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CE-341 Hydrology

(Abstractions from precipitation)


Note: The following problems are compiled for exercise purpose only.
1. A reservoir had an average surface area of 20 km2 during June 1982. In that month the mean
rate of inflow=10m3/s, mean outflow=15 m3/s, monthly rainfall= 10 cm and change in
storage= 16106 m3. Assuming the seepage losses to be 1.8 cm, estimate the evaporation in
that month.
2. Calculate by the energy balance method the evaporation rate from an open water surface, if
the net radiation is 200 W/m 2 and the air temperature is 25 0C, assume no sensible heat or
ground flux.
3. Calculate the evaporation rate from an open water surface using Thornthwaite and Holzman
equation for air and water temperature 25 0C, relative humidity 40%, air pressure 101.3 kPa,
and wind speed 3 m/s measured at height 2 m above the water surface. Assume a roughness
height equal to 0.03 cm.
4. Using the data given in Q. 2, calculate the evaporation rate by Meyerss and Rohwers
equations.
5. Using Penman method, calculate the consumptive use of paddy for the month of July for the
following data. Wind velocity recorded at 4 m height = 80 km/day; elevation of the place=140
m; relative humidity=80%; Mean monthly water and air temperature 20 0C and 240C,
respectively, latitude=20.50 N., Mean monthly daily sunshine hours = 9h.
6. Using data of Q.4, calculate the volume of water evaporated from a lake having water
surface area of 900 m2 (use Penmans equation).
7. Estimate the PET for wheat, grown in an area having latitude 32.5 0N with growing period
from Nov to Feb., using Blaney-Criddle equation.
Month Monthly
Temperature oC
Nov. 19.0
Dec. 16.0
Jan. 12.5
Feb. 13.0
8. The rates of rainfall for successive 30 min. for a period of 210 min. storm are 3.5, 4.0, 12.0,
8.5, 4.5, 4.5 and 3.0 cm/hr. If the runoff is 8.0 cm and effective surface retention is 1.0 cm
estimate -index and W-index.
9. For a given basin, the amount of precipitation in 1st, IInd and IIIrd hour are 4.5 cm, 5 cm and
3 cm respectively. The Hortons equation of infiltration for the basin is f (cm/hr)=1.2+3.3e-
12t
, where t is in hour. Calculate the total runoff. Also find the -index.
10. The measured values of infiltration rate in a infiltrometer test are as follows:
Time (h) 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2
Infiltration rate (cm/h)5.6 3.2 2.1 1.5 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0
Estimate the parameters of Hortons and Phillips equations for infiltration and compare the
computed rate of infiltration by developed equations with the observed one.

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