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InterviewQ&A
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HiChemicalengineers,
Pleasevisitwww.chemicaljobs.in(hp://www.chemicaljobs.in)formoreandelaboratechemicalengineeringinterviewquestions&
answers,Technicalcontentandmanyhotjobs..Thanksforyourcooperation.Pleasesharetomaximumfriendsaspossiblesothat
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Chemicaljobsteam
1)Whentousedoublepipeheatexchangerandshellandtubeheatexchanger?
Doublepipeheatexchangersareusedwhentheheattransferareaissmallsayupto14m2.Ifweconnecttheminseriestoincreasethe
heattransferareaitwillrequiremuchspaceaswellthepressuredropwillbehigherduetomoreings.Alsowecantincreasenoof
passesforeithersideuids.ThedoublepipeHEcantbeusedfordirtyuidsduetochokingandcleaningistougher.Theadvantageis
itissimpletoconstructandeasytooperate.
ButinshellandtubeHE,wecanpackalargeheattransferareawithinasmallvolume.Asthenumbersoftubesaremoreinashelland
tubeHE,wecanexpectahigherturbulencewhichwillresultinhigherheattransferrates.Dirtyuidsalsocanbehandledowingto
easycleaning.
2)WhatisBiotNo?
BiotNoisadimensionlessNodenedasBi=hL/kb(Nounit).h=convectiveheattransfercoecient(unitisW/m2K)
L=characteristiclength(Volumeofthebody/surfaceareaofthebodyunitismetre)
kb=thermalconductivityofthebody(W/mK)
Itistheratiobetweenconductiveheattransferwithinabodytothatofconvectiveheattransferawayfromthebody.Ifitisaboveone
meansconvectionismoreandlessthanonemeansconductionismore.
3)Whatshouldbethepressuretobetakenforpipeandreactorbeforeputinservice?
Forpipesthetestpressureshouldbedoubletheproposedapplicationpressureandforreactorstestpressureshouldbe1.5timesthe
reactionpressure.Itmeansifwewishtosubjectapipeto10barwehavetodopressuretestingat20barswhereasforthereactorit
wouldbe15bars.
4)WhichliquidshouldbeonshellsideofashellandtubeHEandwhy?
Eventhoughtherearenostrictconditionsonthisthefollowingpointsaretakenintoconsiderationnormally.1)Thecorrosive
uidshallpassthroughthetubesideasthereplacementoftubesiseasierandcheaperthanshellside2)Thetoxic,hazardousuid
shallpassthroughtubeside.Becauseincaseofanyleakageitwontgetexposedtoatmosphere.
5)HowwecanndleakageinanytubeinshellandtubeHE?
WehavetoremovethebonnetsofleftandrightsideoftheHE.Wehavetoforcealiquidthrotheshellsidewithhighpressure.Itwill
penetratetheleakedtubeandcomeoutviathesametube.Thuswecanndtheleakage.
6)Whatisthedierencebetweenvaporandgas?
Avaporisformedbyheatinganyliquidanditcanbecondensedatatmosphericconditionseitherbyreducingtemperatureorbe
increasingpressure.Butagashasalreadyabovethecriticaltemperatureandcantbecondensedbyapplicationofabovemethods.First
ithastobebroughtbelowcriticaltemperature.Thenonlyitcanbecondensed.
7)Whatisthedierencebetweenevaporationandboiling?
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ithastobebroughtbelowcriticaltemperature.Thenonlyitcanbecondensed.
7)Whatisthedierencebetweenevaporationandboiling?
Evaporationhappensatanytemperaturewhereasboilingoccursonlyatasingletemperatureforasinglecomponentlikewater.For
examplethewateratseasurfaceevaporateseveryday.Itmayhappeneitherat300Cor350C,whereaswaterboilsonlyat1000Cwhen
thevaporpressurebecomesequaltoatmosphericpressure.
8)Whythehotliquidinheatexchanger,reactorjacketshouldowfromboomtotop?
