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Contents
1 Aim 2
2 Objectives 2
3 Procedure 2
3.1 General procedure for on-site air and noise monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
3.2 Detailed procedure for air and noise monitoring using the equipment . . . . . . 3
3.2.1 Particulate air monitoring equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3.2.2 Air quality monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3.2.3 Sound meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
4 Results 5
4.1 Air monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4.2 Sound monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
6 Conclusion 10
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Assignment 2 HEC4842 Environmental Engineering
1 Aim
The aim of the field monitoring is to monitor the air and noise quality within the monitoring
area peak and off-peak hours with industrial as well as traffic activities as the main pollutant
source.
2 Objectives
1. To conduct on-site monitoring and assessment of the ambient air quality conditions and
noise.
2. To determine the air quality and noise level based on limits provided in relevant guidelines.
3. To compare the on-site air quality and noise level between peak and off-peak industrial
hours.
3 Procedure
4. At each monitoring location, the monitoring the air and noise quality readings to approx-
imately 5 minutes.
5. Only one set of readings were collected from each monitoring location.
6. Steps 1 to 5 were repeated for the off-peak session monitoring from 3.00 p.m to 4.00 p.m.
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Assignment 2 HEC4842 Environmental Engineering
3.2 Detailed procedure for air and noise monitoring using the equip-
ment
3.2.1 Particulate air monitoring equipment
1. For the 8 monitoring locations, the particulate air monitoring equipment was used to
measure the on-site TSP (dust).
2. The equipment was turned on by pressing the POWER 1 button at the monitoring
location.
3. The monitoring range was set between 0 to 20 by pressing the RANGE 0 - 20 button
for the measurement of low range dust level.
4. Before the readings was taken, the equipment was then allowed to stabilise.
6. The equipment was then turned off by pressing the 0 button before proceeding to the
next monitoring location.
8. Steps 1 to 7 were then carried out again for the off-peak session in the evening.
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Assignment 2 HEC4842 Environmental Engineering
2. The equipment was turned on by pressing the MENU button and then allowed to
stabilize waiting for it to load from 0 to 100%.
3. The measurement readings of the ambient air parameters were displayed on the screen of
the equipment were then displayed after the equipment stabilized.
4. The equipment was held away from the operator to reduce the amount of exhalants
excreted by the operator through breathing during the monitoring.
5. The equipment was switched off by pressing the MENU button again after recording
the required parameters.
7. Steps 1 to 7 where then carried out again for the off peak session in the evening.
2. At the monitoring location, the equipment was turned on by pressing the button.
4. The measurements were taken within a period of 5 minutes during the monitoring.
5. The equipment was turned on by pressing the button after recording the noise levels.
7. Steps 1 to 6 where then carried out again for the off peak session in the evening.
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Assignment 2 HEC4842 Environmental Engineering
4 Results
Industrial operations is the main source of air and noise pollution in the monitoring area. The
Malaysian ambient air quality guidelines is the basis of determination of the air quality of all
the monitoring locations. CO, NO2 and SO2 are all compared with the provided limit with an
average time of an hour. TSP is compared with the provided limit with an average time of an
24 hours. The planning guidelines for environmental noise limits and control was used as the
basis of determination of noise quality of all the monitoring locations.
Note:
indicates that the value is within the limit suggested by the guideline;
x indicates that the limit suggested by the guideline is exceeded.
Table 2: Recorded monitoring results for location 1 (Malaysian Ambient Air Quality Guidelines
2015).
