago in Central Asia, and like all major new races, received guidance from
divine instructors. Since then, a series of migrations have taken place, and many
civilizations have come and gone. We are now approaching the middle of the fifth race.

The European stock of races, with their highly developed physical intellectuality, is
currently in its kali-yuga or dark age. This age of rapid material progress will last for
another 427,000 years. The European races have been steadily rising since the
downfall of the Roman Empire, and will continue to do so, with various smaller shocks,
for another 6-8000 years. There will then be a rapid descent leading to a great
European catastrophe of nature in about 16,000 years. This period will see the
submersion of the British Isles, most of France, Holland, part of Spain, and much of
Italy, and will be preceded by premonitory signs, such as slow subsidence of the coast
and major earthquakes.

The seeds of the sixth root-race are already being sown, largely in the Americas, and
will become fairly numerous towards the end of our kali-yuga. Hermaphroditism will
again appear, but in a more refined form. Children will be produced by kriyashakti, i.e.
by will and imagination passively in the sixth race, and consciously and actively in the
seventh. The flesh of the sixth root-race will be very tender and soft, and that of the
seventh root-race will be almost translucent. These races will be smaller than us in size,
but greater in intellect and spirituality.

Earlier and later rounds

The evolution of the first race of the fourth round recapitulated the first round, the
second race the second round, and the third race the third round. Likewise, the fifth,
sixth, and seventh races will be a faint foreshadowing of evolution in the fifth, sixth, and
seventh rounds.

During the first round all the classes of monads helped to build the foundations of the
globes, under the guidance of the dhyani-chohanic kingdoms. The kingdoms were
largely undifferentiated initially. In a sense, the mineral, vegetable, and animal kingdoms
are the unconscious off-throwings of primeval humanity, just as humans are the
offspring of the gods. The mineral kingdom separated off in the first round, and first
plants and submammalian creatures in the next two rounds. The earliest mammals
appeared at the end of the third round.

Even during the first round there was organized intelligence on earth, and not merely
mindless entities. In addition to the dhyani-chohanic kingdoms, there were thinking
human beings, though their bodies may have been quite different from those we have
now. They were few to start with, but increased in number in the succeeding rounds.
There was a time in the third round corresponding to the descent of the manasaputras
in the fourth round, a time corresponding to the arrival of sex on earth, and a time
corresponding to the disappearance of sex later in this round.

The fifth round will see the full development of manas (mind), the sixth of buddhi
(intuitive wisdom), and the seventh of atman (the inner divinity). If we make the grade
successfully, we shall become buddhas at the end of the sixth round, and dhyani-
chohans at the end of the seventh. We shall then have an ovoid form, of refined spiritual
substance, like a garment of dazzling light. At the end of the planetary manvantara, the
lower principles of the earth chain will die and disintegrate, and a long pralaya or
planetary rest period will ensue. After this period of nirvana, we shall become the guides
of the humanity and lower entities on the next embodiment of the earth chain.

Before the last pralaya, our monads had been evolving on the former embodiment of
the earth, which is now our moon. On the moon chain, our present lower human
monads were animal monads. At the end of the seventh round of evolution on the earth-
chain, our lower human monads will have become higher human monads (manasic or
manasaputric monads), and will embody in the lowest of the dhyani-chohanic kingdoms
on the following embodiment of the earth-chain. In future manvantaras they will become
spiritual monads and finally divine monads. They will then have completed the
evolutionary journey from unselfconscious god-spark to selfconscious god but only as
regards our earth chain. In the far distant future, our divine monads will pursue a similar
evolutionary pilgrimage on other planetary chains, in other solar systems, other
galaxies, etc., for in the boundless fields of infinitude there are always new worlds of
experience in which to become selfconscious masters of life.

Main sources:

H.P. Blavatsky, The Secret Doctrine, esp. vol. 2, part 1

G. de Purucker, The Esoteric Tradition, 304-39, 466-9, 1044-50
G. de Purucker, Man in Evolution, 79-116, 140-52, 198-204, 231-46
G. de Purucker, Fundamentals of the Esoteric Philosophy, 408-10
G. de Purucker, Studies in Occult Philosophy, 87-101, 120-8, 160-6, 183-96, 260-2,
282-4, 287, 333-6
G. de Purucker, Fountain-Source of Occultism, 163-8, 240-2, 350-60
Dialogues of G. de Purucker, 1:75, 93-5; 2:194-9, 235-47, 290-2; 3:48-9, 173-90, 361-2,
408-15, 437-40

by David Pratt. May 1999. Last revised: Jul 2012.

Root-race chronology
 Rounds and manvantaras: an outline

Geochronology: theosophy and science

Origin of mind

Human origins: the ape-ancestry myth

Evolution and design

Homepage