Ifwepasstheliquidfromtoptoboom,itwillowfastbygravityitself.Soitwillhavelesscontacttimewiththeheat
exchanger/reactorsurfacewhichwillresultinpoorheattransfer.Thatswhythehotuidshouldbepassedfromboomtotopto
maximizethecontacttime.Thesameisapplicableforcolduidalsoinreactors
9)Whysteamenterstopsideofjacketinreactor?
Ifwepassthesteamfromboomsidethecondensatethatisformedafterlosingtheheatwonthaveacomfortablepassagetogetoutof
thesystem.Inturntheenteringsteamwillstarttoheatthereturningcondensateratherthanheatingthereactorsurface.Thatswhywe
havetopassitfromthetop.
10)Whenweneedpumpsinparallelandpumpsinseries?
Ifweneedahigherdischargeow(Q)wehavetogoforpumpsinparallelarrangement.Ifweneedahigherhead(H)weneedtogofor
pumpsinseries.Formoredetailspleasereadthebelowarticle.
Pumpsinparallelandseries(hps://chemicaljobs.les.wordpress.com/2012/09/pumpsinparallel
andseries.pdf)
11)Whentousegearpumps?
Whenweneedtohandlehighviscousliquidsweneedgearpumpsastheydeliverahigherdischargepressure(evenupto200bars)
thancentrifugalpumps.Theyareusedtopumppaints,resins,adhesives,pitch.diesel,crudeoiletc.Theyarepositivedisplacement
pumps.
12)Pleasegiveacomparisonbetweenoricemeterandventurimeter?
1)Theoriceplatecaneasilybechangedtoaccommodatewidelydierentowrates,whereasthethroatdiameterofaventuriisxed,
sothatitsrangeofowratesiscircumscribedbythepracticallimitsofDp.
2)Theoricemeterhasalargepermanentlossofpressurebecauseofthepresenceofeddiesonthedownstreamsideoftheoriceplate;
theshapeoftheventurimeterpreventstheformationoftheseeddiesandgreatlyreducesthepermanentloss.
3)Theoriceischeapandeasytoinstall.Theventurimeterisexpensive,asitmustbecarefullyproportionedandfabricated.Ahome
madeoriceisoftenentirelysatisfactory,whereasaventurimeterispracticallyalwayspurchasedfromaninstrumentdealer.
4)Ontheotherhand,theheadlostintheoriceforthesameconditionsasintheventuriismanytimesgreater.Thepowerlostis
proportionallygreater,and,whenanoriceisinsertedinalinecarryinguidcontinuouslyoverlongperiodsoftime,thecostofthe
powermaybeoutofallproportiontothesavinginrstcost.Oricesarethereforebestusedfortestingpurposesorothercaseswhere
thepowerlostisnotafactor,asinsteamlines.
5)However,inspiteofconsiderationsofpowerloss,oricesarewidelyused,partlybecauseoftheirgreaterexibility,because
installinganeworiceplatewithadierentopeningisasimplermaer.Theventurimetercannotbesoaltered.Venturimetersare
usedonlyforpermanentinstallations.
6)Itshouldbenotedthatforagivenpipediameterandagivendiameteroforiceopeningorventurithroat,thereadingoftheventuri
meterforagivenvelocityistothereadingoftheoriceas(0.61/0.98)2,or1:2.58.(i.e.oricemeterwillshowhighermanometerreading
foragivenvelocitythanventurimeter).
(Courtesy:hp://www.msubbu.in/ln/fm/UnitIII/VenturiOrice.htm(hp://www.msubbu.in/ln/fm/UnitIII/VenturiOrice.htm)))
13)Whycentrifugalpumpsarewidelyusedinprocessindustriesthanpositivedisplacementpumps
Centrifugalpumpsatewidelyusedinprocessindustries.Because
1)Theyaresimpletoconstructandoperate
2)Installationandmaintenanceareeasy
3)Casingcanbemadeofupvarietyofmaterials
4)Noisefreeoperation
5)Noneedofsafetyvalveatdischargesideincaseofsinglestagecentrifugalpumps
6)Canhandlevarietyofliquids.TheimpellerMOCcanbealteredaccordingly.