Recorded monitoring results
Parameters Units Limits
Peak industrial hour Off-Peak industrial hour
3
TSP g/m 260.0 4980 x 4690 x
CO2 ppm - 186 - 180 -
CO ppm 30.0 0 0
NO2 ppm 0.17 0 0
SO2 ppm 0.13 1.2 x 0.8 x
CH4 % - 0 - 0 -
Temperature C - 36 - 33 -
Relative humidity % - 55 - 72 -
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Assignment 2 HEC4842 Environmental Engineering
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Assignment 2
4.2 Sound monitoring
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Assignment 2 HEC4842 Environmental Engineering
The lowest mean level of noise, 59.5 dBa in the peak industrial hour and 47.6 dBa in off-peak
industrial hour were obtained at location 2. The highest mean level of noise, 75.1 dBa in the
peak traffic hour and 45.1 dBa in off-peak traffic hour were obtained at location 6. The lowest
mean level of noise, 50.8 dBa in the peak traffic hour and 40.5 dBa in off-peak traffic hour
were obtained at location 5. The noise levels in the peak hours were generally higher than
the levels in the off-peak hours in all locations. This observation could be credited to high
wind speeds just before the rain. It was observed that noise measurements were done outside
the industrial area (along the road) and within the communities. The levels got are along
these lines credited to human activities including discussions, cars and musical sound systems
(Evaluation of Ambient Air quality in parts of Imo state, Nigeria). The highest level of noise
measured in the industrial area for both peak and off-peak hours is below the permissible limit
of 70 dBa and 60 dBa respectively and therefore do not call for serious environmental and
human concern. For the peak traffic hours, location 5 is below the permissible noise limit of 65
dBa while locations 6, 7 and 8 are above the permissible noise limit of 65 dBa and therefore
call for serious environmental and human concern. Traffic locations 5, 6, 7 and 8 are below
the permissible noise limit of 60 dBa for off-peak hours and therefore do not call for serious
environmental and human concern. Nose pollution is a genuine open issue that can without
much of a stretch upset a basic line of reasoning. Drawn out presentation to a noise level of
around 85 dBa as a rule results in loss of hearing (NIDCD 2015). Prolonged equivalent daily
exposures of at least 85 dBa contribute to increased blood pressure and hypertension (Ismaila
2014). Loss of hearing because of introduction to noise can similarly prompt tinnitus that is,
humming in the ear while sleep deprivation and tiring can likewise be brought about by noise
exposure.
6 Conclusion
The quality of air in the study area is poor indicating pollution as pollution the concentrations
of the air pollutants such as TSP and SO2 exceeded permissible limits and therefore pose serious
environmental and health problems in the area.
Air contamination is something that we cant generally disregard now. There is concrete
confirmation connecting air contamination with mortality and bleakness in the all inclusive
community, harm to general wellbeing with unfavorable impacts packed in urban zones both
in created and creating nations, expansive scope of antagonistic wellbeing impacts influencing
both the respiratory and the cardiovascular system which are seen in both short-term and long
haul exposures.
Air pollutants are presently known be the fast drivers of environmental change. Findings of
the study showed that measured levels of CO, NO2 were all within acceptable ranges whereas
SO2 and TSP were quite high and above regulatory limits in all sampling areas.
Surpassed permissible limits points pose genuine ecological and wellbeing issues in the area.
The ground level concentration coming about because of industrial and traffic were variable as
per the meteorological/climate conditions were prominent at the time.
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Assignment 2 HEC4842 Environmental Engineering
References
Bhatia, S.C. (2006). Environmental Chemistry (PB). CBS Publishers & Distributors. isbn:
9788123908267. url: https://books.google.com.my/books?id=HlJPPgAACAAJ.
Gobo, AE et al. (2013). Assessment of Air Quality and Noise around Okrika Communities,
Rivers State, Nigeria. In: Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management
16.1, pp. 7583.
Ibe, FC et al. Evaluation of Ambient Air quality in parts of Imo state, Nigeria. In: Research
Journal of Chemical Sciences ISSN 2231,
p. 606X.
Ismaila, Salami Olasunkanmi (2014). Noise exposure as a factor in the increase of blood pressure
of workers in a sack manufacturing industry. url: http : / / www . sciencedirect . com /
science/article/pii/S231485351400033X.
Malaysian Ambient Air Quality Guidelines (2015). url: http://www.gunungganang.com.my/
pdf/Malaysian-Policies-Standards-Guidelines/Guidelines/Malaysian%20Ambient%
20Air%20Quality%20Guidelines.pdf.
NIDCD (2015). Noise-Induced Hearing Loss. url: https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/
noise-induced-hearing-loss.
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Assignment 2 HEC4842 Environmental Engineering
Malaysia Guidelines
Pollutant Averaging Time
ppm ( ug/m3)
1 hour 0.10 200.0
Ozone
8 hour 0.06 120.0
1 hour 30.0 35.0
Carbon Monoxide (CO) **
8 hour 9.0 -
1 hour 0.17 320.0
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)
24 hour 0.04 10.0
1 hour 0.13 350.0
Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)
24 hour 0.04 105.0
24 hour 150.0
Particulate Matter (PM10) -
12 month 50.0
24 hour 260.0
Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) -
12 month 90.0
Note: ** mg/m3
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