PRESENTEDBY:

NELLYESTHERINAJOHN
UNIVERSITIMALAYSIASABAH
 RO1:PAVEMENT
RO2:MAINTENANCEOFROADSHOULDER
RO3:GRASSCUTTING
RO4:MAINTENANCEOFROAD
FURNITURE
RO5:MAINTENANCEOFBRIDGESAND
CULVERTS
RO6:MAINTENANCEOFDRAINS
RO7:ROUTINEINSPECTION
 Whatis
pothole?

Pothole=Defectof
pavementsurfacedueto
lossofwearingorbinder
course
 CAUSES REMEDIES
Lossofsurfacematerial Patchingofpotholes
(wearingcourse)
Weakbasecourse Basereconstruction
JALANBUKITMANGGIS,
PAPAR
1. Setuptrafficmanagementandwearsafety
attire
2. Removeallloosematerialsfromthepotholes
3. Cuttheareaat150mmfromouteredgeof
potholeandshapedusingpavementcutter
4. Sprayedbituminoustackcoatuniformly(0.25
0.55l/sq.m)
5. Fillinthecutoutareawithmixasphaltand
compactitusingpowerhandcompactor
6. Opentotraffic
CrocodileCracks=
Cracksthatform
networkofmulti
sidedblocks
 CAUSES REMEDIES
Inadequatepavement Reconstructionorstrengthen
thickness thepavement
Weakwearingcourse Replacethewearingcourse
Weakbase Basereconstruction
 Shoving=Bulging
ofroadsurface
mainlyinthe
directionoftraffic
wherebrakingor
JalanBantayanMinintod acceleration
movementsoccur
 POSSIBLECAUSES REMEDIES
Lowstabilitymix Replacethebituminous
surfacing
Weakbondingbetween Replacebituminous
asphaltsurfaceand surfacing
underlyingsurface
Inadequatepavement Reconstructthepavementor
thickness bituminousoverlay
Unstablegranularbase Basereconstruction
 Delamination=Loss
ofdiscreteandlarge
areaofwearing
course

JalanKgLikas
 POSSIBLECAUSES REMEDIES

Inadequatetackcoatbefore Millofforreplacethelayer
layingthewearingcourse
Weakandlooselayer Reconstruction

Seepageofwaterthrough Replacewearingcourseor
asphalt thinbituminousoverlay
Setuptrafficmanagement
 Sprayingtackcoat

Layingpremix(120
160C)
 Compactusingroller
compactor(34times)

Compactusingpneumatic
tyreroller(8times)

Normallycompactingstartedfromouter
edgetowardthecenter
 ACWC50mm)

ACBC(50mm)

ROADBASE(300 600mm)

SUBBASE(200 300mm)

NATURALSUBGRADE
1. PowerBroom
2. CompressedAirBlower
3. TackCoat/PrimeCoatSpreader
4. PaverMachine
5. TipTrucks
6. RollerCompactor(4tonne)
7. RollerCompactor/PneumaticTyreRoller(9
10tonne)
Settingupthelineusingchalkedrope
RoadMarkingMachine
 Materialusedinroadmarking:
Thermoplastic
Heatedwithtemperatureof180Cbeforebeinglaid

Glassmicrobeads
Donotconductroadmarkingimmediately
aftertheasphaltislaid cancausethe
thermoplastictopeeledoff.
 BitumenExtractionTest
 Procedure:
Prepare1000gofasphalt makesuretoputthe
asphaltintheovenforovernightwith
temperature120 160C
Puttheasphaltinthebowlandputfilterpaperon
topofthebowl
Putthebowlinthecentrifugeextractor
Prepare2000mLofmethylenechloridetobepour
inthesample alwaysremembertostopthe
machinebeforepouringtheliquid
Makesurealltheliquidisgone
Putthesamplesintheovenforabout3040min
withtemperature120 150C
Makesurethesamplesiscoolbeforeweightit
 CoringTest

EquipmentUsed:DiamondCoreDrill
Coringinprogress
 Fillintheholewith
sand+cement

Compactproperlyusing
hammer
PortableDigital
Balances

VernierCalliper

Coringtestinthelab
 Preparedallequipmentandmakesureallof
itisclean
Forcoringatsite,makesuretosetuptraffic
managementandwearsafetyattire
Forcoringtestinthelabtheresultofthe
density:
ACWC=98 100%
ACBC=95 100%
 MarshallTest

Heatupasphalt(150C) Putasphaltinthemould
Putinthemachinewith
75sec/blowsfortopand
bottom

Removethesample
fromthemould

Letitcooledandthen
weightit

Soakedinwaterbathfor30
minwithtemperatureof
60C
Putinthemachinefor
testing
 FEDERAL STATESPECIFICATION
SPECIFICATION
ACB 28 ACW 20 ClassB ClassC
Wearing Binder
Stability >450kg >500kg >450kg >360kg

Flow >2.0mm >2.0mm 2 4mm 2 4mm

Stiffness >225kg/mm >250kg/mm >225kg/mm >180kg/mm

VoidinTotal 3% 7% 3% 5% 3% 5% 3% 6%
Mix
VoidFills 65% 80% 75% 85% 75% 85% 65% 80%
With
Bitumen
 CONCRETEWALKWAY
Replacingtheoldwalkway
1. Setuptrafficmanagement
2. Excavateorpreparedtherequiredarea
3. Installroadkerb(Type1 orType8)
4. Laysandasfillinembankment
5. InstallUPVCClassCpipeforweephole
6. Compactandlevelthesurface
7. Preparedformwork
8. Lay125micronlowdensitypolyethylene
9. Layreinforcementbars(A94.99kg/m2)
10. LayGrade25(1:1.5:3)concrete
Installingroadkerb
 UPVCClassCpipe

Fillinembankment
Sawnformwork
After
SlumpTest
 MethodforSlumpTest:
Makesurealltheequipmentisclean
Placetheconeonasmoothsurfacewiththe
smalleropeningatthetop
Fillinthreelayeroffreshconcreteinthecone
Eachlayeristamped27timeswithtampingrod
Afterfilling,lifttheconeslowlyandmeasurethe
slump
Rangeforslumpis75 125mm
CrushingTestMachine
Equipmentusedtoprepareconcretecube:
Cubemouldandtampingrod
 Methodforpreparingconcretecube:
Makesuretheequipmentusedisclean
Fillinthreelayeroffreshconcreteinthecone
Eachlayeristamped35timeswithtampingrod
Leaveitforonedayandthenremoveitfromthe
mould
Curefor7daysand28daysfortesting
Testthecubeforeachcuringtimewithcrushing
testmachine
CONCRETE DAYS CRUSHINGVALUEREQUIREMENT
GRADE (MN/m2)
Grade20 7 14
28 20
Grade25 7 17
28 25
Grade30 7 20
28 30