14)Givebriefclassicationofhandlingpumps
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14)Givebriefclassicationofhandlingpumps
ClickontheimagetoEnlarge
(hps://chemicaljobs.les.wordpress.com/2012/09/clip_image002.jpg)
15)Whatissurgingincompressorsandhowitcanbeprevented?
Incentrifugalandaxialcompressorswhenthesuctionvolumefallsbelowacertainlimiti.e.whenthecompressorisnotgeing
enoughvolumeofgastocompress,thegasfromdischargesidewillowbacktothecompressor(whichwouldreducethespeedof
compressor)andjointogetherwiththesuctionsidetoincreasethevolumeinput.Thereafterthespeedofcompressorpicksanditcome
tonormaloperation.Butmeanwhilesuchrevereinowwillcrosshugepressuregradientacrossthecompressorandvibrationthus
maydamagetheimpeller.Thismomentaryreverseowlapsesforveryshorttime
Topreventsurgingweneedtoinstallanantisurgingsystem.Theantisurgingsystemshallhaveamechanismtomeasurethesuction
owanddischargeowtimetotimealongwithacontrolvalve.Whenthesuctionvolumefallsbelowacertainsetvalueapartof
dischargegaswillbedirectedtowardsthesuctiontomaintaintheminimumsuctionvolume.Asnormallycompressionleadsto
increaseintemperaturethegasrecyclesistakenaftertheaftercoolertoensurethedischargetemperatureiswithincontrol.
16)Dierentiatecompressors,fansandblowers?
Fans,blowersandcompressorsaredierentiatedbasedonthemethodusedtomovetheairandspecicratio(specicratio=discharge
pressure/suctionpressure).AspertheAmericanSocietyofMechanicalEngineers(ASME)thecompressionrationforfansisupto1.11,
blowers1.11to1.2andforcompressorsabove1.2
17)WhatisthedierencebetweenHAZOPandHAZAN?
HAZOP(hazardandoperability
HAZAN(hazardanalysis)
studies)
Identieshazards Assesseshazards
Preferredtechniqueusedonevery
Selectivetechniqueusewhenothersfails
project
Qualitative Quantitative
Donebyateam Donebyoneortwopeople
AlsocalledRiskanalysis,RiskassessmentProbabilisticriskassessment(PRA)Quantitativerisk
Alsocalledwhatif
assessment(QRA)
Courtesy:HazopandHazanByTrevorA.Kle
18)WhyweuseLMTDtocalculateoverallheattransfercoecientinshellandtubethanarithmeticaverage?
Inaheatexchangertheheatbeinglostbythehotuidaswellastheheatgainedbythecolduidisnotlinear.Soweneedto
uselogarithmicaveragethanarithmeticaveragetocalculatecorrectvalueofoverallheattransfercoecient.
19)Whatshouldbethepackingsizeinpackedcolumns?
Thesizeofpackingshouldbeapproximately1/8thoftheinternaldiameterofpackedcolumnforoptimumpressuredrop
20)Whentouseabsorptionfactormethodtocalculatenoofplates?
IftheoperatingdatalineandequilibriumlineintheMccabethielemethodrunsparallelthenooftheoreticalplateswouldbeinnite.
Soitwouldbeimpossibletondthenoofplatesasthebothwonttouchatanypoint.Soweneedabsorptionfactormethodwhereinno
oftheoreticalplatescanbefoundbyFenskeequation.
21)Howtoconvertppmintopercentage?
Wehavetodivideby104tofortheppmtogetconvertedtopercentage.Toconvertpercentagetoppmwehavetomultiplyby104.
Howtocalculate?
ppm(partspermillion)meansoutofmillioni.e.outof106
Percentagemeansoutof100ieoutof102
LetusassumewehavetoconvertXppmintopercentage
106partsofsubstanceishavingxpartsofacomponent
102partsofthesubstancewouldhave(102*X)/106=X/104
22)WhatisTLV(thresholdlimitvalue)?
ThethresholdlimitvaluewassetbyAmericanConferenceofGovernmentalindustrialHygienists,Inc(ACGIH)whichisdenedasthe
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ThethresholdlimitvaluewassetbyAmericanConferenceofGovernmentalindustrialHygienists,Inc(ACGIH)whichisdenedasthe
levelofconcentrationofachemicalsubstanceinwhichaworkercanworkwithoutanunreasonableriskofdiseaseorinjury.Itcanbe
expressedinppmormg/m3.
ForexampletheTLVofchlorineforan8hrsworkdayis0.5ppmor1.5mg/m3.
Whichindicatesaworkercanworkwithoutanyunreasonableriskofdiseaseorinjuryfor8hoursifandonlythechlorineconcentration
inhis/hervicinityiswithin0.5ppm.
23)Whatiscriticalinsulationthicknessforpipes?
Weknowthatbyaddingmoreinsulationtoawallalwaysdecreasesheattransfer.Thethickertheinsulation,thelowertheheattransfer
rate.Thisisexpected,sincetheheattransferareaAisconstant,andaddinginsulationalwaysincreasesthethermalresistanceofthe
wallwithoutaectingtheconvectionresistance.
Addinginsulationtoacylindricalpieceorasphericalshell,however,isadierentmaer.Theadditionalinsulationincreasesthe
conductionresistanceoftheinsulationlayerbutdecreasestheconvectionresistanceofthesurfacebecauseoftheincreaseintheouter
surfaceareaforconvection.Theheattransferfromthepipemayincreaseordecrease,dependingonwhicheectdominates.
Consideracylindricalpipeofouterradiusr1whoseoutersurfacetemperatureT1ismaintainedconstant.Thepipeisnowinsulated
withamaterialwhosethermalconductivityiskandouterradiusisr2.Heatislostfromthepipetothesurroundingmediumat
temperatureTwithaconvectionheattransfercoecienth.Therateofheattransferfromtheinsulatedpipetothesurroundingair
canbeexpressedas
Thevalueofr2atwhichheattransferratereachesmaximumisdeterminedfromtherequirementthat(zeroslope).Performingthe
dierentiationandsolvingforr2yieldsthecriticalradiusofinsulationforacylindricalbodytobe
rcr,cylinder=k/h
Notethatthecriticalradiusofinsulationdependsonthethermalconductivityoftheinsulationkandtheexternalconvectionheat
transfercoecienth.Therateofheattransferfromthecylinderincreaseswiththeadditionofinsulationforr2<rcr,reachesamaximum
whenr2=rcr,andstartstodecreaseforr2>rcr.Thus,insulatingthepipemayactuallyincreasetherateofheattransferfromthepipe
insteadofdecreasingitwhenr2<rcr.
Coutesy:IITBSource
(hp://www.cdeep.iitb.ac.in/nptel/Mechanical/Heat%20and%20Mass%20Transfer/Conduction/Module%202/main/2.6.4.html)
24)Whatisprimingincentrifugalpumps?
Primingisatechniqueusedtodriveawaytheairentrappedinthesuctionlineofacentrifugalpump.Iftheairpresentinthesuction
linearenotremovedthepumpwontbeabletosucktheliquidfromthereservoirasairislightermediumwhereasliquidisheavier
medium.Sothewholesuctionlineandthepartofcasingislledwithwaterandtheairisremovedviatheairvent.Alsoifairis
allowedtoentertotheimpellertheywilldamagetheimpellerbyashing(cavitation).
Normallycavitationwontoccurinpumpwhichiscontinuouslyinserviceasthereisalilechancefortheairtogetintothesuction
line.
Anotheranswerfrommcnallyinstituteisasfollows
Unlikeapositivedisplacementpumpthatcanpumpaliquidtoanyheadaslongasthepumpbodyisstrongenough,andthereis
enoughhorsepoweravailable,thecentrifugalpumpcanonlypumpaliquidtoitsratedhead.Youllrecallthatthisheadwas
determinedby,andlimitedtothediameteroftheimpellerandtheimpellerspeed(rpm.)
Sincetheweightofwaterisapproximately8000timesthatofair(50milesvs.34feetor80Km.vs.10meters)thecentrifugalpumpcan
produceonly1/8000ofitsratedliquidpressure.Inotherwords,foreveryonefootwaterhastoberaisedtoprimethepump,the
centrifugalpumpmustproduceadischargeheadofapproximately8000feet(eachmeterrequiresaheadof8000meters)andthatis
impossiblewithconventionalimpellerdiametersandspeeds.
Allofthismeansthatifyouintendtouseacentrifugalpumpyouregoingtohavetocomeupwithsomesensiblemethodofprimingit.
Yourchoiceswillinclude:
a)Installafootvalveinthesuctionpipingtoinsuretheliquidwillnotdrainfromthepumpcasingandsuctionpipingwhenthepump
stops.Keepinmindthatthesevalveshaveanastyhabitofleaking.
b)Evacuatetheairinthesystemwithapositivedisplacementprimingpumpoperatingbetweenthepumpandacloseddischarge
valve.
c)Fillthepumpwithliquidpriortostartingit.
d)Converttheapplicationtoaselfprimingpumpthatmaintainsareservoirofliquidatitssuction.
Courtesy:hp://www.mcnallyinstitute.com/06html/606.html(hp://www.mcnallyinstitute.com/06html/606.html)
Subquestion:Isprimingneededifthereservoirislocatedabovethepumplevel?
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Courtesy:hp://www.mcnallyinstitute.com/06html/606.html(hp://www.mcnallyinstitute.com/06html/606.html)
Subquestion:Isprimingneededifthereservoirislocatedabovethepumplevel?
No.becausealreadythesuctionlinewouldbelledwithliquid.
25)WhyPDpumpsneedsafetyvalveatdischargesidewhereasacentrifugalpumpdoesntneedit?
Becausethepositivedisplacementpumpscreateahigherdischargepressure.(Evenupto200bars)Incasebymistakethedischarge
valveisclosedthehigherdeliverysidepressurewilldamagethedischargelineandthepumpitself.Toavoidweneedasafetyvalve
whichmayrecycleaportionofliquidfromdeliverysidetothereservoir.
26)Whysteamejectorsarelocatedabove10.33metersonly(or)WhatisBarometricleg?
Whensteamejectorsareinoperationahighervacuumiscreatedinsidethesystem.Ifthesystemcomesindirectcontactwith
atmospheretheatmosphericairwouldenterthesystemandbreakthevacuum.Soweusewaterasaseal.Butwateralsowillbesucked
bythevacuumtoaheightof10.33meterswhichisknownasBarometricleg.Ifthesteamejectoriskeptbelow10.33metersthe
barometriclegwouldbeunstableandwaterwillenterthesystem.(10.33Metersofwater=760mmofHg)
N.B:Thebarometriclineshouldbestraighttoensureaperfectvacuum.
27)Whatisthesizeofnozzleinsteamejectors?
Onetothreemillimetersdiameters.
28)WhySteamejectorsareusedinseries?
Ifthesystemunderwhichvacuumneededislargei.e.ifwehavetosucklargevolumeofvaporsfromthesystemasingleejectorcant
handletheentireload.Soweneedmoreejectorsinseries.
Subquestion:Whyanintercondenserisneededbetweentwostagesofejectors?
Inintercondenserthevaporfromaparticularstageiscooledandthustheloadtothenextstageisreduced.Onlytheincondensable(the
partofvaporthatcantbecondensed)movetothenextstagewhichwouldleavethesystemalongwithnextstagecondensedvapor.
29)WhatisMSDS?
AMSDS(materialsafetydatasheet)isasheetwhichgivesallinformationsuchasphysical,chemicalpropertiesofthechemical
beinghandled,TLV,antidote,safetyprecautions,reextinguishertypetobeusedetc.Everyonewhohandlesachemicalsubstance
shouldbewellawareoftheMSDSofthatparticularproduct.
30)Whatistheroleofcasingincentrifugalpumps?
Thecasingisdesignedinsuchmanneritscrosssectionareaincreasesfromthesideofentryofliquidi.e.theliquidentersinasmall
crosssectionandmovesalonghighercrosssection.Duetothatthepartofitskineticenergyisconvertedintopressureenergy.
31)WhatisthedierencebetweenPFDandPID?
ThePFD(processowdiagram)givesuspictureaboutstagesoftheprocess.ButthePID(processinstrumentationdiagram)showsus
thelocationofvalves,pumps,compressors,utilitiesetcintheprocess.
32)WhatistheMOCofHE?
Thematerialofconstructionofheatexchangerdependsuponthepropertiesoftheliquid/vaporbeinghandled,pressureand
temperatureconditionsetc.Normallyusedmaterialsarecarbonsteel,stainlesssteel,nickel,nickelalloysorotherspecialalloys.
33)Whyearthingdoneinreactors?
Togroundthestaticelectricitythatmaybeproducedinthereactorduetoreaction.
34)WhySSarenotcorrosive?
TheSS(stainlesssteel)containssomepercentageofchromium.Thechromiumreactswithoxygen(whichispresentinair)toformCr2O
whichpreventsfurtheroxygentoreactwithIron(Fe)ofSStoformrust.
35)Whenvacuumdistillationisneeded?
Incaseifthesubstancebeingdistilledmaydegradebeforeitreachesitsboilingpointwehavetoboilitalowertemperaturethanits
boilingtemperature.Thatswhyweneedvacuumdistillation.
36)Whatistheuseofplateeciencyindistillationcolumn?
Plateeciencyinplatecolumnisusedtoconvertthetheoreticalnumberofplatesintoactualnumberplates.Asanyplatecantperform
idealwehavetomultiplyitseciencywiththeoreticalnoofplatestogetactualplatesrequired.
37)Whatwouldbeimpactifweincreaseanddecreasethesizeofpackinginpackedcolumn?
Increaseinsizeofpackingwillgivelowermasstransferrateandlowerpressuredrop.Decreaseinpackingsizewillleadtohigher
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Increaseinsizeofpackingwillgivelowermasstransferrateandlowerpressuredrop.Decreaseinpackingsizewillleadtohigher
pressuredropandhighmasstransferrates.
38)Whytangentialentryincycloneseparators?
Ifthedustladengasentersstraightlyinsidethecycloneseparatoritwontacquireswirlmotion.Onlytangentialentrysetsupsuch
swirlmotion(centrifugalforce)duetowhichseparationofsolidgasisachieved.
39)Whentousegatevalveandglobe,ball?
GatevalveOnopurpose
GlobevalveThrolingpurpose
BallvalveOnopurposewithquickeraction
40)WhenextendedsurfaceHEisrequired?
Whenthetemperaturedierencebetweentwouidsislesstoachievehigherheattransferratewemayhavetoincreasetheexternal
surfacearea.Thatswhyweneedextendedsurfaceheatexchangers.
41)Howliquidnitrogenissavedintanks?
Nitrogenisavailableinliquidformaftercompression.Ifitisexposedtoatmospheredirectlyorcomesincontactwithheatitwould
ash(evaporate).Soweneedtoprotectthenitrogenstoragefromtheoutsidetemperature.Theboilingpointofnitrogenis195.8oC.To
achievethatitisstoredinaninsidevesselwithanoutervesselsurroundingit.Theannularspacebetweenthetwovesselsisevacuated
toensuretheoutsidetemperaturewontenterinsideasnomediumisthere.Thismethodissimilartowhatweseeinathermosask
42)Inwhichtypeofcondensation(Filmtype,dropwise)heattransferwouldbehigher?
Indropwisecondensationthedropsformedwillfallandthenewsteamthatenterswillndanewsurfacetocontact,andtotransfer
heat.Butinlmtypecondensationalmwillbeformedonthetubewallwhichwillpreventthefreshsteamtocontactthetubesurface.
Sonaturallydropwiseheattransferwillbehigher.
43)Whatistheuseofbaesinheatexchangers?
Baesinstalledinaheatexchangeractsasanobstructionintheowpathofshellsideliquid.Itreducestheeectivecrosssectionarea
throughwhichtheliquidtravels.Duetothisthevelocityandturbulenceofliquidisincreasedthusresultinginhighheattransfer.
44)Whybaesareusedinreactors?
Thepurposeofbaesinreactorsiassameasthatofheatexchangers.Herealso
theyincreaseturbulencethuscausinghigherrateofheattransfer,mixingthusultimatelyreactionrate.
45)BoththeNusseltnumberandtheBiotnumberhavethesameform.Whatarethedierencesbetweenthemintermsofthe
variablesemployedandtheirphysicalsignicance?
BoththeBiotnumberandtheNusseltnumberareoftheform(hL/k).However,fortheBiotnumber,thethermalconductivitykusedis
thatforthesolid;forcalculatingNusseltnumberthekvalueasthatoftheuid.TheBiotnumberisameasureoftheratioofthe
temperaturedropinthesolidmaterialandthetemperaturedropbetweenthesolidandtheuid.TheNusseltnumberisa
dimensionlessversionofthetemperaturegradientatthesurfacebetweentheuidandthesolid,anditthusprovidesameasureofthe
convectionoccurringfromthesurface.
Courtesy:hp://research.me.udel.edu/advani/teaching/s98_me302_review.htm
(hp://research.me.udel.edu/advani/teaching/s98_me302_review.htm)
46)WhatarethecolorcodesforcylindersofOxygen,Carbondioxide,andChlorine?
OxygenWhite
CarbondioxideGrey
ChlorineYellow
Formoredetailsindepth
1)SourceOne
(hp://www.airproducts.co.uk/cylindergases/pdf/Cylinder%20colour%20coding%20identication%20chart%20and%20information.pdf)
2)SourceTwo(hp://www.siad.com/docs/gas%20industriali_2011_web_uk_ok.pdf)
47)Pleaseprovidethecolorcodingofpipelinesinprocessindustries.
Pleasereferthefollowingle
hp://www.scribd.com/doc/40068469/ColorCodesforPipeLines(hp://www.scribd.com/doc/40068469/ColorCodesforPipeLines) 6/9
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hp://www.scribd.com/doc/40068469/ColorCodesforPipeLines(hp://www.scribd.com/doc/40068469/ColorCodesforPipeLines)
48)Whatisthedierencebetweenfoulingandscaling?
Foulingiscausedbythecollectionofloosedebrisoverpumpsuctionscreensinsumpsorgrowthofalgaeinsunlitareaswhilescaling
isdepositingofdissolvedmineralsonequipmentsurfaces(Source:wiki.answers)
49)Whatisdrybulbtemperature,wetbulbtemperature?
Drybulbisthetemperatureofambientairmeasuredbythermometer.ItiscalledDrybulbtemperaturebecausethetemperature
shownbythermometerisnotaectedbythemoisturecontentoftheair.
TheWetBulbtemperatureisthetemperatureofadiabaticsaturation.Thisisthetemperatureindicatedbyamoistenedthermometer
bulbexposedtotheairow.
WetBulbtemperaturecanbemeasuredbyusingathermometerwiththebulbwrappedinwetmuslin.Theadiabaticevaporationof
waterfromthethermometerandthecoolingeectisindicatedbyawetbulbtemperaturelowerthanthedrybulbtemperaturein
theair.
(Courtesy:hp://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/drywetbulbdewpointaird_682.html(hp://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/drywet
bulbdewpointaird_682.html))
50)Whatisdewpointandwhyitisimportantininstrumentair?
TheDewPointisthetemperatureatwhichwatervaporstartstocondenseoutoftheair(thetemperatureatwhichairbecomes
completelysaturated).Abovethistemperaturethemoisturewillstayintheair.
Electronicinstrumentsusesinstrumentairreceivedfrominstrumentcompressorsmustbefreeofanymoisture.Becauseevenavery
smallamountofmoisturemaycondenseandgiveenormousdeviationbetweenactualvalueanddisplayedvaluewhichwouldresultin
manyproblems.Sotheinstrumentairshouldbefreeofmoisture.Thisisensuredbykeepingthedewpointbelow400Corbelow.
Comments
vengatesan.ksays:
January12,2013at12:23pm
excellentitsveryusefulforallchemicalengineers
Reply
EquilibriumJobssays:
January12,2013at4:26pm
Thanks.Awaitingtoreceivemorecontributionfromyourside.Regards,Dass
Reply
Akshaysays:
April28,2014at12:46pm
Superbstu..thanksbuddyithelpsmealot
Reply
shivsays:
July15,2014at7:28am
dearsir,
youdidverywellworkforeveryfreshercandidate,
todayismyinterviewnIfeelsocondentforit.
Reply
EquilibriumJobssays:
August17,2014at10:02am
Thanks.Bestofluck
Reply
EquilibriumJobssays:
June23,2015at2:40pm
Thanks.
EquilibriumJobssays:
October22,2015at4:13pm
Pleasevisithp://www.chemicaljobs.in
abhimanyusays:
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abhimanyusays:
August16,2014at12:04pm
plzaddquestiononnpshaskedininterview
Reply
EquilibriumJobssays:
October22,2015at4:14pm
Pleasevisithp://www.chemicaljobs.in
Reply
karanthakkarsays:
August29,2014at1:18pm
pleaseaddsomequestionsrelatedtodistilation,extaction
Reply
EquilibriumJobssays:
June23,2015at2:40pm
Sure.Iwilldoit
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EquilibriumJobssays:
October22,2015at4:14pm
Pleasevisithp://www.chemicaljobs.in
Reply
Mahithasays:
May5,2015at1:12pm
Thanxalotsir,veryhelpfulasitcoversalmostalltheimportanttopics
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EquilibriumJobssays:
October22,2015at4:14pm
Pleasevisithp://www.chemicaljobs.in
Reply
RaviKishansays:
May20,2015at9:36pm
thaxxthisisveryusefull
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EquilibriumJobssays:
October22,2015at4:14pm
Pleasevisithp://www.chemicaljobs.in
Reply
akhilvijayakumarsays:
November29,2015at6:43pm
thebestsiteforfreshers
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EquilibriumJobssays:
December17,2015at3:44pm
DearAkhilpleasevisithp://www.chemicaljobs.inregularly.
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shathiyabharathisays:
December12,2015at8:27pm
fewthermodynamicquestionscanbeadded
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EquilibriumJobssays:
December17,2015at3:44pm
YesShathiyaBharathi.IfyoucouldsendfewquestionsoCRE&TDwewilltrytodanswersandpostit.Alsopleasealsovisit
hp://www.chemicaljobs.inforhotjobopeningsandelaborateinterviewquestionsadanswers
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Poojasays:
December16,2015at7:53pm
goodcollectionofquestion(Y)
Ithelpedmealot.
Thanks
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https://chemicaljobs.wordpress.com/interviewqna/ 8/9
3/24/2017 InterviewQ&A|ChemicalJobs
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EquilibriumJobssays:
December17,2015at3:43pm
ThanksPoojapleasealsovisithp://www.chemicaljobs.inforhotjobopeningsandelaborateinterviewquestionsadanswers
Reply
Adityasays:
January1,2016at7:57pm
Yourquestionsaregoodbutinsucient.PleaseAddmore.Thankyou
Reply
EquilibriumJobssays:
January15,2016at5:41pm
SureAditya.Idounderstand.ButIamnotgeingtime.Pleasealsovisisthp://www.chemicaljobs.in.Alsopleasesendmemany
interviewquestionstomesothatIcanadditinfuture.
Regards,
Dass
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CreateafreewebsiteorblogatWordPress.com.
https://chemicaljobs.wordpress.com/interviewqna/ 9/9